廣西柳州市柳城縣名校2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測（一）英語試題（原卷板+解析版）

第第頁廣西柳州市柳城縣名校2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測（一）英語試題（原卷板+解析版）2022級高二上英語開學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測（一）

高二英語

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。

A

WelcometoOurFestival

StoryShowinOheron

Adults

8:00pm—10:00pm

Joinusforaneveningoftrue,personalstoriesaboutetotheonlyshowwhereyoucanhearpeople—scientists,not-scientists,andhalf-scientists-tellfunnyandtouchingstoriesabouttheroleofscienceintheirlives.

Cost:$10

MakeYourOwniPhoneCasethroughToysinbox3DPrinting

Familiesthus,youmayhavetolimitorgiveupyourintakeofothercalorie-richfoods.Achocolatetasterwhodoesn’ttakegoodcareofhispersonalhealthcandevelopdiseasessuchasdiabetes,toothcavities,andsoon.

Chocolatetastersmustlovechocolateandhaveabroadunderstandingofvariouschocolateflavors.Whiletasting,youaretotakeabiteandchewitforafewseconds,lettingitslowlymeltinyourmouthandspreadtoallpartsofyourtonguetoevaluate(評價)itsflavors.Youmustpayattentiontodetailsandlearntoidentifyflavorsandqualityquickly.Youalsohavetotastesomekindsofchocolatethatyoumaynotlike.Besides,understandingcustomerpreferencesisveryimportant.Youwillspendtimestudyingcustomer-basedresearchfindingstotrytodeterminetheflavorsthatwillmeettheirdemands.

8.Inordertotakegoodcareofthemselves,chocolatetastersmayhaveto________.

A.giveupfoodsthatcontainfat

B.takepillstoensuretheirintakeofvitamins

C.stopeatinganyfoodthattastessweet

D.limitfoodsthatarehighincalories

9.Theauthormayagreethat________.

A.chocolatetastingisnotarealjob

B.onehadbetterthinkcarefullyaboutbecomingachocolatetaster

C.chocolatetastersliveaspecialandinterestinglife

D.onehastoknoweverythingtobecomeachocolatetaster

10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue

A.Onecanbeagoodchocolatetasteraslongashe/sheknowsmuchabouttheflavorsofdifferentchocolates.

B.Whiletasting,thetasterchewsthechocolatetoassessitsrecipe(食譜).

C.Thechocolatetasterhastherighttoselectthechocolatehe/sheprefers.

D.Thechocolatetasterhastospendtimestudyingcustomerpreferences.

11.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage

A.HowToBeaChocolateTasterB.APopularandFunnyCareer

C.ChocolateTastingIsNoSweetJobD.EarnaLivingbyEating

【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹巧克力品嘗師這個職業(yè)以及從事這個職業(yè)的人要面對的挑戰(zhàn)。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Acareerinchocolatetastingdemandsthatyouwatchyourdiet;thus,youmayhavetolimitorgiveupyourintakeofothercalorie-richfoods.(巧克力品鑒的職業(yè)要求你注意飲食；因此，你可能不得不限制或放棄攝入其他高熱量食物。)”可知,巧克力品嘗師需要留意自己的飲食，限制或不吃其他高熱量的食物。故選D。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“However,thejobisfullofchallenges.Chocolatetastersworkunderpressure.Ifyouareachocolateloverandhavethoughtabouttryingtobeachocolatetasterinthefuture,youmaywanttothinktwicebeforeyoumakethedecision.(然而，這份工作充滿了挑戰(zhàn)。巧克力品嘗師在壓力下工作。如果你是一個巧克力愛好者，并且想過將來成為一名巧克力品嘗師，那么在你做決定之前，你可能需要三思而后行。)”可知，認(rèn)為巧克力品嘗師這個職業(yè)充滿挑戰(zhàn)，如果想要從事這個職業(yè)，需要三思。故選B。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Besides,understandingcustomerpreferencesisveryimportant.Youwillspendtimestudyingcustomer-basedresearchfindingstotrytodeterminetheflavorsthatwillmeettheirdemands.(此外，了解客戶的偏好是非常重要的。你將花時間研究以顧客為基礎(chǔ)的研究結(jié)果，試圖確定能滿足他們需求的口味。)”可知，巧克力品嘗師要花時間研究客戶的口味喜好。故選D。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“However,thejobisfullofchallenges.Chocolatetastersworkunderpressure.Ifyouareachocolateloverandhavethoughtabouttryingtobeachocolatetasterinthefuture,youmaywanttothinktwicebeforeyoumakethedecision.(然而，這份工作充滿了挑戰(zhàn)。巧克力品嘗師在壓力下工作。如果你是一個巧克力愛好者，并且想過將來成為一名巧克力品嘗師，那么在你做決定之前，你可能需要三思而后行。)”以及全文內(nèi)容，列舉了從事巧克力品嘗師這個職業(yè)要面對的各種挑戰(zhàn)，可知最佳標(biāo)題為：巧克力品嘗師不是一份輕松的差事。故選C。

