英語專業(yè)語言學歷年真題試卷匯編范文

英語專業(yè)（語言學）歷年真題試卷匯編24(總分：94.00，做題時間：90分鐘)一、填空題(總題數(shù)：7，分數(shù)：14.00)1."Linguisticrelativity"wasproposedby1and2.(清華研)

（分數(shù)：2.00）填空項1:__________________

（對的答案：對的答案：Sapir）填空項1:__________________

（對的答案：Whorf）解析：解析：薩丕爾一沃爾夫假說認為，首先，語言可以決定我們的思維方式；另首先，語言之間的相似性是相對的，構造性差異越大，反應出對于世界認識的越不一樣。因此，這個假說也被稱作“語言決定論”和“語言相對主義”。2.Psycholinguisticsisabranchoflinguisticswhichisthestudyofpsychologicalaspectsoflanguage.Asaninterdisciplinaryacademicfield,itinvestigatesthefollowingmajorsubjects;1,2and3.

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（對的答案：對的答案：acquisition）填空項1:__________________

（對的答案：comprehension）填空項1:__________________

（對的答案：production）解析：解析：心理語言學作為語言學的一種分支，是從心理學的角度來研究語言，重要包括語言習得，語言理解和語言產(chǎn)生。3.A1languageisoriginallyapidginthathasbecomeestablishedasanativelanguageinsomespeechcommunity.

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（對的答案：對的答案：creole）解析：解析：當皮欽語得到發(fā)展不再是作為交易的語言，而成為一種社會群體的第一語言時，它就成為克里奧爾語。由皮欽語轉變成為克里奧爾語的過程就稱作克里奧爾語化。4.Alinguistic1referstoawordorexpressionthatisprohibitedbythe"polite"societyfromgeneraluse.

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（對的答案：對的答案：taboo）解析：解析：禁忌語是由于宗教、政治或性別原因而防止使用的詞匯，一般被委婉語所替代。5.Tabooand1aretwofacesofthesamecommunicationcoin.

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（對的答案：對的答案：euphemism）解析：解析：禁忌語是由于宗教、政治或性別原因而防止使用的詞匯，一般被委婉語所替代。委婉語是用一詞替代比較唐突的令人不快的另一詞的體現(xiàn)措施。他們是同一交流過程的兩個方面。6.Languageitselfisnotsexist,butitsusemayreflectthe1attitudeconnotedinthelanguagethatissexist.

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（對的答案：對的答案：social）解析：解析：語言自身是不存在性別歧視的，但當語言被不一樣的人使用時，則會反應出社會中存在的性別歧視現(xiàn)象。7.AsCarterandSimpson(1989)observedthat"ifthe1960swasadecadeofformalisminstylistics,the1970sadecadeoffunctionalism,andthe1980sadecadeof1stylistics".(中山大學研)

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（對的答案：對的答案：discourse）解析：解析：正如CarterandSimpson認為的那樣，假如說20世紀60年代是形式主義文體學，70年代是功能主義文體學，那么80年代就是話語文體學。二、判斷題(總題數(shù)：4，分數(shù)：8.00)8.Ifachildisdeprivedoflinguisticenvironment,heorsheisunlikelytolearnalanguagesuccessfullylateron.

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A.真

√

B.假解析：解析：假如一種孩子失去了語言環(huán)境，他或她是不也許成功地學好一種語言的。9.Whenchildrenlearntodistinguishbetweenthesoundsoftheirlanguageandthesoundsthatarenotpartofthelanguage,theycanacquireanysoundsintheirnativelanguageoncetheirparentsteachthem.

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A.真

B.假

√解析：解析：不管孩子們生活在何種語言環(huán)境中，他們首先獲得的是世上所有語言的普遍性知識，之后他們才會學習更為復雜的語言。10.Languagereflectssexisminsociety.Languageitselfisnotsexist,justasitisnotobscene;butitcanconnotesexistattitudesaswellasattitudesaboutsocialtaboosorracism.

