2022屆高考英語各省模擬試題匯編卷(全國甲卷)

高考英語各省模擬試題匯編卷全國甲卷第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（2022?福建?廈門一中高一開學(xué)考試）Travellingtheworldissomethingthatleavesanimpactonyourbeing.Hereisalistofinspiringdestinationsthatareboundtochangeyourlife.SomecompletelyinfluencedwhoIamtoday,andsomeareattheverytopofmybucketlist.KenyaThebeautifulMaasaipeopleareasymboloffamilyandlove,andalthoughsomeoftheirculturaltraditionsmaynotbeacceptedbyeveryone,theirwillingnesstoacceptothersandcherishthebeautyofKenyaistrulyhardtoignore.Kenya'sincrediblelandshowedmetheimportanceofappreciatingalllivingbeingsandhelpedmerecognizethatregardlessofourspecies,wehavefarmoresimilaritiesthandifferences.Visitingthiscountrymademerealizethatlivinginharmonywithwildlifeissomethingthatweallshouldfightfor,nomatterwherewemightbeintheworld.MyanmarUnlikesomanyotherdestinationinAsiathathavebeencrowdedbytourists,thiscounty'shistoricappearanceisstillentirelyexistent.Ancienttemplesarescatteredacrosstheland,andthequiet,peacefulBuddhistapproachtolifeisstillverymuchcommon.Formanypeople,Myanmarisadestinationthatbroughtpeacebackintotheirlives.DuetoitslargeBuddhistpopulation.一almost90%infact—thiscountrymakesyouappreciatealllifeonEarthlikeneverbefore,whileitsuntouchedlandscapesmakeyoufallheadoverheelswiththeworld.MuchlikeIndia,thisisadiversecountrywherepeoplelivesidebysideinharmony,regardlessofreligions.IndiaIndiaisaplacethatteachesyousomanyimportantlifelessons.Alotofpeoplehaveaskedmewhatitwasaboutthiscountrythatmademechangesomuch,andIhonestlycouldn'ttellyou.It'satruemixtureofseeingvarioussights,beingabsorbedintheuniqueatmosphere,andlearningaboutspiritualityandmanydiversereligions.WhatinfluencedidvisitingKenyahaveontheauthor?Itlethimaccepttheirculturaltraditions.Itbroughtpeacebackintohislife.Ithelpedhimappreciateallcreatures.Itmadehimrealizeallspeciesaresodifferent.WhatdoMyanmarandIndiahaveincommon?Thevariousreligions.B.Theabundantwildlife.C.Theuntouchedscenery.D.Thecrowdedtemples.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?Anewsreport.B.Atravelblog.C.Asciencemagazine.D.Ageographytextbook.B（2022?廣西柳州?二模）Theveggieburger（素食漢堡）:thissimplenon-meatburgerisamainmealforavegetarian.Sowhatisaveggieburger?Aveggieburgerissimilartoanordinaryhamburger,exceptthatitismeat-free,commonlymadefromingredientssuchasbeans,tofu,nuts,grainsandmushrooms.Inmanycases,thedifferencesbetweenthemeathamburgerandveggieburgerareclear,butImpossibleFoodsCompanyplanstoputanendtothat.TheImpossibleburgerismadeofaplant-basedproductthatlookslikeblood.Itclearlylooks,smellsandevenbleedslikemeat,butit'sgrowninalab.TheImpossiblesaysthisburgerishardtotellfromrealmeat,about47%similar,accordingtoatestconductedamongmeatlovers.Theplant-basedburgerreceivesincreasingattentionfromthepublic.Marketingisonegoodreason:plant-basedmeatproductsattractmeat-loversandvegetariansalikeduetotheirhealthbenefits.Ifyoucanhavethefoodyouloveatalowerhealthcost,whywouldn'tyou?Anotherreasonwhymanypeopleresistmeatproductisthattheymayseektoreduceanimalsufferingorthemeatindustry'slargeenvironmentalimpact.Meatproductionisresponsiblefor18%oftotalgreenhousegases,accordingtotheFoodandAgricultureOrganization（FAO）.However,theymaystillmissthetasteofmeat.Finally,“thereareassociatedfeelingsandmemoriesthatgowithcertainfbods,"saysThomasBanks,BBCLearningEnglishproducerand15-yearvegetarian.“Ididn'tgrowupavegetarianandsometimesImissmyfamily'scooking.Plant-basedmeatallowsmetohaveagoodhome-cookedmealthat'sjustlikemumusedtomake."Itisreportedthattheglobalmeatsubstitutemarketwasvaluedat$4,512.1millionin2019,andispredictedtoreach$8,823.6millionby2027,showinganannualgrowthrateof7.2%from2021to2027.Accordingtorecentstudies,30%ofAmericansarenotonlyleavingmeatofftheirplatesbutalsoseekingoutmoreplant-basedmeatsubstitutes.WhatdoesImpossibleFoodsCompanyintendtodo?Tomakeveggieburgerlooklikemeathamburger.Todistractpeople'sinterestinmeathamburger.Toexpandthenumbersofveggieburgerlovers.Topersuademorepeopletohavelessmeathamburger.Whydomanypeoplebecomevegetarians?Theydon'tfavorthetasteofmeat.Theywanttodosomegoodtoanimalwelfare.Theyopposetheenvironmentalsustainability.Theywanttomeettheneedoftheirfinancialbenefits.