美國文學(xué)ThomasJefferson托馬斯杰斐遜簡短介紹

ThomasJefferson,aBriefBiographyBornApril13,1743,atShadwell,Virginia;diedJuly4,1826,MonticelloThomasJefferson--authoroftheDeclarationofIndependenceandtheStatuteofVirginiaforReligiousFreedom,thirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,andfounderoftheUniversityofVirginia--voicedtheaspirationsofanewAmericaasnootherindividualofhisera.Asapublicofficial,historian,philosopher,andplantationowner,heservedhiscountryforoverfivedecades.HisfamilyHisfatherPeterJeffersonwasasuccessfulplanterandsurveyorandhismotherJaneRandolphamemberofoneofVirginia'smostdistinguishedfamilies.Havinginheritedaconsiderablelandedestatefromhisfather,JeffersonbeganbuildingMonticellowhenhewastwenty-sixyearsold.Threeyearslater,hemarriedMarthaWaylesSkelton,withwhomhelivedhappilyfortenyearsuntilherdeath.Theirmarriageproducedsixchildren,butonlytwosurvivedtoadulthood.Jefferson,whoneverremarried,maintainedMonticelloashishomethroughouthislife,alwaysexpandingandchangingthehouse.MajordeedsJeffersonwasborninAlbemarleCounty,VirginiaonApr.13,1743.Jeffersonattended(1760-1762)theCollegeofWilliamandmaryIn1769heserviceasarepresentativeintheVirginiaHouseofBurgesses.HerepresentedVirginiaintheSecondContinentalCongressin1775.Thefollowingyear,hedraftedtheDeclarationofIndependencewithJohnAdams,BenjaminFranklin,RogerSherman,andRobertR.Livingston.AgainintheVirginialegislature,introducedanumberofbillsfortheestablishmentofreligiousFreedom.InJune1779,JeffersonwaselectedgovernorofVirginia.In1785hebecameministertoFrance.AsthefirstsecretaryofstateinWashington’scabinet.Jeffersonbecamevice-presidentin1796.Hebecamepresidentin1800.Inthe

final

17

years

of

his

life,Jefferson’s

major

accomplishment

was

the

founding

(1819)

of

the

University

of

Virginia.OnJuly4,1826,the50thanniversaryoftheDeclarationofIndependence,JeffersondiedatMonticello.HisachievementThomasJeffersonwasthethird

PresidentoftheUnitedStates.ThomasJeffersonwas"authoroftheDeclarationofAmericanIndependence,oftheStatuteofVirginiaforreligiousfreedom.andFatheroftheUniversityofVirginia.DuringhispresidencyincludetheLouisianaPurchase(1803)andtheLewisandClarkExpedition(1804–1806).Asapoliticalphilosopher,JeffersonwasamanoftheEnlightenment,thecofounderandleaderoftheDemocratic-RepublicanParty,whichdominatedAmericanpoliticsfor25years.Apolymath博學(xué)者,Jeffersonachieveddistinctionas,amongotherthings,ahorticulturist,politicalleader,architect,archaeologist考古學(xué)家,paleontologist古生物學(xué),inventor,andsoon.ThepictureaboutJeffersonWrenBuilding(rear),CollegeofWilliam&MarywhereJeffersonstudiedHouseofBurgessesinWilliamsburg,Virginia,whereJeffersonserved1769–1775Jefferson'shomeMonticelloGovernor'sPalace,GovernorJefferson'sresidenceinWilliamsburgIndependenceHallAssemblyRoomwhereJeffersonservedinCongressTheUniversityofVirginia,Jefferson's"AcademicalVillage"MountRushmoreNationalMemorialGeorgeWashingtonThomas