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A.真

√

B.假解析：解析：語言可以反應出社會的性別歧視現(xiàn)象，但語言自身并無性別歧視意義，語言可以體現(xiàn)出人們對性別的態(tài)度及對某些禁忌語和種族歧視的態(tài)度。11.AccordingtothestrongversionoftheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,speaker'sperceptionsdeterminelanguageandpatterntheirwayoflife.

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A.真

B.假

√解析：解析：根據(jù)薩丕爾一沃爾夫假說的強勢版本，語言決定了說話者的感知能力和生活模式，而非說話者的感知能力決定了語言和生活模式。三、單項選擇題(總題數(shù)：4，分數(shù)：8.00)12.______isdefinedasaconsciousprocessofaccumulatingknowledgeofasecondlanguageusuallyobtainedinschoolsettings.

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A.Competence

B.Performance

C.Learning

√

D.Acquisition解析：解析：在學校里，通過故意識的學習而學到第二語言的的過程叫做學習，這不一樣于小朋友不自覺地自然的言語習得過程。13.______arelanguagevarietiesappropriateforuseinparticularspeechsituations.

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A.Slang

B.Addressterms

C.Registers

√

D.Educationvarieties解析：解析：語域是特殊人群使用的言語變體，一般指具有相似職業(yè)或具有同樣愛好的人。某一語域一般具有自己某些獨特的詞匯或使用詞或短語的特殊方式，而使其與其他語域辨別開來。14.______referstoamarginallanguageoffewlexicalitemsandstraightforwardgrammaticalrules,usedasamediumofcommunication.

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A.Linguafranca

B.Creole

C.Pidgin

√

D.Standardlanguage解析：解析：皮欽語不是任何人的母語，是在交往聯(lián)絡的狀況下(例如交易)學習的語言變體。15.Insociolinguisticstudies,speakerareregardedasmembersofsocialgroups,thesocialgroupthatissingledoutforanyspecialstudyiscalled______.

