新高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)練第1部分閱讀理解與閱讀七選五專題1第8 體裁微解議論文 (含解析)

第8講體裁微解——議論文議論文，也叫說理文，是一種剖析事物、論述事理、發(fā)表意見、提出主張的文體。作者通過擺事實(shí)、講道理、辨是非等方法，來確定其觀點(diǎn)的正確或錯(cuò)誤，樹立或否定某種主張。議論文的三要素是論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。論點(diǎn)是一篇文章的靈魂、統(tǒng)帥；論據(jù)是支撐論點(diǎn)的材料；論證是用論據(jù)來證明論點(diǎn)的方法和過程。主要具有以下特點(diǎn)：選材主要選自一些外國期刊，如NewsWeek，Times，BusinessWeek，TheEconomist；主要是中外廣泛關(guān)注的社會話題和熱點(diǎn)問題。內(nèi)容內(nèi)容包羅萬象，社會生活類占據(jù)了絕大部分。作者通過擺事實(shí)、列數(shù)字等方法論證論點(diǎn)，目的是說服他人、宣揚(yáng)觀點(diǎn)，或者說服讀者接受某種意見或采取某種行動(dòng)。文章中會出現(xiàn)生僻詞匯和長難句。結(jié)構(gòu)大多以“總—分—總”的結(jié)構(gòu)行文，即“提出問題—分析問題—解決問題”。語言議論文一般觀點(diǎn)明確、論據(jù)充分、語言精練、論證合理，有嚴(yán)密的邏輯性。命題議論文難度相對比較大，命題角度呈多樣化，如細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題、主旨大意題等。高考英語議論文設(shè)題廣泛，細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題、詞句猜測題、主旨大意題都有可能出現(xiàn)，因此，在閱讀議論文時(shí)，應(yīng)該從結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容兩方面同時(shí)入手，先通讀原文，再區(qū)分事實(shí)和觀點(diǎn)，明確論點(diǎn)、論證和論據(jù)，明了作者最后得出的結(jié)論。具體答題策略如下：(2021·天津3月·D)Thereissomethingtobesaidforbeingageneralist，evenifyouareaspecialist.Knowingalittleaboutalotofthingsthatinterestyoucanaddtotherichnessofawhole，well-livedlife.Societypushesustospecialize，tobecomeexperts.Thisrequirescommitmenttoaparticularoccupation，branchofstudyorresearch.Thedrawbacktobeingspecialistsisweoftencometoknowmoreandmoreaboutlessandless.Thereisagreatdealofpressuretomasterone’sfield.Youmaypursuetraining，degrees，orincreasinglevelsofresponsibilityatwork.Thenyoudiscoverthepressureofhavingtokeepup.Somepeopleseemwillingtoworkaroundtheclockintheirnarrowspecialty.Butsuchcommitmentcanalsoweakenasenseoffreedom.Thesespecialistscouldworkattheofficeuntilteneachnight，thenlookbackandrealizetheywouldhavelovedtohavegonehomeandenjoyedthesweetnessoftheirfamilyandfriends，ortraveledtoexcitingplaces，meetinginterestingpeople.Masteringonethingtotheexclusion(排除)ofotherscanholdbackyourtruespirit.Generalists，ontheotherhand，knowalotaboutawiderangeofsubjectsandviewthewholewithallitsconnections.Theyarepeopleofability，talent，andenthusiasmwhocanbringtheirbroadperspective(視角)intospecificfieldsofexpertise(專長)．Thedoctorwhoisalsoapoetandphilosopherisasuperiordoctor，onewhocangivesomuchmoretohispatientsthanjustgoodmedicalskills.Thingsareconnected.Letyourexpertiseinonefieldfuelyourpassionsinallrelatedareas.Someofyourinterestsmaynotappeartobeconnectedbut，onceyouexploretheirdepths，youdiscoverthattheyare.MyeditorToni，whoisalsoawriter，haseditedseveralhistorybooks.ShehasdecidedtostudyChinesehistory.FascinatedbythestructuralbeautyoftheForbiddenCityasapainter，sheisequallyinterestedtolearnmoreaboutChinesephilosophy.“Idon’tknowwhereitwilllead，butI’mexcitedI’monthispursuit.”Theseexpansionsintonewworldshelpusbygivingusnewperspectives.Webegintoseetheinterconnectednessofonethingtoanotherinallaspectsofourlife，ofourselvesandtheuniverse.Developbroad，generalknowledgeandexperience.Theuniverseisallyourstoexploreandenjoy.eq\x(語篇解讀本文是議論文。文章論述了要當(dāng)一個(gè)多面手，而不是當(dāng)某方面的專家。)