2023年研究生考試工商管理碩士(MBA)英語歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年研究生考試工商管理碩士(MBA)英語歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.由于你要搬回青島，并且是和家人永久居住在那兒，因此你要辭去目前的工作，并對領導及同事在工作中給予的信任和支持表達謝意。2.Thereare______thethree-year-oldchildcancount.A.farmorethantoysB.toysfarmorethanC.farmoretoysthanD.farmorethantoys3.邀請信4.Manychangesintheworldofbusinessmayseemsurprisingifwearecompletelyblindtothefuture.Butexpertssaywecansee,atleastpartofitfromwherewestand.Usingchaostheorytounderstandtheinterconnectednessoftheworld—thinkofthe"butterflyeffect"—willhelpusrecognizethecausesofcertain"chancehappenings"andbebetterpreparedtocopewiththem.

TakeAsia'sfinancialcrisis.Inthepast,companieswouldhavesaiditwasjustanotherrandomevent."Thetruthis,manyoftheseseeminglyrandomeventscanaffecttheirbusiness,"saysSanders.

Giventheinterconnectednessoftheglobaleconomy,Sanderssays,it'smoreimportantthaneverthatcompaniesbeawareofemergingissuesandquicklydeterminehowtorespond.Buttodoso,theyneedanorganicandevolvingapproachtoplanning.Theoldplanningmodelfocusedon"forecasting"oneorafewpossiblepathsofevents,whilearevolutionaryparadigmcalled"foresighting"allowsonetomasterthesituationnomatterhowthefutureturnsout.AccordingtoSanders,understandingthepresentistheprimarystepingaininginsightintothefuture.5.______thattheyarefreshfromuniversity,theyoungpeoplehavedoneagoodjob.A.GivingB.BecauseC.GivenD.As6.延誤已給我方帶來極大不便，望函復我方何時可以發(fā)貨。7.Togivepraise______thegivernothingbutamoment'sthoughtandamoment'seffort.A.costsB.tellsC.benefitsD.prizes8.Picassowasanartistwhofundamentallychangedthe______ofartforlatergenerations.A.philosophyB.conceptC.viewpointD.theme9.PartB

Directions:

Inthissectionyouareaskedtowriteanessayofnolessthan150wordsonthetopicof"IsStressaBadThingorGoodThing"Youshouldwriteaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.Pleaseremembertowriteitclearly.

Outlines：(1)有些人認為壓力太可怕了。

(2)有些人認為壓力并不是一件壞事。

(3)你對此評論如何。10.“五一”、“十一”長假豐富了人們的業(yè)余生活，促進了旅游經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，同時也帶來諸如交通擁擠，環(huán)境污染等問題。請就“黃金周”的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與環(huán)保問題向政府有關部門寫一封信，提出自己的見解和建議。11.Troublewasexpectedatthefootballmatch,sothepolicehadtobethere______.A.inplentyB.infullC.innumberD.inforce12.Allherhardwork______intheend,andshefinallypassedtheexam.A.showedoffB.paidoffC.leftoffD.keptoff13.Britain'sCabinetOfficereleasedasweepingreportonthecountry'sfoodpolicy,anddeterminedthatBritonsarewastingtoomuchfood.

Athirdofthefoodboughtforhomeconsumptioniswasted-6.7milliontonnes.Mostofthiscouldhavebeeneaten.WastingfoodcoststheaverageUKfamily￡420ayear.EliminatingtheunnecessarygreenhousegasemissionsthatthiswastedfoodproduceswouldbeequivalenttotakingoneinfivecarsoffUKroads.Byusing60%offoodthrownawaybyhouseholds,enoughenergycouldbegeneratedtoprovidepowerforallthehomesinGlasgowandEdinburgh.

Thiswasteisaddingtotheriseinfoodprices,thereportsaid,inaworldwherefoodoutputmustrisedramatically.Thereportnotesthat,accordingtoareportbytheWorldBank,cerealproductionneedstoincreaseby50percentandmeatproduction80percentbetween2000and2030tomeetglobaldemand.

Thereportnotedthatfoodwastecontributestogreenhouseemissions,partlybecauserottingfoodinlandfillsgeneratesmethane,apowerfulgreenhousegas.Thereportalsosaidthat,becauseofproblemswithstorageordistribution,asmuchas40percentoffoodharvestedinthedevelopingworldiswastedbeforeitreachestheplate.