D

Themysteryofhowgroupsoffireantssurvivefloodshaspuzzledbiologistsformanyyears.Butnowscientistshaveworkedouthowtheantssticktogetherinordertobuildakindofraft(筏)thathelpsthemtofloateasilyfordays.

ThefireantlivesintherainforestsofBrazil,whereheavyrainfallcancausefloodingtwicedaily.Inordertosticktogetherasacolony(群體)duringthesefloods,thefireantshook(鉤)theirlegsandmouthstogethertocreatealivingandbreathingmaterialthatfloatsforhours,orevenweeks,ifnecessary,untilfloodsgodown.

Theseso-calledfire-antraftscontainnearly200bodiespersquareinch;theycangrowtobeaslargeasgarbagebinlids(蓋)inthecaseoflargecolonies,butmoreoften,theygrowtothesizeofsmallplates.Theantsgatherthemselvesquicklyinresponsetoanemergency,andcanorganizethousandsofbodiesinlessthantwominutes,accordingtostudyresearcherDavidHu.“Theyareallactingtogether,andtherearesomanyofthemthattheyarereallybecomingasinglematerial.”saidProfessorHu.

Theyfoundthatlivingfireantswithinaraftalwayschangedtheirpositionsinresponsetoforces,suchasthepushofastickoradropofraininnature.“Thisresponsivenessallowsthefireantstodealwithsmallrocksorburstsofwaveswhilefloating.”Husaid.

Theraftisalsoself-healing,sothatifoneantisremovedfromtheraft,othersmoveintofillthespace.

Whenindangerofdrowning,acolonyofthetinycreatures-thousandsofthem-willsavethemselvesbyjoiningforcesandformingaraft.Thoughinsectsdoinsectthings,wehumanbeingscouldlearnathingortwoaboutteamworkfromtheawesomefireant.

12.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage

A.Tinycreaturescansurvivedisasters.

BFireantsworktogethertosurvivefloods.

C.Teamworkisimportantforhuman.

D.Raftshelpfireantsliveinnature.

13.Howcanthefireantssticktogether

A.Byjoiningacolony.B.Byfloatingforalongtime.

C.Byhookingpartsoftheirbodies.D.Bylivingandbreathingtogether.

14.Whatcanweknowaboutthefire-antrafts

A.Theycanbeformedinashorttime.

B.Theyareusuallythesizeofgarbagebinlids.

C.Theywillbeseparatedincaseofforces.

D.Theymovetosomespaceswhenindanger.

15.Whereisthepassagemostprobablyfrom

A.Anewsreport.B.Abrochure.

C.Astorybook.D.Amagazine.

【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文,講述火蟻如何聚集在一起應(yīng)對洪水。

【12題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Themysteryofhowgroupsoffireantssurvivefloodshaspuzzledbiologistsformanyyears.Butnowscientistshaveworkedouthowtheantssticktogetherinordertobuildakindofraft(筏)thathelpsthemtofloateasilyfordays.(火蟻群是如何在洪水中生存的，這一謎題困擾了生物學(xué)家多年。但現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)弄清楚了螞蟻是如何粘在一起建造一種筏子的(筏)，這種筏子可以幫助它們輕松漂浮幾天。)”可知,本文主要關(guān)于火蟻如何聚集在一起應(yīng)對洪水。故選B。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inordertosticktogetherasacolony(群體)duringthesefloods,thefireantshooktheirlegsandmouthstogethertocreatealiving,breathingwaterproof(防水的)materialthatfloatsforhours,orevenweeks,ifnecessary,untilfloodsgodown.(為了在洪水期間作為一個群體粘在一起，火蟻把它們的腿和嘴鉤在一起，形成一種有生命的、會呼吸的防水材料，這種材料可以漂浮幾個小時，甚至幾個星期，如果必要的話，直到洪水退去。)”可知,火蟻用腳和嘴彼此之間鉤住,以聯(lián)合聚集在一起,形成一塊防水的材料,可漂浮數(shù)小時甚至數(shù)周,待洪水退去。故選C。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theantsgatherthemselvesquicklyinresponsetoanemergency,andcanorganizethousandsofbodiesinlessthantwominutes,accordingtostudyresearcherDavidHu.(根據(jù)研究人員DavidHu的說法，這些螞蟻在緊急情況下迅速聚集起來，可以在不到兩分鐘的時間內(nèi)組織數(shù)千具身體。)”可知,火蟻可以在短時間內(nèi)迅速聚集起來,形成“筏”,以應(yīng)對洪水。故選A。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章主旨——關(guān)于火蟻如何聚集在一起應(yīng)對洪水，可知，文章屬于科普大自然的現(xiàn)象,故推斷文章可能來自雜志上的自然欄目。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

