高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)核心素養(yǎng)測評五必修1Unit5NelsonMandela-amodernhero（含解析）新人教版

核心素養(yǎng)測評五必修1Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero(限時(shí)35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解Rolemodelsarepowerful.Nomatterwhatstageoflifeyou’reat,it’sgoodtohavesomeonewhoencouragesyoutobethebestversionofyourself.Recentwinnersofnationalcommendations(表彰)meanwehaveawiderrangeofpossiblerolemodels.Aspartofthecelebrationofthe70thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC),PresidentXiJinpingsignedapresidentialdecree(主席令)onSept17toaward42peopletheMedaloftheRepublic,theFriendshipMedalandnationalhonorary(榮譽(yù)的)titles,ChinaDailyreported.Recipientscomefromvariousbackgrounds,includingscientists,lawmakers,educators,artists,modelworkersandsixnon-Chineseindividuals.Allhavemadebigcontributionstothenation’sconstructionanddevelopment.ChinesescientistTuYouyouisoneoftheeightwhowereawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic.Tu,whowonthe2015NobelPrizeforherdiscoveryofthemalariadrugartemisinin(抗瘧藥物青蒿素),isthefirstChinesecitizentowinaNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.Shehassavedmillionsoflivesworldwide.ShehasalsomadeimportantscientificinnovationsintraditionalChinesemedicine.“ItismydreamthatChinesemedicinewillhelpusconquer(戰(zhàn)勝)life-threateningdiseasesworldwideandthatpeopleacrosstheglobewillenjoyitsbenefits,”TuoncewroteinthesciencejournalNatureMedicine.Tuisnottheonlyonewhohasgivenherlifetothecountry’sdevelopment.NanRendong,beforehisdeathin2017,ledtheresearchanddevelopmentofChina’sFive-hundred-meterApertureSphericalRadioTelescope(FAST,500米口徑球面射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡),theworld’slargestradiotelescope.Heworkedontheprojectformorethan20years.Thefacility(設(shè)備)hedesignedhelpshumanssearchforextraterrestrialcivilizations(外星文明)andmarkedaChinesetechnologicalmilestone.HiscontributionstoChineseastronomy(天文)earnedhimthetitle,“thepeople’sscientist”.AlsoreceivingawardsaresixforeignfriendswhohavelenttheirhandstoassistwithChina’sprosperity(繁榮).FormerFrenchPrimeMinisterJean-PierreRaffarin,anhonoreeoftheFriendshipMedal,isanadvocate(支持者)oftheBeltandRoadInitiative.HavingworkedtostrengthenthefriendshipbetweenFrenchandChinesepeopleinthepastdecades,hetoldXinhuathatheis“sincerelypleased”withthehonor.“Toworkforthisfriendshipistoworkforpeace,”Raffarinsaid.Thankstothegreateffortsmadebytheseheroicfigures,wecanliveinaprosperousandpeacefulcountry.Hopefullytheserolemodelscanalsolightthewayforfuturenationbuilding.【文章大意】榜樣的力量是無窮的。作為建國70周年慶典的一部分,習(xí)近平主席簽署了一項(xiàng)主席令——嘉獎(jiǎng)對國家建設(shè)和發(fā)展做出杰出貢獻(xiàn)的屠呦呦、南仁東以及法國前總理Jean-PierreRaffarin等人。文章主要介紹了這三位杰出人物的事跡。1.What’sthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.Toexpressthankstonationalheroes.B.Totellreaderswhatmakesagoodrolemodel.C.Todescribethenationalhonorarytitlesawardedrecently.D.Tointroducesomeofthepeoplewhowonnationalawards.【解析】選D。目的意圖題。根據(jù)文章第一段首句“Rolemodelsarepowerful.”與第二段習(xí)近平簽署的嘉獎(jiǎng)主席令以及后文對三位杰出人物的介紹可知,本文的寫作目的就是介紹獲獎(jiǎng)的人。2.WhatdoweknowaboutTuYouyou?A.SheistheonlywomantobeawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic.B.ShewonaNobelPrizeforherdiscoveryofartemisininin2017.C.Shehashelpedmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworlddefeatmalaria.D.ShehashelpedtraditionalChinesemedicinegainpopularityworldwide.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Tu,whowonthe2015NobelPrizeforherdiscoveryofthemalariadrugartemisinin...shehassavedmillionsoflivesworldwide.”可知,屠呦呦發(fā)現(xiàn)了抗瘧藥物青蒿素,挽救了世界上數(shù)百萬人們的生命,也因此獲得了2015年的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。3.NanRendongwasawardedforhiscontributionsinthefieldof________.