Intheforewordtothereport,PrimeMinisterGordonBrownsaidthatfoodwasteisaglobalproblem.

Recentfoodpricerisesareapowerfulreminderthataccesstoevermoreaffordablefoodcannotbetakenforgranted,anditisthefamilyfinancesofthepoorestinoursocietythatarehithardestwhenfoodpricesincrease.ButtheprincipalfoodsecuritychallengefortheUKisaglobalone.WecannotdealwithhigherfoodpricesintheUKinisolationfromhigherpricesaroundtheworld-attemptingtopursuenationalfoodsecurityinisolationfromtheglobalcontextisunlikelytobepracticable,sustainableorfinanciallyrational.

AmericansdonotseemtobedoingmuchbetteratconservingfoodthantheircounterpartsacrosstheAtlantic.Lastmonth,TheNewYorkTimesciteda1997studyfromtheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculturethatfoundthatAmericansdiscardanestimated27percentofthefoodavailableforconsumption,aboutapoundperdayperperson.14.Britainhasthehighest______ofroadtrafficintheworld--over60carsforeverymileofroad.A.popularityB.densityC.intensityD.prosperity15.PartA

Directions:

Inthissection,youarerequiredtowritea"LetterofComplaint"accordingtothesituationbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsneatly.

SituationandRequirements:

LiMingrecentlyboughtalaptopcomputer.Afewdayslaterthelaptopstoppedworking.Whenhetookitbacktotheshop,theyrefusedtodealwiththeproblem.Nowyouarerequiredtowritealettertothecustomerservicedepartmentatthecompany'sheadofficeinthenameofLiMing.Yourlettershouldincludethefollowinginformation:

(1)Theproblemwiththelaptop.

(2)Whatexactlyhappenedwhenyoureturntotheshop?

(3)Whatyouwouldlikethecustomerservicedepartmenttodoandanyotherrelevantinformation?

LetterofComplaint

__________16.Manybusinesses'promotioncampaigns______becausetheyneverfulfillwhattheyhavesaidintheirads.A.passawayB.getbyC.fallthroughD.giveaway17.Iwouldneverhave______acourtoflawifIhadn'tbeensodesperate.A.soughtforB.accountedforC.turnedupD.resortedto18.SupposeyouaregoingtostudyabroadandshareanapartmentwithJohn,alocalstudent,writehimanemailto

1)tellhimaboutyourlivinghabits,and

2)askforadviceaboutlivingthere.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.19.Weshouldconcentrateonsharplyreducinginterestratestopulltheeconomyoutof______.A.rejectionB.restrictionC.retreatD.recession20.Tomplacedthebanknotes,______thechangeandreceipts,backinthedrawer.A.morethanB.butforC.thankstoD.alongwith21.Heistheonlyonethatisseniorinage______hersoshecalledhimoldpal.A.overB.againstC.toD.above22.Directions:

Youboughtadigitalcamerainastorelastweek,andyouhavefoundthatthereissomethingwrongwithit.Writealettertothestoremanagertoexplaintheproblem,expressyourcomplaintsandsuggestasolution.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.23.Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally______oftherealitythattheyrepresent.A.reflectionsB.demonstrationsC.illuminationsD.reproductions24.Hisactionsweremore______ofhisrealpurposethanwerehiswords.A.magnificentB.significantC.splendidD.superb25.Theprocessofenteringtheconfinesofpoliticalandeconomicpowercanbepicturedasasysteminwhichpersonsarechosenfromapoliticalelitepool.(1)Inthisreservoirofpossibleleadersaretheindividualswiththeskills,education,andotherqualificationsneededtofillelitepositions.Itisherethatcompetitiondoesexist,thatthehighestachieversdodisplaytheirabilities,andthatthebestqualifieddogenerallysucceed.Here,whatismoreimportantisenteringthisreservoirofqualifiedpeople.

(2)Manyinthemassesmayhaveleadershipabilities,butunlesstheycangainentranceintotheelitepool,theirabilitieswillgounnoticed.Thoseofthehigherclassandstatusrankentermoreeasilyintothiscompetitionsincetheyhavebeenaffordedgreateropportunitiestoacquiretheneededqualifications.