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?FAOisthepioneerforthemeatlessindustry.Theplant-basedmeatcanbegrownineveryhouseholdgarden.Livestockproductionisresponsiblefor80%oftotalgreenhousegases.Vegetarianscangetmeat-likefoodexperiencesfromtheplant-basedmeat.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisstatementsinthelastparagraph?Bylistingvariousreasons.B.Bygivingadefinition.C.Bypresentingstatistics.D.Byanalyzingstrengthsandweaknesses.C（2022?四川?成都七中二模）ElonMuskisn'tcontentwithelectriccars,shootingpeopleintoorbitandpopulatingMars.Healsowantstogetinsideyourbrain.Hisgoalistodevelopdevicesthatcanprovidetreatmenttoneural（神申經(jīng)的）diseases-andthatmayonedaybepowerfulenoughtoputhumanityonanequalfootingwithpossiblefuturesuperintelligentcomputers.Notthatit'sanywhereclosetothatyet.InavideoFridayobviouslyaimedatseekingnewemployees,MuskshowedoffthesecondversionoftheNeuralink,adeviceaboutthesizeofalargecoin.It'sdesignedtobeputinaperson'shead.Anearlierversionofthedevicehastobeplacedbehindanearlikeahugehearingaid.Buttheyoungcompanyisfarfromhavingacommercialproduct,whichwouldinvolvecomplexhumantrialsandgovernmentalapproval.Friday'svideoshowedthreepigs.One,namedGertrude,hadaNeuralinkdeviceinitsbrain.Musk,afounderofboththeelectriccarcompanyTeslaMotorsandthespaceexplorationfirmSpaceX,hasalwaysbeenworriedaboutthatsmarterAlmachineswilloutwithumans.Hissolution?Linkourbrainstocomputerssowecankeepupwithorevenwinovertheminintelligence!Muskurgedcoders（程序員），engineersandespeciallypeoplewhohaveactuallycreatedaproducttoapply."Youdon'tneedtohavebrainexperience,"hesaid,addingthatthisissomethingthatcanbelearnedonthejob.Connectingabrainupdirectlytoelectronicsisnotnew.DoctorshavealreadyputsimilardevicesinbrainstotreatsuchconditionsasParkinson'sdisease.In2016,researchersreportedthatamanregainedsomemovementinhisownhandwithasimilarbrainimplant.ButMusk'sproposalgoesbeyondthis.Neuralinkwantstobuildonthoseexistingmedicaltreatmentsandworkondevicesthatcouldlinkourbrainstocomputersoneday.WhatcanwelearnaboutthefirstversionoftheNeuralink?Itissmallerthanahearingaid.B.Itcanbeputinaperson'shead.C.Ithastobeplacedbehindtheear.D.Itisalreadyavailableatthemarket.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“outwit"inparagraph6?Copy.B.Defeat.C.Understand.D.Destroy.WhatkindofcandidatesdoesElonMuskparticularlywant?Someonewhoalsowantstocreatethesamedevice.Doctorswhoalreadyknowhowtotreatbraindiseases.Peoplewhohavealreadydesignedsomeuniqueproduct.Engineerswhoaregoodatlinkingbrainstocomputers.Whereisthistextlikelyfrom?A.Anadvertisement.B.Atestreport.C.Asciencefiction.D.Anewsreport.D

（2022?四川省瀘縣第一中學(xué)二模）In2016,Japanesescientistsfoundakindof

bacteria,whichtheycalledIdeonellasakainesis,could“eat"plastic.ThesecretforIdeonellasakainesisisenzymes（酶）usedbybacteriaandothercellstomakechemicalchangeshappen.Itusestwoenzymestoturnplasticintosomethingitcaneat.What'sleftoverafterwardcouldbeusedtomakenewplastic.Oneofthem,called“PETase",istheonethatbreaksdowntheplastic.Recently,scientistshavefiguredoutawaytomakethebacteriaeatplasticevenfaster.TheydidsomechemicalworkwiththeenzymePETase.Theythoughtwhattheydidwouldmakeiteatplasticevenslower.However,theyweresurprisedtofindthatthechangemadeiteat20%faster.Thisisanimportantstep,butitwillstillbeawhilebeforewewillknowifIdeonellasakainesiscanreallymakeadifference.Everythinghastobejustrightforittodoitswork.Itcan'tbetoohotortoocold.Thescientistssaythey'llkeepexploringtomakeitworkinallkindsofconditions.Besides,itonlyeatsonekindofplasticcalledPET,whichisusuallyusedformakingbottles.Butscientiststhinkitispossiblethattheremaybeotherkindsofbacteriathateatotherkindsofplastic.Theythinkthatevenifthesebacteriadon'talreadyexist,theymaycomealongsoon.Bacteriacanchangetheirhabitsquickly,comparedtobiggerlifeforms.Mostplasticcanalreadyberecycled,andthisisreallyjustanewwaytorecycleit.However