AmazingBenefitsofListeningtoMusicduringMeditation(冥想)

Therearemanybenefitsoflisteningtomusicduringmeditation.Ifyouhaven’ttriedityet,youshould!Itisnotonlyrelaxingbutalsobeneficialforyourmentalhealth.___16___

ReduceStress

Oneofitsbenefitsisareductioninthelevelsofstressandanxiety.___17___Ifyourworkloadisverydemanding,itisverynaturalforyoutofeelstressed-outoften.Whenyoulistentopleasantandsoftmusicduringmeditation,youwillfeelcalmerandremovestressfromyourlife.

BalanceYourEmotions

___18___Listeningtomusicwhilemeditatingcanhelpyoubalanceyouremotions.Peoplewhomeditatewhileregularlylisteningtomusiccanbalancetheirlives.Theyarebetterindealingwithemotions.Infact,theycanimprovetheirrelationshipsandhealwoundsquickerthanthosewhodon’ttakethisbeautifulpractice.

InspireYou

Whenyoulistentomusicwhilemeditating,youfeelinspired.Thisbringsaboutagoodfeeling,andyoucanrelaxandenjoyyourself.Youwillalsofeelgreataboutyourself.Thisisagreatinspirationtosomeonewhohaslosthopeinlife.___19___

Wonderful,wasn’titThejourneythroughmusicandmeditationissomethingweshouldalltry.Yourbody,mind,andsoulwillconnectwitheachother.___20___Rightfromthemomentyoustartmeditatingwiththehelpofmusic,youwillnoticechanges.

A.Yourhealthwillbeharmed.

B.Herearesomeofthebenefits.

C.Notonlythat,yourqualityoflifewillimprovetoo.

D.Meditationcanhelpyoulivealifefreeofanxiety.

E.Stressisoneofthemostcommonissuesintoday’sworld.

F.Maintaininganemotionalbalanceisveryimportant.

G.Youcanrecommendittosomeonewhoisstrugglingwithhopelessness.

【答案】16.B17.E18.F19.G20.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了冥想時聽音樂的許多好處。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“Ifyouhaven’ttriedityet,youshould!Itisnotonlyrelaxingbutalsobeneficialforyourmentalhealth.(如果你還沒有嘗試過，你應(yīng)該試試！它不僅放松，而且有利于你的心理健康。)”可知，后文應(yīng)該提出聽音樂帶來的好處。B選項“Herearesomeofthebenefits.(以下是一些好處。)”承上啟下。故選B。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“Oneofitsbenefitsisareductioninthelevelsofstressandanxiety.(它的一個好處是減少壓力和焦慮的水平。)”可知，此處強調(diào)聽音樂的好處是減少壓力和焦慮。后文應(yīng)該承接該話題。E選項“Stressisoneofthemostcommonissuesintoday’sworld.(壓力是當(dāng)今世界最常見的問題之一。)”對壓力進行說明，承接前文。故選E。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“BalanceYourEmotions(平衡你的情緒)”可知，本段主要講述的是聽音樂可以平衡情緒。F選項“Maintaininganemotionalbalanceisveryimportant.(保持情緒平衡是非常重要的。)”承接前文，提出保持情緒的重要性，F(xiàn)選項話題保持一致，符合語境。故選F。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“InspireYou(激勵你)”以及“Thisisagreatinspirationtosomeonewhohaslosthopeinlife.(這對那些對生活失去希望的人來說是一個很大的鼓舞。)”可知，聽音樂可以對生活失去希望的人產(chǎn)生很大的鼓舞。G選項“Youcanrecommendittosomeonewhoisstrugglingwithhopelessness.(你可以把它推薦給那些正在絕望中掙扎的人。)”中的whoisstrugglingwithhopelessness與前文中的whohaslosthope呼應(yīng)，指出可以讓那些正在絕望中掙扎的人聽音樂，這樣可以鼓舞他們。故選G。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“Thejourneythroughmusicandmeditationissomethingweshouldalltry.Yourbody,mind,andsoulwillconnectwitheachother.(通過音樂和冥想的旅程是我們都應(yīng)該嘗試的事情。你的身體、思想和靈魂會相互聯(lián)系。)”可知，此處指出聽音樂和冥想帶來的好處。C選項“Notonlythat,yourqualityoflifewillimprovetoo.(不僅如此，你的生活質(zhì)量也會提高。)”承接前文指出，聽音樂和冥想不僅讓身體、思想和靈魂會相互聯(lián)系，也能夠提高生活質(zhì)量。故選C。