(3)Inadditiontoformalqualifications,therearelessobvioussocial-psychologicalfactorswhichtendtonarrowthepotentialelitepoolfurther.(4)"Self-assertion"and"self-elimination"areprocessesbywhichthoseofhighersocialstatusassertthemselvesandthoseoflowersocialstatuseliminatethemselvesfromcompetitionforelitepositions.Ayoungmanwhosefamilyhasbeenactiveinpolitics,whohasattendedHarvard,andwhohasestablishedanetworkofconnectionstothehighpositioninthebusinessorpoliticalworld.(5)Ontheotherhand,ayoungmanwithlessprestigious(有名望的)familybackground,noconnections,andonlyahighschooleducationorevenacollegedegreefromastateuniversitywouldnotlikelyexpectafurtherplaceforhimselfatthetop.AsPrewittandStoneexplain,suchanindividual"hasfewmodelstofollow,nocontactstoputhimintotherightchannels,andlittlereasontothinkofhimselfaspotentiallywealthyorpowerful."Thus,self-selectionaidsinfilteringoutthoseoflowerincomeandstatusgroupsfromthepoolofpotentialelites.Mosteliminatethemselvesfromthecompetitionearlyinthefame.26.Asinmostethicalsituations,makingatrueorfalsepromiseinvolvesotherpeople.Almosteverytimeweask"WhatshouldIdo?"weareawarethatotherpeopleareinvolvedinourbehavior.Whyshouldsomeoneaskhimselfbeforemakingafalsepromise,"Isitright?"Itmaybethatheisafraidofbeingfoundout.Hemay,however,wonderwhetheritisfairtotheotherperson.Howwerelateourselvestoothersorhowwebehavioraffectsothersmakesupmostofthesubjectmatterofethics.Beingawareofothersismorethanwonderinghowouractionswillaffectthem;wearealsoConcernedabouthowthebehaviorofotherswillaffectus.Thereisnosatisfactorywayforustoavoidthepresenceofotherpeople.Themostwecandoistrytoarrangetherulesofbehavior,ofethics,inordertoreducetheamountoffrictionandconflictandtherebyachievethegreatestamountofharmony.Whetherouractionsarerightandgoodwilldependtoagreatextentontheeffecttheywillhaveonothers.Actionssuchastellingafalsehood,stealing,injuring,andkillingareconsideredwrongmostofthetimebecausetheyresultinvaryingdegreesofharmtosomeone.Theyalsoproducereactionsfromthevictims,whoineffectsay,"Ifitisrightforyoutodothattome,thenIwillnothesitatetodothesamethingtoyou."27.Womenareentitledto______statuswithmeninprivateandprofessionallife.A.identicalB.equalC.sameD.alike28.Nowadays,wehavetechnologythat'simprovedsothatwecanbringpeoplebacktolife.Infact,therearedrugsbeingdevelopedrightnow--whoknowsifthey'llevermakeittothemarket--thatmayactuallyslowdowntheprocessofbrain-cellinjuryanddeath.Imagineyoufast-forwardto10yearsdowntheline;andyou'vegivenapatient,whosehearthasjuststopped,thisamazingdrug;andactuallywhatitdoesis,itslowseverythingdownsothatthethingsthatwould'vehappenedoveranhour,nowhappenovertwodays.Asmedicineprogresses,wewillendupwithlotsandlotsofethicalquestions.

Butwhatishappeningtotheindividualatthattime?What'sreallygoingon?Becausethereisalackofbloodflow,thecellsgointoakindofafrenzytokeepthemselvesalive.Andwithinabout5min.orsotheystarttodamageorchange.Afteranhourorsothedamageissogreatthatevenifwerestarttheheartagainandpumpblood,thepersoncannolongerbeviable,becausethecellshavejustbeenchangedtoomuch.Andthenthecellscontinuetochangesothatwithinacoupleofdaysthebodyactuallydecomposes.Soit'snotamoment;it'saprocessthatactuallybeginswhentheheartstopsandculminatesinthecomplete'lossofthebody,thedecompositionsofallthecells.However,ultimatelywhatmattersis,what'sgoingontoaperson'smind?Whathappenstothehumanmindandconsciousnessduringdeath?Doesthatceaseimmediatelyassoonastheheartstops?Doesitceaseactivitywithinthefirst2sec.,thefirst2min.?Becauseweknowthatcellsarecontinuouslychangingatthattime.Doesitstopafter10min.,afterhalfanhour,afteranhour?Andatthispointwedon'tknow.29.Readthefollowingadvertisementcarefullyandwritealetterofapplicationabout120words.Youhaveseenthefollowingrecruitingadvertisementinthelocalpressandwouldliketoapplyforit:

ASSISTANTSALESMANAGERwantedbyinternationalcompanymanufacturingtextilepiecegoods.Theapplicantmusthavehadadequateexperienceinthesalesdivisionofalargecompanyandbewillingtoacceptresponsibility.

