2022-2023學(xué)年四川省宜賓市敘州區(qū)第一重點(diǎn)中學(xué)校高一下學(xué)期聯(lián)考英語試題原卷版+解析版無聽力音頻無聽力原文

第第頁2022-2023學(xué)年四川省宜賓市敘州區(qū)第一重點(diǎn)中學(xué)校高一下學(xué)期聯(lián)考英語試題（原卷版+解析版，無聽力音頻無聽力原文）敘州區(qū)一中2022-2023學(xué)年高一下期開學(xué)考試

英語試題

本試卷共8頁，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。

注意事項：

1．答題前填寫好自己的姓名、班級、考號等信息2．請將答案正確填寫在答題卡上

第I卷(選擇題95分)

第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1．Howmuchwillthemanpayintotal

A．$20.B．$36.C．$40.

2．WhyhasTomchangedhisplan

A．TheweatherwillbebadB．Nogoodmoviewillbeon.

C．Hewillhavetodothecleaning

3．Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout

A．Whentowork.B．Wheretoeat.C．Whattoeat.

4．WhenwillthenextbusleaveforBeijing

A．At10:07.B．At10:30.C．At11:00.

5．WhatisSusanprobablydoing

A．Doingherhomework.B．Doingsomeshopping.C．Lookingforsomething.

第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題15分，滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段長對話，回答第6、7題。

6．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout

A．Thegirl’sstudies.B．Thegirl’sinterest.C．Thegirl’smajor.

7．Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation

A．Thegirlissuretostudyart.

B．Thegirlcouldn’tlistentotheman’sadviceatall.

C．Themanwantsthegirltofindajobaftershefinishesherstudying.

聽第7段長對話，回答第8至9題。

8．Whatdidthemandofirstlastnight

A．Helistenedtomusic.B．HewatchedTV.C．Hereadtextbooks.

9．WhatisWimbledonabout

A．Music.B．Tennis.C．Films.

聽第8段長對話，回答第10至12題。

10．Whathasmadeworkingathomepossible

A．Livingfarfromworkplaces.B．Communicationindustry.C．Morejobopportunities.

11．Whatistheadvantageofworkingathomeaccordingtothewoman

A．Savingmoretime.B．Havingalotoffreedom.C．Takingcareofthefamilyeasily.

12．Whatmighthappeninthefutureinthewoman’sopinion

A．Britishcompanywillmoveoverseas.

B．Allcompanieswillemployhomeworkers.

C．Peoplewillworkathomeforaforeigncompany.

聽第9段長對話，回答第13至16題。

13．Whatarethespeakersdoing

A．Makingatrainingplan.B．Doingsomeexercises.C．Attendingasportsmeeting.

14．Howlongwillthefirstperiodoftheexercisinglast

A．Twoweeks.B．Fourweeks.C．Sixweeks.

15．WhichsportdoesthemanplantopracticeonWednesday

A．Cycling.B．RunningC．Swimming.

16．Howdoesthemanlikethesecondperiodoftheexercising

A．Interesting.B．Easy.C．Stressful.

聽下面一段短文，回答第17至20題。

17．Whatdidthespeakerdooneday

A．Heinvitedafriendtohishouse.

B．Hepaidavisittohisfriend

C．Hehadlunchwithafriend.

18．Howdidthespeakerlookforhiscar

A．Heaskedapolicemanforhelp.

B．Hisfriendcalledapoliceman.

C．Hecheckedeverycarinthestreet.

19．Whendidthespeakerfindhiscar

A．Beforelunch.B．Afterlunch.C．Afterdinner.

20．Whatisthespeaker’sopinion

A．Walkingiseasierthandrivingincrowdedcities.

B．Drivinginthecityisapleasure.

C．Parkingcarsisalwaysdifficultinthecity.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Nearlyallofushaveabadhabit,whetherweknowitornot.Somepeoplesaytheywanttogetridofitbutdon’tknowtheproperways.Here’ssomeadviceonhowtogetridofbadhabits.

Makealist.Writedownwhyyouwanttostopacertainbehaviorhowit’shurtingyouandhowtogetridofit.Thiswillhelpalot.Lookatthatlistregularly.

Joininotheractivities.It’swiseofyoutodosomethingelsewhenyouwanttostopyourbadhabits.Ifyougetangryeasily,forexample,youcanpracticehavingadeepbreathorgoingforawalk.

Giveyourselfapresent.Beforeyoutakeactionagainstabadhabit,decidewhatyou’lldotocelebrateitifyoureachyourgoal.

