2023年研究生類碩士研究生學(xué)位課程-英語(yǔ)歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年研究生類碩士研究生學(xué)位課程-英語(yǔ)歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版(共50題)1.Inthebeginning,fewpeoplewere______BarackObamatomakeasignificantimpactintherace.A.countingonB.turningoutC.proceedingtoD.conformingto2.Accordingtothisreport,thisisthe36thconsecutiveyearthepopulationofJapanhasdropped.A.interactiveB.depressiveC.massiveD.successive3.Itrequiresuncompromisingeffortstodeveloptheseresidencesintotruehomesforourunderprivilegedcitizens.A.unproductiveB.unyieldingC.uninvitingD.unintentional4.Someancientpeoplewereabletotellthetimebytheshadow______bythesunontheslate.A.thrownB.flungC.castD.tossed5.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsunderthetitleof"AGifttoMyParents."Yourwritingshouldcoverthefollowingitems:

1.Whatgiftdoyouthinkismostappropriatetoyourparents?

2.Whydoyouchoosesuchagift?

3.Whendoyouthinkisthemostappropriatetimetogiveit?6.ApermanentjobplusadecentsalaryiswhatmostoftheseyoungguysinChinahopefor.A.nobleB.adequateC.modestD.polite7.Itmightbepossibletohelppreventdepressionby______people'sgoodfeelings.A.diminishingB.manipulatingC.boostingD.anticipating8.Ifyoudon'tknowhowto______yourachievements,yourpartingfromthisworldisgoingtobeanightmare.A.takeholdofB.getridofC.letgoofD.makefunof9.Thelittlegirlfeltincreasinglyuneasywhilewaitingforhermotheratthebus-stop.A.difficultB.excitedC.relievedD.restless10.Graceurgedstudentstostandbytheirbeliefsandprinciples,and______themselves.A.believeinB.persistinC.consistinD.specializein11.Thereisnoquestionthatoursisajustcauseandthatgoodwill______.A.vanishB.wanderC.witherD.prevail12.Thereiscompellingevidencethatmotorvehiclescontributetosmog.A.convincingB.constitutionalC.contradictoryD.compulsory13.Doyouknowwhatitisliketocomeuponanoldfriendonthestreetinaforeigncity?A.undergoB.encounterC.conserveD.recollect14.Ifyoutaketherightapproach______anissue,youwon'tgo______thewrongdirection.A.to...inB.of...towardsC.oD.about...to15.Asthevotewillbe______infavoroftheDemocraticParty,HillaryClintonisgettingneartothepresidency.A.deliberatelyB.overwhelminglyC.conscientiouslyD.crudely16.Onsocialmediawebsites,youcaneasilyfinddifferentresponsestothese______topics.A.trendingB.syntheticC.anonymousD.residential17.SectionA

Directions:PutthefollowingparagraphintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheetⅡ.

AnimportantcluetotheunderstandingofAustraliaistheecosystem.Anecosystemisacollectionofdifferentlivingandnon-livingthingswhicharefoundtogetherandwhichdependoneachother.Thesun'senergyisnecessarytomaketheecosystemwork,and,aswell,theelementscarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,andtwelveotherelementsinsmalleramounts,areneededtobecontinuallycycledintheecosystem.18.Studieshaveprovedthatsmartpeopletendtobesmartacrossdifferentkindsofrealms.A.realitiesB.fieldsC.occupationsD.courses19.Directions:PutthefollowingparagraphintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheetⅡ.

