2022-2023學(xué)年廣西南寧三十六中等校高一（下）開學(xué)英語試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年廣西南寧三十六中等校高一（下）開學(xué)英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）A

TheTerra-cottaWarriorsTheTerracottaArmyorthe"TerraCottaWarriorsandHorses"，isacollectionofterracottasculpturesshowingthearmiesofQinShiHuang,thefirstEmperorofChina.Thepurposewastoprotecttheemperorinhisafterlife,andtomakesurethathehadpeopletoruleover.Otherterracottanon-militaryfigureswerealsofoundinotherpitsandtheyincludeofficials,acrobats,strongmenandmusicians.Sadly,nophotographyorfilmingisallowedinside.EiffelTowerIfyouareplanningaromanticgetawaytoParis,don'tthinkaboutpostingaselfieinfrontoftheEiffelTower.Takingphotosisillegal,buttheproblemisn'twiththebuildingitself.Thelightshowonit,designedbyPierreBideauin1985，isactuallyanartisticdisplayandprotectedbycopyright,Sexplains.Andsincethelightsgoeveryfiveminutes,snappingaphotothatdoesn'tbreakthelawisimpossible.WestminsterAbbeyWestminsterAbbeyisawonderfulGothicchurch.Yetnomatterhowhistoricorbreathtakingitmaybe.you'renotallowedtotakephotos.Luckily,thereisaprettygoodreasonforit,accordingtothechurch'swebsite："Wewantyoutotakeinitsuniquebeautyandhistorywithoutanydistractions.Wewanttokeepthesacredatmosphereofachurch."TheSistineChapelAsit'soneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheworld,it'sanupsettingthingthattouristsaren'tallowedtotakephotosaroundorinside.ThechapelwentunderrepairworkfundedbytheNipponTelevisionNetworkCorporationofJapan.Thecostsendedupbeing＄4.2million.Inreturn,Nippongotspecialrightstofilmandphotographtheartwork.Thatcopyrightactuallyendedthreeyearsaftereachpartwascomplete,buttheVaticandecidedtokeepthebaninplacetoprotectthepreciousartworkfromharmfulcameraflashes.1.WhatcantouristsenjoywhenvisitingtheTerra-cottaWarriors？______A.Differentfiguresburiedunderground.

B.Massesofamazingpalacesaround.

C.Awonderfulfilmofagreatemperor.

D.Thefuturelifeofthenon-militarypeople.2.Whichoftheplacesaboveisnotedforlightshows？______A.TheTerra-cottaWarriors B.EiflfelTower

C.WestminsterAbbey D.TheSistineChapel3.Howmanyoftheseplacesforbidtakingphotos？______A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.BItwasthelasttimeSusanButcherrantheIditarodTrailSledDogRacein1992．Anhourintotherace，Susanandhersleddogteamspeddownahillandcrashedintoafallentree．Althoughhurt，Susancontinuedthedifficultrace．

TheIditarodRacestartedin1925whenadoctorinNome，Alaskawasdesperatelyinneedofmedicinetostopthespreadofadeadlydisease．Onlyahospitalhadwhatheneeded，butitwas700mile-away!InJanuary，itwastoodangeroustosendaboatandtoostormyforhistinyairplane．Theonlyhopewastouseseveralsleddogteamsfollowingatrail，calledtheIditarodTrail．Theypassedthemedicinefromonesledteamtoanother．Windandsnowdidnotstopthemenandtheirdogs．Themedicinewasdeliveredinrecordtime．Theracefollowstherouteofthefamousmedicinerun．Over1，000mileslong，itisconsideredthetoughestraceintheworld．

SusanButcherwasborninCambridge，Massachusetts．InherteensSusanwasgivenaSiberianhuskydogandbecameveryinterestedinhuskiesassleddogs．AfterreadingabouttheIditarodRace，SusanmovedtoAlaska．Shegotseveraljobstoearnmoneytobuyherselfasledandateamofhuskies．Afteryearsofhardworkandtraining，SusanachievedherdreamofracingontheIditarodTrail．

In1978，attheageof24，Susanenteredtheraceforthefirsttimeandbecamethefirstwomantofinishinthetop20．In1982shecameinsecond．In1984shewasleadingherteamacrossafrozenwaterwaywhentheyfellintothewater．HerleaddogmanagedtopullSusanandtheotherdogsoutofdanger．Remarkably，shecameinsecond．