Keepoffbadhabits.Ifyouarefatandwanttoloseweight,keepjunkfoodoutofyourhouse.Ifyouareaheavysmokerwithcoffee,turntoteaandkeepawayfromfriendswholikesmoking.

Bepatient.Badhabitsdevelopoveryears,soyouprobablywon’tbeabletogetridofthemquickly.Infact,peopleoftengiveupseveraltimesbeforebeingsuccessful,soyoushouldbepatient.

Findsupport.Don’tbeafraidtoaskforsupportfromfriends,familyorotherpeoplewhohavethesamebadhabitsasyou.Whenyoutalktoothers,theymightbeabletoprovideadviceorencouragementthatyouusuallywouldn’tgetfromyourself.

1.Ifyouwanttoloseweight,youshould______.

A.drinkmorecoffee.B.refusethejunkfood.

C.findsupportfromfriends.D.findaheavysmoker.

2.WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepassage

A.it’snoteasytogetridofbadhabitsinashorttime.

B.Youcanwritedownthereasonsforgettingridofbadhabits.

C.Whentalkingtoothers,youcangetwhatyoucan’tgetfromyourself.

D.Whenyouwanttostopyourbadhabits,don’tdoanything.

3.Fromthepassageyoucanlearn______.

A.howtogetridofbadhabits.B.whywehavesomebadhabits.

C.whattodotohaveabadhabit.D.wheretofindsomesupport

【答案】1.B2.D3.A

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章針對如何改掉壞習(xí)慣這一問題，給出了自己的一些建議。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Keepoffbadhabits部分中“Ifyouarefatandwanttoloseweight,keepjunkfoodoutofyourhouse.(如果你很胖，又想減肥，那就遠(yuǎn)離垃圾食品)”可知，如果你想減肥，你應(yīng)該拒絕垃圾食品。故選B。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bepatient部分中“Badhabitsdevelopoveryears,soyouprobablywon’tbeabletogetridofthemquickly.(壞習(xí)慣已經(jīng)形成許多年了，所以你可能無法很快改掉它們)”可知A選項“短時間內(nèi)改掉壞習(xí)慣是不容易的”正確；根據(jù)Makealist.部分中“Writedownwhyyouwanttostopacertainbehavior,howit’shurtingyouandhowtogetridofit.(寫下你為什么想要停止某種行為，它是如何傷害你的，以及如何擺脫它)”可知B選項“你可以寫下改掉壞習(xí)慣的理由”正確；根據(jù)Findsupport.部分中“Whenyoutalktoothers,theymightbeabletoprovideadviceorencouragementthatyouusuallywouldn’tgetfromyourself.(當(dāng)你和別人交談時，他們可能會給你提供建議或鼓勵，而這些你通常不會從自己那里得到)”可知C選項“和別人交談時，你可以得到你自己得不到的東西”正確；而D選項“當(dāng)你想改掉壞習(xí)慣時，什么都不要做”文章沒有提到。故選D。

【3題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Here’ssomeadviceonhowtogetridofbadhabits.(這里有一些關(guān)于如何擺脫壞習(xí)慣的建議)”可知，文章主要介紹了改掉壞習(xí)慣的一些建議，也就是說，從文章中你可以了解到如何擺脫壞習(xí)慣。故選A。

B

Atfirstsight,AlmaDeutscher,asixteen-year-oldgirlfromEnglandappearstobelikeanyothertypicalteenager.Shelovestoskiprope,readandplaywithheryoungersister.Butthismodestyoungster,whocomposedherfirstmusicalworkatagesix,firstshortoperaatageseven,andfirstfull-lengthoperabasedonCinderellaatageten,isanythingbutaverage.Thoughherparentsdownplayed(淡化)herextraordinarytalent,youngAlmaisbeingdescribedas“l(fā)ittleMozart”bythemusicworld.

Alma’soperabasedontheclassicfairytale,whichshebeganwritingatageeight,hasaslighttwist.HerCinderellaisamusicianwhomeetsherPrinceCharming,apoetthroughasong.“InmyCinderella,shesingsthebeginningofaballad—butatmidnightsheflees.Eventually,theprincefindsherafteraskingallthegirlsofthecountrytosingtheendoftheballad.”

TheoperawasfirstperformedinVienna,AustriaonDecember29,2023,wherethetheneleven-year-oldskillfullyswitchedbetweenthepianoandtheviolinandreceivedenthusiasticreviews.Theyounggeniushassinceperformedtwonewpianoworks,oneinAustraliaandtheotherinChina.