,asscientistswarnseriously,Ideonellasakainesis'newfunctiondoesnotchangethefactthatonlyabout9%ofplasticsactuallygetrecycled,whiletherestgetthrownaway.Theyalsopointoutthatharmfulchemicalsareaddedwhenplasticismade.Ifbacteriabreakdownplasticinnaturalareas,thosepoisonswillbegivenoff,andcouldaffectplants,animals,orhumans.Howdidthescientistsfindthefactthatthebacteriaeatplasticfaster?TheymadechangestoPETase.TheyaddedmorePETasetoplastic.Theymixedplastic'stwoenzymes.Theyremovedenzymesfromplastic.WhatdoweknowaboutIdeonellasakainesisfromparagraph3?Itbreaksdownsomespecialkindsofplastic.Iteatsplasticunderdemandingconditions.ItstopsotherbacteriapossessingPETase.Itproducesenzymeswheneatingplastic.Whatdothescientistsconveyaboutplasticrecyclinginthelastparagraph?A.Theyareconfidenttodoit.B.It'shardtorecycleplastic.C.Itssituationworriesthem.D.Ithasbeenwelldonesofar.What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?Toadvocaterecyclingplastic.Topraisescientists'hardwork.Toshowsevereplasticpollution.Tointroduceanewdiscovery.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（2022?貴州貴陽?一模）HowtoInspireYourselftoAchieveTopSuccessOften,manypeoplerisetosuccessfulheightsandfall,nevertospringbackup._16_Hereareafewwaystoinspireyourselftoachievetopsuccess.Berealisticwithyourgoals.Manypeopleacceptgoal-settingasoneoftheprimarystepsinanysuccessfuljourney.Whilegoal-settingisthefirststeptosuccess,doingitthewrongwaycansetyouseveralstepsbackandmakeyourjourneystressful._17_18Ideation（構(gòu)思過程）involvestheformationofnewideasandconceptsandisanessentialprocessinfindingnewwaystocompleteyoursuccessjourney.Theprocessdoesn'tendafterdreamingofnewideas.Goingfurthertowritethemdownandbrainstormingcanhelpyouadjustthem.Notethatwell一constructedideascanmakeeffortmoremanageable,especiallywhensolvingaproblem.Asexpertsalwayssay,“Definetheproblemwell,andthesolutionwillpresentitself."Knowwhentomultitaskandwhentodeepfocus.It'sappealingtoengageinmultipletaskstogetthingsdone._19一However,sometasksmayrequireextremefocusing.Seasoneddesignandwritingprofessionalsoftentakethisapproach.J.K.Rowling,forexample,spendsmanyweeksawayfromregularlifetowriteherbooks.Meditate（冥想）whenyoucan.20_.You'relikelytoproduceverylittleresultswhenyourmindisblockedandtired.Meditationisagreatwaytoregenerateandfacilitateyourrestorationprocess.A.DreamoftheproblemsWritedownideasandbrainstormItpaystosetrealisticandmeasurablegoalsThat'sthereasonwhyweneedtorisetosuccessRestingthemindcanbeanotherformofinspirationMultitaskingmaynotbeabadwayofclearingyourdeskandgeneratingresultsThat'sbecauserisingtosuccessisonethingandmanagingthesuccessfulstageanother第二部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。（2022?四川?巴中市教育科學(xué)研究所一模）For31years,AlbertLexiekeptworkinghard,21beforedawnandmakingthenearlytwo-hourjourneytoPittsburghbybus.HisdestinationwasUniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter'sChildren'sHospitalofPittsburgh.Withthatkindofdevotion,you'dthinkhe_22_asaphysicianornurse,somepositionthatrequiredlong_23_andcamewithahigh_24_.Butyou'dbe_25_.From1982to2013,Albert26_shoes.Sixteentoseventeenpairs,twiceaweek,$3apop.Hisannualincomewasabout$10,000,notincludingtips.Butit'swhathedidwiththosetipsthat_27_himheartsandmanyawards.He_28_histips,all$200,000ofthem,toFreeCareFund,whichhelpscoverthemedical_29_foruninsured無保險的）andpoorchildren.Heonlyattendedschoolthroughtheeighthgrade,buthe30hisfirstshoeshineboxthatyearaspartofaclassassignment,andthat'stheonehe31from1982to2013.Andthoseyearsof_32anddevotioncertainlydidn'tgo33.Hewashonoredand34bymagazinesandorganizations.Obviously,hewasn'tinitfor35,andgettingtoandfromworkatsuchunusualhourscouldn'thavebeen_36_,especiallyashestartedgettingolder.“Icometoworkeverydaybecauseit's_37_toseepeopleandtalktopeopleandhavefunanddothings.Children'sHospitalismyfavoriteplace_38_一Icanseelotsof_39_andshaketheirlittlehandsandtrytogivelittletoysaway,thingslikethat."Hislife'sworkwassotouchingandinspiring.Bytellinghisstory,wehopedto_40_morepeopletodogoodintheworld.

