專升本題庫(kù)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

例如：Healwaysreadsbooksbeforesleeping.He，第三人稱單數(shù)代詞，因此，動(dòng)詞用了reads這個(gè)加“s”的第三人稱動(dòng)詞單數(shù)形式。例如：TheysentLucastoprisonforfiveyears.（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Lucaswassenttoprisonforfiveyears.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Aftersheranintotheroom，shestartedtocry.shestart.tocry是不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。表明哭是在開(kāi)始之一、~the~estthathaveever~themostthathaveever例句：HelenisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen.MrChangisthekindestteacherthatIhaveeverhad.二、Nothingis~~~erthantoVNothingismorethantoV例句：Nothingismoreimportantthantoreceiveeducation.三、~~~cannotemphasizetheimportanceof~~~toomuch.(再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重例句：Wecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch.四、ThereisnodenyingthatSV例句：Thereisnodenyingthatthequalitiesofourlivinghavegonefrombadtoworse.不可否認(rèn)的，我們的生活品質(zhì)已經(jīng)每況愈下。五、Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat~~例句：Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous.六、Thereisnodoubtthat~~例句：Thereisnodoubtthatoureducationalsystemleavessomethingto七、Anadvantageof~~~isthat八、Thereasonwhy~~~isthatThereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycanprovideuswithfreshairThereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycansupplyfreshairfor九、Sobethat例句：Sopreciousistimethatwecan‘taffordtowasteit.十、AdjasSubjectbe，SV~~~例句：Richasourcountryis，thequalitiesofourlivingarebynomeanssatisfactory.{bynomeans=innoway=onnoaccount十一、The~erSV，~~~the~erSV~~~ThemoreAdjS~~~themoreAdjSV~~~例句：Theharderyouwork，themoreprogressyoumake.Themorebooksweread，themorelearnedwebecome.十二、ByVing，~~can~~例句：Bytakingexercise，wecanalwaysstayhealthy.十三、~~~enableObjecttoV(……使……能夠……)例句：Listeningtomusicenableustofeelrelaxed.十四、OnnoaccountcanweV~~~例句：Onnoaccountcanweignorethevalueofknowledge.十五、ItistimeS例句：Itistimetheauthoritiesconcernedtookproperstepstosolvethetraffic九、Sobethat例句：Sopreciousistimethatwecan‘taffordtowasteit.十、AdjasSubjectbe，SV~~~例句：Richasourcountryis，thequalitiesofourlivingarebynomeanssatisfactory.{bynomeans=innoway=onnoaccount十一、The~erSV，~~~the~erSV~~~ThemoreAdjS~~~themoreAdjSV~~~例句：Theharderyouwork，themoreprogressyoumake.Themorebooksweread，themorelearnedwebecome.十二、ByVing，~~can~~例句：Bytakingexercise，wecanalwaysstayhealthy.十三、~~~enableObjecttoV(……使……能夠……)例句：Listeningtomusicenableustofeelrelaxed.十四、OnnoaccountcanweV~~~例句：Onnoaccountcanweignorethevalueofknowledge.十五、ItistimeS例句：Itistimetheauthoritiesconcernedtookproperstepstosolvethetraffic二十三、Itpaysto+V~~~(……是值得的。)例句：Itpaystohelp例句：Theprogressoftheesocietyisbasedonharmony.二十五、SparenoefforttoVWeshouldsparenoefforttobeautifyourenvironment.例句：Weshouldbringhometopeoplethevalueofworkinghard.二十七、becloselyrelatedto~~例句：Takingexerciseiscloselyrelatedtohealth.usually,sometimes,everyday等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用;4;Theplanetakesoffat10am5;WhenyouseeherjusttellherthatIamallrightthatthesoldiersfightforfreedomnotformoney。week,threeyearsago,in1987,atthetime,inJuly。whenIfinisheverything。1shallwill+動(dòng)詞原型構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)2am(isaregoingto+動(dòng)詞原型，表示近期打算去做的事情或可能要發(fā)生的事情;3、am(is,are)aboutto+動(dòng)詞原型，表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作;4am(isanto+Youaretobehereby4pmforcollectingtheshipmentyouordered。