上海高考英語選詞填空專項練習(xí)

SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.accurateB.alterationC.averageD.calculatesE.concealF.enormouslyG.initialH.intervalsI.merelyJ.multiplyK.predictionBeyondtwoorthreedays,theworld’sbestweatherforecastsarebasedonguesswork,andbeyondsixorseventheyareworthless.TheButterflyEffectisthereason.Forsmallpiecesofweather—andtoaglobalforecaster,smallcanmeanthunderstormsandsnowstorms—any___41___failsrapidly.Errorsanduncertainties___42___,gatheringupwardthroughachainofunstablefeatures,fromdustdevils(塵旋風(fēng))andwindstormsuptocontinent-sizeeddies(旋風(fēng))___43___satellitescansee.Themodernweathermodelsworkwithanetworkofpointsoftheorderofsixtymilesapart,andevenso,some___44___datahastobeguessed,sincegroundstationsandsatellitescannotseeeverywhere.Butsupposetheearthcouldbecoveredwithsensorsspacedonefootapart,risingatone-foot___45___allthewaytothetopoftheatmosphere.Supposeeverysensorgivesperfectly___46___readingsoftemperature,pressure,dampness,andanyotherquantityameteorologist(氣象工作者)wouldwant.Exactlyatnoona(n)___47___powerfulcomputertakesallthedataand___48___whatwillhappenateachpointat12.01,then12.02,then12.03…ThecomputerwillstillbeunabletopredictwhetherPrinceton,NewJersey,willhavesunorrainonadayonemonthaway.Atnoonthespacesbetweenthesensorswill___49___alterationsthatthecomputerwillnotknowabout,tinyvariationsfromthe___50___.By12.01,thosealterationswillalreadyhavecreatedsmallerrorsonefootaway.Soontheerrorswillhavemultipliedtotheten-footscale,andsoonuptothesizeoftheglobe.Keys:41-45KJIGH46-50AFDECSectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.countlessB.exhaustedC.comparisonD.essentialE.estimatesF.distinctiveG.relativelyH.clearedI.unfortunatelyJ.recycledK.restrictsRainforests,foundinEarth’stemperateandtropical(熱帶的)zones,aresomeofthemostbiologicallyvariedecosystemsontheplanet.Allrainforestssharecertain___41___features,includingaclosedcanopy,thedensevegetationofthetopbranchesthatformsaroofabovetheforestfloor,adampandwarmclimate,and___42___constanttemperaturesthroughouttheyear.Mostoftheforest’sinsectandanimallifegrowswellinthecanopy’sleafyandsunlitenvironment.Theforest’sgroundcover,bycomparison,issmall.Lessthan2percentofthesun’slightmakesitswaythroughthecanopyandthedarknessbelow.Thisdarkness,alongwiththepoorqualityofthesoils,___43___plantgrowth.Rainforestsarea(n)___44___partofEarth’stotalecology.Hugeamountsofwaterareabsorbedintotreerootsand___45___intotheatmospherefromthetreeleavesthroughaprocesscalledtranspiration(蒸發(fā)).Treerootsalsofixthesoilinplaceandslowtherunoffofrainsintoriversandoceans.Throughtheprocessofphotosynthesis(光合作用),rainforestsabsorbmorecarbondioxideandgiveoffmoreoxygenthananyotherecosystem.Therainforestsare___46___shrinkingatarapidrateasaresultoftheprofitableventuresoffarming,logging,andmining.Whentropicalrainforestsare___47___inordertoraisecattleandcrops,thenutrient-poorsoilsarequicklyF.frequentlyG.reactionsH.alternativeI.interestinglyJ.propertiesK.mixingNotsofarinthedistantpastastudyonwaterpollutionfoundthatcommon,everydaymakeupproductsbeingwasheddownthedrainwasendingupinwellanddrinkingwater.Nowastudyhasfoundthatpeoplepollutethemselves.Manyofthepollutantsarelinkedtocancerandotherserioushealth41.What’sthekeycauseofthispollution?Commonhouseholditems,42，appeartobeusedmorebywomenthanmen.Theseincludemakeup,hairsprayandcommercial,chemically-madeperfumes.Theseareperfumesthatare43advertisedashavingsomesortofbeneficialeffectonthebodyandareevensuggestedasareplacementfornaturalessentialoils.Studiesontheeffectivenessoffragranceoilsandhealthbenefitshavebeen44,somethingneglectedtobementioned.Ifthechemicalscenthascancer-causingproperties,itmaynotmakesensetotryanduseitforhelpingyousleepor45yourbloodpressure.Manufacturersarguethattheriskisnon-existentasthelevelsofchemicalsfoundinthetestsweresosmall.However,withover60chemicalsbeingfound,manyofwhichwerenon-existentbeforetheturnofthecentury,researchersmakenotethatthesechemicalsmaybeenoughtocauseproblems. Sincetheproductsmentionedareoftenusedbywomen,itleavesonetowonderifconditions,46unheardofbeforetheturnofthecentury,arelinkedtoman-madechemicals?Perfumesinparticular,whenchemical,havebeenlinkedtoasthma(哮喘)andothersensitive47.Somegroupsareaskingthegovernmenttoordermanufacturerstoplace48labelsoneachbottle. Essentialoilsandrealfragranceoilsprovideawonderful49tocommercialfragrances.Theyalsohaveotherpropertiesandeffectsonthebodywhichhavebeenscientificallyproven.Inaddition,