A.law B.agricultureC.astronomy D.education【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的描述可知,南仁東曾經(jīng)主導(dǎo)研究和發(fā)展了500米口徑球面射電望遠(yuǎn)鏡(FAST),這是世界上最大的電波天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡。由此可知,他的貢獻(xiàn)在天文領(lǐng)域。4.WhydidJean-PierreRaffarinreceiveanaward?A.HeintroducedChineseeducationtoFrance.B.HehashelpedimproveChina-Francerelations.C.HehasorganizedmanyculturalactivitiesinChina.D.HehasdevotedhimselftoChina’seconomy【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Jean-PierreRaffarin...HavingworkedtostrengthenthefriendshipbetweenFrenchandChinesepeopleinthepastdecades...”。可知,Jean-PierreRaffarin獲獎(jiǎng),是因?yàn)樗麕椭纳屏酥蟹P(guān)系。Ⅱ.完形填空WhenIwaseighteen,Icouldn’twaittogetmyfirstjob,whichmeantImadethefirststeptowardadulthood.Butitwasdifficulttogetaworkpermit.OnedayIwasdroppedoffbymyparentsatthe1,whereapplicantstooktheirphysicaltestsforworkpermits.AlthoughIhadnightblindness,myvisionwasclearerduringtheday,whichhelpedmewalk2bymyself.Thenthedoctorbeganthe3.Helookedintomyeyeswithabrightlight.“Isuggestyourparentstakeyoutoaneyespecialist,”hesaid,“Isuspectyouhavearetinal(視網(wǎng)膜的)disease.Ifyoudo,you’llnever4Myparentsdidtakemetospecialists.Aftermuchtimeandmoneyspentseekingan5result,itwasdeterminedthatIhadaneyediseasethatslowly6apersonofsight.Butstill,duringdaylight,Icouldwalkwithout7.Icouldread,butnotforhours.MyeyesbegantotearandwordsslippedoffthepagewhenIreadmorethanafewpages.However,nomatterhow8myeyesbecame,Inevergaveupreading.Iknewthenamesofgreatwritersaswellasthemostpopularmusicstars.Theirwordswerepowerful,which9metotrywriting.Soonwritingbroughtmealotof10Thenanimportantphonecallfromaneditorchangedmylife.AnarticleIpennedappearedinalocalnewspaper.Thenewspaper,tomy11,continuedtoprintmywork.Next,abookseriespublishedseveralofmyessays.Igotinterestedinwritingand12upwitheachacceptance.Now,Ihavenumerousessaysandarticlesin13.

ShouldIbethankingthatmisguideddoctor?ByfalselypredictingthatIcouldneverworkaday,hefueledmy14intosuccess.Hesetthebartoo15andfocusedonwhatIwouldn’tbeabletodo.YetIprovedwhatIcoulddo.