Astheworldisintransition,sotheEnglishlanguageisitselftakingnewforms.This,ofcourse,hasalwaysbeentrue:Englishhaschangedsubstantiallyinthe1,500yearsorsoofitsuse,reflectingpatternsofcontactwithotherlanguagesandthechangingcommunicationneedsofpeople.Butinmanypartsoftheworld,asEnglishistakenintothefabricofsociallife,itacquiresamomentumandvitalityofitsown,developinginwayswhichreflectlocalcultureandlanguages,whiledivergingincreasinglyfromthekindofEnglishspokeninBritainorNorthAmerica.20.Scientistsarestillmeasuringtheimpactofautomationonthelivesoffactoryworkers.A.benefitB.tollC.agonyD.effect21.In1982,HitachiwasindictedforstealingconfidentialdocumentsfromIBM.Aspartofacourtsettlement,thecompanypaidIBMhundredsofmillionsofdollars.A.condemnedforB.accusedofC.disciplinedforD.disapprovedof22.Thesewomenhopedthatthecease-firewouldcontinueandthattheviolencewouldendonceandforall.A.quicklyB.conclusivelyC.universallyD.temporarily23.Amajorinitiativetoinjectwhat'sknownassocialandemotionallearning(SEL)intoNewYorkCityschoolsisunderway.SEL,whencombinedwithtraditionalacademiceducation,canhelpstudentstobuildandmaintainpositiverelationshipswithpeers,friends,andfamily,tolearnhowtoresolveconflictconstructivelyandtounderstandhowtheiremotionsaffecttheiractions.Americansoverwhelminglywantschoolstoteachchildrensomenon-academicskills,includinghowtobecooperative,respectfulofothersandpersistentproblem-solvers.Schoolsaretoplacemoreimportanceonthattypeoflearningthanonhowstudentsperformonstandardizedtests.Sucheffortshavesignificantlyimprovedstudentbehavior,academicachievementandschoolsafety.24.Everylanguageintheworldhasevolvedslowlyandconstantlyfromanolderformintoanewerone.A.developedB.exhaustedC.strivenD.restored25.Topic:Agreatnumberofpeoplethinkthatthosewithuniversityeducationshouldgethigherpaythanthosewithout,fortheybelievethattheformerhavesweatedandsacrificedmore.Towhatextentdoyouagreewiththispointofview?26.Thissoftwarenotonlybringsefficiencywithrespecttomemoryutilization,butincreasestheprocessingspeed.A.inregardtoB.asaresultofC.inthewakeofD.onaccountof27.Thechildis______alltheevidenceforhisopinion.A.notencourageeithertobecriticalforhisopinion.B.encouragedeithertobecriticalnortoexamineC.eitherencouragedtobecriticalortoexamineD.neitherencouragedtobecriticalnortoexamine28.Whenaheavyvehicleis______inthemud,thedriverhastoaskforhelp.A.involvedB.stuckC.interferedD.specialized29.Thereportproposesthatstudentsbeallowedtoworkofftheirdebtthroughcommunityservice.A.payoffB.getoffC.disposeofD.runoff30.Theshipwillhaveto______fromtheshoreuntilthisstormpasses.A.holdinB.holdupC.holdoffD.holdonto31.Janeissotiedupwithherbusinessthattakingtimeoffis______outofthequestion.A.virtuallyB.estheticallyC.ethicallyD.morally32.Inthisbook,theauthor'svisionisnotonlycreative,butacompellingpredictionofwheretheworldisheaded.A.deterioratingB.dominatingC.expandingD.proceeding33.Itisgenerallyrecognizedthatdifferentformsofmusiccanconveydifferentkindsofsentiment.A.audienceB.instrumentC.requirementD.emotion34.Thepolicewentoutoftheirwaytoinvestigatetheexplosioncase,buttherewerenoindicationsthatstandardsecurityarrangementswere______.A.athandB.infaultC.inquestionD.ineffect35.Mostofthethird-yearstudentsinourlaboratoryareoccupiedwithexperiments.A.areboredwithB.arecrazyaboutC.arebusywithD.arecasualabout36.Ididn'tknowitthen,butthisdisruptivewayofreadingstartedwiththeveryfirstnovelIeverpickedup.A.harmfulB.persistentC.interruptiveD.characteristic37.Doyourchildrenworrythattheymightfeelpressureto______yourhero'simage?A.comeupwithB.liveuptoC.catchuponD.addupto38.Itwasdreadfultofindoneself______insuchaplace.A.lonelyB.aloneC.loneD.lonesome39.Directions：PutthefollowingparagraphintoChinese．WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheetⅡ．

