廣東高考英語試題及答案解析

2014年廣東高考英語試題及答案解析

I語言知識及應(yīng)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)

完形填空（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1~15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

Parentsfeelthatitisdifficulttolivewithteenagers.Thenagain,teenagershave1______feelingabouttheirparents,sayingthatitisnoteasylivingwiththem.Accordingtoarecentresearch,themostcommon2______betweenparentsandteenagersisthatregardinguntidinessanddailyroutinetasks.Ontheonehand,parentsgomadover3_______rooms,clothersthrownonthefloorandtheirchildren’srefusaltohelpwiththe4_____.Ontheotherhand,teenagerslosetheirpatiencecontinuallywhenparentsblamethemfor5______thetowelinthebathroom,notcleaningtheirroomorrefusingtodotheshoppingatthesuppermarket.

Theresearch,conductedbySt.

Psychologistssaythat12______isthemostimportantthinginparent-childrelationships.Parentsshould13_______totheirchildrenbutatthesametimetheyshouldlendaneartowhattheyhavetosay.Parentsmay14_______theirchildrenwhentheyareuntidybuttheyshouldalsounderstandthattheirroomistheir

own

privatespace.Communicationisatwo-wayprocess.Itonlybylisteningtoand15________eachotherthatprobemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.1.A.natural

B.strong

C.guilty

D.similar2.A.interest

B.argument

C.link

D.knowledge3.A.noisy

B.crowded

C.messy

D.locked4.A.homework

B.housework

C.problem

D.research5.A.washing

B.using

C.dropping

D.replacing6.A.approaches

B.contributions

C.introductions

D.attitudes7.A.complex

B.popular

C.scientific

D.successful8.A.later

B.deliberately

C.seldom

D.thoroughly9.A.behavior

B.taste

C.future

D.nature10.A.failures

B.changes

C.consequences

D.thrills11.A.defend

B.delay

C.repeat

D.reconsider12.A.communication

B.bond

C.friendship

D.trust13.A.reply

B.attend

C.attach

D.talk14.A.hate

B.scold

C.frighten

D.stop15.A.loving

B.observing

C.understanding

D.praising答案及解析：（“可樂”解釋）

本文首先指出父母與十幾歲的孩子之間存在矛盾沖突及其原因，然后是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的不同父母對此采取的不同方法，有的方法較另一些方法更有效果，最后一段是心理學家對解決沖突的建議。

1.

D由noteasylivingwiththem(theirparents)(孩子覺得與父母生活在一起不易)與difficulttolivewithteenagers(父母覺得與十幾歲的孩子生活在一起很難)可知，孩子與父母有“相似的”感受。(邏輯推斷)

2.B由前兩句，可知父母之間有“矛盾”，再根據(jù)regardinguntidinessanddailyroutinetasks(關(guān)于不整潔和日常事情)，對照各選項，只有argument(爭吵)適合。(邏輯推斷)

3.C由前句的untidiness和后面的clothesthrownonthefloor可知，房間是messy(凌亂不堪的)。(邏輯推斷；也可將untidiness與messy看作是近義復(fù)現(xiàn))

4.B由上文提到的收拾房間之類的事，應(yīng)是housework(家務(wù)活)。(上下義復(fù)現(xiàn))

5.C由后面的notcleaninguptheirroomorrefusingtodotheshopping可知，這里應(yīng)是droppingthetowelinthebathroom，一起為blamethem的原因。(邏輯推斷，或詞語同現(xiàn)，受責備的應(yīng)都是負面的意思)

6.A由下句的However,someapproaches提示，可知這里是指“不同的父母對待這些問題有不同的‘方法’”。(原詞復(fù)現(xiàn))

7.D從下面的例子可以看出，有的方法比別的方法更能“達到預(yù)期的目的(successful)”。下文中的dobetter也有提示作用。(邏輯推斷)

8.A指yellattheirchildren(對孩子大聲叫喊)之后，意為“但是‘后來’又為他們清掃房間”。(邏輯推斷)

9.A改變孩子不愛整潔的“行為(behavior)”。(邏輯推斷)

10.C據(jù)下文所舉的例子“不幫父母去買東西”“在冰箱里就找不到自己最喜歡的飲料”可知，這是讓孩子“感受到自己的行為產(chǎn)生的‘后果’”。(邏輯推斷)

11.D在有了上述經(jīng)歷之后，他們就會“重新考慮”他們的行動。(邏輯推斷)

12.A由下文中的Communicationisatwo-wayprocess可知，此處填communication。事實上，當完成第13空后，就基本上確定此題選A了。(原詞復(fù)現(xiàn))

13.D由but可知，要選與lendanearto(=listento傾聽)相對的talk。(詞語同現(xiàn)；邏輯推斷)

14.B由but可知，要選與understand(理解)相對的scold(責罵)。(詞語同現(xiàn)；邏輯推斷)

15.C此句是強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，是對前兩句的總結(jié)，一句是說要lendanearto(=listento傾聽)，一句是說要understand(傾聽)，所以總結(jié)為“只有通過傾聽和相互理解，父母與孩子之間的問題才可得到解決”。(原詞復(fù)現(xiàn))

第二節(jié)

語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或者括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為16~25的相應(yīng)位置上。

Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid____16____wasawonderfulholidaydestination.Beforewewent,wehadplannedformonths.Whenthedaycame,wewereready.

