2023年高考英語模擬試題與答案

高考英語模擬試題與答案本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等信息填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦潔凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束，考生將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)（略）第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AYoumighthaveheardalotaboutancienttownsandancientcitiesinChina.Here,welistseveralofthemostbeautifulancientvillagesinChina.BaoshanStoneCity,YunnanProvinceBaoshanStoneCitywasbuiltonahugemushroom-shapedrock,andonlyhasaboutonehundredhouses.Thehousesarelaidoutinanorderlyway,builtontherock,andlinkedbystonesteps.TheNaxipeopletherestillleadanoriginallifeandgrowcropsinterraces(梯田);youcanexperiencethecolorfulcultureoftheNaxiethnic(民族的)groupthere.TuvasVillageinKanas,XinjiangKanasTuvasVillageisnearthemysteriousLakeKanas.Thesmallvillageislocatedinavalley,andonlyhasabout80houses.TheseSwiss-stylewoodenhousesareallsurroundedbywoodenfences.Tuvasisanancientminoritygroup.Theytraditionallylivedashunter-gathers.Youcanvisitalocalfamily,goherding(放牧)withthelocalsandexperiencethepeacefulancientvillagelife.JiajuTibetanVillage,Danba,SichuanProvinceJiajuTibetanVillageisknownasthe“Tibetanfairyland”.Itstandsonamountainslope,andconsistsofabout140houses.Theseuniquehousesareallbuiltwithcrown-shapedroofs,redeaves,andwhitewalls,whichmakethehouseslooklikelittlecastlesamongtheforest.XijiangMiaoVillage,GuizhouProvinceIfyoureinterestedintheMiaoMinority,XijiangMiaoVillagecanbeagreatdestinationfordeepeningyourunderstandingofMiaohistoryandculture.It’sthelargestMiaovillageinChina,andnowhas1432householdswithapopulationofover5000,ofwhich99.5%areMiaoethnicgroup.It’salsofamousforthehousesbuiltonstilts(支柱)ofdifferentheights.1.WhatcanyoudoinKanasTuvasVillage?A.Hikeinterraces.B.Seehousesofaforeignstyle.C.Gohuntingwiththelocals.D.Learnabouthousesbuiltonstilts.2.Wherecanyouadmirethehouseslikecastles?A.InBaoshanStoneCity. B.InKanasTuvasVillage.C.InJiajuTibetanVillage. D.InXijiangMiaoVillage.3.Whatcanweinferaboutthevillagesmentionedinthetext?A.Theyremainedsecrettotheoutsideworldinthepast.B.Theywereoriginallybuilttodefendtheirhomeland.C.Theyarestillcutoffanddifficulttoaccessnowadays.D.Theyaretheethnicvillageswithuniquearchitecture.BIwasintheseventhgrade,andwehadmovedtoNewJerseyinNovember.Bythen,everyonealreadyhadhadtheirownfriends,andnoonewantedtotalktoanewgirl.Tomakethingsworse,theyputmein“SectionL”.IfoundoutlaterthateveryonecalledSectionL“Loserville”.Itwassortofanopensecretthatitwasthesectionfortroublemakersandnot-so-smartkids.WhenIfoundout,Iwantedtoscream.Ihadalwaysbeenagoodstudentandhadamazingfriends,andnoweveryonethoughtIwasaloser!IdidtextmyfriendsinIllinoisalmosteverynight,especiallymybestfriend,Ana.Atfirstmyfriendswantedtohearallaboutit.ButthensomestoppedtextingbackonceIsaidsomethingabouthowmiserableIwas.OnenightwhenIwastextingwithAna,Icomplainedaboutanotherfriendwhohadjustdonethat.Ana’stextscamereallyfastforthenextfewminutesandtheysurprisedme.ShesaidthatshewastiredofhearingabouthowbadeverythingwasinNewJersey,too.ShesaidshedidnotwanttohurtmyfeelingsbutthatIneededtostopfeelingsosorryformyselfallthetime,Ihadtotrytomakethingsbetter.Thenextday,IthoughtalotaboutwhatAnahadsaid.Shewasright!IwishIcouldsaythateverythingchangedovernightafterthat,butitdidn’t.Iwasstillstuckin“Loserville”,andsomepeoplewerestillmeantome,eventhoughItriedtojuststayoutoftheirway.Butwhatdidchangewasme—Istoppedfeelingsosorryformyselfanddidsomethingaboutmakingfriends.Isigneduptomakesetsfortheschoolplay.Imetalotofnewpeoplethere,andsuddenlyIhadfriendstosayhitointhehalls!IstillmissIllinoissometimes,butlifeinNewJerseyisn’tsohardanymore.EventhoughIcouldn’tchangemysituation,Icouldchangemyattitude—andthatmadeallthedifference.4.“Loserville”isasectionfor________.A.failures B.goodstudentsC.classsecrets D.newcomers5.Thewritercomplainedallthetimeinthenewenvironmentbecause________.A.Anadidn’ttextbacktoher B.herfriendshurtherfeelingsC.shewasunfairlytreated D.shewasagoodstudent6.Whatmadeadifferenceinchangingthesituation?A.ShewentbacktoIllinois.B.SheendedfriendshipwithAna.C.Shefoughtbackwithherclassmates.D.Shebegantomakefriendswithothers.7.Thebesttitleforthepassagecanbe________.A.LastingFriendship B.AnIncidenceatSchoolC.SayGoodbyeto“Loserville” D.Unhappinessin“Loserville”CMoscowcityauthoritieshavebegunusingcomics（漫畫）withcharactersfromRussianfairytalestoexplaintomigrants（移民）howtheyshouldbehave.Theysaya100guideisneededto"keepapositiveimage"ofthecityandcouldhelpreduce"tensions"betweennativesandmigrants.Butcriticshavepointedoutthatforeignmigrantsandnativesmayberegardedasantagonistsinthemanual(手冊(cè)).RussiansandmigrantshaverepeatedlyfloodedinMoscowrecently.Manymigrantsfromex-SovietrepublicsinCentralAsia,theCaucasus（高加索）andNorthCaucasus,arriveinMoscoweveryyear,attractedbythecapital’sjobopportunitiesandrelativelyhighsalaries.AsignificantnumberofthemworkintheRussiancapitalillegally.ThenewguideinRussianseekstoexplainthe"dos"and"don’ts"tomigrants.Theyareurgednottocausetrouble,bystaringatwomen,oreatingortalkingloudlyonthestreets.Theyarealsowarnedthatthepolicemayroutinely（例行公事）stopthemtochecktheirdocuments.Inthemanual,Russia’sfamous"threewarriors"aremeanttorepresentthecity’slawenforcementagencies（執(zhí)法機(jī)關(guān)）,whilePrinceYuriDolgoruky(ahistoricalcharacter)isusedfortoursaroundMoscow.Meanwhile,VasilisatheWiseandTheSnowMaidentestthereaderonRussia’slanguageandhistory.AspecialsectionofthebookexplainstheimportanceoffollowingMoscow’sstrictresidencyandemploymentrules,stressingthatmigrantscouldotherwisebedeported(驅(qū)逐出境)orbannedfromentry.Themanualwaswrittenprimarilyforillegalmigrants,AlexanderKalinin,whoheadsthegroupSupportforWorkingMigrantsinMoscow,toldBBCRussian."Wewanttoraisetheirleveloflawawareness,"headded.Migrantcharactershadinitially(最初)beenidentifiedasrepresentativesofdifferentnationalities,butthebook’sauthorslaterdecidedtodropthisideasoas"nottooffendanyone",saidMr.Kalinin."TheoldconflictbetweenRussianheroesandnon-Slavicinvadersisbeingrevived,"YevgenyVarshaver,amigrationexperttoldBBCRussian.Healsosuggestedthatthelanguageusedinthebookwouldbe"difficult"tounderstandforsomemigrantswhowerenotnativeRussianspeakers.8.Theunderlinedword"antagonists"inParagraph1canprobablybereplacedby"_____".A.friends B.acquaintancesC.cooperators D.opponents9.PeoplefromothercountriescometoMoscow"_____"A.tofindwell-paidjobs