eda課程設計自動售貨機的設計說明

./電子信息科學與技術專業(yè)課程設計任務書學生專業(yè)班級學號題目自動售貨機的設計課題性質工程設計課題來源自擬課題指導教師同組主要容設計制作一個自動售貨機,該自動售貨機能完成貨物信息存儲、進程控制、硬幣處理、余額計算、顯示等功能。自動售貨機可以售2種貨物,每種貨物的數(shù)量和單價在初始化時設入,在存儲器中存儲。用戶可以用硬幣進行購物,按鍵進行選擇。系統(tǒng)根據(jù)用戶輸入的貨幣,判斷錢幣是否夠,錢幣足夠則根據(jù)顧客要求自動售貨；錢幣不夠則給出提示并退出。系統(tǒng)自動地計算出應找錢幣余額、庫存數(shù)量并顯示?！蔡崾荆哄X數(shù)以5角為單位。任務要求①根據(jù)設計題目要求編寫相應程序代碼②對編寫的VHDL程序代碼進行編譯和仿真③總結設計容,完成課程設計說明書參考文獻[1]焦素敏.EDA課程設計指導書.：工業(yè)大學,2008[2]松,黃繼業(yè).EDA技術實用教程.：科學,2002[3]王國棟,松等.VHDL實用教程.：電子科技大學,2000[4]亦華,延明.數(shù)字電路EDA入門.：電子工業(yè),2003[5].ele-diy./中國電子制作網(wǎng)審查意見指導教師簽字教研室主任簽字20XX2月20日一．設計說明根據(jù)要求可自動出售兩種貨物,本文設計的自動售貨機可銷售cola和pepsi兩種飲料：售貨機可識別1元和0.5元的兩種貨幣,在一次購買過程中,可購買一個或多個商品,系統(tǒng)會自動計算所需錢數(shù)和找零的錢數(shù)并自動找零。另外有3個發(fā)光二極管、6個LCD數(shù)碼管：兩個用來顯示所需金額,兩個用來顯示已付金額,兩個用來顯示找零數(shù)。1.1.1流程說明本文設計的自動售貨機當通電時,表示一次銷售的開始。顧客選擇一種商品或多種商品后就進入投幣狀態(tài)。若不投幣,則自動返回初始狀態(tài)。投幣后,系統(tǒng)自動計算所投錢數(shù)。若投幣夠,則出貨并找零。若投幣不夠,如果顧客沒有繼續(xù)投幣,則退幣并回到初始狀態(tài)。本系統(tǒng)的投幣銷售流程圖如圖所示：退幣清零退幣清零結束出貨找零繼續(xù)投幣綜合〉物價計算金額投幣選擇開始1.1.2各模塊說明 本文設計的自動售貨機總體分三個模塊：總控模塊,二進制譯碼模塊、BCD碼譯碼模塊?？偪啬K：總控模塊是本系統(tǒng)最重要的模塊,該模塊大體有5個輸入端口和6個輸出端口。其輸入端口包括clk、coin1〔投入一元貨幣、coin5〔投入0.5元貨幣、cola〔選擇cola、pepsi<選擇pepsi>,輸出端口有paid〔已投入多少錢、needed〔還需多少錢moneyout〔找零、success〔燈亮表示交易成功、failure〔燈亮表示交易失敗、showmoneyout〔燈亮表示正在找零。該模塊實現(xiàn)了本系統(tǒng)最重要的交易過程,包括選擇商品、投入貨幣,計算剩余金額,找零出貨等。二進制譯碼模塊：該模塊有一個輸入端口和兩個輸出端口。輸入端口是一個8位的二進制數(shù)輸出端口bcd0、bcd1是兩個4位的BCD碼。該模塊的主要的功能是實現(xiàn)將主控模塊輸出的二進制數(shù)〔paid、needed、moneyout轉換成BCD碼,以便輸出到七段數(shù)碼管上顯示出來。該模塊的原理是將一個8位的二進制轉換成2個4位的BCD碼,分為高四位和低四位。BCD碼譯碼模塊：該模塊有一個輸入端口和一個輸出端口1.1.3程序設計主控模塊完整程序如下：Libraryieee;useieee.std_logic_1164.all;useieee.std_logic_unsigned.all;entityshouhuojiisport<clk:instd_logic;coin1:instd_logic;coin5:instd_logic;cola:instd_logic;pepsi:instd_logic;paid:outstd_logic_vector<7downto0>;needed:outstd_logic_vector<7downto0>;success:outstd_logic;failure:outstd_logic;showmoneyout:outstd_logic;moneyout:outstd_logic_vector<7downto0>>;endshouhuoji;architecturebehavofshouhuojiistypestate_typeis<qa,qb,qe,qc,qg,qd,qf>;--定義七個狀態(tài)signalcurrent_state:state_type:=qa;signalq:integerrange0to100;beginprocess<clk>variablepaidtemp:std_logic_vector<7downto0>;--定義變量variableneededtemp:std_logic_vector<7downto0>;variablebackmoney:std_logic_vector<7downto0>;variablepricetemp:std_logic_vector<7downto0>;beginifclk'eventandclk='1'thencasecurrent_stateiswhenqa=>paidtemp:="00000000";neededtemp:="00000000";backmoney:="00000000";pricetemp:="00000000";q<=0;showmoneyout<='0';moneyout<="00000000";paid<="00000000";needed<="00000000";failure<='0';success<='0';ifcola='1'orpepsi='1'thencurrent_state<=qb;ifcola='1'thenpricetemp:=pricetemp+"00001111";neededtemp:=pricetemp;Elsepricetemp:=pricetemp+"00010100";neededtemp:=pricetemp;endif;endif;paid<=paidtemp;needed<=neededtemp;whenqb=>ifcoin1='1'orcoin5='1'thenifcoin1='1'thenpaidtemp:=paidtemp+"00001010";elsepaidtemp:=paidtemp+"00000101";endif;ifpaidtemp>=pricetempthenbackmoney:=paidtemp-pricetemp;neededtemp:="00000000";current_state<=qd;elseneededtemp:=pricetemp-paidtemp;backmoney:="00000000";current_state<=qc;q<=0;endif;paid<=paidtemp;needed<=neededtemp;endif;ifq<8thenq<=q+1;ifcola='1'orpepsi='1'thenq<=0;ifcola='1'thenpricetemp:=pricetemp+"00001111";neededtemp:=neededtemp+"00001111";elsepricetemp:=pricetemp+"00010100";neededtemp:=neededtemp+"00010100";endif;paid<=paidtemp;needed<=neededtemp;endif;elsecurrent_state<=qe;q<=0;endif;whenqe=>failure<='1';ifq<4thenq<=q+1;elsecurrent_state<=qa;q<=0;endif;whenqc=>ifcoin1='1'orcoin5='1'thenifcoin1='1'thenpaidtemp:=paidtemp+"00001010";elsepaidtemp:=paidtemp+"00000101";endif;ifpaidtemp>=pricetempthenbackmoney:=paidtemp-pricetemp;neededtemp:="00000000";current_state<=qd;elseneededtemp:=pricetemp-paidtemp;backmoney:="00000000";current_state<=qc;endif;paid<=paidtemp;needed<=neededtemp;endif;ifcoin1/='1'andcoin5/='1'thenifq<10thenq<=q+1;elsecurrent_state<=qg;endif;elseq<=0;endif;whenqg=>failure<='1';showmoneyout<='1';moneyout<=paidtemp;current_state<=qf;q<=0;success<='0';whenqd=>success<='1';ifbackmoney>"00000000"thenshowmoneyout<='1';moneyout<=backmoney;endif;current_state<=qf;q<=0;whenqf=>ifq<4thenq<=q+1;elsecurrent_state<=qa;q<=0;endif;endcase;elseendif;endprocess;endbehav;BCD譯碼模塊完整程序如下：Libraryieee;useieee.std_logic_1164.all;useieee.std_logic_unsigned.all;entitycode1isport<b:instd_logic_vector<7downto0>;bcd0:outstd_logic_vector<3downto0>;bcd1:outstd_logic_vector<3downto0>>;endcode1;architectureoneofcode1isbeginprocess<b>begincasebiswhen"00000000"=>bcd0<="0000";bcd1<="0000";--譯碼"0"；when"00000001"=>bcd0<="0001";bcd1<="0000";--譯碼"1"；when"00000010"=>bcd0<="0010";bcd1<="0000";--譯碼"2"；when"00000011"=>bcd0<="0011";bcd1<="0000";--譯碼"3"；when"00000100"=>bcd0<="0100";bcd1<="0000";--譯碼"4"；when"00000101"=>bcd0<="0101";bcd1<="0000";--譯碼"5"；when"00000110"=>bcd0<="0110";bcd1<="0000";when"00000111"=>bcd0<="0111";bcd1<="0000";when"00001000"=>bcd0<="1000";bcd1<="0000";when"00001001"=>bcd0<="1001";bcd1<="0000";when"00001010"=>bcd0<="0000";bcd1<="0001";when"00001011"=>bcd0<="0001";bcd1<="0001";when"00001100"=>bcd0<="0010";bcd1<="0001";when"00001101"=>bcd0<="0011";bcd1<="0001";when"00001110"=>bcd0<="0100";bcd1<="0001";when"00001111"=>bcd0<="0101";bcd1<="0001";when"00010000"=>bcd0<="0110";bcd1<="0001";when"00010001"=>bcd0<="0111";bcd1<="0001";when"00010010"=>bcd0<="1000";bcd1<="0001";when"00010011"=>bcd0<="1001";bcd1<="0001";when"00010100"=>bcd0<="0000";bcd1<="0010";譯碼"20"whenothers=>null;endcase;endprocess;endone;頂層模塊完整程序如下：libraryIEEE;useIEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;useIEEE.STD_LOGIC_ARITH.ALL;useIEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;entitytopisPort<clk1:instd_logic;C1,C5,P1_5,P2:instd_logic;paid_lcd0,paid_lcd1,needed_lcd0,needed_lcd1,Mout_lcd0,Mout_lcd1:outstd_logic_vector<3downto0>;s,f,showout:outstd_logic>;endtop;architectureoneoftopiscomponentshouhuojiport<clk:instd_logic;coin1:instd_logic;coin5:instd_logic;cola:instd_logic;pepsi:instd_logic;paid:outstd_logic_vector<7downto0>;needed:outstd_logic_vector<7downto0>;success:outstd_logic;failure:outstd_logic;showmoneyout:outstd_logic;moneyout:outstd_logic_vector<7downto0>>;endcomponent;componentcode1port<b:instd_logic_vector<7downto0>;bcd0:outstd_logic_vector<3downto0>;bcd1:outstd_logic_vector<3downto0>>;endcomponent;signalp,n,mo:std_logic_vector<7downto0>;--signals1,s2,s3,s4,s5,s6:std_logic_vector<3downto0>;beginu0:shouhuoji--各模塊連接portmap<clk=>clk1,coin1=>C1,coin5=>C5,cola=>P1_5,pepsi=>P2,success=>s,failure=>f,showmoneyout=>showout,paid=>p,needed=>n,moneyout=>mo>;u1:code1portmap<b=>p,bcd0=>paid_lcd0,bcd1=>paid_lcd1>;u2:code1portmap<b=>n,bcd0=>needed_lcd0,bcd1=>needed_lcd1>;u3:code1portmap<b=>mo,bcd0=>Mout_lcd0,bcd1=>Mout_lcd1>;endone;1.1.4各模塊的連接 各模塊的連接如圖所示：售貨機主控系統(tǒng)和譯碼器模塊圖售貨機頂層模塊2、1主控模塊的仿真上圖表示顧客選擇了pepsi飲料后,且投了2個一元的硬幣。Success為高電平,代表售貨機有飲料售出。且余額為0.上圖表示顧客選擇了pepsi飲料后,且投1個一元的硬幣和一個0.5元的硬幣。failure為高電平,代表售貨機無飲