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GrammarInversion--倒裝句GrammarInversion--倒裝句11.倒裝句的定義

英語(yǔ)最基本的詞序是主語(yǔ)在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前面。如果把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)前面,就叫做倒裝.Inversionisthechangingoftheorderofthewordsinthesentence.1.倒裝句的定義

英語(yǔ)最基本的詞序是主語(yǔ)在22.

倒裝句的構(gòu)成

a)完全倒裝b)部分倒裝

Incametheheadmaster,followedbyagroupofteachers.

將句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)完全顛倒過(guò)來(lái),稱之為完全倒裝。Seldom

havewefeltascomfortableashere.只將助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞移至主語(yǔ)之前,謂語(yǔ)的其他部分仍保留在主語(yǔ)的后面,稱之為部分倒裝。

2.

倒裝句的構(gòu)成

a)完全倒裝

Incameth3

1)句首狀語(yǔ)引起完全倒裝

(1)“here(there,now,then,thus,first,next)+不及物動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”(2)以out,in,up,down,away,back,off,inside,outside,

Thus,high,low等副詞開(kāi)頭的句子里,以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。①車(chē)來(lái)了。

Here_________________②鈴響了。

There_________________③該你的了。Now__________________④孩子們出去了。

Out__________________comesthebus.goesthebell.comesyourturn.wentthechildren.Theywentout.Herehecomes.注意:當(dāng)代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),主謂語(yǔ)序不變,不倒裝。⑤他們出去了.⑥他來(lái)了。

1)句首狀語(yǔ)引起完全倒裝

(1)“here(there,n4Higherandhigher_____andthenthekitewasoutofsight.A.flewitB.diditflyC.itflewD.wasitflyingHigherandhigher_____andthe5(3)當(dāng)句首狀語(yǔ)為表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組時(shí),也常常引起全部倒裝

①城南有個(gè)大型鋼鐵廠。Southofthecity

liesabigsteelfactory.②這些東西里有圣誕樹(shù)、花兒、蠟燭和玩具Amongthegoods

isChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.。(3)當(dāng)句首狀語(yǔ)為表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組時(shí),也常常引起全部倒裝

6(4)表+主+….Gone

arethedayswhentheChinesepeoplewereonlyslaves.

Seatedontheground

areagroupofyoungpeople.

Standingbesidethetable

wasantranslator.

Presentatthemeeting

weremanyguests.(4)表+主+….7*當(dāng)句首狀語(yǔ)為不表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組時(shí),引起部分倒裝

Onthebackwallhungapictureofmyfamily.Underatreesataprettygirl.Besidemesattwostudents.Inthiswaycanweexplainthematter.*當(dāng)句首狀語(yǔ)為不表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組時(shí),引起部分倒裝

8(5)完全倒裝用于句型“There+live/lie/stand/exist/remain/be

/seemtobe/happentobe/usedtobe/oughtbe/mustbe/can’tbe)+主語(yǔ)”Therestandsatalltreeinfrontoftheclassroom.(5)完全倒裝用于句型“There+live/lie/st92)部分倒裝

(1)用于so/as,nor,neither開(kāi)頭的句子,表示重復(fù)前句部分內(nèi)容,原句的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與前句謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)、形式相一致

①他去過(guò)北京,我也去過(guò)。HehasbeentoBeijing.So/AshaveI.②李威回答不了這個(gè)問(wèn)題,我也不能。LiWeican'tanswerthequestion.NeithercanI.2)部分倒裝

(1)用于so/as,nor,neither10如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既有肯定又有否定,或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有多種形式,用soitiswith結(jié)構(gòu).-------Icaughtthefirstbus,Iamnotlateforwork.-------Soitiswithhim.注:有時(shí)為表示對(duì)上文情況的肯定和確認(rèn),用正常語(yǔ)序表“確實(shí)如此”-------HecanspeakgoodEnglish.-------Sohecan.如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既有肯定又有否定,或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有多種形式,用so11---Heworkshard.----_________and_________.A.Sohedoes…..sodoeshisbrother.B.Sodoeshe…..sohisbrotherdoes.C.Sohedoes…sohisbrotherdoes.D.Sodoeshe….sodoeshisbrother.---Heworkshard.12

用于never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,barely,little,often,no,neither,

nor,few,atnotime,nowhere,invai徒勞notonce等詞放在句首的句子。

〈1〉我再也不會(huì)這么做了。Never

NevershallIdothisagain.〈2〉他不太知道那個(gè)女的是誰(shuí)。Little

Little

didheknowwhothewomanwas.(2)用于否定詞或短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的句型中

用于never,hardly,seldom,scar132)含有否定意義的一些副詞,如hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,rarely,never,not/no/neither/nor/few/nowhere/invain(徒勞)等位于句首時(shí),引起部分倒裝。還有一些表示否定意義的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí),句子也要求用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),常見(jiàn)的這類介詞短語(yǔ)都還有“no”,如,atnotime,innocase,bynomeans,innoway,under/innocircumstance等。innoway/case=onnooccasion=bynomeans=onnoaccount=in/undernocircumstances(決不)2)含有否定意義的一些副詞,如hardly,scarce14如,a)UndernocircumstancesshallIchangemyattitudetowardsbeauty.

無(wú)論如何我都不會(huì)改變自己對(duì)美的態(tài)度。

b)Atnotimeandinnocircumstancesshouldthefiredoorsofthebuildingeverbelocked.