第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)

第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

WhenIwaswalkingbackhomeataround12:15p.m.duringmylunchbreakoneday,anapplecore(果核)cameflyingtowardsme.Itlandedjustbeforemyfeet.Surprised,Ithoughtmyself___21___nottogethitbyit.

Theapplewas___22___overthewallbyaschoolstudent.Iliveoppositeaschool.Awall___23___myapartmentbuildingfromtheschool.

Thinkingitwasaone-off___24___,ItoldmyfriendLucy,andwelaughedaboutit.

Then,theweekafter,Iwaswalkingalongexactlythesameplaceatthesametimeandbam!Anotherapple___25___thewall.Thistimeit___26___ontheroofofashed(棚屋).Ithoughttomyself:”Isitmydestiny(命運)togethitbyanapple”

LastweekIwaswalkingbackhome.I___27___myphone.Itwas12:15p.m..My___28___wanderedtothosetwotimesbeforewhenI’dseenanapplethrownoverthewall.But___29___,mythoughtswereinterrupted(打斷)byanotherflyingapple!Thisonewasabigone.Onlyonebitehadbeentakenoutofit,anditwasthrownwithspeed.

Enoughwasenough.Someonecouldbereally____30____bytheseapples.Didthe____31____notrealizethatpeopleliveacrossthewallOrdotheynotcare

Itoldmyfriendaboutit.“Youshouldjustthrowtheapple____32____overthewall.Thatwillteachthem,”myfriendSam____33____.ButIdon’twanttoplaythat“game”.Astheysay,“Aneyeforaneyeleavesthewholeworldblind.”____34____,ImightenduphurtingsomeonewhenIthrowitback.

MaybeI’llcalltheschoolandletthemknow.Thestudentsresponsibleneedtoknowthattheymightenduphurtingsomeoneiftheykeepthrowingtheirwaste.What’smore,waste____35____tothebin,notanywhereelse.

21.A.awkwardB.luckyC.annoyedD.anxious

22.A.thrownB.droppedC.sentD.transported

23.A.preventsB.protectsC.organizesD.separates

24.A.expectationB.experienceC.experimentD.exploration

25.A.flewoverB.gotinC.wentthroughD.knockeddown

26.A.brokeB.movedC.passedD.landed

27.A.examinedB.checkedC.sawD.found

28.A.stepB.eyesC.emotionD.mind

29A.actuallyB.slowlyC.suddenlyD.finally

30.A.hurtB.confusedC.amazedD.impressed

31.A.leadersB.studentsC.teachersD.guards

32.A.forwardB.awayC.offD.back

33.A.orderedB.debatedC.suggestedD.requested

34.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Instead

35.A.sticksB.servesC.belongsD.rushes

【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.A26.D27.B28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.A35.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講是住在和學(xué)校有一墻之隔的地方，多次有學(xué)生往這個方向扔蘋果核，忍無可忍最終決定向?qū)W校揭發(fā)這件事的故事。

【21題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很驚訝，覺得自己很幸運沒有被它擊中。A.awkward尷尬的；B.lucky幸運的；C.annoyed生氣的；D.anxious焦慮的。根據(jù)前文“Itlandedjustbeforemyfeet.”可知，蘋果核落在我的腳下，說明我很幸運沒有被它砸中。故選B項。

【22題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：蘋果是一個學(xué)生從墻上扔下來的。A.thrown扔；B.dropped落下；C.sent發(fā)送；D.transported運輸。根據(jù)后文“Awall___3___myapartmentbuildingfromtheschool.”可知，我住的地方和學(xué)校一墻之隔，推斷出蘋果核是學(xué)生從墻上扔過來的。故選A項。