Inherfourthrace，in1985，astarvingmoose（駝鹿）attackedherdogs，killingtwoandinjuringeleven．Susanhadtoleavetherace．In1986Susanjoinedtheraceagain．Thistime，shewon．Shewonagainin1987．In1988shebecamethefirstpersonevertowinthreeIditarodraces．Unbelievably，Susanwonforthefourthtimein1990．4.Accordingtotext，SusanButcherenteredtheIditarodTrailSledDogRaceatleasttimes______.A.six B.seven C.eight D.nine5.InParagraph2，theauthorwantstotellus______.A.howtheIditarodTrailSledDogRacebegan

B.howthespreadofadeadlydiseasewasstopped

C.howtoughtheIditarodTrailSledDogRacewas

D.howSusanButcherbegantoshowinterestintherace6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"inarow"probablymeaninthelastparagraph？______A.continuously B.eventually C.remarkably D.respectively7.WhatledtosomeofSusanButcher'sfailures？______A.Snowstorm. B.Lackoffood.

C.Accidents. D.Lackofexperience.CTherearearound600，000vegans（素食者）intheUK.That'sjustover1%ofthepopulation-anamountexpectedtoincreaseto25%by2025.Andifthere'sonetypeoffoodthatBritslove，itisfastfood.PeopleintheUKloveitsomuchthattherewasa34%increaseinthenumberoffastfoodoutletsfrom2010to2018.It'snosurprise，then，thatveganfastfoodisalsoontherise.

Veganfastfoodhasbecomebigbusiness.AtJustEat，anonlinefooddeliverycompany，veganordersmorethandoubledin2018.Greggs，achainofhigh-streetbakeries，nameditsvegansausagerollthe"fastest-sellingproductinsixyears".AndbigfranchisessuchasMcDonald'sandKFChaveannouncedmeat-freechickennuggets（雞塊）tocomeinthefuture.

What'sdrivingthispopularity？KatrinaFox，founderofVeganBusinessMedia，believesit'stheresultofthebreakingdownofstereotypes（成見）."Veganfoodisnolongerseenasabitoflettuceandlentils-youcaneatprettymuchanything".

It'salsoclaimedthattherearehealthbenefits.JohnMarulanda，ownerofMooshiesisaveganburgerbarinLondon-wantstoimplement"achangetoahealthyversionoffastfood".Something，heclaims，thatcomesasaresultoftheinherentnutritionalvalueoftheingredientstheyuse.

But，isveganfastfoodactuallyhealthy？AzminaGovindjioftheBritishDieteticAssociationsays"nottoassume"thatisthecase，"It'sfineifthoseproductshavegotvitaminB12，iodineorcalciumaddedtothem.buttheycanstillbefried，itcanstillhavelotsofcreamy，fattysaucesandlotsofsalt.

Giventhecurrentgrowthinorders，thetrendforveganfastfoodisn'tlikelytodisappearanytimesoon，Health-wise，itmaynotbeanymorenourishingthanregularfastfood，butformany，thelackofanimalsufferinginvolvedintheprocessisabigplus.8.What'sthemainideaofParagraph1？______A.VegansintheUKareincreasing.

B.Britishpeoplelovejunkfood.

C.Eatingtoomuchfastfoodisbadforhealth.

D.VeganfastfoodisbecomingpopularinBritain.9.Whichmightbethereasonforthepopularityofveganfastfood？______A.Itsuniqueflavors. B.Thechangeoflifepace.

C.Itshealthbenefits. D.Itscolorfuldecorations.10.WhatisAzminaGovindji'sopinionaboutveganfastfood？______A.Itisnotsohealthy. B.Itismorevaried.

C.Itismorenutritious. D.Itwillsoondisappear.11.Whydomanypeopletendtoveganfastfoodaccordingtothelastsentence？______A.Tokeepabalanceddiet. B.Forreligiousreasons.

C.Outoftheloveforanimals. D.It'scheaperthanregularfood.DNewresearchhasrevealedsomethingamazing：itappearsthatplantscancommunicateafterall.

Ithasbeenknownforsometimethatplantsusechemicalstocommunicatewitheachother.Thishappenswhenaplant，sayabeanplant，getsattackedbyinsects.Theplantreleasestinyamountsofchemicalsfromtheleavesthatarebeingeaten.Thisislikeawarning，oracallforhelp："I'mbeingattacked!"Whenanotherbeanplantdetectsthechemicalsfromitsinjuredneighbour，itstartstoreleaseitsown，differentchemicals.Someofthesechemicalsdriveinsectsaway.Othersattractinsects-thewasps（黃蜂）！Thewaspskilltheinsectsthatareeatingthebeanplants.Scientistshopetolearnmoreaboutthisplantwarningsystem，sothatwecanuseittogrowcropswithoutpesticides.