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A.thespeechcommunity

√

B.thelinguisticgroup

C.thelinguisticcommunity

D.thespeechvarietygroup解析：解析：在社會語言學中，語言使用者都被看作是社會的組員。而具有相似的語言認同或至少共享一種語言變體的人群可稱作語言小區(qū)。四、簡答題(總題數(shù)：13，分數(shù)：26.00)16.Eskimoshavemanydifferentwordsfordifferenttypesofsnow,Aboriginesfordifferenttypesofsand,andinArabiconemustchoosefromawholerangeofwordswhicharesubsumedundertheWesterncategoryCAMEL.Canyouexplainthesephenomenawithyourlinguisticknowledge?(北航研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Thesephenomenacanbeexplainedfromthefollowingperspectives:(1)Thesephenomenashowarelationshipbetweenlanguageandsociety.Languagechangesfromregiontoregion,fromonesocialgrouptoanotherandfromindividualtoindividual.Thelivingenvironmentmakesgreatimpactonthechangesoflanguage.AsEskimoarealwayslivinginanenvironmentofasnowworld,theyhavemadeagoodcognitiontosnowandclassifieditindifferenttypes.Humanuselanguagetodescribetheworldtheyhavecognized.(2)ThesephenomenacanbeexplainedfromtheSapir-WhorfHypothesis.Thishypothesissuggeststhat:ourlanguagehelpsmouldourwayofthinkingand,consequently,differentlanguagesmayprobablyexpressspeaker'suniquewaysofunderstandingtheworld.SoEskimos'sdifferentwordsfordifferenttypesofsnowreflecttheirdifferentwaystounderstandsnow.)解析：17.Whatislinguisticdeterminism?(北航研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Linguisticdeterminism,isoneofthetwopointsofSapir-WhorfHypothesis,andhasdevelopedintothestrongversionofthishypothesis.Itcouldbesummarizedasfollows:(1)One'sthinkingiscompletelydeterminedbyhisnativelanguagebecauseonecannotbutperceivetheworldintermsofthecategoriesanddistinctionsencodedinthelanguage.(2)Thecategoriesanddistinctionsencodedinonelanguagesystemareuniquetothatsystemandincommensurablewiththoseofothersystems.Therefore,thefollowingstatementcouldrepresentthishypothesis"IfAristotlehadspokenChinese,hislogicwouldhavebeendifferent".)解析：18.WhatdoyouthinkoftheSapir-WhorfHypothesis?(西安外國語學院研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Sapir-Whorfhypothesisconsistsoftwoparts:linguisticdeterminismandlinguisticrelativity.Linguisticdeterminism,orthestrongversion,hasbeencriticizedforitsexcessiveconcernwithsurfacestructuresofindividuallanguages.Infact,alllanguagesarefundamentalofthesameuniversalhumancharacter,includingthelexico-semanticandsyntacticcomponentsoflanguageandallnormalhumanbeingsaregiftedwiththesamelinguisticfacultyandcognitivecapacity.Theflawsofthathypothesiscanberevealedthroughthefollowinganalysis.(1)Differentgrammaticalstructuresdonotmeanthatspeakersofdifferentlanguagesdifferinthinkinglogicorreasoning.(2)Equivalenttranslationisalwayspossibleinspiteofthefactthatinpracticetherearehardlyanypeopleinperfectcontroloftwogeneticallydifferentlanguages.(3)Peoplewhohavegoodcommandoftwogenetic-unrelatedlanguagesdonothave"doubleminds"ordonothavetochangetheirthinkinglogicwhenspeakingforeigntongue.)解析：19.Whatwillyousaytoastatementlike"ourlanguageisourculture"?(四川大學研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Thisstatementrevealsafactthatlanguageispartoftheculture.Cultureisthetotalpatternofbeliefs,customs,institutions,objectsandtechniquesthatcharacterizethelifeofaparticularsociety.Itisregardedasacarrierofculture,becausewithoutlanguageculturewouldbeimpossible.Languageistheprincipalmeanbywhichcultureispasseddown.Languageisthesymbolicrepresentationofapeople,anditcomprisestheirhistoricalandculturalbackgroundsaswellastheirapproachtolifeandtheirwaysoflivingandthinking.Peopleuselanguageforthesakeofcommunication,butlanguageitselfcannotfulfilthetaskofcommunicationwithouttheculturesystembehindthelanguage.Languageisaproductofoursociallife.)解析：20.HowwouldyoucommentonSapir-Whorfhypothesis?(北航研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Thishypothesissuggeststhatourlanguagewillmouldourviewoftheworld.Thehypothesishastwoimportantpoints,linguisticdeterminism—languagemaydetermineourthinkingpatternsandlinguisticrelativity—similaritybetweenlanguageisrelative,thegreatertheirstructualdifferentiationis,themorediversetheirconceptualizationoftheworldwillbe.Thus,twoversionsoftheSapir-whorfhypothesishavebeendeveloped,astrongversionandaweakversion.Thestrongversionofthetheoryemphasizesthedecisiveroleoflanguageastheshaperofourthinkingpatterns.Theweakversionofthehypothesis,however,isamodifiedtypeofitsoriginaltheory,suggestingthatthereisacorrelationbetweenlanguage,cultureandthought,butthecross-culturedifferencesthusproducedinourwaysofthinkingarerelativeratherthancategorical.)