Morethan1billionpeoplemustsurviveonlessthan$1aday．Strikinginequalitypersistswithinandamongcountries．DiseasessuchasAIDSandmalariathreatentoundoYearsofprogress．Worseningthepovertygapisthe“digitaldivide”betweenthetechnology-richandthetechnology-poor．Atatimewheninformationandknowledgehavebecomethemainsourceofwealthandpower，halfthedevelopingworld'speoplehavenevermadeorreceivedatelephonecall，muchlessusedacomputer．Bringingthesepeopleintothemainstreamisoneofourbiggestprojects．40.Ifthepatientcannotrecoverwithin24hours,deathwould______.A.ensureB.sueC.relapseD.ensue41.Corruptionisabreachofapublicofficial'scommitmenttoupholdtheConstitution.A.objectionB.obligationC.designationD.termination42.Alltheteachersyouhavehadinyourlifetime______severalcategories.A.fallbehindB.falloutC.fallthroughD.fallinto43.Itisextremelydifficultorevenimpossibletoworkouttheriskofoccasionalpassivesmoking.A.calculateB.exerciseC.eliminateD.convert44.Ithasbeenprovedthatgoodweathercanboostone's______.A.feelingB.emotionC.senseD.mood45.Diligence,persistenceandinspirationareindispensableforasuccessfulcareernowadays.A.essentialB.deadlyC.incredibleD.specific46.I'11trytofulfillmypromisetomyparentsthatIcantakecareofmyselfatcollege.A.fallbackonB.liveuptoC.goinforD.breakdowninto47.Wecanlearnaboutthehazardsofhuntingbiggameinstoriesabouttheirancestors.A.adventuresB.pleasuresC.dangersD.consequences48.Thereissomeexcitementonthehorizon,butIcan'ttellyouaboutit.A.inthedistanceB.soontohappenC.withoutaquestionD.atfirstsight49.Andersonheldouthisarmsto______theattack,butthesharkgrabbedhisrightforearmanddived.A.turnoffB.wardoffC.triggeroffD.calloff50.Jeffrealizedthathewouldhavenopersonallifewithouthisdaughter;everythinghedid______roundher.A.involvedB.evolvedC.revolvedD.resolved第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：Acounton：依靠，指望得到……的幫助；turnout：生產(chǎn)，后來(lái)證明；proceedto：接著，下一步做；conformto：與……一致。2.參考答案：D[解析]該句意為：根據(jù)這個(gè)報(bào)告，這是日本人口連續(xù)36年下降。

consecutive：連續(xù)的，如forfiveconsecutiveyears(連續(xù)五年)；interactive：互動(dòng)的；depressive：壓抑的，令人抑郁的；massive：巨大的；successive：連續(xù)的。3.參考答案：B[解析]uncompromising：堅(jiān)定的，不屈服的，堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的；unproductive：生產(chǎn)效率低的，不多產(chǎn)的；unyielding：不屈的；uninviting：不誘人的，沒(méi)有吸引力的；unintentional：不是故意的4.參考答案：C[解析]四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A項(xiàng)throwv.“投，擲”；B項(xiàng)flingv.“投，擲”；C項(xiàng)castn.“投影”；D項(xiàng)tossv.“投，擲”。譯文：一些古人可以根據(jù)投在木板上的太陽(yáng)投影辨別時(shí)間。5.參考答案：AstheLunarNewYearisdrawingnear,Ifeelhomesickagain.Ican'twaittoseemyparentswhoarestilllivinginasmallvillageinShandongProvince.I'vedecidedtobuythemacellphoneasaNewYeargiftwiththemoneyImadefrommypart-timejobs.