Moresurprisingly，plantsalsousesoundtocommunicate.Peoplecan'thearthesesounds，butplantsaremakingthem.Someplantsmakenoiseswiththeirroots.Conandchilliplantsdothis.Theyalso"listen"tothenoisesfromotherplants.Achilliplantcantellifaneighbouringplantishelpful，orunfriendly.Sometreesmakeclickingnoiseswhenthereisnotenoughwater，indicatingdroughtisarriving.

Mostsurprisinglyofall，plantshaveanamazingsystemofcommunicationthatcanlinknearlyeveryplantinaforest.Scientistscallthissystemthe"woodwideweb".ItisinsomewayssimilartotheInternetweuse.WhiletheIntenetisaworldwidenetworkofcomputerslinkedbycablesandsatellites，thewoodwidewebislinkedundergroundbyfungi（真菌）.Thisfungalnetworklinkstherootsofdifferentplantstoeachother.Usingthewoodwideweb，plantscanshareinformationandevenfoodwitheachother.Forexample，somepinetreescansendfoodtosmallerpinetreestohelpthemgrow.ButjustlikeourownIntemet，thewoodwidewebhasitsownversionof"cybercrime".Plantscanstealfoodfromeachother，orspreadpoisonstoattackotherplants.Perhapsonedayscientistswilllearnhowtocreatea"firewall"tohelppreventtheseattackswithinthewoodwideweb.

Scientistsarelearningmoreeverydayaboutthesecretwaysinwhichplantstalktoeachother.Whoknows？Maybeonedaywewillknowenoughaboutplantcommunicationtobeableto"talk"withthemourselves.12.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2and3？______A.Abeanplantmayreleaseitsowndifferentchemicalstodriveinsectsaway.

B.Abeanplantcanonlyattractwaspstokilltheharmfulinsects.

C.Scientistshavelearnedmoreaboutthisplantwarningsystem.

D.Mostplantscanmakenoisesandlistentonoises.13.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph4？______A.The"woodwideweb"isinsomewayssimilartotheInternetweuse.

B.The"woodwideweb"hasitsownversionof"cybercrime".

C.Plantshaveanamazingsystemofcommunicationthatcannearlycoveraforest.

D.Scientistswillcreatea"firewall"toprotectthewoodwidewebfromattacks.14.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetomasteringthesecretwaysinwhichplantstalk？______A.Worried. B.Uninterested. C.Optimistic. D.Pessimistic.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage？______A.Thesecretlanguageofplants.

B.Thebenefitsofplants'talking.

C.Howplantscommunicatewitheachother.

D.Howplantscommunicatewithpeople.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）DoYouHaveaPositiveAttitude？

Whowouldyouratherhangaroundwith？Someonewhoalwaysactsinlowspirits？Orsomeonewhomanagestoseethegoodaroundhim，evenwhenthingsaren'talwaysgoinggreat？(16)

Havingapositiveattitudecanhelpyouinmanyways.(17)Yourfriendswilldefinitelyappreciateyoumoreifyouseethesilverliningratherthanjustthedarkclouds!

(18)Thelesspressureyoufeel，thebetteryouwillfeeloverall.Soifyou'vebeenfeelingtired，putonahappyfaceandyoujustmightfeelbettersoon.

Buthowcanyouhaveapositiveattitudewhenlifeishard？It'smorethanjustturninglife'slemonsintolemonade.(19)Butit'sworthit.

Apositiveattitudedoesn'tmeanignoringlife'stroubles.Itjustmeanslookingforthegoodinthings，ratherthanbeingapessimistandconcentratingonthebadinthings.Sometimesyourattitudecanmakeallthedifference.

Identify（識別）thoseareasofyourlifethatmightnotbegoingsowell.(20)Focusononeatatimeandthinkofwaysyoucanfindthepositiveinthings.

A.Theansweristohaveapositiveattitude.

B.Havingapositiveattitudecantakesomehardwork.

C.Theyarelikelytomakeyouhavenegativethoughts.

D.Havingapositiveattitudecanalsoreduceyourstresslevel.

E.Ifyouhaveapositiveattitude，you'remorefuntobearound.

F.Whenyoufeelbetterphysically，younaturallyfeelbettermentally.