51．Tobecomeaspecialist，onemayhaveto.A．narrowhisrangeofknowledgeB．a(chǎn)voidresponsibilitiesatworkC．knowmoreaboutthesocietyD．broadenhisperspectiveonlife答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句可知，成為專家需要對特定的職業(yè)、研究領(lǐng)域的投入。成為專家的缺點(diǎn)是我們常常對越來越少的知識領(lǐng)域了解得越來越多。因此，要成為一名專家，了解到的知識領(lǐng)域會越來越少，會縮小一個(gè)人的知識范圍。故選A。52．Thespecialistsmentionedinparagraph3tendto.A．treasuretheirfreedomB．travelaroundtheworldC．spendmosttimeworkingD．enjoymeetingfunnypeople答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段中提到“Somepeopleseemwillingtoworkaroundtheclockintheirnarrowspecialty...Thesespecialistscouldworkattheofficeuntilteneachnight”，由此可知，這些專家往往花大部分的時(shí)間在工作上。故選C。53．Accordingtotheauthor，asuperiordoctorisonewho.A．isfullyawareofhistalentandabilityB．isapurespecialistinmedicineC．shouldlovepoetryandphilosophyD．bringsknowledgeofotherfieldstowork答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知，這位既是詩人又是哲學(xué)家的醫(yī)生是一位優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)生，他能給他的病人提供比良好的醫(yī)術(shù)更多的東西。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為一名優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)生可以將其他領(lǐng)域的知識運(yùn)用到工作中。故選D。54．WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowwiththeexampleofToni?A．Passionalonedoesnotensureaperson’ssuccess.B．In-depthexplorationmakesdiscoveriespossible.C．Everyonehasachancetosucceedintheirpursuit.D．Seeminglyunrelatedinterestsareinawayconnected.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段前三句可知，事物之間是有聯(lián)系的，你在一個(gè)領(lǐng)域的專長可以激發(fā)你在所有相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的熱情。你的一些興趣可能看起來沒有聯(lián)系，但一旦你深入探索，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)它們是有聯(lián)系的。接著下文舉出Toni的例子，由此可以推斷，作者想通過Toni的例子說明看似不相關(guān)的興趣，如果深入探索的話，在某種程度上是有聯(lián)系的。故選D。55．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．BeMoreaGeneralistThanaSpecialistB．SpecialistorGeneralist：HardtoDecideC．TurnaGeneralistintoaSpecialistD．WaystoBecomeaGeneralist答案A解析標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段第一句提出觀點(diǎn)，即使你是一個(gè)專家，也應(yīng)該當(dāng)一個(gè)通才；第二段第三句說明成為專家的不足之處是我們常常對越來越少的知識領(lǐng)域了解得越來越深；第四段說明當(dāng)通才的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該當(dāng)一個(gè)通才。故選A。AIfhavingtomakeachoicebetweenreadingane-bookandaprintedbook，whichwouldmostpeoplechoose？Somewouldgoforane-bookwhilesomestillpreferthehard-printedbook.Undoubtedly，e-booksdohavebenefits.Firstly，changestoanelectronicpublicationarerelativelyeasytomake.Theyarequickertoobtain.E-booksaremoreeasilyupdated.Theprintedbooksonmanysubjectscanbecomeoutdatedveryquickly.Secondly，e-bookscanbeeasilyandquicklykeptuptodate.Youusuallygetfarmorethanjustthee-books.Moste-booksaresoldwithbonusesandrelatedinformationthatusuallydonotcomewiththepurchaseofaprintedbook.Moreover，theytakeuplessspace.Insteadofabiglibrary，youcanfitliterallythousandsofbooksonyourcomputer.Italsomakesiteasiertosharethisinformationwithfamiliesandfriends.Fornearlytwentyyears，additionally，futuristshavebeenpredictingthedevelopmentofprintedbooks.Theconventionalviewhasbeenthatdigitale-booksareonthevergeofreplacingpaperbooks.However，thishasnotbeenthecase.Aprintedbookhasitsadvantagestoo.Firstly，itisanobjectthatcanbecarriedandusedalone.Itneedsnoelectricoutlet(插座)，nobatteries，nothing.Secondly，e-bookswillalwaysrequiresomeformsofsupportthattheprintedbookdoesnotneed.Ibelievethattheonlinepublishinghasnottakenoffbecausepeoplewantrealbooks.Whatisbeingpublishedonlinemoreandmorearepamphlets(小冊子)andthingsthatreallydonotneedtobeinprint.Thesearestuffthatpeoplethrowawayafterward.Moreoften，peopledonotwanttoreadabookonthecomputer.Whatcouldbebetterthanapaperbook？Itlastsalongtime.Thesebooksaredesignedtolastalongtimewithoutdisappearing.Tosumup，thereisnodenyingthattheprintedbookisstillverymuchpreferredoveritsdigitalcousins.Readingelectronicpublicationsisjustnotthesamewhenitcomestobooks.Peoplearestillveryinterestedinrealbooksandnotebooks.語篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。文章討論了電子書和印刷書籍各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，并對其未來做出了預(yù)測。1．Whatcanweknowaboutane-book?A．Itwillneverbeoutofdate.B．Italwaysgivesyouanaddedbonus.C．Itcandeliverinformationquickly.D．Ithastakentheplaceofprintedbooks.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Theyarequickertoobtain.”和第六句“Secondly，e-bookscanbeeasilyandquicklykeptuptodate.”及最后一句可知，電子書更新快，獲取方便，易于分享。由此推知，電子書可以快速地傳遞信息。故選C。2．Whichstatementwouldfuturistsprobablyagreewith?A．Printedbookswilldisappear.B．Printedbookscanbeusedalone.C．E-bookshavemanyrestrictions.D．E-bookshavenodrawbacks.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句可知，未來學(xué)家認(rèn)為在以后電子書將取代印刷書籍。由此推知，未來學(xué)家可能會同意印刷書籍即將消失這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。故選A。3．Whatisonecauseofthefailedonlinepublishing?A．Thelowdemandforbookindustry.B．Theexpectationsfrompeople.C．Theguidanceofpolicy.D．Thedesirefortheprintedbooks.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句可知，在線出版沒有成功的原因是人們對印刷書籍的需求。故選D。4．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureoftheprintedbook?A．Hopeless. B．Unpredictable.C．Costly. D．Promising.答案D解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句和最后一句可知，作者認(rèn)為印刷書籍的未來是有希望的。故選D。B“Mirror，mirroronthewall.Who’stheprettiestofthemall？”Everyoneis.Includingyou.NomatterwhatTikTok’sbeautytrendswantyoutobelieve.Thepopularvideo-sharingplatformneedsnointroduction.Anyoneintheworldcancreateanythingandpostitonthewidespreadplatform.Butwhathappenswhenmoreandmorefault-findingcontents—especiallyinregardtopeople’slooks—arecreated?“You’reattractiveifyouhave8to10teethshowingwhenyousmile.”“Apparently，thisfilter(濾鏡)showshowgoodyoureyebrowslook.”