21.A.comingbackB.walkingaroundC.watchingoutD.wakingup22.A.startedB.workedC.feltD.grew23.A.historyB.developmentC.hoursD.distances24.A.incomeB.degreeC.qualityD.speed25.A.differentB.strangeC.interestedD.wrong26.A.madeB.shinedC.soldD.designed27.A.offeredB.showedC.costD.won28.A.giftedB.returnedC.lentD.reported29.A.researchB.educationC.recordsD.bills30.A.borrowedB.builtC.cleanedD.drew31.A.hidB.passedC.usedD.repaired32.A.serviceB.studyC.struggleD.progress33.A.farB.smoothC.unnoticedD.unchecked34.A.influencedB.praisedC.protectedD.congratulated35.A.moneyB.surpriseC.funD.advice36.A.necessaryB.safeC.easyD.fair37.A.boringB.meaninglessC.amusingD.enjoyable38.A.becauseB.unlessC.whileD.though39.A.graduatesB.expertsC.kidsD.elders40.A.forceB.encourageC.allowD.help第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)(2022?四川?宜賓市敘州區(qū)第一中學(xué)校二模)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ifyoualwayshatecertainvegetables,youmaybemorethanapickyeater.Instead,youmightbea“super-taster",aperson_41_bittergen(e苦味基因).Thosepeoplewhohavethe“bittergenes"are2.6timesmorelikelytoeat_42一(few)vegetablesthanothers,accordingtoanewstudy_43一(present)attheannualmeetingoftheAmericanHeartAssociation.“Wedon'tgetthetasteoffoodequally,"saidprofessorDuffy,anexpertinthestudyoffoodtaste.“Itcouldexplainsomeofthedifferencesinourfood44(prefer)."Abouthalfofuscantastebitterandsweet,sowearenotespeciallysensitivetobitterfood.Another25%arecalled“non-tasters",to_45一bitterfoodmightactuallybeabitsweeter.Therestofusare46(extreme)sensitivetothebitternessthatsome47（plant）developtokeepanimalsfromeatingthem.Foodscientistsaretryingtodevelopways48_（reduce）thebitternessinveggies,inthehopethatwecankeepsuper-tastersfromrejectingvegetables.Infact,somevegetableswegrowtoday_49_（be）muchsweeterthanbefore.Wemightalsotrytousevariouscookingmethods,eitherbyaddingsomefat,sweetness,strongflavorslikegarlic_50_roastingthem,toimprovethetasteofthevegetables.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題：每小題1分，滿分10分）（2022?貴州畢節(jié)?模擬預(yù)測）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號口，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉\。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2?只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Goodmorning,everyone!I'mextremeexcitedtoexpressmyunderstandingoftheofficialmottoofthe2022WinterOlympics一“Togetherforasharedfuture".ThemottoshowsthatinspiringbytheOlympicspirit,weworktogetherwiththepeopleoftheworldandhelpedeachother.Thatwearedevotedtoisvaluabletocreateforabetterfuture.Asastudent,Ishouldmakeacontributiontobuildawonderfulworld.Ononehand,welearntobeastudentwithgoodqualities,suchashonesty,kindness,loyalty,modesty,perseveranceetc.Ontheotherhand,Istudyhardtobeusefulperson.Lastyear,Iampraised,becauseofwinningthetitleofVirtueYouth,bymanyteacher.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）（2022?四川?模擬預(yù)測）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國好友Jim打算暑假期間來中國旅游，發(fā)來郵件請你推薦兩個目的地城市。請你給他回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：推薦城市及理由；其他建議。注意:詞數(shù)100左右；可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考答案第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)A答案：1.C2.A3.B解析：這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三個鼓舞人心的旅游目的地。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Kenya'sincrediblelandshowedmetheimportanceofappreciatingalllivingbeingsandhelpedmerecognizethatregardlessofourspecies,wehavefarmoresimilaritiesthandifferences.