G.It'snosurprisethatpeopleenjoybeingaroundpositivepeopleratherthannegativepeople.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）

Aboutthreeyearsago,atornadoattackedourtown.MyfatherandI

(21)

tovisitmygrandparentstomakesuretheywereokay.Uponarrival,Itookmyregularseatand

(22)

withGrandmaaboutwhatwasonourmindtopassthetime.

(23)

,thepowerwasoutanditgotdarkinwhatseemedlikeamatterofminutes.

Then,Grandmaturnedtomeandaskedwith

(24)

eyesthatstaredrightpastme,"Nowyou'regraduatingthisyear,aren'tyou?"Asafreshman,Iwas

(25)

,aboutthisstrangequestion.Actually,Grandmacouldexactly

(26)

youwheneveryoneofhergrandchildrenwasborn.

(27)

,IassuredherthatIwasnotyeta(n)

(28)

,andstillhadafewyearsuntilgraduation.

Soon,myfatheraskedifIwasreadytogohome.Isilently

(29)

myhead—yes.Intothecar,I

(30)

andcouldn'tstopweeping.Myfatheraskedmewhatwaswrong."IsGrandmagoingto

(31)

mygraduation?"Iasked.

Ittookhimalongtimetorespond,"Yes.Shemaynotknowwheresheis,butshewillbethere,nomatterwhat."Therestofthecarridehomewas

(32)

.Whenweeventuallyarrivedhome,Irushedtomyroomandcriedforhours.Thatnight,IcouldpicturethatGrandma's

(33)

wouldbechangedfromthecaregivertocarereceiver.

EversincethattalkwithmyGrandma,Ihavematuredand

(34)

.HerAlzheimer(阿爾茨海默癥)hasprogressedtoaboutstage3now.Atmygraduation,IwassittingonthestageseeingGrandmatheresittingwiththerestofmyfamily."Shemaynotknowwheresheis,butshewillbethere".Myfather'swords

(35)

inmyears.21.A.flew B.cycled C.drove D.walked22.A.chatted B.argued C.consulted D.whispered23.A.Finally B.Suddenly C.Immediately D.Constantly24.A.loving B.bright C.watery D.empty25.A.concerned B.confused C.cautious D.curious26.A.identify B.remind C.persuade D.tell27.A.Shocked B.Amazed C.Disappointed D.Excited28.A.assistant B.freshman C.senior D.genius29.A.shook B.nodded C.raised D.lowered30.A.calmeddown B.cutin C.calledout D.brokedown31.A.attend B.forget C.celebrate D.cancel32.A.dull B.smooth C.silent D.uneasy33.A.character B.status C.power D.role34.A.grownup B.givenup C.cheeredup D.keptup35.A.exploded B.burst C.rang D.flashed四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.（1）______（dress）inorthopedic（矯正的）shoes，apenguinfromtheSanDiegoZoo，whocouldnotwalkduetoillness，gotanotherchancetorunlikeotherpenguins.

Lucas，theAfricanpenguin，（2）______（have）troublewalkingformorethanthreeyearsbecauseoftheprobleminhisspine（脊柱），whichcausesitsmuscleweaknessandpaininthelegs.

Thepenguinlookedlonelyanddifferent（3）______otheronesforitslimitedmobility.Wildlife（4）______（researcher）decidedtodosomething.

"I'veknownLucasforalongtime，sobeingabletoprovidehimwitha（5）______（possible）toliveanormallifebringsasmiletomyface，"saidDr.Beth，aseniorvetatthezoo.

Theboots（6）______（fit）inplace，sotheywillhelpLucastofullyparticipateinthecolonyandshowbehaviorsthataremoretypicalfor（7）______penguin-suchasclimbingtherocks，swimming，nestingandfindingasuitablemate.

Withhisnewboots，Lucas'swalkinghasimproved，whichmakeshisexplorationinhisrockyhabitat（8）______（easy）andhisposture（姿勢）becamemorenatural，（9）______（allow）himtogainbetterbalancewhilestanding.

"Wewerepleasantlysurprisedatthechangethebootsbring，"saidoneanimalkeeper."Seeinghimmoveaboutnowgivesushope（10）______hemaybeabletoliveafulllife."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.假如你是學(xué)校英語社團的社員李華，由于你熟悉周邊環(huán)境，英語能力較強，學(xué)校安排你下周末作為導(dǎo)游帶領(lǐng)學(xué)校新聘請的外籍教師Mr.Smith進行一次郊游。請你用英語給Mr.Smith寫一封電子郵件，包括以下內(nèi)容：

（1）歡迎和自我介紹；

（2）出游的時間、具體安排等信息；

（3）需要提前做的準(zhǔn)備工作。

注意：（1）詞數(shù)80左右。

（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

We'redrivingalongaroadandsawapieceofcardsaying："BungeeJumping，5km"andanarrowpointingtotheleft.Icouldn'tevenseearoadgoingleftandtherewasnosignofanybungeejumping，butyouinsisted.