“Usethiseffecttoadjustthesizeofyourfeatures.”Wearebornwithatendencytofollowthecrowdtogainapproval.Asaresult，welookatthehugenumberofviewsonthesepostsandthinkfollowingthesetrendsistherightthingtodo.Sowehurriedlydownloadthefiltersorrushtothemirrortopretendtosmilebroadlyandcuriouslycountourteeth.Mediahasbeenkeepingwesternbeautystandardsforgenerationsandhasfailedtoconsiderthatdifferentculturesandcountrieshavetheirownbeautystandards.Youmightnotbelieveit，butIfinddarkcircles(theproofyouworkedharduntillateatnight)andscars(theproofthatyou’vesurvivedbattles)beautiful.AndI’msurethereareplentyofotherswhodo，too.TikTokbeautystandardssortpeopleintogroupsaccordingtothesizesoftheirnoses，foreheads，orlips.Theyjudgeapersonbytheirlooks.Actually，peoplearewholeindividualswithfarmoreinterestingqualitiesthantheirforeheadsize.It’sthewayyoureyeslightupwhentalkingaboutyourfavoritebookorthewayyoutakecareofyoursadfriendthatmakesyoubeautiful.Asweageandgrowwrinkles，it’sthethingswedidthatwe’llberememberedfor，notwhatwelookedlike20yearsago.Trustme，noone’sactuallycountingandcommittingtomemoryhowmanyteethareinyoursmile.語篇解讀這是一篇議論文。TikTok上的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)只注重外表的美，作者論述了自己對于美的看法。5．Whyisthefamouslinefromastoryusedatthebeginningofthepassage?A．Toremindreadersofthemagicmirror.B．Tomakethebeginningunderstandable.C．Tointroducetheauthor’sbeautyattitude.D．TodisplaypopularbelieftowardsTikTok.答案C解析寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段中“Everyoneis.Includingyou.NomatterwhatTikTok’sbeautytrendswantyoutobelieve.”可知，這就是作者自己對于“誰是最美的人”的答案，是作者自己對于美的態(tài)度，不要跟風(fēng)，要相信自己最美。所以說作者引用那句故事臺詞的目的就是引出自己對于美的看法。故選C。6．Whydowefollowthebeautytrendsaccordingtothepassage?A．Togetacceptance.B．Tosatisfycuriosity.C．Toputonmoreposts.D．Tocreateabetterself.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段前兩句可知，因?yàn)槲覀兩鷣砭陀幸环N從眾以得到他人的認(rèn)可的傾向，所以才會追隨審美趨勢。A項(xiàng)與gainapproval意思一致。故選A。7．Whatisbeautifulaccordingtotheauthor?A．Scarsfromabarfighting.B．Darkcirclesfromplayinggames.C．Eyebrowsshownthroughthefilter.D．Alamelegfromsavingachildinafire.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第二句以及最后一段可推知，假如你是因?yàn)閺拇蠡鹬芯瘸龊⒆佣热车娜?，在作者看來這就是最美的。故選D。8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．WorryingFutureforTikTokFollowersB．UniqueBeautyStandardsonTikTokC．HarmfulTikTokBeautyTrendsD．DangerousTikTokPlatform答案C解析標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段作者闡述了自己對美的態(tài)度；第二段作者質(zhì)疑TikTok平臺上很多人分享的人造美對社會導(dǎo)向是錯(cuò)誤的；倒數(shù)第二段作者指出了這些網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻中的審美是具有負(fù)面影響的，并指出了正確的審美觀。綜上，作者擔(dān)心TikTok平臺的審美趨勢所帶來的負(fù)面影響。故選C。強(qiáng)化練(十六)議論文AAsimplepieceofclotheslineshangsbetweensomeenvironmentallyfriendlyAmericansandtheirneighbors.Ononesidestandthosewhoseeclothesdryersasawasteofenergyandamajorpolluteroftheenvironment.Asaresult，theyareturningtoclotheslinesaspartofthe“what-I-can-doenvironmentalism”．Butontheothersidearepeoplewhoareagainstdryingclothesoutside，arguingthatclotheslinesareunpleasanttolookat.TheyhavepersuadedHomeownersAssociations(HOAs)acrosstheUStostopoutdoorclotheslines，becauseclotheslinedryingalsotendstolowerhomevalueintheneighborhood.ThishasledtoaRight-to-DryMovementthatiscallingforlawsbepassedtoprotectthechoicetouseclotheslines.Sofar，onlythreestateshavelawstoprotectclotheslines.MattReck,37，isthekindofeco-friendlypersonwhofeedshistreeswithbathwaterandreuseswaterdropsfromhisairconditionerstowaterplants.Hisfamilyalsousesaclothesline.Butseveraldaysago，theHOAinNorthCarolinatoldhimthatadissatisfiedneighborhadtelephonedthemabouthisclothesline.TheReckspaidnoattentiontothewarningandstilldriedtheirclothesonalineintheyard.