高中英語語法點總梳理(配例題和練習(xí))

高中語法總知識點梳理課件制作人：Ivory感謝蔣淑娟老師，課件大部分內(nèi)容取材于蔣老師的新浪博客的《高中語法總知識點梳理》考點1.動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)(1)Thesunwassettingdownwhenmycar______(break)downneararemoteandpoorvillage.(07廣東)(2)Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften________(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.（08廣東）(3)Peoplesteppedonyourfeetor______(push)youwiththeirelbows.（09廣東）brokeresultspushed(4)“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane_______________(inform).（09廣東）(5)Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman____________(present)thewatertotheoldman.（10廣東）(6)He________________(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.（11廣東）wasinformedpresentedwaspretending解題時：1)先判斷所給動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞，2)謂語動詞的話，判斷用主動語態(tài)還是被動語態(tài)，3)判斷用那種時態(tài)（根據(jù)具體的語境、時間狀語或另一動詞）。4)確定所填動詞的形式，保證謂語動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的一致。5)特別注意：時態(tài)變化時不規(guī)則動詞的拼寫。考點2.非謂語動詞(1)Whileshewasgettingme_______(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom.（07廣東）(2)TheProverb,“Pluckingupacrop________(help)itgrow,”isbasedthefollowingstory.（08廣東）(3)Shewishedthathewasaseasy________(please)ashermother.（09廣東）(4)Hespititout,______(say)itwasawful.（10廣東）(5)---andthenInoticedaman__________(sit)atthefront.（11廣東）settledtohelptopleasesayingsitting/sit解題：1)確定非謂語動詞；（先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，若句子已有謂語動詞且不是并列謂語時，所給的動詞就是非謂語動詞）2)確定用哪種非謂語動詞；（在句子中作什么句子成分，結(jié)合固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法）3)確定語態(tài)；（結(jié)合與邏輯主語的關(guān)系，確定填那種語態(tài)）4)確定用那種時態(tài)；（非謂語動詞所表示的動作與句中謂語動詞的動作生的先后關(guān)系確定時態(tài)）考點3.情態(tài)動詞（廣東高考這幾年沒出現(xiàn)）小結(jié)：情態(tài)動詞主要考查：推測和可能性；情態(tài)動詞+Havedone；虛擬語氣；shall,should,can和must所表示的特定語氣。重點注意：1)must,can,could,may,might表示可能性(按可能性大小排列)。2)must/could/may/might(havedone)表示對發(fā)生事情的推測。3)should/ought+to+havedone表示對過去的責(zé)備。4)will/shall表示請求、許可。5)could/might/should+havedone表示虛擬語氣等?？键c4.冠詞（1）---theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto_____smalltownsome20kilometersaway.(07廣東)（2）Shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot______pleasantexperience.(09廣東)（3）Ayoungmancameacrossaspringofclearwater,_______waterwassweet.(10廣東)（4）Wehad_______amazingconversation.(11廣東)aathean小結(jié)：冠詞是高考的常考點。若空格后面的名詞或形容詞+名詞前沒有物主代詞、不定代詞、名詞所有格、指示代詞等限定詞時，很可能填冠詞。實戰(zhàn)：1)如果空格及后面的名詞可翻譯成“一個（本、種、杯------）”時，一般填a/an.如果可翻譯成“這、這些、那、那些”時，一般填the.2)泛指填a\an,特指填the.3)如果名詞后面有:of短語、不定式、分詞或從句等做定語時可能填the.考點5.名詞、數(shù)詞(1).ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather_______(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.(09廣東)小結(jié)：要注意語境中詞性的判斷、詞的轉(zhuǎn)換、序號和倍數(shù)的表示法。廣東考題常給出提示詞要求用它的正確形式填空做法：1.判斷是否填名詞；（一般在冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格和一些不定代詞后面）；2.注意名詞的活用和具體的考查方式；1)考名詞的書寫方式2)單復(fù)數(shù)變化；3)名詞修飾名詞等。choice考點6.形容詞、副詞(1)Wedranktogetherandtalked________(merry)tillfarintothenight.（07廣東38）(2)Hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”_______(high).(08廣東38)(3)Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled_______(warm)，andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.（10廣東34）merrilyhigherwarmly(4)“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe_________(sweet).”（10廣東39）(5)IleftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment_______(late)thatday.(11廣東16)(6)Hemustbe_________(mental)disabled.（11廣東20）小結(jié)：主要考查點是形容詞作定語、形容詞和副詞的比較級、形容詞和副詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換等。

sweeterlatermentally實戰(zhàn)：1)先分析句子成分，作定語、表語、補語等用形容詞；修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、或整個句子用副詞；注意：形容詞（短語）可作伴隨狀語或結(jié)果狀語。2)結(jié)合上下文，分清句子結(jié)構(gòu)，正確處理級的變化；注意隱含的比較級。3)注意特殊的形容詞、副詞的比較等級的句型。實戰(zhàn)：4)注意比較級的修飾詞:

表“稍微”abit,alittle,some,any；表“------得多”much,verymuch,far,agreat/gooddeal,byfar,alot;表“更加”still,even,rather,yet等以及另外一些表程度的修飾詞（序數(shù)、倍數(shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)等）考點7.代詞(1)Thatnightmyhostesshadoneofthehensendupinadishonmytable.______________villagersbroughtmegoat’scheeseandhone.（07廣東37）(2)IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused______.（07廣東40）(3)Ashort-temperedmanwasanxioustohelp_____ricecropgrowupquickly.（08廣東34）(4)Hewasthinkingabout_______dayandnight.（08廣東35）other/someherhisthis/it(5)Sherememberhowdifficult______wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.（09廣東31）(6)Althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease_______.(09廣東38)(7)Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet_______studenttastethewater.（10廣東36）(8)“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike______?”(10廣東38)(9)Behindhimwereotherpeopletowhomhewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes______walkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.(11廣東22)ithimanotheritthey?？键c：⑴不定代詞的用法。⑵替代詞it,that,those,one/ones的用法。⑶it的特殊用法。⑷指示代詞this,that,these,those,such等的用法。⑸人稱代詞格的變化。⑹物主代詞、反身代詞及疑問代詞的用法。應(yīng)考慮的問題：⑴代詞代的是人還是物。⑵代詞代的是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞。⑶代詞代的是特指還是泛指。⑷代詞指代的概念是表示兩者之間還是三者或三者以上。⑸代詞表示的是肯定還是否定概念。⑹修飾名詞的不定代詞（another,theother,many,much,either,neither,both,any,all,each等）考點8.介詞(1)Irealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingastowhoshouldhavethehonorofreceivingme______aguestintheirhouse.（07廣東33）(2)----,Iwantedtorewardtheoldwoman____thetroubleIhadcausedher.（07廣東40）(3)________theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.（08廣東31）(4)Hewasverytired_____doingthisforawholeday.（08廣東36）asforBehind

after(5)Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes_______sale.（09廣東37）(6)WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready______tablehavingdinner.（09廣東39）(7)Theyoungmanwenthome_______ahappyheart(10廣東)(8)Ididn’tlikeleavinghim________one’sown,either.(11廣東23)onatwithon考點：⑴介詞與動詞、名詞、形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配。⑵常用介詞的用法。要弄清楚：1.可以作賓語（介賓或動賓）的結(jié)構(gòu)（名詞、代詞、動名詞、從句）2.若空格后是上面提到的結(jié)構(gòu)且不在句中作主語，又不在動詞后面作賓語，那么這個空格就很可能用介詞。3.習(xí)慣搭配就靠大家多記、多積累?？键c9.從句

(定語從句、狀語從句、名詞性從句)一、定語從句(1)Theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittoasmalltownsome20kilometersaway________therewasagarage.（07廣東）(2)Janepausedinfrontofacounter_________someattractivetieswereondisplay.（09廣東）(3)Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder________hadbeenhisteacher.(10廣東)(4)Behindhimwereotherpeopleto________hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutestheywalkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.(11廣東21)wherewherewhowhom小結(jié)：考點：

關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選用、非限定性定語從句。熱點：

由whose,where,when,that,as和“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。注意：1.when引導(dǎo)的定語從句2.where引導(dǎo)的定語從句和狀語從句、表語從句的區(qū)別3.which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句和并列句的區(qū)別4.as和which的區(qū)別，such---as和thesame---as的用法。5.分隔式定語從句的識別6.只能用that不用that的情況7.同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別8.定語從句的主謂一致二、狀語從句(1)Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisawholeday,______hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.(08廣東)(2)Myfriendwalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwithme_________thebusarrived.(11廣東17)buttill/until三．名詞性從句(1)---Irealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingasto_______shouldhavethehonorofreceivingmeasaguestintheirhouse.(07廣東)(2)---hecameupwithanidea______hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.(08廣東)(3)Weunderstandthislessonbest_________wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren.(10廣東)w