was(weregoingto動(dòng)詞原型+go,comestayleave,startHeiscomingtoseeyoutomorrowhate,like,love,believe,think,look,mindhaveseemsoundsmelltaste通常不使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)HewasmakingalongdistancephonecalltohisfriendinAustraliafrom10to11lastnight。go,comestayleave,start的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)形式可以表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作Thistimenextweekshewillbeworkinginthecompany成影響。Hehaspaidhisincometax。Hesaidthatthegrouphadwrittenhimaletterandaskedhimtogothereforanintervier。IamsurehewillhaveleftTokyobythistimetomorrow。繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去。ShehasbeenworkinginGuangzhousince1985。還在繼續(xù)。Hetoldmethathehadbeenateacherofphysicsformorethantwentyyears。usually,sometimes,everyday等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用;4;Theplanetakesoffat10am5;WhenyouseeherjusttellherthatIamallrightthatthesoldiersfightforfreedomnotformoneyweek,threeyearsago,in1987,atthetime,inJuly。whenIfinisheverything。1shallwill+動(dòng)詞原型構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)2am(isaregoingto+動(dòng)詞原型，表示近期打算去做的事情或可能要發(fā)生的事情;3、am(is,are)aboutto+動(dòng)詞原型，表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作;4am(isanto+Youaretobehereby4pmforcollectingtheshipmentyouordered。was(weregoingto動(dòng)詞原型+go,comestayleave,startHeiscomingtoseeyoutomorrowhate,like,love,believe,think,look,mindhaveseemsoundsmelltaste通常不使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)HewasmakingalongdistancephonecalltohisfriendinAustraliafrom10to11lastnight。go,comestayleave,start的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)形式可以表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作Thistimenextweekshewillbeworkinginthecompany成影響。Hehaspaidhisincometax。Hesaidthatthegrouphadwrittenhimaletterandaskedhimtogothereforanintervier。IamsurehewillhaveleftTokyobythistimetomorrow。繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去。ShehasbeenworkinginGuangzhousince1985。還在繼續(xù)。Hetoldmethathehadbeenateacherofphysicsformorethantwentyyears。助動(dòng)詞be+含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分辭exampletakesgoodcaretakengoodcare條件從句主句shouldwouldcouldmight+Ifthemanagerwerehere,hemightmakeadecisionhad+shouldwouldcouldmighthave+IcouldhavedoneitbetterifIhadbeenmoreshould+shouldwouldcouldmight+were+動(dòng)詞不定式wereto+動(dòng)詞原形Ifitshouldraintomorrow,whatcouldwedoItisnecessary/imperative/important/essential/advisableItisproposed/desired/requested/suggested/recommended/demanded/decided/arrangedthatIfyouhadtakenthemedicineyesterdayyouwouldbewellnowSuggestorderaskdemandcommandrequestrequireetc.這些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬句，在這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中，助動(dòng)詞一律是should。ItisItwasimportantshouldItisimportantthatwe(should)learncomputerWishthat詞用過(guò)去時(shí);表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)詞用had+過(guò)去分詞。但是，從句中動(dòng)詞用would(mightIwishIknewalittlecontractlaw.但愿我知道一點(diǎn)合同法(我不知道)Iwishyouwouldcometomorrow.我希望你明天能來(lái)(有可能來(lái))Asifasthought引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句(或表語(yǔ)從句)中，常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。had++Thetwo-manspaceshiptookoffthismorning。++Thedrillingmachineismakingahole。主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)Theanswerisoffthepoint。+++Thenewapproachhassavedusagreatdealof+++Welikeourgueststofeelathome。