B.tohaveanewlifestyleC.toenjoythefineclimate D.toexperienceanewculture10.Thethirdparagraphismainlyabout"_____".A.consequencesthemigrantsmaysufferB.thepurposeofpublishingthehandbookC.themeasurestoattractforeignmigrantsD.charactersandtheirfunctionsinRussianfairytales11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.WaystohelpforeignmigrantstosettleinRussiaB.CharactersfromRussianfairytaleshavenewjobsC.MoreandmoreforeignmigrantstoworkinMoscowD.MoscowfairytalecomicstohelpmigrantsbehaveDInthisPennsylvaniacity,Pittsburghisshrinkingbutgettingwealthier.Since,itspopulationhasdeclinedby95,000whileitsincomepercapita(人均)hasshotup24percent.Thetrendistakingholdinmanyothercities,likeBuffaloinNewYork,ProvidenceinRhodeIslandandNewOrleans.Someoftheseareashavecreatedmorehigh-payingjobsinenergy,healthcareoreducation.Othershavemanagedtoreshapetheirproducingindustryforaneweconomy.Higher-payingjobshaveagreatereffectbecausetheycreatedemandforadditionalservices."ThestoryinPittsburghisverypositive,andotherareasarelookingatitasanexampleofthetransformationthatmightbepossible，”saidGuhanVenkatu,whowroteaneconomichistoryoftheareacalled“RustandRenewal”fortheFederalReserveBankofCleveland.CarnegieMellonUniversityandtheUniversityofPittsburghhavehelpedbringtechjobsandinnovation(革新)totheareabysponsoringtechcentersthathelpgraduatesstartcompanieswithoutmovingtoSiliconValleyorSanFrancisco.ThishashelpedkeepPittsburgh'seducatedyoungpopulationgrowingevenastheentirepopulationinthecityhasdropped.PittsburghhasmoreSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)jobsthanothershrinkingcities,about80,000or7%ofalljobs.STEMjobsaddproductivityandincomegrowthtothearea.Manufacturersofhigh-techmedicalequipmentinthePittsburghareaalsohavedoubledemploymentinthelast10years.However,someexpertsquestionwhethergrowingincomepercapitacanreallymakeupforadecliningpopulation.AccordingtoPatrickAdler,aresearcherattheUniversityofToronto,populationlossdoesmatterifitmeanslower-skilledworkershavefledbecauseofalackofopportunity.What'smore,high-payingjobsineducationandhealthcarecandisappearifthepopulationdeclinestoogreatly.Soit'dbewisetofindwaystoincreasethepopulation.12.InwhataspectdoesPittsburghsetagoodexample?A.Transformingoldenergyintonewenergy.B.Creatingmorewell-paidjobs.C.Prohibitingthemanufacturing.D.Sponsoringhighereducation.13.Howdosomeacademicinstitutionshelpwiththelocaleconomy?A.Byhelpingtoattractmoretalentsfromotherareas.B.Byprovidingmuchtechnicalsupporttolocalcompanies.C.Byhostingtechcentersforlocaleducatedgraduates.D.Byassistinginemployingalargenumberofeducatedyouths.14.WhyisPatrickAdlermentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowthedisadvantageofadecliningpopulation.B.Tosuggestincreasinghigh-payingjobs.C.Toraisedoubtsaboutgrowingincomepercapita.D.Totellareasonwhylower-skilledworkersflee.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowFastJobGrowthIsRelatedtoPopulationGrowthB.HowLess-crowdedCitiesPlanTheirHigh-techEconomyC.WhySomeCitiesAreLosingPeoplebutGettingWealthierD.WhySomeCitiesAreSufferingFromaShrinkingPopulation第二節(jié)(共5小題；每題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多出選項(xiàng)。