Afterourplanelanded,wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths____17____(early),butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We____18____（tell）thatourroomshadn’tbeenreservedforthatweek,____19____fortheweekafter.Ididn’tunderstand____20____thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged____21____

thereservation.What’sworse,thehotelhadbeenfullybooked.Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo,themanagercameout.Shewas____22____（surprise）helpful.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon

____23____topfloor.Wehadneverstayedinsuchanamazingroom,andweweren’tchargedextra.

Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach____24____wewatchedsomepeopleplay

D.Kindnessandviolencecanshapeone’scharacter.35.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Peopleshouldpracticerandomkindnesstothoseinneed.

B.Peoplewhoreceivekindnessarelikelytoofferittoothers.

C.Peopleshouldpracticerandomkindnesstostrangerstheymeet.

D.Peoplewhoreceivekindnessarelikelytopayitbacktothegiver.答案及解析：

31.B細節(jié)推斷題。第一段說NatalieSmith為其后面的六輛車交費，第二段交等了其中的原因，是她看到的“Practicerandomkindnessandsenselessactsofbeauty”這句話給了她深刻印象，由此推斷，她是受這句話的啟發(fā)，“想給他人施恩”，故選B。

32.A細節(jié)理解題。由第三段第三句“Ithoughtitwasbeautiful,”shesaid,explainingwhyshe’dtakentowritingitatthebottomofallherletters可知，選A。選項B文中無信息支持，無中生有；選項C“決定將其寫在倉庫墻上”與文中“看到離家很遠的一個倉庫墻上看到這句話”意義不同，張冠李戴；雖然文中有她老公將其寫在教室的墻上，但并不是她要他寫的，更不是她抄寫這句話的目的，與事實不符。

33.D細節(jié)理解題。本題是問“誰想出這句話來的”，由第四段中的“ItwasinarestaurantthatAnnewrotethephrasedownonapieceofpaper”可知，是AnneHerbert想出這句話來的?？捎门懦?，NatalieSmith是在朋友的冰霜上看到的，JudyForeman是在倉庫的墻上抄下來的，AliceJohnson是從她女兒那得知的，她女兒是因為JudyForeman的老公將此句寫在教室的墻上而得知的，故不是這三個人想出來的。

34.C推斷句子意義。推斷詞、短語或句子意思，需結(jié)合上下文去理解。本段中先是AnneHerbert解釋她想出的那句話意為：你認為(生活中或世界上)應(yīng)該多一些存在的事，那么你就隨意去做這樣的事。接說著她想象中的這類事包括“給破舊教室粉墻”“在窮人區(qū)的廚房里留下熱飯”等善舉。那么該段結(jié)尾的話“善舉和暴力一樣可以在它們自己的基礎(chǔ)上建立起來”，其真正的含義是什么呢？再看看接下來這一段，特別是第一句“隨意的善舉是可以傳播或蔓延”，可知“善舉同暴力一樣是可以自我繁衍的”，故選C。

35.B推理判斷題。由最后一段的第一和第二句可以推知：受到恩惠的人很可能會施惠于他人，將恩惠傳播下去。C

Likemanynewgraduates,IleftuniversityfullofhopeforthefuturebutwithnorealideaofwhatIwantedtodo.Mydegree,withhonors,inEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical.IknewIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehow,butIhadnoideahowtodothat.That’swhenIlearnedabouttheLighthouseProject.

IstartedmyjourneyasaLighthouseProjectvolunteerbyreadingasmuchasIcouldabouttheexperiencesofpreviousvolunteers.Iknewitwouldbealotofhardwork,andthatIwouldbeawayfrommyfamilyandfriendsforaverylongtime.Inshort,IdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily.

Eventually,however,Iwonthesupportofmyfamily,andIsentinallthepaperworkneededfortheapplication.Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.Severalmonthslater,Ifinallyreceivedacallaskingmetoreportfortheduty.IwouldbegoingtoasmallvillagenearAbuja,Nigeria.Where?What?