【23題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一堵墻分開了我的公寓樓和學(xué)校。A.prevents阻止；B.protects保護；C.organizes組織；D.separates隔開。根據(jù)前文“Iliveoppositeaschool.”可知，我住在一所學(xué)校的另一邊，說明我的公寓和學(xué)校是被一堵墻隔開的。故選D項。

【24題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我以為這是一次性的經(jīng)歷，就告訴了我的朋友露西，我們笑了。A.expectation期盼；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.experiment實驗；D.exploration探索。根據(jù)前文“WhenIwaswalkingbackhomeataround12:15p.m.duringmylunchbreakoneday,anapplecore(果核)cameflyingtowardsme.Itlandedjustbeforemyfeet.”可知，這是差點被蘋果核砸中的一次經(jīng)歷。故選B項。

【25題詳解】

考查動詞短語辨析。句意：又有一個蘋果飛越了墻。A.flewover飛越；B.gotin到達(dá)；C.wentthrough通過；D.knockeddown被擊倒。根據(jù)后文“Thistimeit___6___ontheroofofashed(棚屋).”可知，這次蘋果核飛越了墻落到了一個棚屋的屋頂上。故選A項。

【26題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這次它降落在一個棚屋的屋頂上。A.broke破壞；B.moved移動；C.passed通過；D.landed降落。根據(jù)前文“Anotherapple___5___thewall.”可知，另一個蘋果飛躍了墻，推斷出它降落在一個屋頂上。故選D項。

【27題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我查看了一下手機。A.examined檢查；B.checked查看；C.saw看見；D.found發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“Itwas12:15p.m..”可知，我查看了一下手機得知了時間。故選B項。

【28題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我看到一個蘋果被扔到墻上時，我的心思又回到了之前的那兩次。A.step腳步；B.eyes眼睛；C.emotion表情；D.mind心思。根據(jù)前文“whenI’dseenanapplethrownoverthewall”可知，當(dāng)我看到一個蘋果被扔到墻上時，我的思緒又回到了前兩次的扔蘋果事件時。故選D項。

【29題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但突然間，我的思緒被另一個飛蘋果打斷了！A.actually實際上；B.slowly緩慢地；C.suddenly突然；D.finally最后。根據(jù)后文“mythoughtswereinterrupted(打斷)byanotherflyingapple!”可知，我正在思考事情，另一只飛過來的蘋果這件事讓我覺得很突然。故選C項。

【30題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些蘋果可能真的會傷害到一些人。A.hurt傷害；B.confused使困惑；C.amazed驚訝；D.impressed留下印象。根據(jù)后文“ImightenduphurtingsomeonewhenIthrowitback”可知，認(rèn)為把蘋果核扔回去會傷害到某人，推斷出他認(rèn)為這些蘋果會傷人，hurt為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A項。

【31題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)生們沒有意識到有人住在墻的另一邊嗎？A.leaders領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；B.students學(xué)生；C.teachers老師；D.guards警衛(wèi)。根據(jù)前文“Theapplewas___2___overthewallbyaschoolstudent.”可知，蘋果時被學(xué)生們?nèi)映鰜淼模茢喑稣J(rèn)為學(xué)生們沒有意識到有人住在墻的另一邊。故選B項。

【32題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：你應(yīng)該把蘋果扔過墻去。A.forward向前；B.away遠(yuǎn)離；C.off離開；D.back回去。根據(jù)后文“Thatwillteachthem”可知，我的朋友希望我教訓(xùn)學(xué)生們，推斷出他建議我把蘋果扔回去。故選D項。

【33題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的朋友薩姆建議。A.ordered命令；B.debated辯論；C.suggested建議；D.requested要求。根據(jù)前文“Youshouldjustthrowtheapple___12___overthewall.”可知，的朋友建議他把蘋果扔回去。故選C項。

【34題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，當(dāng)我把它扔回去的時候，我可能會傷害到別人。A.Besides此外；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Instead相反。前文“Astheysay,“Aneyeforaneyeleavesthewholeworldblind.””和后文“ImightenduphurtingsomeonewhenIthrowitback”之間是遞進關(guān)系，應(yīng)用besides表示這種關(guān)系。故選A項。

【35題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：更重要的是，垃圾屬于垃圾桶，而不是其他地方。A.sticks堅持；B.serves服務(wù)；C.belongs屬于；D.rushes沖。根據(jù)常識，垃圾屬于垃圾桶，belongto為固定搭配，意為“屬于”。故選C項。

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題2分,滿分20分)

閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Asisknowntoall,therearemanybeautifulplacesinEuropeworth___36___(visit).AmongthemGreeceisatthetop.IfyougoonavacationtoGreece,it___37___(give)youeverythingyoueverwantonaholiday.The___38___(attraction)hotsprings,beautifulvillages,richhistory,deliciousseafoodandbeautifulbeachesareallhere.Winteristhetime___39___(enjoy)somegreatskiing,withsomanymountainsaroundherethatofferthissport.

