人教版八年級英語下冊各知識點歸納總結(jié)

人教版八年級英語下冊各知識點歸納總結(jié)Unti1what’sthematter?◆短語歸納toomuch太多2.liedown躺下getanX-ray做個X光檢查4.takeone’stemperature量體溫putsomemedicineon......在....上敷藥6.haveafever發(fā)燒7.takebreaks/takeabreak休息8.withoutthinkingtwice沒多想getoff下車10.takesbtothehospital送某人去醫(yī)院waitfor等待12.toone’ssurprise使.......驚訝的13.thanksto多虧于；由于14.intime及時thinkabout考慮16.haveaheartproblem患有心臟病getintothetrouble遇到麻煩18.dotherightthing做正確的事情事情19.falldown摔倒20.put......onsth把...放在某物上gethit/sunburned摔傷/燒傷22.beinterestedin對.....感興趣beusedto習(xí)慣于....24.takerisks/takearisk挑戰(zhàn)25.loseone’slife失去生命26.becauseof因為27.runoutof用完28.cutoff切除29.getoutof從...出來30.makeadecision/decisions做決定beincontrolof掌管；管理giveup放棄◆用法歸納needtodosth.需要去做某事2.seesbdoingsth看見某人正在做某事asksbsth詢問某人某事4.expectsbtodosth期望某人做某事agreetodosth同意做某事6.helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某事wanttodosth想要做某事8.tellsbtodosth告訴某人做某事haveproblems(in)doingsth做某事有困難10.usesthtodosth用某物去做某事be/getusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于做某事12.seemtodosth好像做某事keepondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事14.minddoingsth介意做某事◆語法點詢問某人的健康問題及遇到麻煩的表達方法情態(tài)動詞should的用法3.不定代詞的用法◆精細解讀1.What’sthematter(withyou)?怎么了？出什么事了？What’sthetrouble/theproblem/wrongwithsb./sth.?2.Ihadacold.我感冒了。haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒haveafever發(fā)燒haveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache頭疼3.身體部位+ache（疼痛）構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛4.muchtoo+形容詞或副詞，意為太。。。，toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞，意為太多。。。。5.enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在名詞后，形副后。goodenough足夠好，enoughmoney足夠的錢6.liedown躺下，lie躺，躺著，過去式lay；lie說謊，過去式lied7.maybe“或許”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybeyouareright.maybe，是情態(tài)動詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“可能，也許”，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。Hemaybeangry.8.soundlike+名詞代詞和從句：Itsoundslikeyoudon’tknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容詞，“聽起來，好像”，Themusicsoundsnice.9.need需要，實義動詞need+名詞，需要某物；needtodosth.需要做某事，主語通常是人，表示人主動的動作：Youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.needdoingsth.主語通常是物，表示被動的動作：Yourdirtyclothesneedwashing.10.getoff(thebus)下（公交車）geton上車11.agree同意，贊同；同意做某事agreetodo，同意某人的看法、觀點agreewithsb。12.trouble問題，麻煩；beintrouble陷入困境，maketrouble制造麻煩，havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth做某事有困難。13.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意為立刻，馬上。14.runout用完，用盡Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.runout.某物用盡了。人sb.runoutofsth..人用盡了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.15.risk(sb.)todosth.冒險去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒險16.theimportanceof(doing)sth.（做）某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.importancen.重要（性），importantadj.重要的，unimportantadj.不重要的17.decision【名詞】決定；抉擇；makeadecision做決定18.beinthecontrolof…掌管，管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol無法控制，無法管理◆重點語法【反身代詞】英語中共有八個反身代詞，在使用時應(yīng)注意和它所指的相應(yīng)的對象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。數(shù)人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves

用在某些固定短語當(dāng)中。如：lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顧自己teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自學(xué)enjoyoneself玩得高興，過得愉快helponeselftosth請自用……（隨便吃/喝些……）.hurtoneself摔傷自己saytooneself自言自語leavesb.byoneself把某人單獨留下buyoneselfsth.給自己買……東西introduceoneself介紹……自己

【提醒】1.反身代詞不能單獨做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強調(diào)作用。如：我自己能完成作業(yè)。（誤）Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.(正)Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.2.反身代詞表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的東西”，因為它沒有所有格的形式。表達“某人自己的（東西）”時，須要用one’sown.如：我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。（誤）I’mdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.(正)I’mdrawingwithmyowncrayons.【練習(xí)】1.Myclassmate,LiMing,madeacardfor_________justnow.2.Badluck!Icut_________withaknifeyesterday.3.Theytellustheycanlookafter_________verywell.4.Mycatcanfindfoodby_________.5.Help__________tosomebeef,boys.6.Jennyenjoyed_________intheparkyesterdayafternoon.7.Wecanfinishourhomeworkby_________.8.Theblindgirllost_________inthebeautifulmusic.9.XiaoHui,canyouintroduce_________tous?10.Billwantstoteach_________Frenchfromnowon.

