中學(xué)高一英語練習(xí)十一

中學(xué)高一英語練習(xí)十閱讀理解AWilliamPretzerwas5yearsoldwhenRosaParksofMontgomery,Alabama,wasarrested.ItwasDecember1,1955.The42-year-oldneedlewomanwasonacitybusonthewayhomeafteraday'swork,andsherefusedtogiveherseattoawhitepassenger.ThefullsignificanceoftheeventdidnotregisterwithPretzer,soyoungandlivingmorethan2,000milesawayinSacramento,California.Tobehonest,itwouldtaketimeformostpeopletogainenoughviewstoseetheprotest（抗議）forwhatitwas,thebeginningofthecivilrightsmovementintheUnitedStates,andParksasthemovement'sso-called“mother.”Evennow,ashelooksoverParks'policereportandfingerprints,Pretzer,whoworkedforDetroit'sHenryFordMuseumformorethan20years,andacquiretheretiredGMbusinwhichtheincidentoccurred,isstruckbythedocuments.“Thereisnothingthatmakesthiseventlookextraordinary,”hesays.“Itisbeingtreatedasatypicalviolenceoffenseofthecitycode.Infact,thatisexactlywhatitwas.”Yet,whilepolicedealtwiththesituationjustlikeanyothernoiseprotestsonthecity'ssegregated（種族隔離）buses,Parks,herlawyersandNAACPleadersorganized.“WithintheAfricanAmericancommunity,itisseenasanopportunityforprogresstobemade,forattentionandpressuretobebroughttobearonthewhitepowerstructure,”saysPretzer.Parks'actofdisobedienceinspiredtheMontgomeryBusBoycott,throughwhichMartinLutherKing,Jr.becameknownasacivilrightsleader.Theboycottlasted381days,andonthe382ndday,backedbyaSupremeCourtruling,thecity'sbuseswereofficiallycombined.ByPretzer'sdefinition,Parksisahistorymaker.“Historymakersarethosethatsensethemoment,”hesays.WhywasRosaParksarrested?（）［單選題］*Shedidn'tgiveherseattoapassenger.Shebrokethecity'ssegregationlaw.（正確答案）SheledtheMontgomeryBusBoycott.Sheoffendedtheauthorityofthepolice.RosaParkscanbedescribedas.（）［單選題］*ahistorydocumentmakeramovementleaderabravemotheracivilrightspioneer（正確答案）Whatisthetextmainlyabout?（）［單選題］*TheactofRosaParksgaverisetoamovement.（正確答案）Pretzerwitnessedtheoutbreakofthebusboycott.TheMontgomeryprotestendedthesegregationlaw.MartinLutherKingledthecivilrightmovement.BHundredsofthousandsofhearing-impairedpeopleintheUnitedStatesrelyonAmericansignlanguageforcommunication.Butpopularasitis,therearemillionsofpeoplewithnormalhearingthatareunabletofigureoutthehandandfingergestures.Thatmaychangesoonthankstotheclever“SignAloud”glovethattransformssignlanguageintospeech.TheglovesarethebrainchildofThomasandAzodi.Theinventorsarefirmbelieversthattheabilitytocommunicateisafundamentalhumanrightandthatthoseunabletohearorspeak,faceasignificantdisadvantageinlife.Butthoughtherehavebeenmanyattemptstobridgethecommunicationsgap,thesolutionsaresimplytooawkwardtobeoperatedonalargescale.ThelightweightandcomfortableSignAloudgloveisequippedwithaseriesofsensorsthatmeasurethemovementandpositionofthehandsasapersonissigning.ABluetoothdevicesendstheinformationtoacomputer,whichtriestomatchthegesturewithaoneinitsdatabase.Assoonastheexactmatchislocated,it“speaks”therelevantwordsorphrasethroughaspeaker.Thoughstillinprototypephase（原型階段），theglovesseemtohaveimpressedeventheexperts.OnApril12,itwontheinventorstheoutstandingStudentPrize.FoundedbyMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyin1994，theawardthatcomeswitha$10，000USDcashprize，celebratescollegiatestudentswhoseinventionshavethepotentialtoimpactkeyareasoftheglobaleconomy.Universitystudentscansubmitentriesinoneoffourcategories:“Cureit!”,“Driveit!”,“Eatit!”or“Useit!.”PryorandAzodiwontophonorsinthe"Useit"categorywhichrecognizestechnologybasedinventionsthathavethepotentialtoimproveconsumerproducts.Inadditiontousingtheglovetoenablethehearingimpairedtocommunicatemoreefficiently，theinventorsfancyseveralothercommercialapplications.TheseincludeusingthemtoteachASLlanguageaswellasforcommunicatingwithpatientsrecoveringfromweakeningillnesses.WhydidtheinventorsseeaneedfortheSignAloudglove?（）［單選題］*TodayhundredsofthousandsofpeopleintheUnitedStatesarehearing-impaired.ManypeoplewithgoodhearinghavedifficultyinlearningAmericansignlanguage.Thehearing-impairedandthosewithnormalhearinghaveacommunicationbarrier.（正確答案）Thereisanurgentneedtochangethemedicalconditionsofthehearing-impaired.InParagraph3，theauthortriestotellus.（）［單選題］*howtheSignAloudgloveworks（正確答案）wheretheSignAloudgloveisplacedwhytheSignAloudglovewearseasilywhattheSignAloudgloveismadeupofItcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.（）［單選題］*theinventionisunfittouseonalargescalebecauseofitscostthosesubmittingentriescanwintheoutstandingstudentprizehearing-impairmentwillbecuredverysoonwiththeinventionthetwostudentsexpecttheirinventiontocomeontothemarket（正確答案）CWhenwelookatalovelybaby,apuppyorarallycutekittenmanyofuswanttosqueezeit.Whyisthat?AccordingtoastudypublishedinthejournalFrontiersinBehavioralNeuroscience,it'satypicalexperienceof“cuteaggression”.Theexperienceresultsfromthefightbetweenthebrain's“emotionsystem”,whichimpels（驅(qū)使）peopletosqueezecutethings,andits“rewardsystem”whichdealswithfeelingsof“wanting”.Inthestudy,54participantsbetweentheagesof18and40werepresentedwithfourgroupsofphotos.Twoofthegroupsofphotoswereofcutehumanbabiesandanimalsandtheothertwowereoflessadorableadulthumansandanimals.Astheparticipantslookedatthephotos,theresearcherswatchedtheirbrainactivities.Accordingtotheresearchers,theparticipantsrewardsystemswerefoundtobeactiveastheylookedatthecutebabies,andtheyseemedtobeoverwhelmed（征服的）.Bycontrast,therewardsystemsofthepeoplelookingatthelesscuteadultswerefoundtobeinactive,andtheyseemedtobelessimpelledbytheirrewardsystems.Thissuggeststhatcutethingsactivatetheiremotionsystemsinsuchawaythatpeopleareoverwhelmedbytheexperienceofcuteness.Butrewardsystemsworkagainsttheseemotionsbycreatingthedesiretoprotectcutethings.AsKatherineStavropoulos,theleadresearcherofthisstudyattheUniversityofCaliforniaintheUStoldScienceAlert,“Thecuteaggressionisthebrain'swayof‘bringingusbackdown'bybalancingourfeelingsofbeingoverwhelmed.”Stavropouloscomparedthisprocessofbalancingtoanevolutionaryadaptation.Suchanadaptationmayhavetakenplacetoensurethatpeopleareabletocontinuetakingcareofcreaturestheyconsiderparticularlycute.So,althoughcutebabiesandadorableanimalsmaylookcompletelyhelpless,theirvulnerable（易受傷害的）appearancemayinfacthelpthemtosurvive.Accordingtothetext,“cuteaggression”refersto.