“Manypeoplesaytheyareenvironmentallyfriendlybuttheydon’ttakemattersintheirownhands，”saysReck.ThelocalHOAhasdecidednottotakeanyaction，unlessmoreneighborscomplain.NorthCarolinalawmakerssaythatstoppingclotheslinesisnottherightthingtodo.ButHOAsandhousingbusinessesbelievethatclotheslinedryingremindspeopleofpoorneighborhoods.Theyworrythatifbuyersthinktheirfutureneighborscan’tevenafforddryers，housingpriceswillfall.Environmentalistssaysuchworriesarenotnecessary，andinviewofglobalwarming，thatideaneedstochange.Astheysay，“Theclotheslineisbeautiful.Hangingclothesoutsideshouldbeencouraged.Weallhavetodoatleastsomethingtoslowdowntheprocessofglobalwarming.”語篇解讀這是一篇議論文。一條簡單的晾衣繩引起了一些環(huán)保的美國人和他們的鄰居之間的爭議，有些人反對在室外晾曬衣服，他們認(rèn)為晾衣繩看起來很難看，且會降低房屋價(jià)值，環(huán)保人士則認(rèn)為晾衣繩很環(huán)保且美觀。1．Supportersofclothesdryersaretryingtostopclotheslinedryingbecause.A．clothesdryerscansavemoneyB．clothesdryersareenergy-savingC．clotheslinedryingreduceshomevalueD．clotheslinedryingisnotallowedinUS答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，干衣機(jī)的支持者們正試圖阻止晾衣繩，因?yàn)榱酪吕K降低了房屋價(jià)值。故選C。2．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMattReck?A．Heisawarm-heartedman.B．Heisanimpoliteneighbor.C．Heisaninexperiencedgardener.D．Heisamanofsocialresponsibility.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句和倒數(shù)第二句可推知，MattReck是一個(gè)有社會責(zé)任感的人。故選D。3．Whoaremostlikelytosupportclotheslinedrying?A．Housingbusinesses.B．Environmentalists.C．HomeownersAssociations.D．Reck’sdissatisfiedneighbors.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一、二句以及最后一段可知，環(huán)保人士最有可能支持晾衣繩。故選B。4．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．OppositeOpinionsonClotheslineDryingB．AWaytoSaveEnergyandMoneyC．DifferentVarietiesofClotheslinesD．ALostArttoBeDiscovered答案A解析標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段并結(jié)合文章的主要內(nèi)容可知，文章講述了一條簡單的晾衣繩引起了一些環(huán)保的美國人和他們的鄰居之間的爭議。文章介紹了不同的人對此的看法。故選A。B(2022·江西贛州適應(yīng)性考試)Beingperfectissomethingmanyofuswantandtrytoachieve.Itmakesusfeelwe’recorrectandthatourhardworkhaspaidoff.However，asmuchasperfectionandbeingperfectisnotallaperfectthing.Perfectionisallaboutbeingwithoutmistakesandcriticism.Wantingortryingtobeperfectcanmakeithardtoadmitamistake.Nevertheless，itisimportanttoownuptomistakesandworktofixthem.Notbeingabletotakecriticismandfixmistakesisarrogance，notperfection.Perfectionisadouble-edgedsword.Inourlives，wewantperfection.Perfectionholdsusaccountable;it’sthemistakesandimperfectionthatkeepspushingusharderandfurtheratwhatwedo.It’stheperfectmotivator.Butit’salsotheperfectkiller.Forexample，themovie“BlackSwan”showcasedhowperfectioncankillus.Workingandtrainingandstresshurtourbody，mind，andsomuchmorethatwecan’tdoitanymore.Butperfectioncanalsohavetheoppositeeffect.Themovie“HighStrung”showedthatperfectiondoesn’texist，butpracticingandpushingourselvescanbringusgreatrewards.In“BlackSwan”，themaincharactertriedtobeperfectbuthealsocomparedhimselftosomeoneelsewhohethoughtwasbetterthanhim.Thisaddedmorepressureandself-doubt，whichcancauseunhealthywaysofachievingperfection.Themaincharacterof“BlackSwan”didn’tknowwhentostop，whereasthemaincharacterof“HighStrung”did，oratleastdidn’tfocussomuchonthecomparison，andinsteadfocusedonthecompetitionandtheonesshecaredabout.Perfectionissomethingwecan’tlivewithoutandcan’tlivewith.Theonlywaytokeeptheswordfromcuttingusisifweknowwhentostop.Somedaysaregoingtobegooddaysandotherswillbebad.Wehavetotakewhateverdayitis—perfectorimperfect—andhopethat’senough.語篇解讀這是一篇議論文。文章主要論述完美是我們很多人都想要并努力實(shí)現(xiàn)的，然而，完美并不是沒有錯(cuò)誤和缺點(diǎn)，它是一把雙刃劍。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“ownupto”meaninparagraph2?A．Make. B．Avoid.C．Correct. D．Acknowledge.答案D解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Notbeingabletotakecriticismandfixmistakesisarrogance，notperfection.”以及畫線詞后面“mistakesandworktofixthem”可知，不能接受批評和糾正錯(cuò)誤是傲慢，而不是完美，所以承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤并努力改正是很重要的。故畫線短語意思是“承認(rèn)”。故選D。6．Whatpreventsthecharacterin“BlackSwan”fromgoingfurther?A．Comparison. B．Self-doubt.C．Pressure. D．Competition.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“In‘BlackSwan’，themaincharactertriedtobeperfectbuthealsocomparedhimselftosomeoneelsewhohethoughtwasbetterthanhim.Thisaddedmorepressureandself-doubt，whichcancauseunhealthywaysofachievingperfection.”可知，是比較阻止了《黑天鵝》中的角色走得更遠(yuǎn)。故選A。7．Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodowhiletryingtobeperfect?A．Trynottomakemistakes.B．Pushourselvesharder.C．Stopbeforegoingtoofar.D．Proveourabilitytoothers.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theonlywaytokeeptheswordfromcuttingusisifweknowwhentostop.”可知，作者建議我們在追求完美的同時(shí)，不要走得太遠(yuǎn)。故選C。8．Whatcouldbethebeststructureofthepassage?(P＝paragraph)答案C解析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段總起全文，引出關(guān)于“完美”的話題；第二段中“Perfectionisallaboutbeingwithoutmistakesandcriticism.”為第一個(gè)論點(diǎn)；第三段和第四段指出完美是一把雙刃劍，為第二個(gè)論點(diǎn)；最后第五段對全文進(jìn)行總結(jié)。由此可推知，C選項(xiàng)最符合文章結(jié)構(gòu)。CItisbettertokeepyourmouthclosedandletpeoplethinkyouareafoolthantoopenitandremovealldoubt.—MarkTwainYoucanhavesomethingextremelysmart，usefulorfunnytosay，butifyousayitatanimpropertime，youcouldmakeyourselflookfoolish.Throughouthistorymanyfamous，noteworthypeoplehavetakenMarkTwain’swordstoheart.Thesewisepeopleknewwhentotalkandwhentokeepsilent.Manyleadershavetolearnwhentotalkandwhentokeepsilentevenwhenitmightbedifficulttodoso.Allleadersmustchoosetheirwordscarefully，pickingtherighttimetospeak，sothattheirwordscanhavethegreatestimpact.Ifyoulearntodevelopthisskillofknowingwhentoholdyourtongue，youwillalsobecomewise，evenifpeoplethinkyouarenot.Somepeople，infact，willunderestimateyoubecausetheydonotknowwhatyouarethinkingallthetime.Thiscangiveyouanadvantageinmanysituations.Whenpeopleunderestimateyou，theydonotfocusonyou，leavingyoutomakeandperformplanswithoutbeingnoticed.Ifyouthinkbeforeyou