Unit2I’llhelptocleanthecityparks◆短語歸納cleanup打掃干凈2.cheerup（使）變得更高興；振奮起來giveout分發(fā)4.usedto曾經(jīng)......；過去........giveaway贈送；捐贈6.setup建立；設(shè)立makeadifference有作為8.comeupwith想出putoff推遲10.putup張貼callup打電話給12.helpout幫助.....擺脫困難carefor照顧；照看14.giveup放棄tryoutfor參加選拔16.cometrue實現(xiàn)runoutof用光18.takeafter與.....相像fixup修理20.besimiliarto與......相似用法歸納needtodosth需要做某事2.makeplantodosth制定計劃做某事asksb(not)todosth要求某人（不要）做某事usedtodosth過去常常做某事5.decidetodosth決定做某事6.helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某事7.makeadifferenceto對......產(chǎn)生影響8.makeitpossibleforsbtodosth使得做某事對某人來說是可能的◆拓展鏈接動詞+副詞短語cheerup使高興起來cleanup打掃干凈putup張貼mixup修理giveaway贈送giveout分發(fā)giveup放棄useup用光getup起床handin上交putoff推遲pickup撿起thinkover仔細思考turndown關(guān)小音量setup建立setoff出發(fā)lookout小心動詞+介詞短語lookafter照顧belongto屬于takeafter與....相像hearfrom收到.....來信hearof聽說payfor支付waitfor等待動詞+副詞+介詞短語getoutof避免comeupwith想出catchupwith追上趕上lookforwardto期待盼望goonwith繼續(xù)動詞+名詞短語havearest休息一下takeawalk散步makemistakes犯錯haveatry試一下takeplace發(fā)生tellalie撒謊makeadecision做決定動詞+名詞+介詞短語havealookat看一看makeafriendwith與.....交朋友payattentionto注意makefunof取笑Be+形容詞+介詞短語belatefor遲到beangrywith生氣befondof喜歡begoodat擅長begoodfor對...有好處beshortof缺乏besimiliarto與......相似bestrictwith對......嚴格要求bepoundof驕傲自豪語法點動詞不定式歸納只跟動詞不定式做賓語的動詞決心學(xué)會有希望（decide,learn,wish,hope）同意計劃莫假裝（agree,plan,pretend）忘記拒絕會失望（forget,refuse,fail）準備設(shè)法來幫忙（prepare,try,manage,help）提供請求負擔(dān)起（offer,beg,afford）記得阻止理應(yīng)當(dāng)（rememberstop,besupposed）◆習(xí)題鏈接-Tomfailedtheexamagain-Sorrytohearthat.Weshoulddosomethingto.cheerhimupB.cheeronhimC.cheerhimonD.cheeruohim2.Theboysvolunteerthreehoursuptheparkneartheirschool.cleaningB.tocleanC.cleanedD.withcleaningThewomaninredateacher.Sheworksinahospitalnow.usedtobeB.isusedtobeC.wasusedtobeD.isTheoldmanlives,buthedoesn’tfeel.alone;aloneB.lonely;lonelyC.lonely;aloneD.alone;lonelyTina,Ihavesomethingimportantyou.tellingB.tellsC.tellD.totell--Theoldmanallhismoneytoacharity.tookawayB.putawayC.wentawayD.gaveawayWeallfeelafterhearofthenews.excited;excitingB.exciting;excitingC.excited;excitingD.exciting;excitedUnit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?◆短語歸納dothedishes洗餐具takeoutthetrash倒垃圾3.atleast至少4.throwdown扔下5.allthetime一直；反復(fù)6.insurprise驚訝地7.assoonas一......就......8.spend......on......在......花費（時間、金錢、精力）9.inorderto為了10.providesthforsb向某人提供某物11.dependon依賴；信賴12.lookafter照顧；照看13.takecareof照顧14.asaresult結(jié)果◆用法歸納finishdoingsth做完某事2.wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事try(not)todosth盡力（不）做某事4.letsbdosth讓某人做某事spend......(in)doingsth花費......做某事minddoingsth介意做某事7.learntodosth學(xué)習(xí)做某事learnhowtodosth學(xué)習(xí)怎樣做某事The+比較級，the+比較級越......，就越.....◆語法點情態(tài)動詞could的用法表示請求與準許，could委婉有禮貌；表示能力會不會，could只把過去表Unit4whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?◆短語歸納toomuch太多（修飾不可數(shù)名詞）2.hangout閑逛toomany太多（修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)）4.getintoafight爭吵callsbup給某人打電話6.talkabout談?wù)搇ookthrough瀏覽8.giveback歸還beangrywithsb生某人的氣10.abigdeal重要的事情workout解決；算出12.getonwithsb與某人和睦相處communicatewithsb與某人交流14.beworriedabout擔(dān)心.....beafraidof害怕.....16.infrontof在...前面not...anymore不再...18.somuch/many那么多competewithsb與某人競爭20.cutout刪除；刪去allkindsof各種各樣22.compare....with.....比較；對比inone’sopinion依...看24.turndown調(diào)小◆用法歸納allowsbtodosth允許某人做某事2.whydon’tyoudosth?為什么不做某事呢？whynotdosth?為什么不做某事呢？4.findsbdoingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人在做某事tellsbtodosth告訴某人做某事6.refusetodosth拒絕做某事letsbdosth讓某人做某事8.offertodosth主動提供做某事not....until....