Spainis___40___secondlargesttouristdestinationintheworld.It’soneofthefirst___41___(country)intheworldtodevelopsummerbeachvacations.Itisalsofamous___42___thebeautifulworldheritagesites(遺跡),42tobeexact.Forgreatnightlife,you’dlovetobeinBarcelonaorMadrid.

VeniceofItalyisanothergreatdestination.Ithasanamazinghistoryandisknownfor___43___(it)beautifularchitecture.Venice___44___(fill)withmanyartgalleries(美術(shù)館).TheGrandCanalisalongcanal(運河)____45____runsrightthroughthecity.Thecity,madeupof117smallislands,isamazinglylinkedby400bridgesover150canals.

【答案】36.visiting

37.willgive

38.attractive

39.toenjoy

40.the41.countries

42.for43.its

44.isfilled

45.which##that

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了歐洲有許多美麗的地方值得一游。

【36題詳解】

考查動名詞。句意：眾所周知，歐洲有許多美麗的地方值得一游。分析句子可知，此處為動詞短語beworthdoing表示“值得做某事”，所以此處為動名詞形式作賓語。故填visiting。

【37題詳解】

考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：如果你去希臘度假，它會給你度假時想要的一切。分析句子可知，此處為If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，遵循主將從現(xiàn)原則，所以此處主句應(yīng)為一般將來時。故填willgive。

【38題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意：這里有迷人的溫泉、美麗的村莊、悠久的歷史、美味的海鮮和美麗的海灘。由空后hotsprings為名詞可知，此處為形容詞作定語修飾該名詞，表示“有吸引力的”，為形容詞attractive。故填attractive。

【39題詳解】

考查動詞不定式。句意：冬天是享受滑雪的好時機，這里周圍有很多山，可以進行這項運動。分析句子可知，此處為動詞不定式作后置定語修飾名詞time，表示“做……的時間”。故填toenjoy。

【40題詳解】

考查冠詞。句意：西班牙是世界第二大旅游目地。由空后secondlargest可知，最高級前應(yīng)用定冠詞the，故填the。

【41題詳解】

考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。句意：它是世界上最早開發(fā)夏季海灘度假的國家之一。分析句子可知，此處為oneof后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“……的其中之一”，滿足句意要求。故填countries。

【42題詳解】

考查動詞短語。句意：它也以美麗的世界遺產(chǎn)而聞名，確切地說是42處。分析句子可知，此外動詞短語befamousfor“因……而出名”。故填for。

【43題詳解】

考查代詞。句意：它有著令人驚嘆的歷史，并以其美麗的建筑而聞名。由空后beautifularchitecture名詞短語可知，此處為形容詞性物主代詞作定語修飾該名詞短語。故填its。

【44題詳解】

考查動詞短語和時態(tài)。句意：威尼斯到處都是藝術(shù)畫廊。分析句子可知，此處為動詞短語befilledwith“充滿著”，滿足句意要求，結(jié)合上下文時態(tài)可知，應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語Venice為單數(shù)名詞，所以be動詞應(yīng)用is，故填isfilled。

【45題詳解】

考查定語從句。句意：大運河是一條長長的運河，正好穿過城市。分析句子可知，此處為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞canal，指物，且關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填which/that。

第四部分單句語法填空。(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)

46.Whatdelightedthefanswasthattheyoungplayerperformed________(extreme)wellinthetabletennistournament.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

【答案】extremely

【解析】

【詳解】考查副詞。句意：令球迷們高興的是，這位年輕運動員在乒乓球錦標(biāo)賽中表現(xiàn)得非常出色。分析句子可知，此處修飾副詞well，應(yīng)用副詞extremely，作狀語。故填extremely。

47.Taking________(responsible)forsomethingthatwentwrongisamarkofgreatmaturity(成熟).(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