Whilethismayappeartobealotforsomeonesoyoung,Almaisnotworried.Shesays,“OfcourseIhavetoworkhard.Butallchildrenhavetoworkhardforexams,andatleastwhenIworkhard,Iworkhardforsomethingincrediblyexciting,likeseeingmywholeoperaputon.”

Alma’smusicaltalentfirstcametolightbeforeshecouldeventalk.Herparentsrecallthatasan18-month-oldtoddler,shewasabletohumaperfectversionofthechildren’srhymeTwinkleTwinkleLittleStar.

However,Alma’sabilitiesonlygainedinternationalattentionin2023,afterafamilyfriendpostedavideoonlinecomparinghertoMozart.ThefamilywassuddenlyswampedwithmediaandAlmabecameanovernightstar,dubbed“l(fā)ittleMozart”.Thisnicknamemakesherparentsunhappybecausetheybelieveitputsaddedpressureontheyounggirl.Theywouldinsteadpreferhertobecalled“acomposerandmusician”.

Almadoesnotwanttobecomparedtothefamousartisteither,saying“TherewasonlyoneMozart,andIprefertobelittleAlma.”Regardlessofwhatshecallsherself,thesixteen-year-oldischangingtheworldofmusicforever!

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementaboutAlmaisWRONG

A.Shecanplaythepianoandtheviolinskillfully.

B.Shecanwriteoperasandcomposemusicaswell.

C.HertalentgoesfarbeyondthatofMozart.

D.Shedisplayedhertalentformusicatanearlyage.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“twist”(Para2)mostprobablymean

A.Disadvantage.B.Change.C.Improvement.D.Error.

6.WhatdoweknowaboutAlma’sCinderella

A.CinderellameetsherMr.Rightthroughasong.

B.Itisashortoperabasedontheclassicfairytale.

C.Theprincefindsherwiththehelpofacrystalshoe.

D.ItenjoysagreatsuccessandhasbeenperformedinChina.

7.WhatwasAlma’sparents’attitudetoherfame

A.Overexcited.B.Concerned.C.Happy.D.Shocked.

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B

【解析】

【分析】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了16歲的英國女孩AlmaDeutscher因改編著名的童話故事《灰姑娘》成歌劇后成名的事跡。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“However,Alma’sabilitiesonlygainedinternationalattentionin2023,afterafamilyfriendpostedavideoonlinecomparinghertoMozart.”（然而，阿爾瑪?shù)哪芰χ钡?023年才獲得國際關(guān)注，當(dāng)時一位家庭朋友在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布了一段視頻，將她比作莫扎特。）及最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Almadoesnotwanttobecomparedtothefamousartisteither,saying“TherewasonlyoneMozart,andIprefertobelittleAlma.””（阿爾瑪也不想被比作著名的藝術(shù)家，她說：“世界上只有一個莫扎特，我寧愿做小阿爾瑪。”）可知，Alma的才華被用來與莫扎特作比較，而非遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過莫扎特。故選C項。

【5題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段關(guān)鍵短語“Alma’soperabasedontheclassicfairytale”（阿爾瑪根據(jù)經(jīng)典童話改編的歌劇）及關(guān)鍵句“HerCinderellaisamusicianwhomeetsherPrinceCharming,apoetthroughasong.”（她的灰姑娘是一位音樂家，她通過一首歌遇到了她的白馬王子，一位詩人。）可知，Alma根據(jù)經(jīng)典童話故事《灰姑娘》稍作改動改編了歌劇。twist與change近義，表示“變化、改動”。故選B項。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段關(guān)鍵句“InmyCinderella,shesingsthebeginningofaballad—butatmidnightsheflees.Eventually,theprincefindsherafteraskingallthegirlsofthecountrytosingtheendoftheballad.”（在我的《灰姑娘》中，她唱了一段歌謠的開頭，但在午夜逃走了。最終，王子在要求全國所有的女孩唱完這首歌后找到了她。）可知，在Alma的《灰姑娘》中，灰姑娘通過一首歌邂逅了她的白馬王子。故選A項。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段關(guān)鍵句“Thisnicknamemakesherparentsunhappybecausetheybelieveitputsaddedpressureontheyounggirl.Theywouldinsteadpreferhertobecalled“acomposerandmusician”.”（這個綽號讓她的父母很不高興，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這給這個小女孩增加了壓力。他們更希望她被稱為“作曲家和音樂家”。）可知，Alma的父母對于她的出名是擔(dān)憂的。故選B項。

C

Haveyouevernoticedthatsomepeoplecaneatwhattheywantandstayinshape,whileotherscarefullywatchwhattheyeatandstillputonweightHowannoying!However,scientistsarebeginningtobelievethatsomepeoplegettheabilitytostaythinfromtheirparents.