（）［單選題］*theemotionofwantingtoprotectcutethingsthetaskofemotionsystemandrewardsystemtheadaptationofconsistentlytakingcareofcutecreaturesthebehaviorofsqueezingacutebabyoranimalwhenseeingit（正確答案）Innature,“cuteaggression”iscausedby.（）［單選題］*theneedofthebraintobalanceallfeelingsthephotosofcutehumanbabiesandanimalsthevulnerableappearanceofbabiesoranimalstheconflictbetweenemotionsystemandrewardsystem（正確答案）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthestudyisTRUE?（）［單選題］*Facialexpressionsoftheparticipantswereobserved.KatherineStavropoulosconductedthisstudyonherown.Cutebabiesandanimalsaffectedbrainactivitiesofalltheparticipants.（正確答案）Theparticipantsweredividedintotwogroupsinordertomakecomparison.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext?（）［單選題］*Topersuadereaderstoprotectcuteanimals.Tostressthesignificanceofcuteaggression.Topresentresearchfindingsoncuteaggression.（正確答案）Toshareaninterestingphenomenonwithreaders根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空自處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoPlanaHolidayTrip31Whetherit'stograndma'shouse,afamilyreunionorsimplyaholidaygetaway,theseyearlyroadtripscanoftenbethesourceofdreadandstress.Thethoughtofbeingtrappedinthecarwithrestlesschildrenorthepossibilityofcartroublealongthewayisenoughtomakeanyoneconsiderstayinghome.32Planouttherouteforyourcartrip.Ifyou'replanningondrivingtoyourholidaydestination,alittleplanningcanhelpmakeyourtripeasyanduneventful.33Remember,it'slikelythatyouwon'tbetheonlypersonontheroadduringtheholidays,andtrafficisalwaysafactor.Alternateroutesorshortcutscanhelpreducetimespentintrafficjamsandgetyoutoyourdestinationsooner.Thisinformationcanalsocomeinhandyincaseofroadconstructionorothersituationsthatmightblockyourprimaryroute.34Althoughtravelingbyaircanbequickandconvenient,itcanalsobemuchmoreexpensive.Startplanningyourtripearlytotakeadvantageofadvancepurchasediscountsandavoidsoldoutflights.Manyairlinesbecomeextremelybusyduringtheholidayssobookinginadvancecanalsohelpensurethatyougettheflightsthatyouwant.HightrafficdestinationssuchasNewYork,LosAngelesorAtlantacanbeextremelycrowdedduringtheholidays.Ifyouhavetheoption,considerbookingyourflighttoanearbyairportandrentingacarfortheshortdrivetoyourdestination.Consideryourluggageneeds.Ifyou'retravelingbycar,theissueofluggageisonlyimportantwithregardstotheamountofroomneeded.Beforeyoubeginpacking,thinkabouthowmanypeoplewillbeinyourvehicleandhowmuchroomtheywillneedtotravelcomfortably.Thiscouldaffectthenumberofbagsthatyoucantakealong.35Notonlyisthepossibilityoflostluggageanissue,butmostairlinesnowchargeextraforcheckedbaggage.Forafamilyoffour,carryingafewbagseachcouldresultinseveralhundreddollarsworthofbaggagefeesduringyourtrip.Trytopackaslightlyaspossible.（）［單選題］*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.Bookairlinetickets.Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,（正確答案）Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.