"Wedon'thavetodothebungeejumping，wecanjustgothereandseewhat'shappening.It'llbeinteresting!"Asusual，yougotyourway.Igaveinandoffwewentalongthisdirtroad.Afterdrivingforalongtime，suddenlysometreesappearedlikeasmallwood."Thismustbetheplace，"yousaid.Wepulledover.Assoonaswe'reoutofcar，weheardvoicesofpeopleshoutingandlaughing.Itsoundedlikethey'rehavingagoodtime.Inthemiddleofthewoodthereweresomepeople.They'repoliteandfriendly，butIfeltlikewe'reinterrupting.

Oncetherehadbeenariver，butnowtherewasjustadryditch（溝）.Ametalbridgecrossedtheditch.Thebridgedidn'tlooktoostable.Ithoughtthekidshadbuiltit.Thekidswereinthemiddleofthebridge.They'reallleaningoverandlookingdownintotheditch.They'reshoutingandlaughing.Anotherpersonwashangingfromalongpieceofelasticropeinthemiddleoftheditch.Hewaslaughingmadly.Theotherpeopleslowlypulledhimuptothebridge.Astheguycametothetophelookedshockedbutalsoveryhappy.

"Iwanttodothat!"yousaid.AndyouknewwhatIwantedtosay：Whatwillhappeniftheropebreaks？Ididn'tsayit，butIwasthinkingit.Ididn'tsayanything，becauseIknewthatyouwouldn'thaveanswersforanyofmyquestions.You'vealwaysbeenalotmoreadventurousthanme.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

IrememberedwhenIwasakid，myfriendhadabicyclewithnobrakes.

________

Ibreathedin，closedmyeyes，didn'tthinkaboutanythingandjumped.

________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、B、D【解析】（1）A.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個表格"The

purpose

was

to

protect

the

emperor

in

his

afterlife,

and

to

make

sure

that

he

had

people

to

rule

over.

Other

terracotta

non-military

figures

were

also

found

in

other

pits

and

they

include

officials,

acrobats,

strongmen

and

musicians.

其目的是保護皇帝的來世，并確保他有人統(tǒng)治。在其他坑中也發(fā)現(xiàn)了其他非軍事人物的兵馬俑，包括官員、雜技演員、鐵腕人物和音樂家。"可知游客在參觀兵馬俑時能欣賞埋在地下的不同人物。故選A.

（2）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個表格"The

light

show

on

it,

designed

by

Pierre

Bideau

in

1985，

is

actually

an

artistic

display

and

protected

by

copyright,

S

explains.

S解釋說，1985年由皮埃爾?比多設(shè)計的燈光秀實際上是一種藝術(shù)展示，受版權(quán)保護。"可知艾菲爾鐵塔以燈光秀著稱。故選B.

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)每一個表格的"Sadly,

no

photography

or

filming

is

allowed

inside.遺憾的是，里面不允許攝影或拍攝"；"Taking

photos

is

illegal,

but

the

problem

isn't

with

the

building

itself.拍照是違法的，但問題不在于大樓本身"；"

you're

not

allowed

to

take

photos.你不能拍照"；"That

copyright

actually

ended

three

years

after

each

part

was

complete,

but

the

Vatican

decided

to

keep

the

ban

in

place

to

protect

the

precious

artwork

from

harmful

camera

flashes.這一版權(quán)實際上在每一部分完成三年后就終止了，但梵蒂岡決定保留這一禁令，以保護這些珍貴的藝術(shù)品免受有害的相機閃光燈的侵害"?？芍@四個地方都不能拍照。故選D.