Scientistssaythatwhensomepeopleeat,theirbodieswillnaturallystoretheexcessenergyfromfoodasfat.Thesepeoplegainweightiftheyeatmorethantheyneedeachday.Meanwhile,otherpeopleeatmorethantheyneedbuttheirbodiesareableto“burnoff”theextrafoodwithoutmakingfat,sotheyrarelyhaveweightproblems.

Toshowthatthisistrue,scientistshaveexperimentedonlaboratorymice.Theygavethemiceaspecialdietwithalotoffat.Somemicegainedweightwhiletheothermicestayedthin,eventhoughbothgroupsofmiceatethesameamountoffoodandgotthesameamountofexercise.Scientistsconcludedthatweightgainseemedtobeinfluencedbygenetic(基因的)factors.Theyalsobelievetheyhavenowidentifiedthegenesthatmaycausethistendency.Thesegenes,accordingtothescientists,getpasseddownthegenerations.Armedwiththisknowledge,theybelieveitmaybepossibletodevelopmedicinesthatcantargetthegenesandstoppeoplefromgainingweight.

Thestudyofweightgainisbecomingmoreimportantasthenumbersofpeoplewhoareoverweightcontinuestogrow.IntheUnitedStates,overseventypercentofthepopulationhaveweightproblems.Thismeanstheyareatriskofillnesssuchashighbloodpressureandheartdisease.

Currentmedicinesforweightcontroldonotworkverywellbecausetheycanhaveserioussideeffects,suchasheartproblems.However,ittakesalongtimetodevelopandthoroughlytestnewdrugs.Therefore,despitethisbreakthroughinthestudyofweight-lossdrugs,scientistsandhealthprofessionalsallagreethatcurrentlythebestwaytocontrolweightgainistohaveahealthy,balanceddietandanactivelifestylewithdailyexercise.Thiswillnotonlyhelppeopleavoidbecomingoverweight,butalsohelpthemstayhealthyandenergetic.

8.Accordingtothescientists,somepeople________.

A.areabletostaythinbecauseofgeneticfactors

B.caneatwhattheywantandstayhealthyforever

C.usuallykeepdoingexercisetolosetheirweight

D.don’teatanythingeverydaybutstillputonweight

9.Somepeopledon’tneedtoworryaboutweightproblemsbecause________.

A.theyeatmanyvegetables

B.theyeatlessthanothers

C.theydon’tstoreanyenergyfromfoodasfat

D.theycanburnofftheextrafoodwithoutmakingfat

10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage

A.Fewerpeoplewillhaveweightproblemsinthefuture.

B.Peoplewithweightproblemsmaysufferfromhearttrouble.

C.Wenowhavegoodmedicineforpeoplewithweightproblems.

D.Theresultoftheexperimentsonmiceandhumansaredifferent.

11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply

A.Currentmedicinesolveweightproblemswell.

B.Weshouldexerciseregularlyandeatproperly.

C.Takingexerciseeverydaymaycauseheartproblems.

D.Testingnewdrugsishardbecauseofthesideeffects.

【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.B

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)體重是否增加受基因因素的影響，但體重過重的人可能患有高血壓和心臟病等疾病的風(fēng)險，因此我們應(yīng)該經(jīng)常鍛煉，合理飲食。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,scientistsarebeginningtobelievethatsomepeoplegettheabilitytostaythinfromtheirparents.(然而，科學(xué)家們開始認(rèn)為有些人的保持苗條的能力來自他們的父母)”和第三段中“Scientistsconcludedthatweightgainseemedtobeinfluencedbygenetic(基因的)factors.(科學(xué)家得出結(jié)論，體重增加似乎受基因因素的影響)”可知，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為有些人能夠保持苗條是因?yàn)榛虻囊蛩?。故選A項。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Meanwhile,otherpeopleeatmorethantheyneedbuttheirbodiesareableto“burnoff”theextrafoodwithoutmakingfat,sotheyrarelyhaveweightproblems.(與此同時，有些人吃的比他們需要的多，但他們的身體能夠“燃燒”多余的食物而不產(chǎn)生脂肪，所以他們很少有體重問題)”可知，有些人不需要擔(dān)心體重問題，因?yàn)樗麄兛梢浴叭紵钡舳嘤嗟氖澄锒划a(chǎn)生脂肪。故選D項。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“IntheUnitedStates,overseventypercentofthepopulationhaveweightproblems.Thismeanstheyareatriskofillnesssuchashighbloodpressureandheartdisease.(在米國，超過70%的人口有體重問題。這意味著他們有患高血壓和心臟病等疾病的風(fēng)險)”可推知，有體重問題的人可能患有心臟病。故選B項。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Therefore,despitethisbreakthroughinthestudyofweight-lossdrugs,scientistsandhealthprofessionalsallagreethatcurrentlythebestwaytocontrolweightgainistohaveahealthy,balanceddietandanactivelifestylewithdailyexercise.(因此，盡管減肥藥的研究取得了突破，但科學(xué)家和健康專家都一致認(rèn)為，目前控制體重增加的最佳方式是擁有健康、均衡的飲食和積極的生活方式，并每天進(jìn)行鍛煉)”可推知，我們應(yīng)該經(jīng)常鍛煉，合理飲食。故選B項。

