科技英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作 PPT

TranslationofNumers

西電研二References:科技英語(yǔ)中倍數(shù)的表達(dá)與翻譯高秀麗科技文中倍數(shù)的譯法顧玉芳科技英語(yǔ)閱讀與翻譯教材李健科技英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法教材秦荻輝Numbersfrequentlyappearinscientificandtechnicalpaperswhencomparisionsaremadebetweentwoobjectsorthechangesandquantitiesareindicated.IftheexpressionsaresimiliarinusingthenumbersinEnglishandChinese,therewillbenoproblems.Atitsclosest,theasteroidwasabout450,000milesaway,roughlytwicethedistancebetweentheearthandthemoon.最接近的時(shí)候，那顆小行星距離地球大約45萬(wàn)英里，差不多等于地球和月球距離之間的2倍。Theoilproductionrisesattherateof28percentayear.原油產(chǎn)量以每年28%的速率增長(zhǎng)。However,duetodifferencesofthetwolanguage,therearesomeexpressionswhichcannotbetranslatedintothetargetlanguagedirectly,andsomechangeshavetobemade.Theseexpressionsmainlyinvolvecomparisonsofquantities(includingsize,height,width,andvolume,etc.)aswellastheincreaseanddecreaseinquantities.1.Integer&approximatenumber2.over&under3.atleast&atmost&between4.Numeralsinmultiples5.Theincreaseofnumerals6.ThedecreaseofnumeralsIntegerandapproximatenumbers英語(yǔ)中常用flat,cool,sharp,exactly,whole,just等詞修飾數(shù)字，表示“正好，恰好，整整”等英語(yǔ)中也常用about,some,around,round,approximately,closeto,nearly,towards等詞修飾數(shù)字，表“大約，上下，將近，幾乎”等1.Hefinishedtheexperimentintwenty-fourhoursflat.他完成這一實(shí)驗(yàn)正好用了24小時(shí).2.Thephysiciantreatedcool30patientsthatday.

這位內(nèi)科醫(yī)生那天正好看了30個(gè)病人.3.Theplanetakesoffat7o'clocksharp.

這架飛機(jī)7點(diǎn)整起飛.4.Themachineworkedfortenwholedays.

這臺(tái)機(jī)器整整運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)了10天.5.Thewiremeasuresexacttenmeters.

這條導(dǎo)線(xiàn)剛好10米長(zhǎng).6.Thevolumeofthesunisabout/some/around/

round1,300,000timesthatoftheearth.

太陽(yáng)的體積約為地球的130萬(wàn)倍.7.Itisnearly/towards4'oclock.

現(xiàn)在將近4點(diǎn)鐘.8.Thepriceofthisnewmachineisintheneighborhoodof/oftheorderofathousanddollars.

這臺(tái)新機(jī)器的價(jià)格約為1000美元.9.Noisefigureintheborderof4to5dBat2Ghzhasbeenreported.

據(jù)稱(chēng)，在2,000兆赫時(shí)，噪聲系數(shù)約為4-5分貝.10.Accordingtotheweatherman,thetemperaturewillbeup5°Corso.

據(jù)天氣預(yù)報(bào)，氣溫將升高5°C左右.Over&under英語(yǔ)中常用morethan,odd,over,above,exceed,upwardsof,ormore,higherthan,intheexcessof修飾,表“超過(guò),以上,有余,高于,多于”Twosub-types英語(yǔ)中也常用under,below,less,lessthan,nomorethan,shortof,offto,within,asfewas修飾,表“不到,少于,以下”1.Pigironisanalloyofironandcarbonwiththecarboncontentmorethantwopercent.

生鐵是鐵碳合金，其中碳含量超過(guò)2%.2.Onlywhenarocketattainsaspeedof18,ooooddmilesperhour,canitputamanmadesatelliteinorbit.

只有當(dāng)火箭速度達(dá)到每小時(shí)18,000多英里時(shí)，才能把人造衛(wèi)星送入軌道.3.Over/Above/Morethan/Notlessthan100chemicalelementsareknowntoman;oftheseabout80aremetals.

人類(lèi)已知的化學(xué)元素有100種以上，其中有80種是金屬.4.Upwardsofseventhousandmedicalworkershaveleftfortheearthquakedistrict.

有7000多名醫(yī)務(wù)人員前往震區(qū)。5.Thepatientsarechildrenofthreeyearsoldandupwards.