直到....才...10.it’stimetodosth該做某事了it+adj+todosth做某事是.....的12.keepondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事whatdoyouthinkof...?你認為....怎么樣？◆語法點Whydon’tyou+V.......?等提出建議的句型及常用的答語2.連詞until,sothat以及although引導(dǎo)的狀語從句Unit5whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?◆短語歸納waitfor等待2.lookfor尋找gooff(鬧鈴）發(fā)出聲音4.takeashower洗澡pickup接電話；撿起6.makesure確信；務(wù)必havefun玩的開心8.fallasleep入睡；睡覺diedown逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失10.wakeup醒來；叫醒11.inamess亂七八糟12.takephotos照相13.turnon打開14.insilence沉默地；無聲地15.takedown摧毀；拆卸；記下16.tellthetruth說實話17.pointout指出18.goaway消失19.aswell也◆用法歸納bebusydoingsth/bebusywithsth忙于（做）某事seesb/sthdoingsth看見某人或某物正在做某事begin/starttodosth開始做某事trytodosth努力去做某事havetrouble（in）doingsth做某事有困難◆語法點過去進行時過去進行最好記，was/were+doing特定時間有暗示，過去某刻某時段肯定主語在句首，一般問句Be提前否定句式更簡單，Be后只把not添Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains◆短語歸納workon從事2.assoonas一.......就......take...away拿走，帶走4.agoodwaytodosth做某事的好方法alittlebit一點兒6.onceuponatime從前7.o..變成8.comeout出現(xiàn)，出版，結(jié)果是9.getmarried結(jié)婚10.fallinlovewithsb愛上某人11.beborn出生12.allovertheworld全世界13.makeaplantodosth制定計劃做某事14.alongtheway沿路15.belost迷路16findout找出17.learnabout了解◆用法歸納trytodosth設(shè)法做某事2.finishdoingsth完成做某事continuetodosth繼續(xù)做某事4.makesbdosth讓某人做某事keepdoingsth一直做某事6.insteadofdoingsth代替做某事beabletodo能夠做某事Ittakes/took.....todosth花費...做某事havenotimetodosth沒有時間做某事becomeinterestedindoingsth對做某事感興趣can’tstopdoingsth禁不住做某事hearsbdoingsth聽到某人正在做某事leadsbtosomewhere引導(dǎo)某人到某處leavesthat/insomewhere把某物遺忘在某地15.showsbsth向某人展示某物◆語法點unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句so...that...引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句assoonas引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句Unit7what’sthehighestmountainintheworld?◆短語歸納takein吸入；吞入2.inthefaceof面對（問題；困難）atbirth出生時4.asyoucansee正如你所看到的asfarasIknow據(jù)我所知6.upto直到prepare...for...為...準備...8.fallover摔倒diefrom死于......10.cutdown砍倒takecareof照顧；照看12.orso大約；左右indanger處于危險之中◆用法歸納anyother+名詞單數(shù)其他任何一個......feelfreetoasksbsthon......就...隨意問某人某事oneofthe+形容詞最高級+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)最....的....之一what’sthe+形容詞最高級+名詞intheworld?世界上最....的....是什么？protect....from/against....保護....使不受；防御succeedindoingsth成功做成某事teachsbaboutsth教某人有關(guān).....內(nèi)容sendsbtodosth派某人去做某事Therebesb/sthdoing.....有某人/物正在做某事◆語法點數(shù)詞hundred,thousand,million,billion的用法形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級用法比較級變化規(guī)則比較等級要變化，一般詞尾加-er詞尾若有啞音e，直接加r就可以一輔重讀閉音節(jié)，輔音字母要雙寫輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，要把y改i加erUnit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?◆短語歸納befullof充滿2.growup長大3.hurryup趕快4.bringbacktosw帶回到某地5.morethan超過6.inthemiddleof在....中間7.fightover為....爭吵；爭斗8.thinkabout考慮9.cometorealize開始意識到10.eversincethen從那時起11.akindof一種12.suchas例如13.belongto屬于14.findout找出；查出15.attheendoftheday在一天結(jié)束的時候16.befamousfor因為...而出名17.leavebehind遺忘；留下18.theimportanceofmoneyandsuccess金錢和成功的重要性◆用法歸納finishdoingsth完成做某事2.arriveat/insw到達某地3.learntodosth學(xué)習(xí)做某事4.seesbdoingsth看到某人正在做某事5.namesbsth給某人取名為.......6.teachsbsth教某人某事usesthtodo用某物做某事8.lovetodo/doingsth喜歡做某事can’twaittodosth迫不及待做某事10.bekindtosb對某人友好hopetodosth希望做某事12.havetimetodosth有時間做某事13havenothingtodo沒什么事情可做◆語法點現(xiàn)在完成時Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?◆短語歸納haveagreattime玩的開心2.putup搭建；支起insucharapidway用如此快速的方式4.beabletodosth能夠做某事5.acoupleof少數(shù)；幾個6.ontheotherhand另一方面7.threequarters四分之三8.whether...or...不管...還是...9.wakeup醒來10.allyearround一年到頭，終年11.c