（肯尼亞這塊令人難以置信的土地向我展示了欣賞所有生物的重要性，并幫助我認(rèn)識到，無論我們的物種如何，我們的相似之處遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于差異）”可知，訪問肯尼亞幫助作者欣賞了所有生物。故選C項(xiàng)。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段“MuchlikeIndia,thisisadiversecountrywherepeoplelivesidebysideinharmony,regardlessofreligions.（就像印度一樣，這是一個多元化的國家，人們不分宗教，和諧共處。）”和最后一段“It'satruemixtureofseeingvarioussights,beingabsorbedintheuniqueatmosphere,andlearningaboutspiritualityandmanydiversereligions.（這是一個真正的混合體，可以看到各種各樣的風(fēng)景，沉浸在獨(dú)特的氛圍中，學(xué)習(xí)靈性和許多不同的宗教）”可知，緬甸和印度的共同之處就是多元文化、多種宗教。故選A項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Travellingtheworldissomethingthatleavesanimpactonyourbeing.Hereisalistofinspiringdestinationsthatareboundtochangeyourlife.SomecompletelyinfluencedwhoIamtoday,andsomeareattheverytopofmybucketlist.（環(huán)游世界會對你的生活產(chǎn)生影響。下面是一個鼓舞人心的目的地清單，它們一定會改變你的生活。有些人完全影響了我，有些人則在我的清單上名列前茅）”和文章的三個小標(biāo)題可知，文章主要是關(guān)于旅游話題的，所以這篇文章很可能來自一個旅行博客。故選B項(xiàng)。B答案：4.A5.B6.D7.C解析：這是一篇新聞報道。介紹了不可能食品公司生產(chǎn)的一種具有肉類食物體驗(yàn)的植物肉漢堡。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Inmanycases,thedifferencesbetweenthemeathamburgerandveggieburgerareclear,butImpossibleFoodsCompanyplanstoputanendtothat.（在許多情況下，肉類漢堡和蔬菜漢堡之間的區(qū)別是顯而易見的，但不可能食品公司計劃結(jié)束這一局面）"及“TheImpossiblesaysthisburgerishardtotellfromrealmeat,about47%similar,accordingtoatestconductedamongmeatlovers.（不可能食品公司稱，這種漢堡很難與真正的肉類區(qū)分開來，根據(jù)對肉類愛好者進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)測試顯示，約47%的漢堡與真正的肉類相似）”可知，不可能食品公司想讓蔬菜漢堡看起來像肉漢堡。故選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Anotherreasonwhymanypeopleresistmeatproductisthattheymayseektoreduceanimalsufferingorthemeatindustry'slargeenvironmentalimpact.（許多人抵制肉類產(chǎn)品的另一個原因是，他們可能謀求減少動物的痛苦或肉類行業(yè)對環(huán)境的巨大影響）”可知，許多人成為素食主義者是為了減少對動物的傷害。故選Bo推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ididn'tgrowupavegetarianandsometimesImissmyfamily'scooking.Plant-basedmeatallowsmetohaveagoodhome-cookedmealthat'sjustlikemumusedtomake.（我不是素食主義者，有時我會想念家人的烹飪。植物肉讓我吃到了一頓很好的家常菜，就像媽媽以前做的一樣）”可推知，因?yàn)檎f話者不是素食主義者，所以植物肉給他找回的是以前在家吃肉的感覺，也就是說素食者可以從植物肉中獲得類似肉類的食物體驗(yàn)。故選Do推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itisreportedthattheglobalmeatsubstitutemarketwasvaluedat$4,512.1millionin2019,andispredictedtoreach$8,823.6millionby2027,showinganannualgrowthrateof7.2%from2021to2027.Accordingtorecentstudies,30%ofAmericansarenotonlyleavingmeatofftheirplatesbutalsoseekingoutmoreplant-basedmeatsubstitutes.（據(jù)扌報道，全球肉類替代品市場在2019的價值為45億1210萬美元，預(yù)計2027美元達(dá)到88億2360萬美元，從2021到2027的年增長率為7.2%。根據(jù)最近的研究，30%的美國人不僅不吃肉類，還尋求更多的植物性肉類替代品）”中的“$4,512.1millionin2019”“$8,823.6millionby2027”“7.2%”“30%”可知，作者運(yùn)用了數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計來支持自己的陳述。故選C。C答案：8.C9.B10.C11.D解析：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了ElonMusk最新推出的Neuralink人機(jī)接口。8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段'InavideoFridayobviouslyaimedatseekingnewemployees,MuskshowedoffthesecondversionoftheNeuralink,adeviceaboutthesizeofalargecoin.It'sdesignedtobeputinaperson'shead.Anearlierversionofthedevicehastobeplacedbehindanearlikeahugehearingaid.（在周五的一段顯然是尋找新員工的視頻中，Musk展示了Neuralink的第二版，一枚大硬幣大小的設(shè)備。它被設(shè)計成放在一個人的頭上。該設(shè)備的早期版本必須像一個巨大的助聽器一樣被放在耳朵后面）”可知，第一版的接口必須掛在耳后。故選Co詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文“Hissolution?Linkourbrainstocomputerssowecankeepupwithorevenwinovertheminintelligence!（他的解決方案?把我們的大腦和電腦連接起來，這樣我們就能在智力上跟上它們，甚至戰(zhàn)勝它們!）”可推斷，ElonMusk擔(dān)心人工智能機(jī)器人會打敗人類。