D

Now,itiswinterandasyouhaveprobablynoticed,virusareeverywhere—runnynoses,sorethroats,nothingquitelikethecommoncoldtomakeyoufeelsouncomfortable.Butexpertsbelievethatthereisnolinkbetweencoldweatherandcatchingcolds.Sowhyareweparticularlyeasytocatchcoldsthisseason

InternalMedicineexpert,DrMeenakshiJainofMaxHospitalsays,“Onereasoncouldbethatpeoplearelikelytostayindoors,sotheviruscanspreadeasily.Alsothevirusgrowsstrongandhealthyunderwetconditions.”

Thecommoncoldcanbecausedbyanyofupto250kindsofvirus.Themostcommongroupofthemisthekindofvirusthathitsthenose,whichiscalledrhinovirus.Rhinovirusescauseathirdandahalfofallcommoncolds.

“Thiskindofvirusisspreadthroughthenoseandrespiratorypassages(呼吸道)，bytouch,andbycontactwithparticles(微粒)intheairthatarecreatedbysneezingorcoughing,”saysDrJain.

Thereisnowaytotreatthecommoncold.However,therearesometipsthatcanhelp.Washyourhandsregularly,sothatgermsgetkilled.Don’ttouchyoureyes,noseormouth,whichcanlimityourchancesofinfection(傳染).Don’tsharedrinkingglasseswithanyoneasthiswillpreventthespreadofthevirus.Drinklotsofwater.Makesuretoeatenoughfruitstoboostyourimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng)).Getenoughsleepandyou’llcertainlybecomestronger.

12.Whatdoesthewriterthinkwillmakeyousuffermost

A.Thecommoncold.B.Thewinter.

C.Sorethroats.D.Runnynoses.

13.Athirdandahalfofallcommoncoldsarecausedby_____.

A.thecoldweatherinthewinterB.theconditionofthehumanbody

C.thevirusthathitspeople’snoseD.thewarmtemperatureintheroom

14.Theunderlinedword“boost”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans_____.

A.damageB.treatC.changeD.improve

15.Inthelastparagraph,thewritermainlywantstotellus_____.

A.somewaysforthevirustospread

B.thecommoncoldcannotbetreated

C.exerciseisimportanttopeople’shealth

D.sometipsonhowtokeepthecoldaway

【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.D

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了冬季易患感冒的原因，病毒傳播的方式和預(yù)防感冒的小竅門。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段關(guān)鍵句“Now,itiswinterandasyouhaveprobablynoticed,virusareeverywhere—runnynoses,sorethroats,nothingquitelikethecommoncoldtomakeyoufeelsouncomfortable.”（現(xiàn)在是冬天，你可能已經(jīng)注意到了，病毒到處都是，流鼻涕，喉嚨痛，沒有什么比普通感冒更讓你感到不舒服的了。）可知，認(rèn)為沒有什么比普通感冒更讓你感到不舒服的了，也就是說，普通感冒會讓你最不舒服。由此可知，認(rèn)為普通感冒會讓你最痛苦。故選A項。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Themostcommongroupofthemisthekindofvirusthathitsthenose,whichiscalledrhinovirus.Rhinovirusescauseathirdandahalfofallcommoncolds.”（其中最常見的一類病毒是襲擊鼻子的病毒，稱為鼻病毒。鼻病毒引起三分之一到一半的普通感冒。）可知，鼻病毒引起三分之一到一半的普通感冒，鼻病毒指的是襲擊鼻子的病毒。由此可知，三分之一到一半的普通感冒是由病毒襲擊人的鼻子引起的。故選C項。