（）［單選題］*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.（正確答案）Bookairlinetickets.Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.（）［單選題］*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.Bookairlinetickets.Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.（正確答案）（）［單選題］*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.Bookairlinetickets.（正確答案）Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.（）［單選題］*Asanalternativetodrivingorflying,checkintothepossibilityoftravelingbytrain.Planyourtriptoavoidpeaktraveltimes.Luckily,withalittleplanning,thesesituationscanbeavoided.Bookairlinetickets.Eachyear,millionsofpeopleloadupthefamilycarandsetoutonaholidaytrip,Fortravelingbyair,thenumberofbagsthatyoutakeisamuchbiggerconcern.（正確答案）Consideryourstartingpointanddesireddestination,andinvestigateseveralpossibleroutes.完形填空Attitudeisn'qtuiteeverythingwhenitcomestobeingsuccessful,butattitudeplaysapartineverystageofyourlife.Apoorattitudegetsmorepeople36thananyothersinglefactor,andagoodattitudegetspeoplejobsandhelpsthem37thosejobsmorethananyotherfactor.Yourattitude38manypeople,fromyourfamilytothestrangeronthestreetcorner.Yourattitudeisparticularlyimportantwhenyou39seeminglyhopelesssituations.Losingajoborafriendbecauseofapoorattitudeis40.Youcanfindatleasttwo41tolookateverything.Apessimistlooksfordifficultyintheopportunity,whileanoptimistlooksforopportunityinthedifficulty.Apoetoflongagoputthe42betweenoptimismandpessimismthisway:Twomen43outfromprisonbars---onesawmud;theothersawstars.Unfortunately,manypeoplelookonlyatthe44andnotattheopportunitythatlieswithintheproblem.Many45complainaboutthedifficultyoftheirjobs,forexample,notrealizingthatifthejobwere46,theemployerwouldhiresomeonewithlessabilityatalowerwage.Asmallcoincanhideeventhesunifyouholdthecoincloseenoughtoyour47.Sowhenyougettooclosetoyourproblems,to48objectivelyaboutthem,tryto49howyourvisioncanbe50.Takeastepback,andlookatthesituationfromanewangle.Youcan'tdoanythingtochangethefactthataproblem51,butyoucandoagreatdealtofindtheopportunitywithinthatproblem.You're52abettertomorrowbydoingyourbesttodayand53aplanofactionforthetomorrowsthatlieahead.54,justrememberto55apositivementalattitude.（）［單選題］*hiredfired（正確答案）employedengaged答案解析:Bo差的態(tài)度會使人失去工作，而好的態(tài)度能使人得到工作。（）［單選題］*offersupplykeep（正確答案）create答案解析：C。好的態(tài)度使人得到工作，并幫助他們保持他們的工作。（）［單選題］*affects（正確答案）costsmakestrains答案解析:A。好的態(tài)度影響很多人。（）［單選題］*losepredictjudgeface（正確答案）答案解析:D。當你面對表面上看來絕望的局面。（）［單選題］*unfortunate（正確答案）unnecessaryinconvenientimpossible答案解析:A。由于態(tài)度差而失去工作或朋友是令人遺憾的（）［單選題］*desiresways（正確答案）spiritssolutions答案解析:B?？慈魏问虑槟憧赡軙业街辽賰煞N方法。（）［單選題］*importanceC.necessitysimilaritydifference（正確答案）答案解析:D。很久前的一位詩人曾用這種方法來闡述樂觀主義和悲觀主義之間的差異。（）［單選題］*looked（正確答案）glaredcelebratedconcluded答案解析:Aolookout意為“往外看”。（）［單選題］*everythingsituationproblem（正確答案）possibility答案解析:Co不幸的是很多人只看到問題本身。（）［單選題］*employersemployees（正確答案）bossessecretaries答案解析:Bo很多員工抱怨他們工作的難度（）［單選題］*simple（正確答案）toughdifficultinteresting答案解析:Ao沒有意識到如果工作簡單，老板就會雇傭其他人。（）［單選題］*earnoseeye（正確答案）mouth答案解析:C。如果把一個硬幣湊近眼睛。