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了幾個值得參觀的地方。

1．直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原文基本一致的題目。

2．間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原文信息進行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3．綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。4~7.【答案】D、A、A、C【解析】1．D．細節(jié)理解題．由"1978，1982

，1984，1985，1986，1987，1988，1990，1992"可知，蘇珊?布切爾至少9次參加了愛迪塔羅德小道雪橇狗比賽．故D選項正確．

2．A．段落大意題．由第二段的內(nèi)容可知，主要告訴我們艾迪塔羅德小道雪橇狗比賽是如何開始的．故A選項正確．

3．A．詞義猜測題．由最后一段"

In

1986Susan

joined

the

race

again．This

time，she

won．She

won

again

in

1987．In

1988she

became

the

first

person

ever

to

win

three

Iditarod

races

．"1986年，蘇珊再次參加了比賽．這次，她贏了．她在1987年再次獲勝．1988年，她成為第一個連續(xù)贏得三場愛迪塔羅德比賽的人．可知，1986，1987，1988年蘇珊連續(xù)贏得三場愛迪塔羅德比賽，所以猜測"in

a

row"是"連續(xù)地"意思．故A選項正確．

4．C．推理判斷題．由最后一段"In

her

fourth

race，in

1985，a

starving

moose（駝鹿）

attacked

her

dogs，killing

two

and

injuring

eleven．Susan

had

to

leave

the

race"在她1985年的第四場比賽中，一只饑餓的駝鹿攻擊她的狗，死兩只狗，傷十一只．蘇珊不得不退出比賽．可知，是一場意外事故導(dǎo)致蘇珊退賽．故C選項正確．

這是一篇人物傳記．講述了蘇珊?布切爾與她的雪橇狗參加比賽的故事．

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋．考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點8~11.【答案】D、C、A、C【解析】（1）D．段落大意題．根據(jù)文章第一段，Therearearound600，00vegans（素食者）intheUK．That'sjustover1%ofthepopulation-anamountexpectedtoincreaseto25%by2025．Andifthere'sonetypeoffoodthatBritslove，itisfastfood．PeopleintheUKloveitsomuchthattherewasa34%increaseinthenumberoffastfoodoutletsfrom2010to2018．It'snosurprise，then，thatveganfastfoodisalsoontherise．這只占總?cè)丝诘?%多一點，預(yù)計到2025年將增加到25%．如果說英國人喜歡什么的話，那就是快餐．英國人非常喜歡快餐，從2010年到2018年，快餐店的數(shù)量增加了34%，不是令人驚訝的是，素食快餐也在增加．可知第1段的主旨是純素快餐正在英國流行起來．故選D．

（2）C．推理判斷題．根據(jù)文章第三、四段，"Veganfoodisnolongerseenasabitoflettuceandlentils-youcaneatprettymuchanything"．It'salsoclaimedthattherearehealthbenefits．JohnMarulanda，ownerofMooshiesmsaveganburgerbarinLondon-wantstoimplement"achangetoahealthyversionoffastfood．Something，heclaims，thatcomesasaresultoftheinherentnutritionalvalueoftheingredientstheyuse．"素食不再被看作是一點生菜和小扁豆--你幾乎可以吃任何東西"．它還聲稱有健康益處．倫敦一家素食漢堡店的老板約翰?馬魯蘭達希望實現(xiàn)"對健康快餐的改變．他聲稱，這是由于它們所用成分的內(nèi)在營養(yǎng)價值．可知，素食快餐變得流行是因為其蘊含的健康價值，對身體有益，結(jié)合選項，故選C．

（3）A．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章第五段，But，isveganfastfoodactuallyhealthy？AzminaGovindjioftheBritishDieteticAssociationsays"nottoassume"thatisthecase，"It'sfineifthoseproductshavegotvitaminB12，iodineorcalciumaddedtothem..buttheycanstillbefried，itcanstillhavelotsofcreamy，fattysaucesandlotsofsalt．但是，素食快餐真的健康嗎？英國飲食協(xié)會的AzminaGovindji說"不要假設(shè)"事實就是這樣，"如果這些產(chǎn)品中添加了維生素B12、碘或鈣，那就沒問題了．但他們?nèi)匀豢梢杂驼ǎ匀豢梢杂泻芏嗄逃?，脂肪醬和大量的鹽．可知，AzminaGovindji認(rèn)為素食快餐因為經(jīng)過了油炸等過程，其并不那么健康，結(jié)合選項，故選A．

（4）C．細節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章最后一段，Giventhecurrentgrowthinorders，thetrendforveganfastfoodisn'tlikelytodisappearanytimesoon，Health-wise，itmaynotbeanymorenourishingthanregularfastfood，butformany，thelackofanimalsufferinginvolvedintheprocessisabigplus．鑒于目前訂單的增長，素食快餐的趨勢不太可能很快消失，健康方面，它可能不會比普通快餐更有營養(yǎng)，但對許多人來說，在這一過程中缺乏動物的痛苦是一個很大的好處．可知，很多人選擇素食快餐，是因為其不涉及動物的殺害，他們是處于對動物的喜愛而選擇素食快餐，結(jié)合選項，故選C．