【14題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞所在句中“Makesuretoeatenoughfruits”（一定要吃足夠的水果）可知，吃足夠的水果應(yīng)該是能夠增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)的，“improve”意為“改進(jìn)，改善”，符合句意。故選D項。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容及關(guān)鍵句“Thereisnowaytotreatthecommoncold.However,therearesometipsthatcanhelp.”（沒有辦法治療感冒。不過，有一些技巧可以幫助你。）可知，最后一段主要介紹了一些預(yù)防感冒的方法，由此可知，在最后一段中，主要想告訴我們一些如何預(yù)防感冒的小竅門。故選D項。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

Waystoprotecteyesfromscreens

Toomuchscreentimemaycauseseriouseyestrain(眼疲勞）andevenasharpdeclineofeyesight.That'sabigproblemalotofpeoplearefacedwithnowadays,especiallythosewhoworkonacomputer.Thefollowingtipsmaybehelpful.

Getregulareyetests

Expertsrecommendhavingacomprehensiveeyeexameveryyeartodetect(探測）problemsbeforetheydevelop.Duringthistest,youshouldtellthedoctorhowoftenyouuseyourphoneandyourcomputer.____16____Tellyourdoctoraboutit,andyoureyescanbetestedmoreaccuratelyatthatdistance.

Giveyoureyesspace

Thecloseryourphone/computerscreenistoyoureyes,thehardertheyhavetoworktofocus.____17____Ifthismakesithardforyoutoread,considerincreasingthesizeofthetextratherthanmovingthescreencloser.

Takebreaks

Thismaynotalwaysbepracticalifyou'requitebusy，butit'simportantnottostaredirectlyatascreenfortoolong.____18____Whilesurveyshaveshownthatmanyofficeworkerstakenomorethanhalfanhouradayawayfromtheircomputer,it'srecommendedthatyoutakea15-minutebreakaftereverytwohoursspentatyourscreen.

____19____

Staringatascreencontinuouslyforhoursonendmaymakeitdifficultforyoutofocus.Toavoidthis,manyeyeexpertsrecommendthe“20-20-20rule”lookingawayfromyourphone/computerscreenevery20minutesandfocusingonanobjectatleast20feetawayforatleast20seconds.Thesciencebehindhistrickisthatlookingatobjectsatadistancerelaxesthefocusingmuscleintheeye.____20____

A.Exerciseyoureyes.

B.Giveyoureyesachancetorest.

C.Makeyourscreenmoreeye-friendly.

D.Studiesshowit’saneffectivewaytoreducetiredness.

E.Youshouldalsomeasurethedistancefromyoureyestoyourscreenatwork.

F.Makesurethatyouuseyourphoneorcomputerinaroomwherethelightingisbrightenough.

G.Studiesoneyestrainsuggestthatcomputerscreensshouldbenocloserthan40cmfromyourface.

【答案】16.E17.G18.B19.A20.D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了當(dāng)今許多人面臨的一個大問題——經(jīng)常面對電子屏幕導(dǎo)致眼睛疲勞，文章提出了幾種保護(hù)眼睛免受屏幕傷害的方法。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)后句“Tellyourdoctoraboutit,andyoureyescanbetestedmoreaccuratelyatthatdistance.(把這件事告訴你的醫(yī)生，這樣你的眼睛就能在這個距離上得到更準(zhǔn)確的檢測)”可知，建議將距離告訴醫(yī)生，以尋求更準(zhǔn)確的檢測，可推知，這里是建議大家測距離。選擇項E“Youshouldalsomeasurethedistancefromyoureyestoyourscreenatwork.(你還應(yīng)該在工作時測量眼睛到屏幕的距離。)”符合上下文語境，且選擇項E中的“distance”與下文一致。故選E。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)前句“Thecloseryourphone/computerscreenistoyoureyes,thehardertheyhavetoworktofocus.(手機(jī)/電腦屏幕離眼睛越近，眼睛就越難集中注意力。)”可知，這里說明屏幕與臉部之間應(yīng)該保持的距離。選擇項G“Studiesoneyestrainsuggestthatcomputerscreensshouldbenocloserthan40cmfromyourface.(關(guān)于眼疲勞的研究表明，電腦屏幕距離你的臉不應(yīng)超過40厘米。)”符合上下文語境。故選G。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)前句“it'simportantnottostaredirectlyatascreenfortoolong(不要長時間盯著屏幕很重要)”建議人們不要長時間盯著屏幕，設(shè)空處承上啟下。且下文“it'srecommendedthatyoutakea15-minutebreakaftereverytwohoursspentatyourscreen(建議你每看兩個小時屏幕后休息15分鐘)”建議人們適當(dāng)休息。選擇項B“Giveyoureyesachancetorest.(給你的眼睛一個休息的機(jī)會。)”符合上下文語境。故選B。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Toavoidthis,manyeyeexpertsrecommendthe“20-20-20rule”—lookingawayfromyourphone/computerscreenevery20minutesandfocusingonanobjectatleast20feetawayforatleast20seconds.(為了避免這種情況，許多眼科專家推薦“20-20-20規(guī)則”，也就是每20分鐘讓眼睛離開手機(jī)或電腦屏幕，盯著20英尺（約合0.9米）以外的物體看至少20秒)”可推知，本段主要建議大家鍛煉眼睛來緩解疲勞。選擇項A“Exerciseyoureyes.(鍛煉你的眼睛。)”符合上下文語境。故選A項。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)前句“Thesciencebehindhistrickisthatlookingatobjectsatadistancerelaxesthefocusingmuscleintheeye.(這個把戲背后科學(xué)原理是，看遠(yuǎn)處的物體會放松眼睛的聚焦肌肉。)”解釋了為什么“20-20-20規(guī)則”可以放松眼睛，緩解疲勞。選擇項D“Studiesshowit’saneffectivewaytoreducetiredness.(研究表明這是減少疲勞的有效方法。)”符合上下文語境。故選D。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