Write,givingdetailsofpreviousexperience,salary,etc.,toBox135before1stMay,2009.30.ThehardesthitofallthatweekwereWallStreet'sspecialistfirms,thetraderswhowerechargedwithmaintainingorderlymarkets.Thattaskrequiredthemtopurchasestockswhentherewerenootherbuyersandtomakesaleswhenothersellersdisappeared.Untiltheendofthatweek,atotal52specialistfirmshadworkedontheflooroftheNewYorkStockExchange:eachhadhandledthesharesof20to30specifiedBigBoardcompanies.OnBlackMonday,thespecialistsgrimlyfulfilledtheirresponsibilities,buyingmillionsofsharesaspricesplungedallaroundthem.Theirlossescouldamounttoasmuchas$750million.SecuritiesfirmsoutsideWallStreetalsofeltmortalpain.The4500accountsoftheNewYorkStockExchangememberweretakenoverbyRodman&Renshaw,aChicagofirm.31.Theeldestson______allthefamilymemberstodiscusshowtocelebratethe50thweddinganniversaryoftheirparents.A.clusteredB.resembledC.assembledD.rendered32.TedRobinson______thesedays.A.wasworriedB.isworriedC.hadbeenworriedD.hasbeenworried33.PartA

Directions:

Inthissection,youareaskedtowrite"LetterofJobApplication"toapersonnelmanagerbasedontheinformationofavacantpositionofsalesmanagerinFoundGroup.Youshouldwriteabout100words.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.UseLiMinginstead.Donotwritetheaddress.

ALetterofJobApplication

__________34.Johnsaysthathispresentjobdoesnotprovidehimwithenough______forhisorganizingability.A.scopeB.spaceC.capacityD.range35.Theyhavewideconnectionswithanannual______ofabout5milliondollars.A.levyB.exemptionC.saleD.turnover36.Thatboyissuchagoodviolinistthathewillprobablymakequitea______forhimself.A.nameB.gloryC.fameD.character37.Theshopassistantwasdismissedasshewas______ofcheatingcustomers.A.accusedB.chargedC.scoldedD.blamed38.Supposeyouruniversityisgoingtohostasummercampforhighschoolstudents.Writeanoticeto

1)brieflyintroducethecampactivities,and

2)callforvolunteers.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotuseyournameorthenameofyouruniversity,

Donotwriteyouraddress.39.Chinaisnolonger______itusedtobe.A.whatB.ofwhatC.ifD.which40.Liquidssuchaswaterandoiltakeupspaceandtheyaremeasuredinunitsofliquid______.A.vesselB.barrelC.tankD.volume41.Somepeoplesaythatthebestpreparationforlifeislearningtobecooperative.Otherstaketheoppositeviewandsaythatlearningtobecompetitiveisthebestpreparation.Writeacompositionofabout150wordstotellwhichoneyouagreeandexplainwhy.42.Forthispart,youareaskedtowriteacompositionofatleast150wordswiththetitle"OnSuccess"accordingtothefollowinginstruction."Whenpeoplesucceed,itisbecauseofhardworkandluckhasnothingtodowithsuccess."Doyouagreeordisagreewiththequotationabove.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestoexplainyourposition.43.Anunremarkedconsequenceofournewinformationage—onethatwillinfluencereaders,writers,andpublishersinthefuture—isthatbadwriting,chatspeak,text,millionsofmessageboardpoststhatcomefromandleadnowhere,arehavingacheapeningeffectonallwrittencontent.EditorsandnewsdirectorstodayfretabouttheInternetastheirpredecessorsworriedaboutradioandTV,andallnowseethehugethreattheWebrepresentstothewaytheydistributetheirproduct.

TheideathatthepracticeandcraftofwritingcansimplyretoolitselfforthedigitalageoverlooksthefactthattheWebisgivingrisetototallyuniqueformsofexpression,awritingthatisdifferentfromthekindtraditionallyfoundinbooks.