解析：21.Whydoweneedtoteachcultureinourlanguageclassroom?(四川大學研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Languagehasacloserelationshipwithculture.Languageisanindispensiblecarrierofcultureandculturefindsabetterrepresentationthroughlanguageuse.Whenitcomestolanguageteachingandlearning,theinfluenceofculturalknowledgeonthelinguisticperformanceoflanguagelearnershasbeenidentifiedandhighlighted.Ithasrepeatedlybeenfoundthatlearnerswholacksufficientknowledgeaboutthetargetculturecanhardlybecomeactiveandappropriatelanguageusersintheirtargetlanguage.Forthesereasons,theinformationconcerningculturaldifferenceshasrightlybeenintroducedinlanguageclassroomsofdifferentkindsofenhancinglearners'culturalconsciousnessandimprovingtheirperformanceincross-culturalcontextsofcommunication.Soweneedtoteachcultureinourlanguageclassroom.)解析：22.Whataresociolinguisticsofsocietyandsociolinguisticsoflanguage?(武漢大學研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Ifwewanttoknowmoreaboutagivensocietyorcommunitybyexaminingthelinguisticbehaviorofitsmembers,wearedoingasociolinguisticstudyofsociety.Thatis,wearedoingsociolinguisticsatamacrolevelofinvestigation.Atthislevelofdiscussion,thingsthatweareinterestedinincludebilingualismormultilingualism,languageattitudes,languagechoice,languagemaintenanceandshift,languageplanningandstandardization,vernacularlanguageeducation,andsoon.Ontheotherhand,ifwewanttoknowmoreaboutsomelinguisticvariationsinlanguageusebyturningtopotentialsocio-culturalfactorsforadescriptionandexplanation,wearedoingasociolinguisticstudyoflanguage.Consequently,wearemoreinterestedinexaminingmicrolinguisticphenomenasuchasstructuralvariants,addressforms,genderdifferences,discourseanalysis,PidginandCreolelanguages,andothermorelanguagerelatedissues.)解析：23.Itisclaimedinsociolinguisticsthatyouarewhatyousay.Howwouldyoucommentonthistheoreticalclaim?(武漢大學2011年研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Everyonespeaksdifferently.Apersonaldialectofanindividualspeakercombineselementsregardingregional,social,gender,andagevariations.Inotherwords,anindividualspeaker'sregionalandsocialbackground,his/hergenderandagejointlydeterminethewayhe/shetalks.Fromthispoint,wecanclaimthat"Youarewhatyousay".Followingthisclaim,wemayexpandthescopeofourobservationbyintroducingsomesocialfactorsthatarebelievedtoinfluenceourlanguagebehaviorinasocialcontext.Amongthesefactors,somemajoronesincludea)class;b)gender;c)age;d)ethnicidentity;e)educationbackground,f)occupation,andg)religiousbelief.Inourdailyspeaking,thepotentialselectionoflinguisticformscanreflecttheabovefactors,whichdetermineouridentities.Forexample,womenusemore"fancy"colortermssuchas"mauve"and"beige";uselesspowerfulcursewords;usemoreintensifierssuchas"terrible"and"awful";usemoretagquestions.Ontheotherhand,yourwayofspeaking,tosomeextent,reflectyouridentity.(本題為開放式題目，圍繞自語言與社會及文化之間的關系論述自己對這句話的觀點即可))解析：24.InChinesetonechangesareusedinthewaythataffectsthemeaningsofindividualwords.(中山大學2011年研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Tonesarepitchvariations,whicharecausedbythedifferingratesofvibrationofthevocalcords.Pitchvariationscandistinguishmeaningjustlikephonemes;therefore,thetoneisasuprasegmentalfeature.Themeaning-distinctivefunctionofthetoneisespeciallyimportantinwhatwecalltonelanguages.Englishisnotatonelanguage.Chineseisatypicaltonelanguage.Ithasfourtones.Thefirsttoneislevel(陰平),thesecondrise(陽平),thethirdfallrise(上聲),andthefourthfall(去聲).Theroleofthetonecanbewellillustratedbypronouncingthesamesoundcombinationsuchas[pa]inthefourdifferenttonesandhavedifferentmeanings;(八)Highlevel'eight'(拔)Highrising'pullout'(靶)Lowfallingrising'target'(壩)Highfalling'dam')解析：25.Whatdistinction,ifany,canyoudrawbetweenbilingualismanddiglossia?