等立連詞：andsonotonly~butalsoneither~noworotherwiseeither~orbutyetstill,however,while,whereas,forthatwhetherwhowhomwhosewhatwherewhenwherewhyNeverScarcelyhardlyrarelylittlenowherenosooner~thannotonlyinnocaseinnoway,onnoaccoune,atnotime,undernocircumstances(這些詞或詞組放在句首作壯語(yǔ)時(shí))Therebe詞時(shí)，句子一般都為全部倒裝Hereisabookforyou.Herecomesthebus.RichardcanspeakJapanese.Socanhis次had,shouldwere。HadIleftalittleearlier,Iwouldhavemissedthetrainsonorneither+系動(dòng)詞//+Hedoesn’tlikemusic.Nor/NeitherdoIHardly~~whenNosooner~~thanNotuntil的句型中，由于否定詞或否定詞組放在句首，主句部分中的主、謂要到裝———助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形NosoonerhadhegotwellthanheleftthehospitalJohnsaid,I‘mgoingtoLondonwithmyfather”JohnsaidthathewasgoingtoLondonwithhisfather.一般疑問(wèn)句變成以if(whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句Hesaid,“HaveyouallunderstoodthispassageHeaskedtheclassiftheyhadallunderstoodthatpassage表示請(qǐng)求時(shí)常用ask,beg等動(dòng)詞，原句中的don’t應(yīng)變?yōu)閚ot。Themanagersaidtotheclerk,“Bepolitetoalltheclients.”Themanagertoldtheclerktobepolitetoalltheclients.Hesays,“Iamverybusyreadingthebook.”Hesaysthatheisverybusyreadingthebook.this--thatlastweek–theweektherse–thosethreedaysago–threedaysbeforenow–thentomorrow–thenextdaytoday–thatdaynextweek–the(next)followingweekthisweek–thatweekhere--thereyesterday–thedaybeforecome–atattwoin表示一天中的各部分時(shí)間或較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間inthemorning,inspring,in1967ononSundayonMondayafternoondurning表示一段時(shí)間，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù)durningtheSummervacationatonetimeatthesametimeontimebelowabove+++和前綴a-afraidalivealike,aloneashamedasleep,awakeetc.forgettodosomething忘了而沒(méi)有做某事forgetdoingsomething忘了已做過(guò)某事remembertodosomething記住了要去做某事rememberdoingsomething記得已經(jīng)做過(guò)的事情stoptodosomethingstopdoingsomethinggoontodosomethinggoondoingsomethingneedwantrequireworth后，可接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式來(lái)表示被動(dòng)的意義musthave+過(guò)去分詞，表示對(duì)過(guò)去的某事做出肯定性的判斷;must+動(dòng)詞原形，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的某事作出肯定性的判斷。Neednot+have+過(guò)去分詞表示過(guò)去做了本沒(méi)有必要做的事情主謂一致(語(yǔ)法一致、意義一致、就近)oneeveryeveryoneeverybodyeachoneofmanyaeitherneithernoonenobodyanybody,somebody做主語(yǔ)或修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí);apersonofaseriesofakindof等表示一個(gè)、一種、一系列等詞組用來(lái)修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí);bothfewmanyseveral等詞語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)或修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí);(some不一定)cattlepeoplepoliceclothes等名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí);由and連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí);anumberof修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)。TheyhaveacleverDoyouknowthemanoverIknowthemanwhowrotetheThisistheboywhomwearelookingforThegirlwhoisstandingunderthetreeismysister.Themanwhomyouwanttoseehascome.人who 物 ofthatwhowhomwhich,作賓格時(shí)可省略Doyouremembertheteacherthat/whotaughtusEnglish?Abookstoreisastorethat/whichsellsTheman(that/whom/who)youknowisafamousSheisagoodstudentfromwhomweshouldlearn.Shesanganewsong,whichwelikeverymuch.Isthereanything(that)IcandoforThisisthemostexcitingreportthatIhaveeverThefirststep(that)wearetotakeisveryHetalkedaboutthepeopleandthebooksthatinterestedhim.而用why時(shí)它的先行詞只可能是reason，使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：ThisisthecitywhereIwasThisisthecity(which/that)hehasvisitedIdon’tknowthereasonwhysheisThatisthereason(which/that)everybodyknowsDoyoustillrememberthedaywhenhearrived?Doyoustillremembertheday(that/which)wespent,Isthisthereasonforwhichtheycame?HeleftthedayonwhichIcame.