【答案】responsibility

【解析】

【詳解】考查名詞。句意：對出錯的事情負(fù)責(zé)是非常成熟的標(biāo)志。提示詞作賓語，用名詞responsibility，意為“責(zé)任；負(fù)責(zé)”，句中表抽象概念，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填responsibility。

48.Thevisitorsherearegreatly________(impress)bythefactthatpeoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfornewJiangsu.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

【答案】impressed

【解析】

【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：各界人士為新江蘇的建設(shè)付出了巨大的努力，這給來賓留下了深刻的印象。分析句子，設(shè)空應(yīng)為過去分詞，和主語之間是是被動關(guān)系，和前面的are構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故填impressed。

49.Butfamily________(expert)warnthatthenewequalitycanalsoresultinlessrespectforparents.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)

【答案】experts

【解析】

【詳解】考查名詞。句意：但家庭專家警告說，新的平等也會導(dǎo)致對父母的尊重減少。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用名詞作主語，此處表示復(fù)數(shù)意義。故填experts。

50.Bytakingcontrol________howyouspendyourtime,youwillincreaseyourchancesofbecomingamoresuccessfulstudent.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)

【答案】of

【解析】

【詳解】考查介詞。句意：通過控制你如何支配你的時間，你將增加你成為一個更成功的學(xué)生的機會。分析句子，句中takecontrolof為固定短語，意為“控制”。故填of。2022級高二上英語開學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測（一）

高二英語

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項。

A

WelcometoOurFestival

StoryShowinOheron

Adults

8:00pm—10:00pm

Joinusforaneveningoftrue,personalstoriesaboutetotheonlyshowwhereyoucanhearpeople—scientists,not-scientists,andhalf-scientists-tellfunnyandtouchingstoriesabouttheroleofscienceintheirlives.

Cost:$10

MakeYourOwniPhoneCasethroughToysinbox3DPrinting

Familiesthus,youmayhavetolimitorgiveupyourintakeofothercalorie-richfoods.Achocolatetasterwhodoesn’ttakegoodcareofhispersonalhealthcandevelopdiseasessuchasdiabetes,toothcavities,andsoon.

Chocolatetastersmustlovechocolateandhaveabroadunderstandingofvariouschocolateflavors.Whiletasting,youaretotakeabiteandchewitforafewseconds,lettingitslowlymeltinyourmouthandspreadtoallpartsofyourtonguetoevaluate(評價)itsflavors.Youmustpayattentiontodetailsandlearntoidentifyflavorsandqualityquickly.Youalsohavetotastesomekindsofchocolatethatyoumaynotlike.Besides,understandingcustomerpreferencesisveryimportant.Youwillspendtimestudyingcustomer-basedresearchfindingstotrytodeterminetheflavorsthatwillmeettheirdemands.

8.Inordertotakegoodcareofthemselves,chocolatetastersmayhaveto________.

A.giveupfoodsthatcontainfat

B.takepillstoensuretheirintakeofvitamins

C.stopeatinganyfoodthattastessweet

D.limitfoodsthatarehighincalories

9.Theauthormayagreethat________.

A.chocolatetastingisnotarealjob

B.onehadbetterthinkcarefullyaboutbecomingachocolatetaster

Cchocolatetastersliveaspecialandinterestinglife

D.onehastoknoweverythingtobecomeachocolatetaster

10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue

A.Onecanbeagoodchocolatetasteraslongashe/sheknowsmuchabouttheflavorsofdifferentchocolates.

B.Whiletasting,thetasterchewsthechocolatetoassessitsrecipe(食譜).

C.Thechocolatetasterhastherighttoselectthechocolatehe/sheprefers.

D.Thechocolatetasterhastospendtimestudyingcustomerpreferences.

11.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage

A.HowToBeaChocolateTasterB.APopularandFunnyCareer

C.ChocolateTastingIsNoSweetJobD.EarnaLivingbyEating

D

Themysteryofhowgroupsoffireantssurvivefloodshaspuzzledbiologistsformanyyears.Butnowscientistshaveworkedouthowtheantssticktogetherinordertobuildakindofraft(筏)thathelpsthemtofloateasilyfordays.

ThefireantlivesintherainforestsofBrazil,whereheavyrainfallcancausefloodingtwicedaily.Inordertosticktogetherasacolony(群體)duringthesefloods,thefireantshook(鉤)theirlegsandmouthstogethertocreatealivingandbreathingmaterialthatfloatsforhours,orevenweeks,ifnecessary,untilfloodsgodown.