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對的答案：(對的答案：Bilingualismreferstoalinguisticsituationinwhichtwostandardlanguagesareusedinaspeechcommunity;whereasinadiglossiacommunity,twovarietiesoflanguageareusedfordifferentsituations,onebeingmorestandardandhigher,andusedformoreformalmatters,andtheotherlessprestigious,andusedforcolloquialsituations.)解析：26.Howdothespeechofwomenandthespeechofmendifferfromeachother?

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對的答案：(對的答案：Womentendtousemoreprestigiousforms,morepoliteandindirectlanguage,moretagquestions,lesspowerfulcursewords,morestatementquestions,andmorespecificcolortermsthantheirmalecounterparts.Inmixed-gendergroups,atpublicgatherings,andinmanyinformalconversations,menspendmoretimetalkingthandowomen.Forexample,inoneexperiment,themenwithexpertisetalkedlongerthanthewomenwithexpertise.Meninitiatemoreinteractionthandowomen.)解析：27.Describetheprocessoflanguageperception,comprehensionandproduction.

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對的答案：(對的答案：Fromtheperspectiveofpsycholinguisticanalysis,languageuseintermsofperception,comprehensionandproductionfollowsacertainpatternwhichinvolvesthecoordinationofvariouslanguagecenters.Whenwespeak,wordsaredrawnfromWernicke'sareaandtransferredtoBroca'sarea,whichdeterminesthedetailsoftheirformsandpronunciations.Theappropriateinstructionsarethensenttothemotorareawhichcontrolsthevocaltracttophysicallyarticulatethewords.Whenwehearsomethingandtrytocomprehendit,thestimulusfromtheauditorycortexistransmittedtoWernicke'sarea,whereitistheninterpreted.Whenweperceiveavisualimage,amessageissenttotheangulargyrus,whereitisconvertedintoavisualpattern.)解析：28.WhatisSapir-Whorfhypothesis?

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對的答案：(對的答案：Itisabeliefthatourlanguagehelpsmouldourwayofthinkingand,consequently,differentlanguagesmayprobablyexpressouruniquewaysofunderstandingtheworld.Ontheonehand,languagemaydetermineourthinkingpatterns;ontheother,similaritybetweenlanguagesrelative,thegreatertheirstructuraldifferentiationis,themorediversetheirconceptualizationoftheworldwillbe.AsthishypothesiswasstronglyputforwardbytheAmericananthropologicallinguistsSapirandWhorf,ithasoftenbeencalledtheSapir-Whorfhypothesis.)解析：五、名詞解釋(總題數(shù)：12，分數(shù)：24.00)29.Linguisticrelativity(四川大學研；人大研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Linguisticrelativity:ThisisoneoftwopointsinSapir-Whorfhypothesis.Itstatesthatsimilaritybetweenlanguagesisrelative,thegreatertheirstructuraldifferentiationis,themorediversetheirconceptualizationoftheworldis.Forexample,noteverylanguagehasthesamesetofwordsforthecolors;inSpanishthereisnowordthatcorrespondstotheEnglishmeaningof"blue".)解析：30.Sapir-Whorfhypothesis(武漢大學研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Sapir-Whorfhypothesisconsistsoftwoparts:linguisticdeterminismandlinguisticrelativity.Linguisticdeterminismreferstothenotionthatalanguagedeterminescertainnonlinguisticcognitiveprocesses.Differentlanguagesofferpeopledifferentwaysofexpressingaround,theythinkandspeakdifferently.Linguisticrelativityreferstotheclaimthatthecognitiveprocessesthataredeterminedaredifferentfordifferentlanguages.Thus,speakersofdifferentlanguagesaresaidtothinkindifferentways.Thehypothesisisnowinterpretedmainlyintwodifferentways:astrongversionandaweakone.Thestrongversionbelievesthatthelanguagepatternsdeterminepeople'sthinkingandbehavior;theweakoneholdsthattheformerinfluencethelater.Sofar,manyresearchesandexperimentsconductedprovidesupporttotheweakversion.)解析：31.Linguisticdeterminism(上海交大研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Linguisticdeterminism,isoneofthetwopointsofSapir-Whorfhypothesis,andhasdevelopedintothestrongversionofthishypothesis.Itcouldbesummarizedasfollows:(1)One'sthinkingiscompletelydeterminedbyhisnativelanguagebecauseonecannotbutperceivetheworldintermsofthecategoriesanddistinctionsencodedinthelanguage.(2)Thecategoriesanddistinctionsencodedinonelanguagesystemareuniquetothatsystemandincommensurablewiththoseofothersystems.Therefore,thefollowingstatementcouldrepresentthishypothesis"IfAristotlehadspokenChinese,hislogicwouldhavebeendifferent".)解析：32.Interculturalcommunication(南開大學研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Interculturalcommunication:Interculturalcommunication,alsoknownascross-culturalcommunication,iscommunicationbetweenpeoplewhoseculturalperceptionsandsymbolssystemsaredistinctenoughtoalterthecommunicationevent.Itisfrequentlyusedtorefertocommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcultures,whichimpliesacomparisonbetweencultures.)解析：33.Cross-culturalcommunication(浙江大學研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Cross-culturalcommunicationisanexchangeofideas,information,etc,betweenpersonsfromdifferentculturalbackgrounds.Theculturalconventionsoftheparticipantsmaywidelydifferent,andmisinterpretationandmisunderstandingcaneasilyarise,evenleadingtoatotalcommunicationbreakdown.)解析：34.PidginsandCreoles