Forloversofliterarywriting,whoarenowwatchingthemarketplaceandInterneterodetheremainsofnineteenth-centuryprintculture,theseassurancesmaynotbeparticularlyconsoling.Wehavenochoicebuttoacceptthem.Arguingagainsttheforcesofdigitalizationisasmuchalosingbattleascursingthecomingoftheeveningtide.44.SettlersofthePlainsalsohadtocontendwithsocialisolation.TheEuropeanpattern,wherebyfarmerslivedtogetherinavillageandtraveledeachdaytotheirnearbyfields,wasrareintheAmericanWest.Instead,variouspeculiaritiesoflanddivisioncompelledtheruraldwellerstoliveapartfromeachother.TheHomesteadActof1862andothermeasuresadoptedtofacilitatewesternsettlementofferedfreeorcheapplotstopeoplewhowouldliveonandimprovetheirproperty.Becausemosthomesteadsandotherplotsacquiredbysmallfarmerswererectangular--usuallyencompassing160acres—atmostfourfamiliescouldliveneareachother,butonlyiftheycongregatedaroundthesamefour-cornerboundaryintersection.Inpractice,farmersusuallylivedbackfromtheirboundarylines,andatleastahalf-mileseparatedfarmhouses.Oftenadjacentlandwasunoccupied,makingneighborsevenmoredistant.

ManyobserverswroteaboutthelonelinessandmonotonyoflifeonthePlains.Menescapedtheoppressivenessbyworkingoutdoorsandtakingoccasionaltripstosellcropsorbuysupplies.Butwomenweremoreisolated,confinedbydomesticchorestothehousehold,where,asonewriterremarked,theywere"notmuchbetterthanslaves.Itisaweary,monotonousroundofcookingandwashingandmendingandasaresulttheinsaneasylumis1/3filledwithwivesoffarmers."45.ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwellbutifyou______,youwillsucceedintheend.A.hangupB.handaboutC.hanginD.hangonto46.Directions:Writeanarticleofabout150wordsonthecartoonbyfollowingtheoutlinebelow.

(1)Describethecartoon;

(2)Drawimplicationsofthecartoon;

(3)Makecomments.

Note：雞毛撣featherduster47.Youworkasanaccountantforanelectricequipmentproducer.Youdeliveredtwoorderstoonecustomeronl0thDecember2008and20thJanuary2009respectively,buthaven'treceivedanypaymentyet.Writealetterabout120wordsadvisingyourcustomertosettlehisaccountsassoonaspossible.48.Itisjustoneexampleofthegrowingconcernovertheincreasingpowerconsumptionandenvironmentalimpactofcomputers.Astudyfoundthatthepowerconsumptionofdatacentersdoubledbetween2000and2005,andnowaccountsfor1.2%ofAmericanelectricityconsumption,thoughotherestimatesputthefigureat4%.Companiesnowspendasmuchas10%oftheirtechnologybudgetsonenergy,saysRakeshKumarofGartner,aconsultancy.

Powerconsumptionhasincreasedbecauseoftheriseoftheinternet,ofcourse,butalsobecauseofwayinwhichcomputershavehistoricallybeendesigned:tomaximizeperformanceatallcosts.Between1996and2006,thenumberofserversinusewentfrom6millionto28millionandtheaveragepowerconsumptionofeachservergrewfrom150wattsto400watts.Butthingsarenowstartingtochangeandthecomputerindustryhasbeenseizedwithenthusiasmfor"greencomputing".49.It'sbeenverycoldthelastfewdays.Ithinkthewinter's______already.A.setinB.setoffC.setonD.setout50.Veryfewpeoplecouldunderstandhislecturebecausethesubjectwasvery______.A.faintB.indefiniteC.obscureD.gloomy第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：DearSir,

IamsorrytoinformyoubythisletterthatIplantoresignmypresentjobinthenextmonth.ThemainreasonisthatIamgoingtomovetoQingdaotolivepermanentlywithmyfamily,asQingdaoismyhometown.

Lookingbackuponmyfive-yearexperienceinthisorganization,Ihavehadaveryhappyandenjoyabletimeworkingwithyouandothercolleagues,fromwhomIhavereceivedlotsofhelpandhavelearntmuch.Pleaseacceptmysinceregratitude,aswellasmyregretfornotbeingabletoservehereanylonger.