Nowadaysalongwiththeboomingofcomputerscience,computersarewidelyusedhereandthere.Peopleevencanfindcomputersinmostclassrooms.Whileteachersremainmoreorlessthesame,computersaredoublinginspeedandcapabilityeveryfouryears.___16___AsfarasIamconcerned,teachersstillplayamajorroleandarestillofgreatimportance.___17___Howeveradvancedtheymaybe,computersarenothingmorethanhumaninventionsprogrammedtoperformcertaintasks.Theyareunabletodealwithstudentswithdifferentbackground.Needlesstosay,aclassroomisaplacewhereindividualattentionandcreativitymattermost.Therefore,computersarenobetterthanothertoolsusedbyteachersandcouldn’tpossiblymaketherolesplayedbythemweaker.Intermsofaccuracyandtheamountofinformation,computersoutshinehumans.___18___Indeed,agoodteacherorganizesandinspiresthestudents.Besides,theinteractionbetweenstudentsandteachersisvitalforthelearning.Accordingtomosteducationauthorities,reallearningoccursduringthediscussionandsharingofideaswithone’steacherandclassmates.Moreover,ateacheristheretomonitoreveryslightchangeinstudents’attitude,torespondtoandencouragethemwhenevertheyshowsignsoffrustrationandimpatience.___19___Despitetheincreasingpresenceofcomputersinsideclassrooms,teachersarejustasessential,ifnotmoreso,asinstructorswereinthepast.___20___A.It’stimethatteachersshoulddevelopthemselves.B.Withoutthiskindofinteraction,educationisunimaginable.C.Advancedascomputersmaybe,someteachersarelessimpatient.D.Buttomakeagoodteachermeansfarmorethanbeinganencyclopedia(百科全書).E.Peoplecan’thelpwonderingwhetherteachersareasimportantastheyoncewere.F.Somedrawbacksmakeitimpossibleforcomputerstoreplaceteachersinclassrooms.G.Itiswellknownthatcomputersarebetteratrepetitiveworkbutincapableofcreativethinking.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Youneverknowhowfarakindactcango.Youdon’tknowwhoitcan____21____,either.WhenGloriaPorterandJeffReickbegan____22____,theyhadnoideahowmuchitwould____23____otherstoshower(大量予以)peoplewithkindness.89-year-oldGloriaPorterwaslyinginhospital.Shecouldn’tleaveherward.Soto____24____boredom,shewouldoftenstareoutsideherwindowtowatchconstructionworkersbuildingthenewfrontentrancetothehospital.Shewasn’texpectingoneofthe____25____towavetoher.Shecouldn’thelpbutwavebackatthekind____26____.Thiswasonlythestartofaspecial____27____betweenthetwo.JeffReickknewPorterwas____28____,sohedecidedtosendakind____29____toherbyfindingsomechalkandwriting“GetWell”ononeofthebeams(梁)facingher____30____.“Ijustthoughtthatwas____31____,”Portersaid.“SoIshoulddosomethingto____32____that.”WhenPortersawconstructionworkersworkinghighabovethegroundonecold,windyday,shegrew____33____.Shewrote“Staysafe”onapieceofpaper,whichshethen____34____onthewindowfortheworkerstosee.“WhenIsaw4Staysafe’onapieceofpaper,I____35____andsaidtomycoworkers,‘Didyouseethat?’”Reicksaid.Thehospitalstafftookphotosofthatand____36____themonsocialmedia.Thesimpleactsofkindness____37____andmanypeoplewereemployedinsimilaracts,includingonewomanwhodelivered____38____pizzatotheconstructionworkers.“Ijusttrytoleadbyexampleandneverexpectsomuch____39____,”Reicksaid.