劃線詞詞義表示“打敗”，與defeat意思相近。故選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段'Muskurgedcoders（程序員）,engineersandespeciallypeoplewhohaveactuallycreatedaproducttoapply.（Musk敦促程序員、工程師，特別是那些實(shí)際創(chuàng)造了一種產(chǎn)品的人來申請。）”可知，ElonMusk特別垂青那些有獨(dú)創(chuàng)作品的程序員及工程師。故選Co11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段'Hisgoalistodevelopdevicesthatcanprovidetreatmenttoneural（神經(jīng)的）diseases-andthatmayonedaybepowerfulenoughtoputhumanityonanequalfootingwithpossiblefuturesuperintelligentcomputers.（他的目標(biāo)是開發(fā)能夠?yàn)樯窠?jīng)疾病提供治療的設(shè)——這可能有一天足夠強(qiáng)大，使人類與未來可能的超級智能計算機(jī)處于平等的地位）”以及下文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要是對ElonMusk在本周五演示錄像中展示的產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行的報道。因此推斷這是一篇新聞報道。故選D。D答案：12.A13.B14.C15.D解析：這是一篇說明文。2016年，日本科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種被他們稱為Ideonellasakainesis的細(xì)菌，這種細(xì)菌可以"吃”塑料。文章對這種細(xì)菌進(jìn)行了介紹。12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒第三句"TheydidsomechemicalworkwiththeenzymePETase.（他們對酶PETase做了一些化學(xué)工作）”可知，科學(xué)家們對PETase做了一些改變，發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)菌吃塑料更快的事實(shí)。故選A。13.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句和第三句'Everythinghastobejustrightforittodoitswork.Itcan'tbetoohotortoocold.（每件事都必須恰到好處才能讓它發(fā)揮作用。不能太熱或太冷）”可知，Ideonellasakainesis在苛刻的條件下才能吃塑料。故選B。觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句"However,asscientistswarnseriously,Ideonellasakainesis'newfunctiondoesnotchangethefactthatonlyabout9%ofplasticsactuallygetrecycled,whiletherestgetthrownaway.然而，正如科學(xué)家們嚴(yán)肅警告的那樣‘Ideonellasakainesis的新功能并沒有改變只有大約9%的塑料被回收，而其余的則被扔掉的事實(shí)）”可知，在最后一段中科學(xué)家們表達(dá)了對塑料回收的擔(dān)憂。故選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"In2016,Japanesescientistsfoundakindofbacteria,whichtheycalledIdeonellasakainesis,could"eat"plastic.（2016年，日本科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種被他們稱為Ideonellasakainesis的細(xì)菌，這種細(xì)菌可以"吃”塑料）”可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是介紹一個新發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選Do第二節(jié)答案：16.G17.C18.B19.F20.E解析：這是一篇說明文。本文作者闡述了激勵自己取得最大成功的方法。根據(jù)上一句"Often,manypeoplerisetosuccessfulheightsandfall,nevertospringbackup（通常，許多人會成功地爬到高處，然后跌倒，再也不會振作起來）”可知，G選項(xiàng)"That'sbecauserisingtosuccessisonethingandmanagingthesuccessfulstageanother（這是因?yàn)榕榔饋碜呦虺晒κ且换厥?，成功階段的管理是另一回事）”切題，該選項(xiàng)與上一句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，解釋了許多人許多人爬到成功的高度又跌倒了，再也沒有振作起來的原因，是因?yàn)槌晒﹄A段需要管理，且該選項(xiàng)中的"rising”與上一句中的"rise”相呼應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。根據(jù)上文“Berealisticwithyourgoals...Whilegoal-settingisthefirststeptosuccess,doingitthewrongwaycansetyouseveralstepsbackandmakeyourjourneystressful對你的目標(biāo)要現(xiàn)實(shí)……雖然目標(biāo)設(shè)定是通往成功的第一步，但錯誤的做法會讓你倒退幾步，讓你的旅程充滿壓力）”可知，本段主要闡述設(shè)定的目標(biāo)要現(xiàn)實(shí)，因此，C選項(xiàng)“Itpaystosetrealisticandmeasurablegoals.（設(shè)定現(xiàn)實(shí)的、可衡量的目標(biāo)是值得的）”切題。該選項(xiàng)中的“realistic”與上文“realistic"相呼應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)。根據(jù)下文“Ideationinvolvestheformationofnewideasandconceptsandisanessentialprocessinfindingnewwaystocompleteyoursuccessjourney.Theprocessdoesn'tendafterdreamingofnewideas.Goingfurthertowritethemdownandbrainstormingcanhelpyouadjustthem.（構(gòu)思包括形成新的想法和概念，是尋找新方法完成成功之旅的一個重要過程。這個過程不會在夢想新想法后結(jié)束。