I'mgoingtobuyacellphoneforthemforthesimplereasonthatIhopetostayincontactwiththem.Ithoughtaboutopeningthetelephoneserviceforthem,buttheyobjectedtomyideawiththebeliefthatitwastooexpensivetomakelong-distancephonecalls.Then,itoccurredtomethatacellphonewouldbemorepreferable.Withthecellphone,Icancallthemanytime.IalwaysfeelhappywhenIheartheirvoiceandIbelievethattheyarehappiertohearmine.Besides,Icansendthemtextmessageswhennecessary.

ThebesttimetogivethisgifttomyparentsistheEveoftheLunarNewYear,whenthewholefamilywillgettogethertoenjoythehappiesttimeoftheyear.Iwanttogivethemapleasantsurprise,soIhavenevermentionedthegifttothem.I'msuretheywillfeelproudtohaveadaughterlikeme.6.參考答案：B[解析]decent：體面的，正派的，像樣的，豐厚的；noble：高尚的，貴族的；adequate：合適的，足夠的，可接受的；modest：謙虛的，不豐厚的；polite：有禮貌的7.參考答案：C[解析]該句意為：有可能通過(guò)改善人的心情來(lái)預(yù)防抑郁。

diminish：逐漸減少，逐漸消失；manipulate：操縱，操作，控制，使用；boost：促進(jìn)，改善；anticipate：預(yù)料，預(yù)計(jì)。8.參考答案：C9.參考答案：Duneasy：不安的，著急的；difficult：難的；excited：興奮的；relieved：寬慰的，解脫的；restless：不安的10.參考答案：A[解析]believein：信仰(次要意義)，對(duì)……充滿信心，相信……的存在或價(jià)值(主要意義)；persistin：不放棄，堅(jiān)持做……；consistin：在于；specializein：專業(yè)是，專門(mén)做11.參考答案：Dvanish：消失，失蹤；wander：閑蕩，漂流，無(wú)目的慢走；wither：枯萎；prevail：占上風(fēng)，獲得優(yōu)勢(shì)，流行12.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：有充分的證據(jù)表明機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)加劇霧霾。

compelling：確鑿的，有說(shuō)服力的；convincing：令人信服的；constitutional：符合憲法的，憲法的；contradictory：矛盾的；compulsory：必修的，義務(wù)的。13.參考答案：B[解析]該句意為：你知道在異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)的城市里遇到老朋友感受如何嗎?

comeupon：偶然遇到(相當(dāng)于comeacross或meetsb.bychance)；undergo：經(jīng)歷(相當(dāng)于experience)；encounter：遇到，遭遇；conserve：保守，保護(hù)，節(jié)約使用；recollect：回憶。14.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：如果你解決問(wèn)題的方式是正確的，你就不會(huì)犯方向錯(cuò)誤。

本題考查介詞用法。approach表示“處理方式”時(shí)接介詞to，而direction(方向)前用介詞in，而不是to或towards。15.參考答案：B[解析]該句意為：大多數(shù)選票支持民主黨，所以希拉里正在接近總統(tǒng)寶座。

deliberately：故意地；overwhelmingly：壓倒性地，不可抵抗地；conscientiously：認(rèn)真地，自覺(jué)地；crudely：不文雅地，粗魯?shù)亍?6.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：在社交媒體網(wǎng)站，你能輕易地發(fā)現(xiàn)人們對(duì)這些熱門(mén)話題的不同反應(yīng)。

