英語國家概況課后題

經(jīng)典word整理文檔，僅參考，轉(zhuǎn)Word此處可刪除頁眉頁腳。本資料屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系刪除，謝謝！英語國家概況P171.Britainisnowamultiracialsocietywhichproducesapopulationofwhich1in20areofnon-Europeanethnicity.2.Britainisacountrywithahistoryofinvasions.In43ADBritainwasinvadedbytheRomanEmpireinthe11centurytheysufferedthinvasionsfromNormans.3.Charlesthefirst,kingofBritain,wasexecuted,becauseheattemptedtooverthrowparliamentintheEnglishRevolution.4.NametwoScottishcitieswhichhaveancientandinternationallyrespecteduniversities:Edinburghand.5.BoththeScottishandWelshpeopleelecttheirmembersofparliamentstotheLondonParliamentandeachholds72and38seatsrespectively.P476.Thedoctrineoftherightofkings”heldthatthesovereignderivedhisauthorityfromGodnotfromhissubjects.7.Duringthecivilwarinthe17century,thosewhorepresentedthethinterestsofParliamentaarecalledroundheads,andthosewhosupportedtheKingwerecalledloyalists.8.In1215,somefeudalbaronsandtheChurchforcedKingJohntosigntheMagnaCartatoplacesomelimitsonthepower.9.Inmedicaltimes,kingswouldsummonagroupofwealthybaronsandrepresentativesofcountries,townsandcities—calledtheGreatCounciltoraisemoney.10.In1689,ParliamentpassedtheBillofRightstoensurethatthekingwouldneverbeabletoignoreParliament.11.InBritain,theofficialheadofstateistheQueenwhiletherealcentreofpoliticallifeisintheHouseof.12.Strictlyspeaking,theParliamenttodayconsistoftheQueen,theHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCommons.13.LifepeersshouldbenominatedbyPrimeministerandappointedbythe.P6714.TheUKisdividedinto650constituencieswitheachofthemrepresentedbyamemberintheparliament.15.ThepartywhichwinsthemajorityseatsinparliamentformsthegovernmentanditspartyleaderbecomesthePrimeMinister.16.Normally,agovernmentcanbeinpowerfor5years,andthenithasresignandholdageneralelection.17.NationalHealthServicewasestablishedbytheLabourgovernmentin1948,providinghealthcareforallthepeople.18.OnedistinctivefeatureabouttheclasssysteminBritishisthatitstillretainsahereditary.P117famouspublicschoolsmentionedinthetextareEtonand.20.ChildreninBritainmustreceiveafull-timeeducationlegallyfromtheageoffiveto.21.Pupilsfromtheageof5to11mainlyattendstate-runprimaryschools.22.Studentsattendsecondaryschoolsfromtheageof11uptoaroundtheageof19.23.Comprehensiveschoolsprovideageneraleducation,teachingstudentseverythingfromacademicsubjectslikeliteratureandsciencetomorepracticalsubjectslikecookingandcarpentry.24.NametwoofthefourScottishUniversitiesdatingfromthe14andth15centuriesSt.AndrewsandGlasgow.th25.InBritain,peoplecangototheOpenUniversitywithouthavinganyformaleducationalqualifications.26.GCSEstandsforGeneralCertificateofsecondaryEducation27.GCEAstandsforGeneralCertificateofEducation-Advanced28.GNVQsstandsforGeneralNationalVocationalQualifications名詞解釋1.TheAnglo-SaxonsTheyweretwogroupsofGermanicpeopleswhosettleddowninEnglandfromthe5century.TheywereregardedastheancestorsofththEnglishandthefoundersofEngland.2.TheBillofRightsof1689In1688,KingJamesIIdaughterMaryandherhusbandWilliamwereinvitedbythepoliticiansandchurchauthoritiestotakethethrone,onconditionthattheywouldrespecttherightsofparliament.TheBillofRightswaspassedin1689toensurethattheKingwouldneverbeabletoignoreParliament.3.TheConstitutionBritainhasnowrittenConstitution.ThefoundationsoftheBritishstatearelaidoutinstatutelaw,whicharelawsestablishedthroughcommonpracticeinthecourts;andconventions.4.ThefunctionsofParliamentThefunctionofParliamentare:topasslaws,tovotefortaxation,toscrutinizegovernmentpolicy,administrationandexpenditureandtodebatethemajoroftheday.5.TheHouseofLordsTheHouseofLordsconsistsoftheLordsSpiritual,whoaretheArchbishopsandmostprominentbishopsoftheChurchoftheEngland;andtheLordsTemporl,whichreferstothoselordswhoeitherhaveinheritedtheseatfromtheirforefathersortheyhavebeenappointed.TheLordsmainlyrepresentedthemselvesinsteadoftheinterestsofthepublic.6.TheHouseofCommonsTheHouseofCommonsistherealcenterofBritishpoliticallifebecauseitistheplacewhereabout650electedrepresentatives(MembersofParliament)makeanddebatepolicy.TheseMPsareelectedintheGeneralElectionsandshouldrepresenttheinterestsofthepeoplewhovoteforthem.7.ComprehensiveschoolsComprehensiveschoolsarethemostpopularsecondaryschoolsinBritaintoday.Suchschoolsadmitchildrenwithoutreferencetotheiracademicabilitiesandprovideageneraleducation.Pupilscanstudyeverythingfromacademicsubjectslikeliteraturetomorepracticalsubjectslikecooking.8.GrammarschoolsItisatypeofsecondaryschoolsinBritain.Grammarschoolsselectchildrenattheage11,throughanexaminationcalled“theThosechildrenwiththehighestmarksgotogrammarschools.Theseschoolslayemphasisonadvancedacademicsubjectsratherthanthemoregeneralcurriculumofthecomprehensiveschoolsandexpectmanyoftheirpupilstogoontouniversities.9.IndependentschoolsIndependentschoolsarecommonlycalledpublicschoolswhichareactuallyprivateschoolsthatreceivethirfundingthroughtheprivatesectorandtuitionrates,withsomegovernmentassistance.Independentschoolsarenotpartofnationaleducationsystm,butthequalityofinstitutionandstandardsaremainta