EmployeesatarestaurantinOhioreceivedaChristmasgiftwhenacustomerlefta5,600-dollartipforalltheemployeestodivide.The___21___wasdiningwhenheleftthe___22___tipforall28employees.After___23___it,eachemployeetook$200home.

“Myeyesare___24___nowtalkingaboutit,”saidSalloukh,theowneroftherestaurant.“Myemployeesbecomemyfamilyandeveryone___25___eachother.Manyemployeesweren’tableto___26___aChristmastreebecauseofthepandemic(傳染病).Thelargetipmadethat___27___,whichgaveusalotof___28___Itisjustabeautifulthingtodofor28___29___yondon’tevenknow.”

Salloukhbeganto____30____hisrestaurantwhenhewas25yearsold,andlikemanyotherbusinessowners,was____31____tokeepitaliveduetoCOVID-19.It’sreportedthat100,000restaurantshad____32____sofarinSeptember2023.About60%ofthesebusinessesthatcametoanendduringthepandemicwillneverreopen,andrestaurantshave____33____most.“Thensuddenlythisgentlemancameinand____34____usa5,600-dollartipforallouremployees.Weare____35____forwhathedid,”addedSalloukh.

21.A.ownerB.guestC.visitorD.tourist

22.A.massiveB.extraC.usualD.small

23.A.donatingB.countingC.givingD.dividing

24.A.hurtingB.wateringC.injuringD.rolling

25.A.smilesatB.hugsC.caresaboutD.contacts

26.A.affordB.plantC.decorateD.remove

27.A.necessaryB.possibleC.meaningfulD.practical

28.A.confidenceB.influenceC.chanceD.hope

29.A.foreignersB.customersC.strangersD.experts

30.A.runB.fixC.designD.establish

31.A.unwillingB.hopingC.refusingD.struggling

32.A.advancedB.survivedC.closedD.existed

33.A.changedB.increasedC.benefitedD.suffered

34.A.requestedB.offeredC.cheatedD.supplied

35.A.thankfulB.happyC.eagerD.thirsty

【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.A31.D32.C33.D34.B35.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了俄亥俄州一家餐廳的員工收到了一份圣誕禮物，一名顧客留下了5600美元的小費(fèi)，讓所有員工平分，這些小費(fèi)足以讓這些員工在受疫情嚴(yán)重影響的情況下過個美好的圣誕節(jié)，飯店老板和員工對此表示感謝。

【21題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位客人在用餐時給28名員工留下了巨額小費(fèi)。A.owner擁有者；B.guest客人；C.visitor拜訪者；D.tourist游客。根據(jù)“whenacustomerlefta5600-dollartipforalltheemployeestodivide.”可知，一位顧客留下了巨額小費(fèi)。此處是信息詞guest的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B。

【22題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.massive大量的；B.extra額外的；C.usual通常的；D.small小的。根據(jù)“Thelargetip”可知，這筆小費(fèi)的數(shù)額是巨大的。故選A。

【23題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：分配后，每個員工把200美元拿回家。A.donating捐贈；B.counting重要，數(shù)數(shù)；C.giving給；D.dividing劃分。根據(jù)第一段“foralltheemployeestodivide”可知，這筆小費(fèi)是要在員工之間分配。故選D。