trending：流行的，熱議的；synthetic：合成的；anonymous：匿名的；residential：居住的。17.參考答案：了解澳大利亞的關(guān)鍵在于它的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，就是各種不同的有生命的和無(wú)生命的物體匯集在一起并相互依存的集合。太陽(yáng)能是使這種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)作必需的，碳、氫、氧、氮等元素和少量其他12種元素也需要在這個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中繼續(xù)循環(huán)。18.參考答案：Brealm：領(lǐng)域；reality：現(xiàn)實(shí)；field：田野，領(lǐng)域，實(shí)地；occupation：職業(yè)，占領(lǐng)；course：課程，路線，一道菜19.參考答案：由于世界正處于轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期，因此英語(yǔ)本身也出現(xiàn)了新形式。在人們使用英語(yǔ)的1500年左右的時(shí)間里，英語(yǔ)經(jīng)歷了實(shí)質(zhì)性變化，反映出英語(yǔ)和其他語(yǔ)言之間聯(lián)系形式的變化，以及人們不斷變化的交際需求，這些當(dāng)然都是勿庸置疑的。然而，目前在世界許多地區(qū)，隨著英語(yǔ)融入社會(huì)生活，成為社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的一部分，這一語(yǔ)言擁有了自己的發(fā)展動(dòng)力和生命力，其發(fā)展體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)?shù)匚幕驼Z(yǔ)言的影響，而與英國(guó)人、北美人所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)相差越來(lái)越大。20.參考答案：Dimpact：影響；benefit：益處，好處，有益于；toll：收費(fèi)，破壞，死亡；agony：痛苦；effect：效果，影響。21.參考答案：Bindictedfor“被起訴”。A項(xiàng)condemnedfor“被責(zé)難”；B項(xiàng)accusedof“被控告”；C項(xiàng)disciplinedfor“被訓(xùn)練”；D項(xiàng)disapprovedof“不贊成”。根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)選B。22.參考答案：B[解析]onceandforall(oncefora11)：一勞永逸地，徹底地，永遠(yuǎn)；quickly：迅速地，馬上；conclusively：結(jié)論性地，確定地，毋庸置疑地；universally：普遍，在任何地方；temporarily：暫時(shí)23.參考答案：紐約市中學(xué)正在開(kāi)展一項(xiàng)重大活動(dòng)——引入被稱為社交和情感學(xué)習(xí)的項(xiàng)目。與傳統(tǒng)的課程教育相結(jié)合，社交和情感學(xué)習(xí)有助于學(xué)生與同齡人、朋友和家人建立并保持良好的關(guān)系，學(xué)習(xí)如何以建設(shè)性的方式解決沖突并了解自己的情感如何影響行為。美國(guó)人強(qiáng)烈希望學(xué)校給學(xué)生講授一些非學(xué)習(xí)方面的技能，包括如何與他人合作、如何尊重他人、如何做到遇到難題時(shí)不氣餒。學(xué)校應(yīng)該更重視此類學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目，而不是學(xué)生在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試中發(fā)揮如何。這樣的努力在很大程度上改善了學(xué)生行為、學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)和學(xué)校安全。[解析]英譯漢難點(diǎn)說(shuō)明：

1．名詞initiative根據(jù)上下文有不同的翻譯，如“倡議”、“行動(dòng)”或“方案”。

2．underway表示“進(jìn)行之中”。

3．形容詞overwhelming不好翻譯，theoverwhelmingmajority翻譯為“壓倒性多數(shù)”，anoverwhelmingmovie是“有震撼力的電影”，而anoverwhelmingfear可翻譯為“把人嚇傻了”。...overwhelminglywantschoolstoteach...表示“愿望特別強(qiáng)烈”。

4．...persistentproblem-solvers直譯為“堅(jiān)持不懈地解決問(wèn)題的人”，其含義是“遇到難題時(shí)不泄氣”。

5．...significantlyimprove...中significantly應(yīng)該譯為“在很大程度上”。24.參考答案：A[解析]劃線詞evolved“使發(fā)展，使進(jìn)展”。A項(xiàng)developed“發(fā)展”；B項(xiàng)exhausted“耗盡”；C項(xiàng)striven“努力，奮斗”；D項(xiàng)restored“恢復(fù)，歸還”。A項(xiàng)與劃線詞語(yǔ)意對(duì)應(yīng)。25.參考答案：Manypeoplebelievethatthosewhoreceivedhighereducationshouldearn,farmorethanthosewhohavenot，becausetheformerhaveexertedmoreeffortsthanthelatter．PersonallyIdonotagreewiththisopinion，forthefollowingreasons：

Inthefirstplace，one'sindividualincomedoesnotwhollyreflecttheextenttowhichone'sself-valueandsocialvaluearerealized．Apersonwhohasreceivedhighereducationmayoffermoresocialvaluethanonewhohasnot．Economistsandmerchantsmayserveasintheeconomicsphere．Nevertheless，theformermightcreatemoreeconomicreturnsforsociety，whilethelattermightbringhimselfmoreeconomicprofits．Althoughtheeconomistmaynotbeaswealthyasthemerchant，hisworkismoremeaningfultothesocietyhelivesin．

Inthesecondplace，somepeoplewhohasadmirablecapabilitieshavenothadtheopportunitytoreceivehighereducation．Then，afteryearsofexertionsandhardstruggle，theysecureaproperplaceforthemselvesinsocietyandrealizetheirownself-value．Suchpeoplehavereceivednocollegeeducation,however,theydeservedhaveearned.

Allinall,itisridiculoustorackone'sbrainsaboutwho,amanwithahighereducationoranotheronewithoutit,shouldearnmoremoneythantheother.One'searningscannotbesolelydeterminedbyhisorhereducationalbackground.Weshouldobservewhatkindofeffortapersonhasmadeanddecidehowwearetodefine"personalincome"beforefinallyjudgingwhoshouldearnmore.26.參考答案：A[解析]該句意為：這個(gè)軟件不僅提高了信息儲(chǔ)存效率，而且提升了文件處理速度。withrespectto：與……相關(guān)；inregardto：與……相關(guān)；asaresultof：由于；inthewakeof：緊隨……之后，尾隨……；onaccountof：由于。27.參考答案：Dneither…nor…“既不……也不……”。故應(yīng)選D。28.參考答案：B29.參考答案：A30.參考答案：C[解析]holdoff意為“保持一定距離，(使)不接近”。例如：Hishighrankandchillymannerheldpeopleoff．他高貴的地位及冷淡的態(tài)度使人們不敢接近他。holdin“約束，克制，保持沉默”。例如：holdinone'sanger忍住怒火。holdup“舉起，抬起，提起”。例如：holdupone'shead昂起頭。holdonto無(wú)此搭配。31.參考答案：Avirtually：實(shí)際上，幾乎；esthetically：美學(xué)上；ethically：倫理上；morally：道德上。32.參考答案：D[解析]該句意為：在此書(shū)中，作者的遠(yuǎn)景設(shè)想不僅富有創(chuàng)造力，而且對(duì)世界發(fā)展方向的預(yù)測(cè)也令人信服。

head：向某一方向運(yùn)動(dòng)(headone'scarforhome開(kāi)車(chē)回家)；deteriorate：惡化；dominate：通知，支配；expand：擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)張；proceed：繼續(xù)，接著做……，發(fā)展。33.參考答案：D[解析]sentiment：情感(sentimental：引起轟動(dòng)的)；audience：聽(tīng)眾，觀眾，讀者；instrument：儀器(musicalinstrument樂(lè)器)；requirement：要求；emotion：情感34.參考答案：B[解析]A項(xiàng)athand“在附近”；B項(xiàng)infault“有過(guò)錯(cuò)”；C項(xiàng)inquestion“正被討論”；D項(xiàng)ineffect“有效”。句意：警察在調(diào)查這起爆炸案時(shí)費(fèi)了很大力氣，但并沒(méi)有跡象表明日常安全部署出了問(wèn)題。B項(xiàng)最符合題意。35.參考答案：C[解析]該句意為：我們實(shí)驗(yàn)室的大部分研三學(xué)生在忙于實(shí)驗(yàn)。

beoccupiedwith：忙于；beboredwith：對(duì)……煩了；becrazyabout：對(duì)……癡迷，對(duì)