本文是一篇議論文，主要講述了英國的素食快餐的流行，介紹了其流行原因和其內(nèi)在的營養(yǎng)價值．

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案．做題時要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)．12~15.【答案】A、C、C、C【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Whenanotherbeanplantdetectsthechemicalsfromitsinjuredneighbour，itstartstoreleaseitsowndifferentchemicals.Someofthesechemicalsdriveinsectsaway.（當(dāng)另一株豆科植物檢測到來自受傷鄰居的化學(xué)物質(zhì)時，它就會開始釋放自己的不同的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。其中一些化學(xué)物質(zhì)會趕走昆蟲。）可知我們可以從第2段和第3段推斷出豆類植物可能會釋放出不同的化學(xué)物質(zhì)來驅(qū)趕昆蟲。故選A。

（2）段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段的Mostsurprisinglyofall，plantshaveanamazingsystemofcommunicationthatcanlinknearlyeveryplantinaforest.（最令人驚訝的是，植物有一個驚人的交流系統(tǒng)，幾乎可以連接森林中的每一種植物。）可知第4段的主要思想是植物有一個驚人的通訊系統(tǒng)，幾乎可以覆蓋整個森林。故選C。

（3）情感態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段的Maybeonedaywewillknowenoughaboutplantcommunicationtobeableto"talk"withthemourselves.（也許有一天，我們會對植物的交流有足夠的了解，從而能夠自己與它們"交談"。）可知作者對掌握植物說話的秘密方式持樂觀態(tài)度。故選C。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容Newresearchhasrevealedsomethingamazing：itappearsthatplantscancommunicateafterall.（新的研究揭示了一件驚人的事情：植物似乎還是可以交流的。）可知，本文主要講的是植物之間是如何交流的，所以"C.Howplantscommunicatewitheachother（植物是如何相互交流的）"為最佳標(biāo)題，故選C。

本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是植物之間是如何交流的。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。16~20.【答案】G、E、D、B、C【解析】（1）G.問題導(dǎo)入題。根據(jù)上文的三個問題，"Whowouldyouratherhangaroundwith？Someonewhoalwaysactsinlowspirits？Orsomeonewhomanagestoseethegoodaroundhim，evenwhenthingsaren'talwaysgoinggreat？（你更愿意和誰在一起？總是情緒低落的人？還是即使事情并不總是一帆風(fēng)順能看到身邊美好事物的人？）"可知，所設(shè)空處應(yīng)作出回答，并引起下文。選項G"It'snosurprisethatpeopleenjoybeingaroundpositivepeopleratherthannegativepeople.（人們喜歡和積極的人而不是消極的人在一起，這并不奇怪）"回答了上文提出的三個問題，符合語境。故選G。

（2）E.推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文"Yourfriendswilldefinitelyappreciateyoumoreifyouseethesilverliningratherthanjustthedarkclouds!（如果你能看到—線希望而不是烏云，你的朋友肯定會更欣賞你）"可知，如果你有積極的態(tài)度，身邊的朋友就會更喜歡你并且圍繞在你身邊，選項E"Ifyouhaveapositiveattitude，you'remorefuntobearound（如果你有積極的態(tài)度，和你在一起更有趣）"符合語境，故選E。

（3）D.段落大意題。根據(jù)后兩句"Thelesspressureyoufeel，thebetteryouwillfeeloverall.Soifyou'vebeenfeelingtired，putonahappyfaceandyoujustmightfeelbettersoon（壓力越小，你的整體感覺就越好。所以，如果你覺得累了，擺出一張開心的臉，你可能很快就會感覺好起來）"可知，積極的態(tài)度能夠降低你的壓力水平，選項D"Havingapositiveattitudecanalsoreduceyourstresslevel（擁有積極的態(tài)度也可以降低你的壓力水平）"符合語境，故選D。

（4）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上一句"It'smorethanjustturninglife'slemonsintolemonade.（這不僅僅是把生活中的檸檬變成檸檬汁））"可知，擁有積極的態(tài)度并不是像榨檸檬汁那么十分容易的事情，它需要付出積極努力，選項B"Havingapositiveattitudecantakesomehardwork（擁有積極的態(tài)度需要付出努力）"符合語境，故選B。