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對的答案：(對的答案：Apidginreferstoavarietyofalanguagethatisnotnativelanguageofanyone,butislearnedoncontactsituationssuchastrading.Whenapidgindevelopsbeyonditsroleasatradelanguageandbecomesthefirstlanguageofasocialcommunity,itbecomesaCreole.TheprocessbywhichapidginbecomesaCreoleiscalledcreolization.)解析：35.Speechcommunity(北外研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Speechcommunityisagroupofpeoplewhoshareasetofnormsandexpectationsregardingtheuseoflanguage.Speechcommunitiescanbemembersofaprofessionwithaspecializedjargon,distinctsocialgroupslikehighschoolstudentsorhip-popfans.Inaddition,onlineandothermediatedcommunities,suchasmanyinternetforums,oftenconstitutespeechcommunities.Membersofspeechcommunitieswilloftendevelopslangorjargontoservethegroup'sspecialpurposesandpriorities.)解析：36.Diglossia(南開大學研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Whentwolanguagesorlanguagevarietiesexisttogetherinacommunityandeachoneisusedfordifferentpurposes,thisiscalleddiglossia.Usually,themorestandardvarietycanbecalledthehighvarietyorH-variety,whichisusedingovernment,themedia,education,andforreligiousservices.Theotheroneisusuallyanon-prestigevariety,thelowvarietyorL-varietyusedinthefamily,withfriends,whenshopping,etc.)解析：37.Register(南開大學研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Itisaspeechvarietyusedbyaparticulargroupofpeople,usuallysharingthesameoccupation(e.g.doctors,lawyers)orthesameinterests.Aparticularregisteroftendistinguishesitselffromothersbyhavinganumberofdistinctivewords,byusingwordsorphrasesinaparticularway,andsometimesbyspecialgrammaticalconstructions(e.g.legallanguage).)解析：38.linguisticvariable(北外2011年研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Linguisticvariablesarethosewherethemeaningremainsconstantbutformvarieslikecatandpussyhavethesamesocialmeaningbutdifferentfrom.Sofaraspronunciationisconcernedhouse[h]andwith[h]hassamesocialmeaningwithdifferentpronunciations.Herevariablesarejustthetoolstoanalyzethelanguagetosetsocialdimensionalsociety.)解析：39.conversationalmaxim(南開大學2011年研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Conversationalmaxim:AconversationalmaximisanyoffourruleswhichwereproposedbyGrice1975,statingthataspeakerisassumedtomakeacontributionthatfollowsthefourmaimsofquantity,quality,relevanceandmanner.)解析：40.Blog(中山大學研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Blog,whichistheshortformofweblog,isdefinedbyDanGilmoreas"anonlinejournalcomprisedoflinksandpostingsinreversechronologicalorder,meaningthemostrecentpostingappearsatthetopofthepage".MatisseEnzer'sGlossaryofInternetTermsputsitthisway:Ablogisbasicallyajournalthatisavailableontheweb.Theactivityofupdatingablogis"Hogging"andsomeonewhokeepsablogisa"blogger."Blogsaretypicallyupdateddailyusingsoftwarethatallowspeoplewithlittleornotechnicalbackgroundtoupdateandmaintaintheblog.)