【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一名醫(yī)生錯(cuò)誤的預(yù)言反而讓作者勇于與困難作斗爭,并喜歡上了寫作,最終成功的故事。1.A.station B.clinic C.company D.lab【解析】選B。station車站;clinic診所;company公司;lab實(shí)驗(yàn)室。根據(jù)下文“whereapplicantstooktheirphysicaltestsforworkpermits”可知,那些申請者們都在那個(gè)地方做身體檢查,故可知當(dāng)時(shí)作者是在“診所”里體檢。故選B。2.A.silently B.suddenlyC.proudly D.easily【解析】選D。silently安靜地;suddenly忽然;proudly驕傲地;easily容易地。根據(jù)語境,當(dāng)時(shí)作者有夜盲癥,但在白天看得很清楚,所以他還是能夠很“容易地”自己走路。故選D。3.A.operation B.examinationC.argument D.treatment【解析】選B。operation手術(shù);examination檢查;argument爭論;treatment治療。根據(jù)上文提示,可知作者在診所做身體“檢查”。故選B。4.A.rest B.live C.work D.sleep【解析】選C。rest休息;live生活;work工作;sleep睡覺。根據(jù)文章最后一段第二句中的“Icouldneverworkaday”可知,此處用work,故選C。5.A.urgent B.obviousC.ordinary D.accurate【解析】選D。urgent緊急的;obvious明顯的;ordinary普通的;accurate準(zhǔn)確的。根據(jù)后文“itwasdeterminedthatIhadaneyedisease”提到最終確定我的眼部疾病,由此可知,父母帶我到處求醫(yī)就是為了得到一個(gè)“準(zhǔn)確的”結(jié)果。故選D。6.A.robs B.warnsC.reminds D.informs【解析】選A。robs搶劫;warns警告;reminds提醒;informs告訴。根據(jù)上下文可知,這種眼疾會(huì)慢慢“奪走”我的視力。robsb.ofsth.是固定搭配,意思是“把某人的某物掠奪了”。故選A。7.A.medicine B.allowanceC.balance D.assistance【解析】選D。medicine藥;allowance允許;balance平衡;assistance幫助。根據(jù)上下文語境可知,作者仍然是在白天不需要任何人的“協(xié)助”可以自己走路。故選D。8.A.excited B.confusedC.tired D.moved【解析】選C。excited興奮的;confused困惑的;tired疲倦的;moved感動(dòng)的。根據(jù)上文“Myeyesbegantotearandwordsslippedoffthepage”可知,讀書時(shí)間長了作者的眼睛會(huì)感到“疲倦”,故選C。9.A.asked B.forcedC.encouraged D.permitted【解析】選C。asked問;forced強(qiáng)迫;encouraged鼓勵(lì);permitted允許。根據(jù)上下文語境可知,作者讀了很多書,是這些文字“激勵(lì)”作者去嘗試寫作,故選C。10.A.trouble B.pleasureC.stress D.worry【解析】選B。trouble麻煩;pleasure快樂;stress壓力;worry憂慮。根據(jù)上下文語境可知,寫作給作者帶來了很多的“樂趣”,故選B。11.A.delight B.admirationC.disappointment D.shame【解析】選A。delight高興;admiration欽佩;disappointment失望;shame羞愧。根據(jù)下文報(bào)紙繼續(xù)刊登作者的文章可推斷出,作者非?！案吲d”,故選A。12.A.gave B.came C.lit D.put【解析】選C。gave給;came來;lit點(diǎn)亮;put放。句意:我對寫作很感興趣,每當(dāng)作品被別人接受,我就會(huì)很高興。light(lit是其過去式)up是固定搭配,意思是“點(diǎn)亮,照亮”,此處是指高興起來。故選C。13.A.print B.time C.use D.mind【解析】選A。print印刷;time時(shí)間;use使用;mind思想。句意:現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)出版了無數(shù)文章。在英語中,inprint是固定搭配,意思是“已出版的”。故選A。14.A.imagination B.motivationC.responsibility D.personality【解析】選B。imagination想象;motivation動(dòng)力;responsibility責(zé)任;personality個(gè)性。根據(jù)上文語境可知,醫(yī)生錯(cuò)誤的預(yù)言給作者很大的“動(dòng)力”,讓作者有了今天的成就。故選B。15.A.far B.long C.close D.low【解析】選D。far遠(yuǎn)的;long長的;close近的;low低的。根據(jù)上文可知,醫(yī)生認(rèn)為作者不能工作,作者卻有如此大的成就,因此,醫(yī)生給作者設(shè)的坎太“低”了,故選D?！局R(shí)拓展】佳詞積累

1.permitvt.許可;允許n.許可證

2.dropoff 讓……下車

3.specialist n.專家

4.powerful adj.強(qiáng)有力的

5.continue v.繼續(xù)

6.satisfaction n.滿足

7.predict v.預(yù)測Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。XuLizhen,anoldlady,hasbeenactingasatourguidefornearly20yearsinYangshuo,Guilin,1.________isacityknownbothinChinaandabroadforitsbeautifullandscape.2.________sheattendedonlyprimaryschoolwhenshewasyoung,shecannowspeakapproximately11foreignlanguages3.________(fluent).

Since20yearsago,tourists4.________(show)affectionforYangshuo,includingagreatmanyforeigners,Inordertomakea5.________(live),XuLizhenbegantosellwater.However,shecouldhardlymakeanymoneyatfirstbecauseforeignersdidn’tunderstandheraccent.Shetriedtoimitatethe6.________(pronounce)oftheforeigners,takenotesandlearnthem7.________heart.IfshecameacrosstouristswhocanspeakbothChineseandaforeignlanguage,shewouldaskthemtotranslatetheirwordsmanytimessothatshecouldrememberthem8.________(well).Itisinthiswaythattheoldgrannymasters11languages,suchasEnglish,French,Russian,Korean.Now,shehasnodifficultyatall9.________(communicate)withforeignfriendsinsimpleoralEnglish.Sheisalso10.________(refer)toasMotherMoonforherkindnessamongtourists.