進(jìn)一步把它們寫下來，頭腦風(fēng)暴可以幫助你調(diào)整它們）”可知，下文主要闡述了要構(gòu)思新的想法和概念，充分運(yùn)用“頭腦風(fēng)暴”，尋找解決問題的方法，因此，B項(xiàng)“Writedownideasandbrainstorm（寫下想法并進(jìn)行頭腦風(fēng)暴）”切題，該選項(xiàng)統(tǒng)領(lǐng)本段，下文詳細(xì)解釋了具體如何去構(gòu)思想法和進(jìn)行頭腦風(fēng)暴，且該選項(xiàng)中的“brainstorm"與上文“brainstorming"相呼應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。根據(jù)上文“It'sappealingtoengageinmultipletaskstogetthingsdone.（參與多項(xiàng)任務(wù)而去完成任務(wù)是很有吸引力的）”以及下一句“However,sometasksmayrequireextremefocusing.（然而，有些任務(wù)可能需要極度專注）”可知，完成多項(xiàng)任務(wù)是很有吸引力的，但是并不是任何情況下都可以多任務(wù)，有些任務(wù)需要專注，推知，該空與下文'有些任務(wù)可能需要極度專注”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Multitaskingmaynotbeabadwayofclearingyourdeskandgeneratingresults.（多任務(wù)處理可能是清理辦公桌并產(chǎn)生結(jié)果的好方法）”切題，該選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合上下文句意，且該選項(xiàng)中的"Multitasking”與上文中的“multipletasks”相呼應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)。根據(jù)上文“Meditatewhenyoucan.（盡可能地冥想）”與下文“You'relikelytoproduceverylittleresultswhenyourmindisblockedandtired.Meditationisagreatwaytoregenerateandfacilitateyourrestorationprocess.（當(dāng)你的大腦被阻塞和疲勞時，你很可能不會產(chǎn)生什么結(jié)果。冥想是一種很好的恢復(fù)和促進(jìn)你的重建過程的方法）”可知，當(dāng)大腦被阻塞或疲勞時，大腦思維不靈活，而冥想是一種很好的恢復(fù)方法，推知大腦得到休息恢復(fù)后可能產(chǎn)生靈感。因此，E選項(xiàng)“Restingthemindcanbeanotherformofinspiration.（休息的思想可以是另一種形式的靈感）”切題，該選項(xiàng)承上啟下，且選項(xiàng)中的“Restingthemind”與上文中的“Meditate”相呼應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)。第二部分語言知識運(yùn)用第一節(jié)答案：21.D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.B27.D28.A29.D30.B31.C32.A33.C34.B35.A36.C37.D38.A39.C40.B解析：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了31年來，鞋匠AlbertLexie辛勤工作，把自己擦鞋掙得的小費(fèi)全部捐給了看不起病的孩子們的感人故事?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：31年來，AlbertLexie一直在努力工作，天不亮就起床，然后坐兩個小時的公共汽車到匹茲堡。A.comingback回來；B.walkingaround四處走動；C.watchingout小心；D.wakingup醒來。根據(jù)上文“For31years,AlbertLexiekeptworkinghard"以及下文“beforedawnandmakingthenearlytwo-hourjourney'可推知，此處指AlbertLexie辛勤工作了31年，他總是天不亮?xí)r就醒來，然后去乘坐兩小時的公交車。故選D項(xiàng)?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意：有這種奉獻(xiàn)精神，你可能會認(rèn)為他從事的是醫(yī)生或護(hù)士之類的工作，一個需要長時間工作、收入高的職位。A.started開始；B.worked工作；C.felt感覺D.grew擴(kuò)大。根據(jù)下文“asaphysicianornurse”可推知，此處指大家可能會以為AlbertLexie的工作是一名醫(yī)生或護(hù)士。故選B項(xiàng)?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意：有這種奉獻(xiàn)精神，你可能會認(rèn)為他從事的是醫(yī)生或護(hù)士之類的工作，一個需要長時間工作、收入高的職位。A.history歷史；B.development發(fā)展；C.hours小時；D.distances距離。根據(jù)上文“workedasaphysicianornurse,somepositionthatrequired'和常識可推知，此處指像醫(yī)生或護(hù)士之類的，需要長時間的工作。固定搭配'longhours”意為“長時間”。故選C項(xiàng)?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意：有這種奉獻(xiàn)精神，你可能會認(rèn)為他從事的是醫(yī)生或護(hù)士之類的工作，一個需要長時間工作、收入高的職位。A.income收入；B.degree程度；C.quality質(zhì)量；D.speed速度。根據(jù)上文“heworkedasaphysicianornurse,somepositionthatrequiredlonghoursandcamewithahigh”和常識可推知，此處指像醫(yī)生或護(hù)士之類的，是需要長時間工作、收入高的職位。故選A項(xiàng)?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：但你錯了。A.different不同的；B.strange奇怪的；C.interested感興趣的；D.wrong錯誤的。根據(jù)上文“you'dthink”和轉(zhuǎn)折連詞“But”以及下文“Sixteentoseventeenpairs,twiceaweek,$3apop.”可推知，AlbertLexie是鞋匠，不是醫(yī)生或護(hù)士之類的，工資不高，此處指人們對于AlbertLexie的猜測是錯誤的。故選D項(xiàng)?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意：從1982年到2013年，Albert做著擦鞋的工作。A.made制造；B.shined擦亮；C.sold出售；D.designed設(shè)計。根據(jù)下文“hisfirstshoeshinebox”可推知，此處指Albert的工作是擦鞋。故選B項(xiàng)?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意：但正是他用這些小費(fèi)所做的事情為他贏得了贊許和獎勵。A.offered提供；B.showed展示；C.cost花費(fèi)；D.won贏得。