解析：六、1舉例闡明題(總題數(shù)：7，分數(shù)：14.00)41.Somecommentsonthefollowingstatementbasedonyourownexperience:Thereexistsacloserelationshipbetweenlanguageandculture.Inotherwords,asuccessfulmasterofagivenlanguagehasmuchtodowithanunderstandingofthatculture.(武漢大學研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Languageuseisheavilytintedwithitsculture.Alanguagedoesnotonlyexpressesfacts,ideas,oreventswhichrepresentsimilarworldknowledgebyitspeople,butalsoreflectsthepeople'sattitudes,beliefs,worldoutlook,andsoon.Inaword,languageexpressesculturalreality.Todigitfurther,alanguage,asasystemofsignswiththeirownculturalsubstancesandvalues,maybeviewedasasymbolofsocialidentity.Peopleareidentifiedviatheiruseoflanguage.Inthissense,languagesymbolizesculturalreality.Ontheotherhand,aspeople'slanguageusesexpresstheculture,tobemorespecific,theircommunityculturerepresentedbyitssocialconventions,normsandsocialappropriateness,theculturebothemancipatesandconstrainspeoplesocially,historicallyandmetaphorically.Historically,eachculturehasitspastandtradition.Acultureconsistsbothofitswayshowasocialgrouprepresentsitself,itstechnologicalachievements,monumentsandworksofartandofitshistoricalidentityrecordedandpasseddownbythepopculture.Itislanguagethathasplayedamajorroleinsocializingthepeopleandinperpetuatingculture,especiallyinprintform.Inaddition,culturealsoaffectsitspeople'simaginationorcommondreamswhicharemediatedthroughthelanguageandreflectedintheirlife.Languageisnotonlyintrinsicallyrelatedtowhatthecultureisandwhatitwas,butalsorelatedtothecultureofimaginationgoverningpeople'sdecisionsaswellasactions.Theinterplaybetweenlanguageandculturemayresultinvariousformsofsocializationandpeoplewithdifferentculturesmaybesocializedindifferentwayswithdifferentacculturation.Althoughlanguageandcultureareinextricablyintertwined,thisrelationshipisnotanalogoustothatofstructuresandprocesses.Rather,cultureisawidersystemthatcompletelyincludeslanguageasasubsystem.Linguisticcompetenceisonevarietyofculturalcompetenceandspeechbehaviorisonevarietyofsocialbehavior.Therelationoflanguagetocultureisthatofparttowhole.)解析：42.Explainthisstatementandgiveatleasttwoexamplesofit:"Instudyingothercultures,wedosofromtheperspectiveofourownculture."(北外研)

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對的答案：(對的答案：Cultureisasemioticmeaningsysteminwhichsymbolsfunctiontocommunicatemeaningfromonemindtoanother.Itisrelatedtolanguageinsuchawaythatlanguageisapartofcultureandapartofhumanbehavior,andalsotheprimarymediumfortransmittingmuchofculture.Therefore,withoutlanguage,culturewouldnotbepossible.Consequently,whenstudyingaculture,weoftenrelyonthelanguage.Therefore,wemayuseourownlanguagetodescribethetargetculture,whichmaybetheoneinterpretationofthestatement"Instudyingothercultures,wedosofromtheperspectiveofourow