（）［單選題］*worryignoreadmitthink（正確答案）答案解析:D。如果你太接近問題，為了客觀地考慮問題，盡力記住你的視線（或想象）可能會被擋住。（）［單選題］*keepinmind（正確答案）keepintouchgetridofdoawaywith答案解析:Ao同上。（）［單選題］*observedblocked（正確答案）imagineddoubted答案解析:同上（）［單選題］*appearsworksexists（正確答案）contains答案解析:Co你做不了任何事情來改變問題存在的事實（）［單選題］*guaranteed（正確答案）persuadedsatisfiedconvinced答案解析:A。通過當下努力和制定明天的行動計劃，你保證會有一個更好的明天。（）［單選題］*strugglingdeveloping（正確答案）dreamingbalancing答案解析:Bo同上。（）［單選題］*InthisrespectIncontrastInotherwordsInaword（正確答案）答案解析:D.總之，記住保持積極的精神狀態(tài)。（）［單選題］*consideramuseoccupymaintain（正確答案）答案解析:Do同上。閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theworldoffashionseemsfarawayfromusmiddleschoolstudents.56.AyaDixon,15,wasluckyenoughtohaveaclose57.（connect）tothefashionindustrybeforeitfinallybecame58.dreamjob.OnOct8,togetherwithnineotherstudentsfromBaltimoreDesignSchool,US,Dixon59.（attend）theWhiteHouse'fsirsteverFashionEducationWorkshop.There,studentshadthechance60.（talk）withAnnaWintour,editor-in-chiefofthefashionmagazineVogue,andmanyotherfamousdesigners.60.（lead）byAmericanfirstladyMichelleObama,theworkshopfocusedontopicssuchasinspiration,wearabletechnologyandclothingconstruction.AccordingtoWhiteHouseofficials,thegoaloftheeventwasto“showyoungpeople62.ittakestosucceedinthefashionindustry.”“Fashionisnotjust63.catwalks（時裝表演臺）andredcarpets,”thefirstladytoldstudentsduringalunchtimespeech.Shesaidthatrealfashionistheproductofalong,complicatedanddifficultprocess,asshehaslearnedworkingwithmanydesigners.Likemany64.students,Dixonalsogotthechancetotalktoherdesigneridols.“Ihadareallyfuntime65.（interview）ZacPosen,”saidDixon.FromthefamousdesignerandfounderoffashionbrandZacPosen,Dixonlearnedhowtosewand“buildfromherheart”.［填空題］*（答案：But）［填空題］（答案：connection）［填空題］（答案：her）［填空題］（答案：attended）［填空題］（答案：totalk）［填空題］（答案：Led）［填空題］（答案：what）［填空題］（答案：about）［填空題］（答案：other）［填空題］（答案：interviewing）寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）假定你是學(xué)生會主席李華，學(xué)生會舉辦了英語戲劇節(jié)（EnglishDramaFestival），得到了外教MissBrown的大力幫助?；顒訄A滿結(jié)束后，請給她寫一封感謝信。內(nèi)容包括：表達感謝；外教的幫助；同學(xué)的收獲。注意：詞數(shù)80左右;可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。［填空題］答案解析：DearMissBrown,I'mwritingtoexpressmysinceregratitudeforyourkindhelpintheschoolEnglishDramaFestival,whichhasturnedouttobeanamazingsuccess.It'ssoniceofyoutohaveofferedusaclassofpresentationskillsandbasicstagetechniques.Underyourprofessionalguidance,theparticipantsgavesuchanimpressiveperformance.Somestudentsovercamethefearofactinginfrontofaudienceandgainedtremendousconfidence.Othersdevelopedcommunicationskillsandknewhowtocooperateinateam.Mostimportantly,thisactivityhasfueledourpassionforEnglishdrama.Manythanksforyourtimeandsupport.Yours,第二節(jié)概要寫作（滿分25分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。WorkisaveryimportantpartoflifeintheUnitedStates.Whentheearlyimmigrantscametothiscountry,theybroughttheideathatworkwasthewaytoGodandheaven.ThisattitudestillinfluencesAmericatoday.Workisnotonlyimportantforthesalary,butalsoforsocialandpsychologicalworking,beingproductive.FormostAmericans,theyarewhattheydo.Whathap