【24題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：說到這里，我的眼睛就會流淚。A.hurting受傷；B.watering充滿眼淚；C.injured受傷；D.rolling滾動。根據(jù)“Myeyes”可知，Salloukh因?yàn)檫@筆小費(fèi)而感動，所以眼睛充滿淚水。故選B。

【25題詳解】

考查動詞短語和動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的員工就像我的家人，每個人都互相關(guān)心。A.smilesat對……微笑；B.hugs擁抱；C.caresabout關(guān)心，在意；D.contacts接觸。根據(jù)“Myemployeesbecomemyfamily”可知，所有的員工就像家人一樣，因此他們相互關(guān)心彼此。故選C。

【26題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于疫情，許多員工買不起圣誕樹。A.afford付得起；B.plant種植；C.decorate裝飾；D.remove移除。根據(jù)空后的“becauseofthepandemic(傳染病)”可知，由于“新冠病毒”這種流行病，飯店生意不景氣，很多員工都買不起圣誕樹和禮物。故選A。

【27題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這一大筆小費(fèi)讓這成為可能，這給了我們很大的希望。A.necessary有必要的；B.possible可能的；C.meaningful有意義的；D.practical實(shí)際的。根據(jù)上文“Manyemployeesweren’tableto___6___aChristmastreebecauseofthepandemic(傳染病).”可知，這一大筆的小費(fèi)讓過一個美好的圣誕節(jié)成為可能。故選B。

【28題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.confidence自信；B.influence影響；C.chance機(jī)會；D.hope希望。根據(jù)語境可知，有了這筆小費(fèi)，那些員工就能買禮物和圣誕樹，這對他們來說就充滿了希望。故選D。

【29題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對28個你甚至不認(rèn)識的陌生人來說，這簡直是一件美妙的事。A.foreigners外國人；B.customers顧客；C.strangers陌生人；D.experts專家。根據(jù)“youdon'tevenknow”可知，這28個都是陌生人。故選C。

【30題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：薩魯赫25歲時開始經(jīng)營他的餐館，和許多其他企業(yè)主一樣，由于COVID-19，他努力維持它的生存。A.run跑，經(jīng)營；B.fix修理，安裝；C.design設(shè)計；D.establish建立。根據(jù)“andlikemanyotherbusinessowners,was___11___tokeepitaliveduetoCOVID-19”可知，薩魯赫25歲時開始經(jīng)營他的餐館。故選A。

【31題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.unwilling不愿意的；B.hoping希望；C.refusing拒絕；D.struggling努力，奮斗。根據(jù)“keepitaliveduetoCOVID-19”可知，他努力維持它的生存。故選D。

【32題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：據(jù)報道，到目前為止，2023年9月已有10萬家餐館關(guān)門。A.advanced提前，進(jìn)步；B.survived幸存；C.closed關(guān)閉；D.existed存在。根據(jù)下文中的“About60%ofthesebusinessesthatcametoanend”可知，受疫情影響，很多飯店關(guān)門了。故選C。

【33題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在疫情期間倒閉的企業(yè)中，約60%將永遠(yuǎn)不會重新開業(yè)，其中餐飲業(yè)損失最大。A.changed改變；B.increased增加；C.benefited對……有益；D.suffered遭受。根據(jù)“About60%ofthesebusinessesthatcametoanendduringthepandemicwillneverreopen”可知，飯店受到的損失最大。故選D。

【34題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，這位先生走進(jìn)來，提供給我們所有員工5600美元的小費(fèi)。A.requested請求；B.offered提供；C.cheated欺騙；D.supplied供應(yīng)。根據(jù)“whenacustomerlefta5600-dollartip”可知，那位顧客“給我們小費(fèi)”，所以用offer。故選B。

【35題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們感謝他所做的一切?！盨alloukh補(bǔ)充說。A.thankful感謝的；B.happy開心的；C.eager渴望的；D.thirsty口渴的。根據(jù)“Thensuddenlythisgentlemancameinandusa5,600-dollartipforallouremployees.”可知，此處表達(dá)了對那位顧客的感謝。故選A。

第II卷(非選擇題55分)

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Asix-minuteperformancefeaturingChineseKungFuandChinesefolkdances____36____(amaze)thousandsofpeopleatNewYorkCity’sTimesSquareFridaynightbykickingoffoneofthe____37____(famous)NewYear’sEvecountdownsaroundtheglobe.

Co-organizedbytheSino-AmericanFriendshipAssociationandtheTimesSquareAlliance,theperformancebroughttraditionalChinese