Aftercompletingmytraining,Iwassenttothevillagethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproperaccommodation.Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirhomes,hearts,andfoodasifIweretheirownfamily.Iwasaskedtoleadasmallteamoflocalpeopleinbuildinganewschoolhouse.Forthenextyearorso,Itaughtinthatsameschoolhouse.ButIsometimesthinkIlearnedmorefrommystudentsthantheydidfromme.

Sometimeduringthatperiod,Irealizedthatallthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid,thoughIdidnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguage,andreturnedtotheUnitedStatesadifferentman.TheLighthouseProjecthadchangedmylifeforever.36.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?

A.Hisuniversityeducationfocusedonthetheoreticalknowledge.

B.Hisdreamatuniversitywastobecomeavolunteer.

C.Hetookprideinhavingcontributedtotheworld.

D.HefelthonoredtostudyEnglishliterature.37.AccordingtotheParagraph2,itismostlikelythattheauthor

________.

A.discussedhisdecisionwithhisfamily.

B.askedpreviousvolunteersaboutvoluntarywork

C.attendedspecialtrainingtoperformdifficulttasks

D.feltsadabouthavingtoleavehisfamilyandfriends38.Inhisapplicationforthevolunteerjob,theauthor

________.

A.participatedinmanydiscussions

B.wentthroughchallengingsurvivaltests

C.wrotequiteafewpapersonvoluntarywork

D.facedstrongcompetitionfromothercandidates39.Onarrivalatthevillage,theauthorwas_________.

A.askedtoleadafarmingteam

B.senttoteachinaschoolhouse

C.receivedwarmlybylocalvillagers

D.arrangedtoliveinaseparatehouse.40.Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor’sexperiencesinNigeria?

A.Hefoundsomedifficultyadaptingtothelocalculture

B.Hehadlearnedtocommunicateinthelocallanguage.

C.Hehadovercomeallhisweaknessesbeforeheleftforhome.

D.Hewaschosenasthemostrespectableteacherbyhisstudents.答案及解析：

本文作者敘述的是自己申請叫做燈塔計劃的志愿者工作的過程和被選作志愿者后去阿布加附近的一個小村莊工作的經(jīng)歷，這段經(jīng)歷讓作者學到了許多，改變了人生。

36.A細節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二句“Mydegree,withhonors,inEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical”可知，作者的大學教育注重的是理解知識，選A。

37.A推理判斷題。由第二段最后一句Inshort,IdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily(總之，我并不是輕易決定申請燈塔計劃的，我的家人也一樣不是輕易決定的)和第三段首句Eventually,however,Iwonthesupportofmyfamily(然而，最后我贏得了家人的贊同)可以推斷出，作者是同家人討論商量過的。

38.

D推理判斷題。由第二段的第二句“Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone”可推知，作者面臨了與其他候選人的激烈競爭。選項A“參加了許多討論”，文中無信息支持，是無中生有，應(yīng)排除；選項B“經(jīng)歷了富有挑戰(zhàn)性的生存測試”，特別是由survival可知，編題者利用了文中的只言片語(survive,test)，編造與文中不符的信息，迷惑考生，應(yīng)排除；選項C“寫了相當多的有關(guān)志愿者工作的論文”與文中“sentinallthepaperworkneededfortheapplication(呈送申請所需要的文書)”不符，應(yīng)排除。故選D。

39.C細節(jié)理解題。由第四段Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirhomes,hearts,andfoodasifIweretheirownfamily可知，一到達這個村莊時，他受到村民的熱情接待，故選C。文中信息具體，正確選項是對其概括。

40.A推理判斷題。由最后一段第一句allthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid(他當初覺得奇怪或不尋常的所有事現(xiàn)在都不再覺得奇怪了)可推斷，已適應(yīng)了，但當初不適應(yīng)時要適應(yīng)這些，是有困難的，故選A。D

Scientiststodayaremakinggreaterefforttostudyoceancurrents(洋流).Mostdoitusingsatellitesandotherhigh-techequipment.However,oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway---bystudyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage.Ascientistwithmanyyears’experience,hestartedthistypeofresearchintheearly1990swhenheheardabouthundredsofathleticshoeswashingupontheshoresofthenorthwestcoastoftheUnitedStates.Thereweresomanyshoesthatpeopleweresettingupswapmeetstotryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear.

Ebbesmeyerfoundoutinhisresearchesthattheshoes—about60,000intotal—fellintotheoceaninashippingaccident.Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected,thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn't.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment.Ifhelearnedwhenandwheretheshoeswentintothewaterandtrackedwheretheylanded,hecouldlearnalotaboutthepatternsofoceancurrents.

