主謂一致原則省名師優(yōu)質(zhì)課賽課獲獎?wù)n件市賽課百校聯(lián)賽優(yōu)質(zhì)課一等獎?wù)n件

主謂一致標準1/23I____(be)astudent.He____(be)ateacher.We____(be)allworkinghard.2.I_____(have)alotofstorybooks.

一、語法一致性標準：即主語是單數(shù)，謂語動詞就使用單數(shù)形式；主語是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞就使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。主謂一致標準:在英語句子中,謂語動詞必須保持與主語人稱和數(shù)一致性所應(yīng)遵照標準.amisarehave2/23Someone____(be)waitingforyou.2.There____(be)nothinginthebox.3.Noone_____(know)thetruth.isisknows注1:由不定代詞every,some,no,any與thing,body或one

合成不定代詞在句中作主語時都視為單數(shù),所以謂語動詞要使用單數(shù)形式.1.LiMingandLiHua____(be)brothers.2.Thesingerandthedancer_____(come)fromXian.3.Thesingeranddancer______(come)fromXian.4.Breadandbutter_____(be)herfavoritefood.arecomecomes注2:兩個或兩個以上并列主語由and連接時,假如表示不一樣概念,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù),假如表示同一概念,謂語動詞要用單數(shù).(通常共用一個冠詞,表示兼屬)is3/231.Everymanandeverywoman______(attend)themeeting.2.Manyaboyandmanyagirl_____(have)readthebook.3.Morethanonestudent____(like)playingbasketball.attendshaslikes注3:用“every/each/no/manya/morethanone/nolessthanone+單數(shù)名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù).二、意義一致性標準:主、謂語一致不是依據(jù)其外部語法形態(tài)來決定,而是取決于主語所表示內(nèi)在含義.主語形式雖為單數(shù),但在意義上卻為復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞應(yīng)采取復(fù)數(shù)形式;主語形式雖為復(fù)數(shù),但在意義上視為單數(shù),謂語動詞應(yīng)采取單數(shù)形式.

4/231.Halfofhermoney____(be)spentonclothes.2.Halfofthestudents_____(be)fromthecountry.3.Aboutonethirdoffarmers_____(be)gettingrich.4.Aboutonethirdofthewater____(have)beenwasted5.Mostofhistime___(be)wasted.6.Mostofthewindows______(have)beencleaned.注1:由“all,some,half,most,none,neither,part,plenty,alot,therest,majority,percentage以及小數(shù),分數(shù),百分數(shù)+不可數(shù)名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.由“all,some,half,most,none,neither,part,plenty,lot,therest,percentage,majority以及小數(shù),分數(shù),百分數(shù)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式”作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.isarearehasishave5/23acoupleof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)動詞agroupof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)動詞agreat/gooddealof/alargeamountof+不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動詞alotof/lotsof/alargequantityof/quantitiesof/plentyof+不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)動詞alotof/lotsof/alargequantityof/quantitiesof/plentyof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)動詞6/231.Thepeopleinthecity___(be)veryfriendly.2.Thecattle___(be)eatinggrassinthefield.areare注2:people,police,cattle

等作主語時,謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式.1.Myfamily_____(enjoy)sportsandgames.2.Myfamily_____(have)movedintothenewhouse.enjoyhas注3:集體名詞:family,government,class,crew,team,group,staff,audience,committee,public等作主語時,假如作為一個整體對待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，強調(diào)群體中每一個詳細組員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。7/231.Theinjured____(have)beentakentohospital.2.Theyoung___(be)requiredtorespecttheold.3.Thenew___(be)suretotaketheplaceoftheold.haveareis注4:“the+形容詞/動詞過去分詞”作主語,表示一類人時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.“the+形容詞”作主語,表示某個抽象概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.1.Thenews___(be)exciting.2.Physics___(be)difficulttolearn.isis注5:有些以s結(jié)尾名詞并非復(fù)數(shù),所以他們在作主語時,謂語動詞要使用單數(shù)形式.如:news,politics,maths,physics,economics等.8/231.Threemilliontonsofsteel_____(be)producedinthefactorylastyear.2.There____(be)500squarekilometersofsand.wereare注6:不可數(shù)名詞前假如有表示詳細數(shù)量復(fù)數(shù)名詞修飾時,其謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.1.Anumberofstudents____(be)diligent.2.Thenumberofstudents____(be)increasing.areis★anumberof/numbersof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式表“許多”thenumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式表“……數(shù)量”What____(be)thepopulationofEuropenow?is注7：population作主語,表示“人口”時，謂語動詞通慣用單數(shù)形式。9/231.Asheep____(be)underthetree.2.Aflockofsheep_____(be)nearthetree.3.Allpossiblemeans_____(have)beentried.4.Everypossiblemeans_____(have)beentried.isarehavehas

單復(fù)數(shù)同形名詞如：sheep,deer,means（方法）,works（工廠）,species（種類）作主語時，謂語動詞要隨名詞概念不一樣而用對應(yīng)單、復(fù)數(shù)。Chinese____(be)ratherdifficulttolearn.TheChinese_____(be)veryhardworking.isareChinese,English,French,Japanese等作主語表示語言時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；表示某國人時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。10/23Apairoftrousers_____(be)foundunderthebed.Histrousers_____(be)ofgoodquality.