注意：howThisisthewayhowhedidAs作關(guān)系代詞的用法與thesame,such連用ThisisthesamebookasIreadlastweek.SuchbooksasIhavereadareclassicalworks.The isyellowwasgiventomebyMr.it’s C)whoseWhowasthegrey-hairedoldatWhowasthegrey-hairedoldatyesterday’swesawC)wewesawD)shewasHemakesgooduseofthehecanC)inD)inIdon’tknowthewhereourheadmasterlivesinourheadmasterlivesininthatourheadmasterinwhichdoesourheadmasterliveThisistheleastinterestingwhichIhaveever C)whatIhaveeverIhaveeverD)whichIhaveeverYoumustdoIhavetoldyou B) C) D)Has canbe C)that/been D)what/alreadyOct.1,1949isthe evenasmallchildcanwell B) C) D)Thatwasthe theypretendedtobeworking B)in C)in D)Thisisthe Ilovetoreadthe B) C) D)Shehadthreesons, becameof C)of D)Haveyouboughtthesame Ireferredto B) C) D)The DellawaswaitingforwhomDellawasDellawaswaitingwhoDellawasIwanttobuysucha youboughtlast B) C) D)ThisistheTV wevisitedlast B) C)to D)inDoyoustillrememberthe wespenttogetherin B)during C) D)onHaveyoueveraskedhimthe mayexplainhis B) C) D)MaryisgoodatEnglishand weallknowverywellinour B) C) D)Let’sgoandvisitMr. youknowvisiteduslast B) C) D)Sheispleased youhavegivenher youhavetold B) C)what/allwhatD)I, yourfriend,willtrymybesttohelp B) C) D)I’llrememberthedaysand weweretogetherin B) C)at D)atThe ismadeupofinthatwe C)onwhichwewherewelive D)weliveThisisthemostdifficult whatIhaveever C)whichIhaveeverIhaveeverread D)thatIhaveeverTherecomesatimeineveryman’s thenhehasto C)whenhehastothereforehehastothinkD)aboutwhichhehastoHespoke so B) C) D)Hetookdownasquaregreen hepouredintoaits B)which C)thecontentof D)thecontentofItwasn’tsuchagood shehadpromised B) C)D) isacontinuoussupplyofthebasicnecessitiesofwhatis B)forour C)thething D)thatisThe hehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttoafter B)for C)with D)atThetimeisnotfaraway moderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChina’svastcountryside. B) C) D)The hadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedallwhose B)alltheirC)allofwhose D)alloftheirLanguageisacity,tothebuilding everyhumanbeingbroughta B) C) D)Youwillwanttwotreesabouttenfeetapart, tosuspendyour B) C) D)Themerefact mostpeoplebelievenuclearwarwouldbemadnessdoesnotmeanthatitwillnotoccur. B) C) D)Thecoursenormallyattracts20studentsper uptohalfwillbefromof B)for C)with D)inI’veneverbeentoBeijing,butit’sthe whereI’dliketo B)ImostwanttoC)inwhichI’dliketo D)thatIwanttovisititWegrowallourownfruitand savesmoney,of B) C) D)Todaythepublicismuchconcernedaboutthe natureisbeing B)whichnatureisC)onwhichtoruin D)ofnaturetobe等立連詞：andsonotonly~butalsoneither~noworotherwiseeither~orbutyetstill,however,while,whereas,forthatwhetherwhowhomwhosewhatwherewhenwherewhyNeverScarcelyhardlyrarelylittlenowherenosooner~thannotonlyinnocaseinnoway,onnoaccoune,atnotime,undernocircumstances(這些詞或詞組放在句首作壯語(yǔ)時(shí))Therebe詞時(shí)，句子一般都為全部倒裝Hereisabookforyou.Herecomesthebus.RichardcanspeakJapanese.Socanhis次had,shouldwere。HadIleftalittleearlier,Iwouldhavemissedthetrainsonorneither+系動(dòng)詞//+Hedoesn’tlikemusic.Nor/NeitherdoIHardly~~whenNosooner~~thanNotuntil的句型中，由于否定詞或否定詞組放在句首，主句部分中的主、謂要到裝———助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形NosoonerhadhegotwellthanheleftthehospitalJohnsaid,I‘mgoingtoLondonwithmyfather”JohnsaidthathewasgoingtoLondonwithhisfather.一般疑問(wèn)句變成以if(whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句Hesaid,“HaveyouallunderstoodthispassageHeaskedtheclassiftheyhadallunderstoodthatpassage表示請(qǐng)求時(shí)常用ask