科技英語寫作 PPT

TranslationofNumers

西電研二References:科技英語中倍數(shù)的表達與翻譯高秀麗科技文中倍數(shù)的譯法顧玉芳科技英語閱讀與翻譯教材李健科技英語語法教材秦荻輝Numbersfrequentlyappearinscientificandtechnicalpaperswhencomparisionsaremadebetweentwoobjectsorthechangesandquantitiesareindicated.IftheexpressionsaresimiliarinusingthenumbersinEnglishandChinese,therewillbenoproblems.Atitsclosest,theasteroidwasabout450,000milesaway,roughlytwicethedistancebetweentheearthandthemoon.最接近的時候，那顆小行星距離地球大約45萬英里，差不多等于地球和月球距離之間的2倍。Theoilproductionrisesattherateof28percentayear.原油產(chǎn)量以每年28%的速率增長。However,duetodifferencesofthetwolanguage,therearesomeexpressionswhichcannotbetranslatedintothetargetlanguagedirectly,andsomechangeshavetobemade.Theseexpressionsmainlyinvolvecomparisonsofquantities(includingsize,height,width,andvolume,etc.)aswellastheincreaseanddecreaseinquantities.1.Integer&approximatenumber2.over&under3.atleast&atmost&between4.Numeralsinmultiples5.Theincreaseofnumerals6.ThedecreaseofnumeralsIntegerandapproximatenumbers英語中常用flat,cool,sharp,exactly,whole,just等詞修飾數(shù)字，表示“正好，恰好，整整”等英語中也常用about,some,around,round,approximately,closeto,nearly,towards等詞修飾數(shù)字，表“大約，上下，將近，幾乎”等1.Hefinishedtheexperimentintwenty-fourhoursflat.他完成這一實驗正好用了24小時.2.Thephysiciantreatedcool30patientsthatday.

這位內(nèi)科醫(yī)生那天正好看了30個病人.3.Theplanetakesoffat7o'clocksharp.

這架飛機7點整起飛.4.Themachineworkedfortenwholedays.

這臺機器整整運轉(zhuǎn)了10天.5.Thewiremeasuresexacttenmeters.

這條導(dǎo)線剛好10米長.6.Thevolumeofthesunisabout/some/around/

round1,300,000timesthatoftheearth.

太陽的體積約為地球的130萬倍.7.Itisnearly/towards4'oclock.

現(xiàn)在將近4點鐘.8.Thepriceofthisnewmachineisintheneighborhoodof/oftheorderofathousanddollars.

這臺新機器的價格約為1000美元.9.Noisefigureintheborderof4to5dBat2Ghzhasbeenreported.

據(jù)稱，在2,000兆赫時，噪聲系數(shù)約為4-5分貝.10.Accordingtotheweatherman,thetemperaturewillbeup5°Corso.

據(jù)天氣預(yù)報，氣溫將升高5°C左右.Over&under英語中常用morethan,odd,over,above,exceed,upwardsof,ormore,higherthan,intheexcessof修飾,表“超過,以上,有余,高于,多于”Twosub-types英語中也常用under,below,less,lessthan,nomorethan,shortof,offto,within,asfewas修飾,表“不到,少于,以下”1.Pigironisanalloyofironandcarbonwiththecarboncontentmorethantwopercent.

生鐵是鐵碳合金，其中碳含量超過2%.2.Onlywhenarocketattainsaspeedof18,ooooddmilesperhour,canitputamanmadesatelliteinorbit.

只有當火箭速度達到每小時18,000多英里時，才能把人造衛(wèi)星送入軌道.3.Over/Above/Morethan/Notlessthan100chemicalelementsareknowntoman;oftheseabout80aremetals.

人類已知的化學元素有100種以上，其中有80種是金屬.4.Upwardsofseventhousandmedicalworkershaveleftfortheearthquakedistrict.

有7000多名醫(yī)務(wù)人員前往震區(qū)。5.Thepatientsarechildrenofthreeyearsoldandupwards.

這些病人是三歲和三歲以上的兒童.6.Theefficiencyofthebestoftheseenginesisunder/below/lessthan/nomorethan40%.

這些發(fā)動機中效率最好的也不到40%.7.Ittookthreeyearslessthanonemonthforthemtodevelopthenewmaterial.

他們花了三年差一個月研制這種材料.8.Helium(氮)intheairisalittleunder1%.

空氣中氮的含量略低于1%.atleast&atmost&betweenAtleast1英語中常用full,solid,atleast,allof,nolessthan,as...as修飾,表“數(shù)目大，數(shù)量多”2英語中常用only,merely,barely,scarcely,but,atmost,nomorethan,scant修飾,表“數(shù)目小,數(shù)量少”Atmost3英語中常用fromto,betweenand/to,修飾數(shù)字,表范圍,譯為“從...到,在...之間”等Between1.TheycoveredfulltwentyreferencesourcesonAIDSinasingleday.

他們僅僅用了一天時間，就看完了足足20種有關(guān)艾滋病的資料.2.Themotorran450soliddaysonend.

馬達連續(xù)運轉(zhuǎn)了足有450天.3.Theexperimentwilltakethreedays,atleast.

實驗至少需要三天時間.4.Thetemperatureatthesun'scenterisashighas

10,000,000°C.太陽中心的溫度高達攝氏1000萬度.5.Therewerenolessthanfiftywoundedinthetrafficaccident.

在這場交通事故中，受傷者多達50人.6.Thatsolar-energycarweighsonly/merely/barely/scarcely/but500kg.那輛太陽能汽車僅重500公斤.7.Inspectiontimefortheinstallationwasnomorethan2hours.檢驗安裝歐諾工作僅用了兩小時.8.Thereisonlyatmostroomforoneperson.

至多只有可容納一個人的空間.9.Theenergyofthefuelwastedbythereciprocat-ingsteamengineisbetween80and/to85percent.

往復(fù)式蒸汽機浪費的燃料能量為80%至85%.10.Theladlerefiningtimetakesonaveragebetween3and4hoursdependingonthetreatmentrequired.

桶內(nèi)精煉時間平均為3到4小時,這要視所需要的處理而定.NumeralsinmultiplestimesBentimesas+形容詞/副詞+as...Bentimes+形容詞/副詞比較級+thanBe+比較級+than+名詞+byntimesBe+比較級+byafactorof+n表示“是...的幾倍”againas+形容詞、副詞+againasagainas+形容詞、副詞+as表示“比...多一倍，是...的兩倍”ntimes+形容詞比較級=ntimes+as+形容詞原級asThismachineisfivetimesheavierthanthatone.這臺機器比那臺重四倍。這臺機器是那臺的五倍重。提示：這一句型比較特殊，很容易被錯譯為“這臺機器比那臺重五倍”。翻譯這種句子時，請記住這樣一條準則：英譯漢減一倍,漢譯英加一倍。1.Thesubstancereactsthreetimesasfastastheother.

該物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度是那種物質(zhì)反應(yīng)速度的三倍.(Or該物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度比那種物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度快2倍)2.Thislineisbytwotimeslongerthanthatone.

這條線的長度是那條線長度的2倍.(Or這條線比那條線長1倍)3.Mercuryweighsmorethanwaterbyabout14times.

水銀的重量約為水的14倍.(Or水銀比水重13倍)4.TheerrorprobabilityofbinaryAMisgreaterthanforbinaryFMbyafactorofatleast6.

二進制調(diào)幅的誤差概率比二進制調(diào)頻至少大5倍.(Or二進制調(diào)幅的誤差概率至少是二進制調(diào)頻的6倍)5.Thewireisaslongagainasthatone.

這跟金屬線的長度是那根的2