“Ifeverybody____40____doesthingslikethat,theworldwillbeabetterplace.”21.A.disturb B.employ C.affect D.describe22.A.communicating B.singing C.arguing D.explaining23.A.require B.warn C.force D.encourage24.A.makefor B.putoff C.figureout D.escapefrom25.A.workers B.nurses C.doctors D.patients26.A.job B.inspiration C.gesture D.favor27.A.business B.connection C.difference D.trouble28.A.lonely B.upset C.ill D.poor29.A.1etter B.message C.note D.warning30.A.window B.entrance C.wall D.door31.A.impolite B.necessary C.familiar D.precious32.A.record B.return C.recover D.remember33.A.puzzled B.worried C.thrilled D.annoyed34.A.knocked B.installed C.placed D.drew35.A.camedown B.brokedown C.showedup D.turnedaround36.A.shared B.found C.mentioned D.deleted37.A.happened B.succeeded C.spread D.formed38.A.expensive B.free C.ordinary D.cheap39.A.participation B.satisfaction C.solution D.introduction40.A.merely B.apparently C.especially D.willingly第二節(jié)(共10小題;每題L5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文在空白處填入1個(gè)合適的單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的對(duì)的形式。Researchersexaminedthebenefitsofsingingamongpeoplewithmentalhealthconditions___41___(include)anxietyanddepression.Theyfoundpeoplewhotookpartinacommunitysinginggroupimprovedtheirmentalhealthandthatthecombinationofsingingandsocialisingwasanimportantpartof___42___(recover).Thegrassrootsactionrunsweeklysingingworkshopsforthepeople___43___mentalhealthconditionsaswellasthegeneralpublic.It___44___(original)beganatahospitalin,___45___afterwardsmovedintothecommunity.Around120peoplenowattendfourfreeworkshopseachweekacrossNorfolk,twothirdsof___46___havehadcontactwithmentalhealthservices.Theresearchprojectfollowedthegroupforsixmonthsand___47___(undertake)interviewsandfocusgroupswithparticipants,organisers,andworkshop___48___(leader).Thereportshowshowsingingandsocialisinggaveparticipants___49___feelingofbelongingandwellbeingthatoftenlastedadayor___50___(many),aswellasimprovedsocialskillsandconfidence.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每題1分，滿分10分)51.假定英語課上老師規(guī)定同桌之間互換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的如下作文。文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有三處。錯(cuò)誤波及一種單詞的增長(zhǎng)，刪除或修改。增長(zhǎng)：在缺詞處加一種漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多出的詞用（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改僅限一詞；2、只容許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Recently,asthedevelopmentoftheInternet,thereisakindoflanguagecallingtheWebLanguage.TheotherdayourclasshaveadiscussionaboutwhetherweshouldwelcometheWebLanguage.Fortypercentofstudentsthinkitridiculous.Intheiropinions,itcan’thelppeoplecommunicating,norisitusefulforlearningEnglish.Besides,itwillmakeChinesemorestandard,finallyruiningourmothertongue.However,60%ofourclassarefondofit.Theythinkitsimply,convenientandhelpfulinexpressingthemselves.Personally,Idon’tthinkthatagoodhabittousetheWebLanguage.Itmaybepopular,butyoumayalsomakeyourselfbemisunderstood.第二節(jié)書面體現(xiàn)(滿分25分)52.你校英語節(jié)組織“你最愛慕的卡通電影人物”英語征文評(píng)比。你打算推薦“花木蘭”，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)如下提醒寫一篇短文參與評(píng)比。（1）簡(jiǎn)述木蘭代父參軍的故事；（2）你喜歡這一角色的理由。注意：（1）詞數(shù)100左右；（2）可以合適增長(zhǎng)細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；（3）文章的開頭已為你寫好，不計(jì)入詞數(shù)。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________