根據(jù)下文“himheartsandmanyawards”以及“Hewashonoredand14bymagazinesandorganizations.5可推知，此處指AlbertLexie用掙得小費(fèi)所做的事情（把小費(fèi)給了看不起病的孩子們）為他贏得了贊許和獎勵。故選D項(xiàng)?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意：他把20萬美元的小費(fèi)全部捐給了FreeCareFund，該基金幫助無保險兒童和貧困兒童支付醫(yī)療費(fèi)用。A.gifted向贈送；B.returned返回；C.lent借給D.reported報告。根據(jù)下文“histips,all$200,000ofthem,toFreeCareFund'可推知，此處指Albert把他掙得的小費(fèi)全部捐贈給了FreeCareFund。故選A項(xiàng)?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意：他把20萬美元的小費(fèi)全部捐給了FreeCareFund，該基金幫助無保險兒童和貧困兒童支付醫(yī)療費(fèi)用。A.research研究；B.education教育；C.records記錄；D.bills賬單。根據(jù)上文“FreeCareFund,whichhelpscoverthemedical"以及下文“foruninsuredandpoorchildren'可推知，此處指FreeCareFund幫助未參保兒童和貧困兒童支付醫(yī)療費(fèi)用。故選D項(xiàng)?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意：他只上完了八年級，但那一年他做了他的第一個擦鞋盒，作為課堂作業(yè)的一部分，也就是他從1982年到2013年使用的那個。A.borrowed借；B.built建造；C.cleaned打掃；D.drew繪畫。根據(jù)下文“hisfirstshoeshineboxthatyearaspartofaclassassignment"可推知，此處指Albert在八年級時做了一個擦鞋盒作為課堂作業(yè)。故選B項(xiàng)考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他只上完了八年級，但那一年他做了他的第一個擦鞋盒，作為課堂作業(yè)的一部分，也就是他從1982年到2013年使用的那個。A.hid隱蔽；B.passed通過；C.used使用；D.repaired修復(fù)。根據(jù)上文“hisfirstshoeshinebox"和“that'stheone"以及下文“from1982to2013"可推知，此處指他從1982年到2013年一直在使用的那個擦鞋盒就是他八年級做的課堂作業(yè)。故選C項(xiàng)?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意：這些年的服務(wù)和付出并沒有被忽視。A.service服務(wù)；B.study學(xué)習(xí)；C.struggle斗爭；D.progress進(jìn)步。根據(jù)上文“Albertshinedshoes"和“Hegiftedhistips,all$200,000ofthem,toFreeCareFund"以及下文“anddevotion"可推知，此處指Albert多年的服務(wù)和付出。故選A項(xiàng)?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：這些年的服務(wù)和付出并沒有被忽視。A.far遙遠(yuǎn)的；B.smooth平穩(wěn)的；C.unnoticed被忽視的；D.unchecked不受限制的。根據(jù)下文“Hewashonoredand34bymagazinesandorganizations."可推知，此處指Albert多年的服務(wù)和付出并沒有被忽視，他受到了表揚(yáng)。故選C項(xiàng)?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意：他受到多家雜志和組織的尊重和贊揚(yáng)。A.influenced影響；B.praised贊揚(yáng)；C.protected保護(hù)；D.congratulated祝賀。根據(jù)上文“thoseyearsofserviceanddevotioncertainlydidn'tgounnoticed"和“Hewashonored"可推知，此處指Albert多年的服務(wù)和付出并沒有被忽視，他受到了多家雜志和組織的尊重和贊揚(yáng)。故選B項(xiàng)。考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：顯然，他干這行不是為了錢，而且在這樣不尋常的時間上下班也不容易，尤其是他開始變老了。A.money錢；B.surprise驚喜；C.fun樂趣；D.advice建議。根據(jù)上文“thoseyearsofserviceanddevotion"以及下文“andgettingtoandftomworkatsuchunusualhours"和“hestartedgettingolder"可推知，此處指Albert無私奉獻(xiàn)，辛勤勞動，干這行并不是為了錢。故選A項(xiàng)?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：顯然，他干這行不是為了錢，而且在這樣不尋常的時間上下班也不容易，尤其是他開始變老了。A.necessary必要的；B.safe安全的；C.easy容易的；D.fair公平的。根據(jù)上文“gettingtoandfromworkatsuchunusualhourscouldn'thavebeen"以及下文“especiallyashestartedgettingolder"可推知，此處指Albert開始變老了，在這樣不尋常的時間上下班并不容易。故選C項(xiàng)?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：我每天都來上班，因?yàn)橛鲆姴煌娜?、和他們交談、愉快的玩耍、做事都令人很快樂。A.boring無聊的；B.meaningless無意義的；C.amusing好笑的；D.enjoyable使人快樂的。根據(jù)下文“havefun"可推知，Albert認(rèn)為工作會令人快樂。故選D項(xiàng)?？疾檫B詞詞義辨析。句意：兒童醫(yī)院是我最喜歡的地方，因?yàn)槲铱梢钥吹胶芏嗪⒆?，握著他們的小手，試著送給他們小玩具，做諸如此類的事情。A.because因?yàn)?；B.unless除非；C.while當(dāng)時；D.though雖然。根據(jù)上文“Children'sHospitalismyfavoriteplace"以及下文“shaketheirlittlehandsandtrytogivelittletoysaway"可推知，此處是在解釋Albert喜歡兒童醫(yī)院的原因。故選A項(xiàng)?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意：兒童醫(yī)院是我最喜歡的地方，因?yàn)槲铱梢钥吹胶芏嗪⒆?，握著他們的小手，試著送給他們小玩具，做諸如此類的事情。A.graduates畢業(yè)生；B.experts專家；C.kids小孩；D.elders年長者。根據(jù)上文“Children'sHospitalismyfavoriteplace"可推知，此處指Albert在兒童醫(yī)院可以看到很多孩子。故選C項(xiàng)?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意：通過講述他的故事，我們希望鼓勵世界上更多的人去做好