（5）C.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上一句"Identifythoseareasofyourlifethatmightnotbegoingsowell.（找出你生活中那些可能不太順利的方面）"可知，生活中會有可能不太順利的方面，選項C"Theyarelikelytomakeyouhavenegativethoughts（他們可能會讓你產(chǎn)生消極的想法）"中的"they"指代上文"thoseareasofyourlifethatmightnotbegoingsowell"，再根據(jù)下文可知，生活中不太順利的方面也許會讓人產(chǎn)生消極的想法，并且逐一攻克，從中找出積極的方面。選項C在此承上啟下，符合題意。故選C。

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了積極心態(tài)的重要性和擁有積極心態(tài)的方法。

選句填空類閱讀理解題材廣泛，故學(xué)生要拓展知識面，關(guān)心時事，學(xué)習(xí)之余，增加閱讀面。做此類題型，要通讀全文，了解常見寫作順序，重點理解空白處前后的句子，關(guān)注段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，如：并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系及其它關(guān)系。把握意思的連貫性、邏輯性，鎖定線索詞，認(rèn)真閱讀選項，排除迷惑項，確定選項后，再快速泛讀全文，確保文章上下銜接流暢，選項有據(jù)可依。21~35.【答案】C、A、B、D、B、D、A、C、B、D、A、C、D、A、C【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者回去看望奶奶時，發(fā)現(xiàn)奶奶因為年歲大了有些糊涂，因而作者感慨萬千。

1.

???????句意：我的父親和我開車去看望我的祖父母，確保他們沒事。A.flew飛；B.cycled騎車；C.drove開車；D.walked走路。根據(jù)后文“Intothecar,”可知，我倆是開車去的，故選C。2.

句意：一到地方，我就坐在我的老位子上，和奶奶聊了聊我們的心事來打發(fā)時間。A.chatted聊天；B.argued爭論；C.consulted咨詢；D.whispered耳語。根據(jù)“Then,Grandmaturnedtomeandaskedwith

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eyesthatstaredrightpastme,"Nowyou'regraduatingthisyear,aren'tyou?"”（然后，奶奶轉(zhuǎn)向我，用空洞的眼睛盯著我身邊，問道：“你今年畢業(yè)，是嗎？”）可知，我和奶奶在聊天，故選A。3.

句意：突然，停電了，幾分鐘后天就黑了。A.Finally終于；B.Suddenly突然；C.Immediately立即；D.Constantly不斷。根據(jù)“thepowerwasout”（停電了）可知，停電是一瞬間的事，故選B。4.

句意：然后，奶奶轉(zhuǎn)向我，用空洞的眼睛盯著我身邊，問道：“你今年畢業(yè)，是嗎？”A.loving親愛的；B.bright明亮的；C.watery水的；虛弱的；D.empty空的。根據(jù)“Thatnight,IcouldpicturethatGrandma's

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wouldbechangedfromthecaregivertocarereceiver.”（那天晚上，我可以想象奶奶的角色將從照顧人變成被照顧的人。）可知，奶奶年歲大了有些糊涂了，故眼神是空洞的，故選D。5.

句意：作為一名大一新生，我對這個奇怪的問題感到困惑。A.concerned擔(dān)心；B.confused困惑；C.cautious謹(jǐn)慎；D.curious好奇。根據(jù)“aboutthisstrangequestion”（對這個奇怪的問題）可知，對于這一奇怪的問題我很困惑，故選B。6.

句意：實際上，奶奶能準(zhǔn)確地告訴你她的每個孫子是什么時候出生的。A.identify識別；B.remind提醒；C.persuade勸說；D.tell告訴。根據(jù)“youwheneveryoneofhergrandchildrenwasborn.”（她的每一個孫子出生的時候）可知，我奶奶能告訴你每個孫子的生日，故選D。7.

句意：我很震驚，向她確認(rèn)說我還不是大四學(xué)生，還有幾年才畢業(yè)。A.Shocked震驚的；B.Amazed驚喜的；C.Disappointed失望的；D.Excited興奮的。根據(jù)“Actually,Grandmacouldexactly

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youwheneveryoneofhergrandchildrenwasborn.”（實際上，奶奶可以準(zhǔn)確地告訴你她的每個孫子出生的時間。）可知，我的印象中奶奶記憶很好，故當(dāng)她忘記了我的年級時，我很震驚，故選A。8.

句意同上。A.assistant助手；B.freshman新生；C.senior較高年級的人；D.genius天才。根據(jù)“andstillhadafewyearsuntilgraduation”（還有幾年才畢業(yè)）可知，我不是高年級的學(xué)生，故選C。9.

句意：我默默地點了點頭——是的。A.shook搖頭；B.nodded點