Yoursfaithfully,

LiMing2.參考答案：C本題要注意詞序，more要放在被修飾詞的前面，而far則修飾more，故應置于more的前面，所以本題正確答案為C。3.參考答案：[范例1]

DearZhongmin,

I'vejustgotmyparents'approvaltogotoTaishanforthenextsummervacation.Iwasthinkingthatmaybeyouwouldliketocomewithmeandgosightseeingwhilewe'rethere.

Iwillpayforyourtrainfares(softseattickets)ifyourparentsalsosay"yes",soallyouhavetobringissomemoneyforfoodandlodging.WecouldleaveonJuly20thandreturnonJuly24th.Ithinkwecouldhavealotoffuntogetherinthesefewdays—wecouldstayinoneofthosemountaintopguesthousesforoneortwodaystowatchthefamoussunriseandtakeabird'seyeviewoftheplainbelowbothinthedaytimeandatnight.

Thinkaboutitandgivemeacallbythisweekend.

Love,

LiMing

[范例2]

DearMr.Yangbin,

YouhavebeenhighlyrecommendedbyseveralofourmembersasaspeakerforthebanquetthatclosesafivedaymeetingoftheChineseAssociationofTravellers.

TheplaceisHaizhuHotelinShanghai;thedateistheeveningofAugust8th.Thebanquetisapurelysocialgathering.Wepreferanaddressonthelightside,butwithaninspirationaltheme.Iwouldleaveittoyoutoselectatopic,whichIknowwillbeappropriatefortheoccasion.

MayIhearfromyoubyMay6th?Pleaseindicateinyourreplythefeeyourequire.Justassoonaswehavereachedanagreement,Iwillsendyoumoredetails.

Sincerelyyours,

LiMing[解析]

文章第一段發(fā)出邀請；在第二段中，作者提出了優(yōu)惠條件以及自己的設想；最后一段中，作者表達了自己的愿望。

[范例1語言注釋]

“getsomeone’sapproval”意為“征得某人的同意”；“summervacation”意為“暑假”；“gosightseeing”意為“去觀光旅游”；“trainfare”意為“火車票”；“softseatticket”意為“軟座票”；“moneyforfoodandlodging”意為“食宿費用”；“havealotoffun”意為“非常愉快”；“mountaintopguesthouse”意為“山頂旅店”；“sunrise”意為“日出”；“takeabird'seyeviewof”意為“鳥瞰，俯視”；“givemeacall”意為“給我打電話”。

[范例2文章點評]

本文一開始就應用了一句贊美詞，使得被邀請者感到對方看重自己；第二段講明了宴會的地點和日期，明確了發(fā)言的方向，但把具體的題目留給演講人決定；最后一段提出了回函期限，并要求演講人報價，這給邀請方留有余地。

[范例2語言注釋]

“Youhavebeenhighlyrecommendedby”意為“……極力推薦您”；“afivedaymeeting”意為“為期5天的會議”；“socialgathering”意為“社交聚會”；“anaddressonthelightside”意為“氣氛輕松的講話”；“inspirational”意為“鼓舞人心的”；“l(fā)eaveittoyoutoselectatopic”意為“留待您自己選擇主題”；“which”引導的定語從句修飾前面的“topic”；“Iknow”是插入語；“beappropriatefor”意為“適合于……”；“indicate”意為“說明，表明”；“reachanagreement”意為“達成協(xié)議”；“detail”意為“詳情”。4.參考答案：如果我們對未來一無所知，那么我們對商業(yè)界的許多變化，或許就會感到非常驚奇。但是，專家們說，我們可以從我們現(xiàn)在站的角度看到未來的一部分。應用混沌理論來理解商業(yè)界的相互關聯(lián)性——思考一下蝴蝶效應，可以幫助我們認識某些“偶然事件”的成因，以便較好地應付這些事件。

以亞洲金融危機為例子。要是在過去，許多公司就會說：“那是又一個偶然事件?！钡５滤拐f：“事實上，許多這些似乎是偶然的事件將會影響這些公司的經(jīng)營?！?/p>