這些病人是三歲和三歲以上的兒童.6.Theefficiencyofthebestoftheseenginesisunder/below/lessthan/nomorethan40%.

這些發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)中效率最好的也不到40%.7.Ittookthreeyearslessthanonemonthforthemtodevelopthenewmaterial.

他們花了三年差一個(gè)月研制這種材料.8.Helium(氮)intheairisalittleunder1%.

空氣中氮的含量略低于1%.atleast&atmost&betweenAtleast1英語(yǔ)中常用full,solid,atleast,allof,nolessthan,as...as修飾,表“數(shù)目大，數(shù)量多”2英語(yǔ)中常用only,merely,barely,scarcely,but,atmost,nomorethan,scant修飾,表“數(shù)目小,數(shù)量少”Atmost3英語(yǔ)中常用fromto,betweenand/to,修飾數(shù)字,表范圍,譯為“從...到,在...之間”等Between1.TheycoveredfulltwentyreferencesourcesonAIDSinasingleday.

他們僅僅用了一天時(shí)間，就看完了足足20種有關(guān)艾滋病的資料.2.Themotorran450soliddaysonend.

馬達(dá)連續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)了足有450天.3.Theexperimentwilltakethreedays,atleast.

實(shí)驗(yàn)至少需要三天時(shí)間.4.Thetemperatureatthesun'scenterisashighas

10,000,000°C.太陽(yáng)中心的溫度高達(dá)攝氏1000萬(wàn)度.5.Therewerenolessthanfiftywoundedinthetrafficaccident.

在這場(chǎng)交通事故中，受傷者多達(dá)50人.6.Thatsolar-energycarweighsonly/merely/barely/scarcely/but500kg.那輛太陽(yáng)能汽車(chē)僅重500公斤.7.Inspectiontimefortheinstallationwasnomorethan2hours.檢驗(yàn)安裝歐諾工作僅用了兩小時(shí).8.Thereisonlyatmostroomforoneperson.

至多只有可容納一個(gè)人的空間.9.Theenergyofthefuelwastedbythereciprocat-ingsteamengineisbetween80and/to85percent.

往復(fù)式蒸汽機(jī)浪費(fèi)的燃料能量為80%至85%.10.Theladlerefiningtimetakesonaveragebetween3and4hoursdependingonthetreatmentrequired.

桶內(nèi)精煉時(shí)間平均為3到4小時(shí),這要視所需要的處理而定.NumeralsinmultiplestimesBentimesas+形容詞/副詞+as...Bentimes+形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)+thanBe+比較級(jí)+than+名詞+byntimesBe+比較級(jí)+byafactorof+n表示“是...的幾倍”againas+形容詞、副詞+againasagainas+形容詞、副詞+as表示“比...多一倍，是...的兩倍”ntimes+形容詞比較級(jí)=ntimes+as+形容詞原級(jí)asThismachineisfivetimesheavierthanthatone.這臺(tái)機(jī)器比那臺(tái)重四倍。這臺(tái)機(jī)器是那臺(tái)的五倍重。提示：這一句型比較特殊，很容易被錯(cuò)譯為“這臺(tái)機(jī)器比那臺(tái)重五倍”。翻譯這種句子時(shí)，請(qǐng)記住這樣一條準(zhǔn)則：英譯漢減一倍,漢譯英加一倍。1.Thesubstancereactsthreetimesasfastastheother.

該物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度是那種物質(zhì)反應(yīng)速度的三倍.(Or該物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度比那種物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度快2倍)2.Thislineisbytwotimeslongerthanthatone.

這條線(xiàn)的長(zhǎng)度是那條線(xiàn)長(zhǎng)度的2倍.(Or這條線(xiàn)比那條線(xiàn)長(zhǎng)1倍)3.Mercuryweighsmorethanwaterbyabout14times.

水銀的重量約為水的14倍.(Or水銀比水重13倍)4.TheerrorprobabilityofbinaryAMisgreaterthanforbinaryFMbyafactorofatleast6.

二進(jìn)制調(diào)幅的誤差概率比二進(jìn)制調(diào)頻至少大5倍.(Or二進(jìn)制調(diào)幅的誤差概率至少是二進(jìn)制調(diào)頻的6倍)5.Thewireisaslongagainasthatone.

這跟金屬線(xiàn)的長(zhǎng)度是那根的2