ThePacificNorthwestisoneoftheworld'sbestareasforbeachcombing(海灘搜尋)becausewindsandcurrentsjoinhere,andasaresult,thereisagroupofseriousbeachcombersinthearea.Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthemandaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslanded.Inayearhecollectedreliableinformationon1,600shoes.Withthisdata,heandacolleaguewereabletotestandimproveacomputerprogramdesignedtomodeloceancurrents,andpublishthefindingsoftheirstudy.

Astheresultofhiswork,Ebbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean.Hehasevenstartedanassociationofbeachcombersandoceanexperts,with500subscribersfromWestAfricatoNewZealand.Theyhaverecordedalllostobjectsrangingfrompotatoestogolfgloves.41.TheunderlinedphraseswapmeetsinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto_____.

A.fittingrooms

B.tradingfairs

C.businesstalks

D.groupmeetings42.Ebbesmeyerphonedtheshoecompanytofindout_______.

A.whatcausedtheshippingaccident

B.whenandwheretheshoeswentmissing

C.whetheritwasallrighttousetheirshoes

D.howmuchtheylostintheshippingaccident43.HowdidEbbesmeyerprovehisassumption?

A.Bycollectinginformationfrombeachcombers.

B.Bystudyingtheshoesfoundbybeachcomber.

C.Bysearchingthewebforoceancurrentsmodels.

D.Byresearchingoceancurrentsdatainthelibrary.44.Ebbesmeyerismostfamousfor________.

A.travelingwidelythecoastalcitiesoftheworld

B.makingrecordsforanylostobjectsonthesea

C.runningaglobalcurrentsresearchassociation

D.phoningaboutanydoubtfulobjectsonthesea45.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?

A.Tocallpeople'sattentiontooceanpollution.

B.Towarnpeopleofshippingsafetyintheocean.

C.Toexplainauniquewayofstudyingoceancurrents.

D.Togivetipsonhowtosearchforlostobjectsonthebeach.答案及解析：

本文是說明文，介紹了一種研究洋流的特別方式。

41.B詞義猜測題。由前面的somanyshoes和后面的totryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear，特別是sell，可知是建立交易市場，故選B。

42.C細節(jié)理解題。由第二段二、三、四句“Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected,thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn't.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment”可知，選C。

43.A細節(jié)理解題。由第三段第二句Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthem(seriousbeachcombers)andaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslanded及其后幾句可知，選A，“通過海灘清理者收集信息”。

44.D細節(jié)理解題。由第四段第一句Ebbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean可知，選D。

45.C寫作目的題，也屬主旨大意題。文章主題句在第一段，即However,oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway---bystudyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage，由此可知選C。

第二節(jié)信息匹配（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息，請在答題卡上將對應(yīng)題號的相應(yīng)選項字母涂黑。

首先請閱讀某大學提供給學生的項目信息：

A．In-CompanyExperience

Challengingpostsinindustryforgapyearstudents.Useyouracademicandinterpersonalskillstoimproveaproductorserviceprovidedbyatopnamecompany-andgetpaidforit!

B.CampWorld

Workincampsforyoungpeopleinoneormoreofthefivecontinents.Youhelporganizesportsactivitiesandotheroutdoorpursuitsandyoucouldendupwithaqualificationasaninstructor.C.

CommunityCare

Volunteerworkathomeandabroadwiththephysicallyand

mentallyhandicapped,thehomeless,theelderlyandorphans.You’llneedtobecommitted,patientandsensitivetoothers.

D.AcademicStudyYear

SpendawholeyearstudyingataforeignuniversityinEurope,theUSAorevenfurtherafield,withoutthepressureofexams.Accommodationwithlocalfamilies.Grantsavailable.

E.ConservationInternational

ConservationandresearchworkwithteamsofvolunteersonnaturereservesinSouthAmericaandAfrica.Projectsincludemonitoringwildlife,pathbuildingandwaterandsoilconservation.

F.LanguageTeachersAbroad

TeachyourownlanguageorEnglishinalmostanycountryintheworld.Classsizesvaryfromonetoonehundredandresourcescanbebasic,butyourstudentswillwelcomeyouwithopenarms.

46.Igrowupinaverybigfamily.MyparentshaveraisedtwelvekidsandIamtheirfirst-born.Ithasbeenmydutytohelpmymomtakecareofmybrothersandsisters.Tohandlethem,oftenIhavetoorganizeanoutdooractivity,likeasoftballgame.ImustsaythatIhavethepotentialtoworkasaninstructor.47.Lastyear,mydoggotcrippledafterlosingthefighttomyneighbor’sbulldog.Irinseditswoundwithsomelotionandtieditslegwithastick.Ihadhimtakemedicineeverydayforafullm