桑德斯說，考慮到全球經(jīng)濟關聯(lián)性，公司若能意識到突發(fā)事件并迅速做出反應，這將比以往任何時候都更為重要。但要做到這一點，在計劃方面，他們需要有機的、不斷完善的方法。舊的計劃模式只限于預測一個或多個可能發(fā)生事件的軌跡。一個被稱為“深謀遠慮”的革命范例，能使我們把握局勢，無論未來會演變成什么樣。按照桑德斯的觀點，了解現(xiàn)在是洞察未來的第一步。5.參考答案：C過去分詞短語作條件狀語。全句意思為：如果考慮到他們剛從大學畢業(yè)，那么這些年輕人就干得很不錯啦。6.參考答案：ThisdelayhasinconveniencedUSconsiderably．Weshouldappreciateitifyouwouldinformusbyreturnmailwhenwemayexpectthegoods．7.參考答案：Acost意為“花費”，指需要特定的費用、支出或努力；tell意為“告訴”，指把某事告知某人；benefit意為“使受益”，指有助于、有用于；prize意為“珍視”，指看重……。根據(jù)空格后面的amoment'sthoughtandamoment'seffort(片刻的考慮和一時的努力)可知，應該選用cost。8.參考答案：B本題考點為名詞的詞義辨析。A意為“哲學”，B意為“觀念”，C意為“觀點”，D意為“主題’。根據(jù)上下文，選項B符合題意。9.參考答案：[參考范文]

IsStressaBadThingorGoodThing

Itgoeswithoutsayingthattheissueofstressisgettingincreasingpopularamongthegeneralpublicinourdailylife,especiallywiththerapiddevelopmentofourmodernsociety.Nearlyeveryone,includingmenandwomen,theoldandtheyounghasfeltstress.Nevertheless,theattitudestowardsitarequitedifferent.

Thosewhoarelivingunderstressconsiderthatthepressureisaterriblething.Tothem,thestressesandstrainsofworkandstudydeprivethemofjoyandhappinessoflife.Inordertosurviveandsucceedincompetition,theyhavetobealwaysbusywithworkingandfacevariouschallengesaswell.

However,justaseverythinghastwosides,someotherpeoplewhoarguethatthestressisn'tasterribleasitisoftensupposedtobeunlessitisoverwhelming.Tothem,itisthestressthatprovidesthemwithmotivationandstimulation.Withoutstress,wemayslackoffandidleawayourtime.Peopleunderpressuretendtobringtheirpotentialtoplayfullyandrealizetheirdreamseasily.

AsfarasIamconcerned,thereisnobodyintheworldwithoutstress.Therefore,stressissomethingthatwehavetofaceandcannotescapefrom.Onlyinthisattitudecanwetakefulladvantageofthebenefitsofstressandavoidtheharmfuleffectsitbringstous.[解析]

本題屬于利弊分析型考題；考生可根據(jù)提綱要求參考以下寫作套路進行寫作。

Paragraph1介紹現(xiàn)象(觀點一和觀點二)

Whenitcomesto主題,itisthebeliefofsomepeoplethat觀點一,anditisoftenarguedbyotherpeoplethat觀點二(或theoppositeistrue).Thereisprobablysometruthinbothstatements.

Paragraph2分別描述觀點一和二

Generallyspeaking,theadvantagesof______canbeseenclearlyinthefollowingrespects.Tobeginwith,….Inaddition,….Andfinally,….However,justastheproverbgoes,everycoinhastwosides.thereisnoexceptiontotheabovediscussedissueof______.Ontheonehand,…;ontheotherhand,….

Paragraph3作者的觀點或結(jié)論

Weighingtheprosandconsofbothsides,wemayreasonablyreachtheconclusionthattheadvantagesof______carryfarmoreweightthanitsdisadvantages.Therefore,weshouldmanagetomakethemostofitsbenefits,whiletryingtoavoiditsharmfuleffects.10.參考答案：(略)11.參考答案：Dinplenty意為“很多，過優(yōu)裕的生活”；infull意為“完全地，全部地”；innumber意為“總共，在數(shù)字上”；inforce意為“大批地，大規(guī)模地”。句子的主語是thepolice，所填之詞修飾bethere，所以應該選用inforce。12.參考答案：B本題考點為動詞的固定搭配。A項意為“炫耀”，B項意為“還清，償清”，C項意為“停止；結(jié)束”，D項意為“讓開，不接近”。根據(jù)上下文，選項B為正確答案。13.參考答案：

英國的內(nèi)閣辦公室發(fā)布了一項有關國家食品政策的影響廣泛的報告