Theseso-calledfire-antraftscontainnearly200bodiespersquareinch;theycangrowtobeaslargeasgarbagebinlids(蓋)inthecaseoflargecolonies,butmoreoften,theygrowtothesizeofsmallplates.Theantsgatherthemselvesquicklyinresponsetoanemergency,andcanorganizethousandsofbodiesinlessthantwominutes,accordingtostudyresearcherDavidHu.“Theyareallactingtogether,andtherearesomanyofthemthattheyarereallybecomingasinglematerial.”saidProfessorHu.

Theyfoundthatlivingfireantswithinaraftalwayschangedtheirpositionsinresponsetoforces,suchasthepushofastickoradropofraininnature.“Thisresponsivenessallowsthefireantstodealwithsmallrocksorburstsofwaveswhilefloating.”Husaid.

Theraftisalsoself-healing,sothatifoneantisremovedfromtheraft,othersmoveintofillthespace.

Whenindangerofdrowning,acolonyofthetinycreatures-thousandsofthem-willsavethemselvesbyjoiningforcesandformingaraft.Thoughinsectsdoinsectthings,wehumanbeingscouldlearnathingortwoaboutteamworkfromtheawesomefireant.

12.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage

A.Tinycreaturescansurvivedisasters.

B.Fireantsworktogethertosurvivefloods.

C.Teamworkisimportantforhuman.

D.Raftshelpfireantsliveinnature.

13.Howcanthefireantssticktogether

A.Byjoiningacolony.B.Byfloatingforalongtime.

C.Byhookingpartsoftheirbodies.D.Bylivingandbreathingtogether.

14.Whatcanweknowaboutthefire-antrafts

A.Theycanbeformedinashorttime.

B.Theyareusuallythesizeofgarbagebinlids.

C.Theywillbeseparatedincaseofforces.

D.Theymovetosomespaceswhenindanger.

15.Whereisthepassagemostprobablyfrom

A.Anewsreport.B.Abrochure.

C.Astorybook.D.Amagazine.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

AmazingBenefitsofListeningtoMusicduringMeditation(冥想)

Therearemanybenefitsoflisteningtomusicduringmeditation.Ifyouhaven’ttriedityet,youshould!Itisnotonlyrelaxingbutalsobeneficialforyourmentalhealth.___16___

ReduceStress

Oneofitsbenefitsisareductioninthelevelsofstressandanxiety.___17___Ifyourworkloadisverydemanding,itisverynaturalforyoutofeelstressed-outoften.Whenyoulistentopleasantandsoftmusicduringmeditation,youwillfeelcalmerandremovestressfromyourlife.

BalanceYourEmotions

___18___Listeningtomusicwhilemeditatingcanhelpyoubalanceyouremotions.Peoplewhomeditatewhileregularlylisteningtomusiccanbalancetheirlives.Theyarebetterindealingwithemotions.Infacttheycanimprovetheirrelationshipsandhealwoundsquickerthanthosewhodon’ttakethisbeautifulpractice.

InspireYou

Whenyoulistentomusicwhilemeditating,youfeelinspired.Thisbringsaboutagoodfeeling,andyoucanrelaxandenjoyyourself.Youwillalsofeelgreataboutyourself.Thisisagreatinspirationtosomeonewhohaslosthopeinlife.___19___

Wonderful,wasn’titThejourneythroughmusicandmeditationissomethingweshouldalltry.Yourbody,mind,andsoulwillconnectwitheachother.___20___Rightfromthemomentyoustartmeditatingwiththehelpofmusic,youwillnoticechanges.

A.Yourhealthwillbeharmed.

B.Herearesomeofthebenefits.

C.Notonlythat,yourqualityoflifewillimprovetoo.

D.Meditationcanhelpyoulivealifefreeofanxiety.

E.Stressisoneofthemostcommonissuesintoday’sworld.

F.Maintaininganemotionalbalanceisveryimportant.

G.Youcanrecommendittosomeonewhoisstrugglingwithhopelessness.

第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)

第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

WhenIwaswalkingbackhomeataround12:15p.m.duringmylunchbreakoneday,anapplecore(果核)cameflyingtowardsme.Itlandedjustbeforemyfeet.Surprised,Ithoughtmyself___21___nottogethitbyit.

Theapplewas___22___overthewallbyaschoolstudent.Iliveoppositeaschool.Awall___23___myapartmentbuildingfromtheschool.

Thinkingitwasaone-off___24___,ItoldmyfriendLucy,andwelaughedaboutit.

T