wasare

表示衣物或工具等名詞，如：trousers,shoes,scissors,glasses,compasses,chopsticks是由兩部分組成，單獨作主語時，謂語動詞普通用復(fù)數(shù)；但假如與“apairof”等表示數(shù)量單位短語一起組成主語時，謂語動詞則用單數(shù)形式。TheUnitedNations_____(be)inNewYorkCity.TheOlympicGames_____(be)heldeveryfouryears.isis作主語復(fù)數(shù)專有名詞指一個國家、地域、機構(gòu)、奧運會或一物時，用單數(shù)動詞。Such____(be)hislife.Such____(be)thefacts.isare作主語such指人時，用復(fù)數(shù)動詞；指物時，謂語用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)視其含義而定。11/23三、整體性標準：主語從句，不定式，動名詞短語，以及表示時間，距離，金錢，價格等復(fù)數(shù)名詞用作主語時，普通視為一個整體，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式。1.Reading____(be)apleasure.2.100dollars____(be)notasmallnumber.3.5000miles____(be)alongdistance.4.WhenwewillgotoBeijing____(be)notyetdecided.5.Tohelppoorpeople____(be)ourduty.isisisisis1.Whathewants___(be)money,whilewhatwewant____(be)goodbooks.2.Whathesaysanddoes____(do)notagree.isaredo注:what引導(dǎo)主語從句①表語是單數(shù),謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;表語是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.②表示兩件事時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.12/231.EitherAnnorJane_______(come)fromUSA.2.NeitherhenorI______(have)finishthework.3.Notonlyhisfamilybutalsohe_____(like)Chaplin’smovies.4.There____(be)fivepensandabookonthedesk.comeshavelikesare四、就近標準:即由成正確連詞either…or…/neither…nor…/notonly…butalso…/not…but…/therebe…等連接兩個主語,其謂語動詞和鄰近那個主語保持一致.1.Heaswellashisfamily_____(like)Chaplin’snovels.2.Nooneexceptmyparents______(know)anythingaboutit.3.She,likeherclassmates,___(be)goodatsinging.likesknowsis五、附加性標準:由with/togetherwith/but/except/like/aswellas等連接名詞或代詞,它只是主語附加成份,其謂語動詞仍依照前面名詞或代詞來確定.(也叫就前標準)13/23I,who_____(be)yourfriend,willtrytohelpyou.amDoyouknowthesingeranddancerwho___(be)standingthere?isDoyouknowthesingerandthedancerwho_____(be)standingthere?areThisisoneofthebestnovelsthat_______(be)writtenbyLuXun.wereHeistheonlyoneofthestudentswho___(be)late.is假如主謂一致是在定語從句中考查，則要注意從句謂語動詞要先與先行詞保持一致。不過假如先行詞有oneof修飾時，定語從句謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)；假如先行詞有theoneof或theonlyoneof修飾時，定語從句謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。14/231.HeandI_____(be)goodfriends.2.Eachminuteand(each)second___(be)valuabletous.3.Nosoundand(no)voice___(be)heard.4.Heorhisbrothers____(be)thisafternoon.5.Eitherheoryou______(have)hiddenmybook.6.Heaswellasyou____(be)warm-hearted.7.Heisonlyoneoftheteachers,who____(be)devotedtoteaching.8.SomeoneIdonotknow___(be)coming.9.NiagaraFalls____(be)thelargestwaterfallinAmerica.areisisarehaveisareisis15/2310.Threeyears___(be)toolongatimeformetowait.11.Which_____(be)prettier,theseorthose?12.Whatheneeds_____(be)somehelpers.13.Sixmilliontonsofcoal______(be)exportedlastyear.14.100miles_____(be)coveredinasinglenight.15.Suchas(Thosewho)_____(have)plentyofmoneydonotwantforfriends.16.TheFrench_____(be)famousfortheirgoodwines.17.“Politics____(be)moredifficultthanphysics,”saidEinstein.18.Earlytobedandearlytorise_______(make)amanhealthy,wealthyandwise.isarearewerehaveareiswasmakes16/2319.Themajorityofstudents______(find)itquitehardtoliveontheamountofmoneytheyget.20.Whatpercentageofchildren______(be)absentyesterday?21.Whatpercentageofhisincome____(be)paidinincometax?22.Apairofscissors_____(have)beentaken.23.Thosearemine,Bob;therest_____(be)yours.24.There_____(be)onlyasmallquantityofwaterleft.25.Which____(be)morevaluable,healthorwealth?

findwereishasareisis17/23練習(xí):1.NobodybutJane____thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown(86)2.Everyone,menandwomen,oldandyoung______sportsandgames.isenjoy B.wereenjoyingC.enjoys D.enjoy3.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be(89)BCB18/234.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_______tothenationasagift.

A.isofferedB.haveofferedC.areofferedD.hasoffered(90)

5.Thenumberofpeopleinvited______fifty,butanumberofthem____absentfordifferentreasons.

A.were,wasB.was,wasC.was,wereD.were,were(96)

6.Thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthat____asked.

A.haveB.hasC.havebeenD.hasbeenACC19/237.Thesingerandthedancer______cometothemeeting.

A.hasB.haveC.areD.is

8.Ihavefinishedalargepartofthebook;therest_____moredifficult.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

9.Thewounded_______bythehospital.

A.havebeentakeninC.hasbeentakenin

C.havetakeninD.hastakeninBAA20/2310.Allbutone____herejustnow.A.isB.