【文章大意】本文介紹了陽朔的一位被大家稱為MotherMoon的導(dǎo)游奶奶,雖然她只有小學(xué)文化水平,但為了謀生,她自學(xué)了11門外語。1.【解析】which。考查定語從句。空格前有逗號(hào),且空格后句子缺少主語,所以考查缺少主語的非限制性定語從句,關(guān)系詞只能從who與which中選擇。又因?yàn)橄刃性~為Yangshuo,是一個(gè)地名,故填which。2.【解析】Though/Although/While?？疾檫B詞。根據(jù)下文“現(xiàn)在她能流利地說大約11種外語”可知,前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故用連詞Though/Although/While引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,表示“盡管”。3.【解析】fluently?？疾楦痹~?？崭裰苯有揎梽?dòng)詞speak,應(yīng)用fluent的副詞形式。故填fluently。4.【解析】haveshown?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Since20yearsago可知,此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填haveshown。5.【解析】living?？疾楣潭ù钆洹akealiving謀生。故填living。6.【解析】pronunciation?？疾槊~。此處表示她模仿外國人的發(fā)音,屬于“the+名詞+of”的結(jié)構(gòu)。pronounce的名詞形式為pronunciation。故填pronunciation。7.【解析】by。考查介詞。句意:她努力模仿外國人的發(fā)音,記筆記,然后再記住?！發(fā)earnbyheart”意為“記住”。故填by。8.【解析】better。考查副詞的比較級。句意:如果她遇到既會(huì)說漢語又會(huì)說外語的游客,她就會(huì)讓他們多翻譯幾次,這樣她能記得更好。故用副詞的比較級形式修飾動(dòng)詞remember。故填better。9.【解析】communicating?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞?！白瞿呈聸]有困難”常用短語havenodifficulty(in)doingsth.。故填communicating。10.【解析】referred?？疾楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。句意:她還被稱作月亮母親。bereferredtoas...意為“被稱作……”,其主動(dòng)形式為referto...as...。故填referred。Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫(2020年山東新高考模擬)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Thoughitisoneofthefadedmemoriesofmylifetoday,therearetimeswhenIrememberhisfaceclearly,especiallyhiseyes.AshehadyellowspotsonhiseyeswecalledhimSpotty.Hewouldhavebeenastray(流浪)doguntilhecametome.Iwassevenyearsold.MydadhadjustgotanewjobinNasik.Wehadmovedintoarentedhouse.Itwasrainingveryheavilyonthedaywemoved.Itwasacolddarknight.Wehadourmealandwenttosleep.SomehowinthemidnightIheardsomestrangesoundsoutsidethemaindoor.IgatheredcourageandlookedoutthroughthewindowandIwasreallyamusedwithwhatIsawoutside.Therewasasmallpuppylyingonanolddoormatwhichmymotherhadputoutsidethedoor.Itwaswetandtrembling.Atfirstitwasdifficulttoseethelittleone.Itwastheyellowspotsonitseyesthatmademerealizeitspresence.ItwastryingtogetunderthedoormattoavoidthecoldairoutsideandithadmanagedtogetinasIcouldseeonlyitsheadoutsidethedoormat.Wasitsickorinjured?Ifeltpityforthepoorsoul.Iwentinandcameoutwithanoldtowel.Iwentneartheinnocentoneandhelditinmyhandandwipedthepuppytillhehadbecomedry.Itookhimintomyroomandmadeabedforhimwithawoolenblanketandasmallpillow.Heseemedveryhealthyandcomfortableinhisnewbedashewenttosleepimmediately.Thenextmorning,everyoneinthefamilycametoknowabouttheunusualguest.“Shallwekeephimwithus?”Iquestionedmymom.Likeanyotherparentswould,myparentsfirsttotallyrefusedmyideabutmysisterandIconvincedthemtokeepSpotty.SlowlySpottygotonwitheveryoneandbecameoneofthefamilymembers.注意:續(xù)寫部分分為兩段,每段的開頭語已為你寫好。Oneday,Spottyreturnedfromhisdailywalkwithabrokenleg._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Almostayearlater,onemidnightweheardSpottybarkingbreathlessly.

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