無(wú)論什么時(shí)候,什么情況下,建筑物的消防通道們都不能鎖上。c)NotasinglemistakedidImake.d)Invain(無(wú)結(jié)果的,徒然)didItrytochangehismind.f)Seldomdoessheshowherfeelings,evenwhensheissaid..如,a)Undernocircumstancessh15((3).用于nosooner…than…,hardly…when,scarcely…when;

notuntil,

notonly…butalso,neither…nor…的句型中。

我剛到她就走了.HardlyhadIarrived

whensheleft.Nosooner

hadIarrived

thansheleft.((3).用于nosooner…than…,hardly16“一…就…”,“剛剛….就“句型中,表示一件事情緊接著另一件事情發(fā)生。HardlyScarcely+倒裝句(過(guò)完)+when+陳述句(過(guò)去)barelyNosooner+倒裝句(過(guò)完)+than+陳述句(過(guò)去)Hardly/scarcely/barelyhadhearrivedatthestationwhenthetrainbegantoleave.NosoonerhadIgoneoutthanhecametoseeme.“一…就…”,“剛剛….就“句型中,表示一件事情173)含notuntil

的強(qiáng)調(diào)句,如果notuntil位于句首,句子要求用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),如果是主從復(fù)合句,倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)在主句中。如,a)Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidtheresidentsrealizehowseriousthewaterpollutionwas.b)Notuntilthendidhecometorealizehowseriousthesituationwas.c)Notuntilitwasdark,didwearriveatthevillage.3)含notuntil的強(qiáng)調(diào)句,如果notunti18直到老師來(lái)了,他才寫(xiě)完作業(yè)。Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.Notuntil+陳述句/時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)+倒裝句Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.NotuntilyesterdaydidIlearnit.(當(dāng)Notuntil引出主從復(fù)合句,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝直到老師來(lái)了,他才寫(xiě)完作業(yè)。19Notonly+倒裝句+but(also)+陳述句Notonlydidweloseourmoney,butalso

we

cameclosetolosingourlives.【語(yǔ)法】倒裝句詳細(xì)講解-之二ppt課件20注:主句部分倒裝,從句不倒裝;并列連詞連接主語(yǔ)成分時(shí),句子不倒裝。

Notonly

couldshetypebutalsoshecouldoperatethecomputer.Hardly

hadhegotonthebuswhenheheardashout.Neitherinschoolnorathomedidheeverwashhisclothes.Notonlychildrenbutalsogrown-upsareinterestedincartoon.注:主句部分倒裝,從句不倒裝;并列連詞連接主語(yǔ)成分時(shí),句子不21(4)用于only開(kāi)頭的句子(only后面跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句)?!?〉就是在今天下午我才看完這本小說(shuō)。Onlythisafternoon

didIfinishthenovel.〈2〉只有在他告訴我的時(shí)候,我才知道他的麻煩

Onlywhenhetoldme

didIrealizewhattroublehewasin.。(4)用于only開(kāi)頭的句子(only后面跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或22OnlythenwasIconsciousofmymistake.Onlywhenyouare18,canyouenjoythecivilrights.OnlywithhardworkcanyoulearnEnglishwell.Onlythendidshelearnaboutthetruthofhisleavingtheposition..Only修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)不要求倒裝。OnlyIcanfinishthistask.Onlyheknowsthetruth.【語(yǔ)法】倒裝句詳細(xì)講解-之二ppt課件23注:only修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)不引起倒裝Only

doctorcansavehim.OnlyIknowthefact.注:only修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)不引起倒裝24當(dāng)否定詞Not,Notonly,Little,Few等用來(lái)限制主語(yǔ)時(shí),否定詞即使位于句首時(shí),也不倒裝.Notevery

horsecanrunfast.Notonlyhebutalsohisbrotherwasindebt.Few

peopleknowit.Little

waterisleft.當(dāng)否定詞Not,Notonly,Little,Few25

(5)用于“形容詞(或名詞、動(dòng)詞)+as(though)引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中”

①盡管她很漂亮,可她不聰明。Prettyassheis,sheisnotclever.②盡管他可以試一試,他還會(huì)掉下來(lái)。Tryashecould,hemightfallagain.注意:如果從句的表語(yǔ)是名詞,其名詞前不加任何冠詞(零冠詞)〈1〉盡管他還是個(gè)孩子,他不得不去謀生。Child

ashewas,hehadtomakealiving.

(5)用于“形容詞(或名詞、動(dòng)詞)+as(though)引26

形容詞名詞+as/though+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞副詞分詞

動(dòng)詞+as+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞

27Oldas/thoughheis,heisfullofenergy.=Thoughheisold,……….=Heisold,buthe…..Scientistasheis,hewantstolearnmoreMuchasshelikeit,shewon’tbuyit.Tryas/thoughhewould,hemightfailagain.Childas/thoughhewas,hehadtomakea

living.Oldas/thoughheis,heisful28(6)

程度副詞位于句首So,Such

Often,Well,Long,Manyatime,Nowandthen,

Tosuchaextent/degree/length/so+adj./adv.+部分倒裝such+(adj,)+n.+部分倒裝(6)程度副詞位于句首29Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.Somanyquestionsdidtheyaskmethatlgotconfused.

Suchheavystones

weretheythathecouldhardlyliftedthem.Such

wastheforceoftheexplosionthatallthewindowswerebroken.Soloudlydidhespeakthatev30Often

did

I

tellhimnottomaketrouble.Well

dolrememberthedayswhenwewereatschooltogether.Longdidwewaitbeforewereceivedaletterfromhim.Manyatimehavetheytriedthatexperiment.【語(yǔ)法】倒裝句詳細(xì)講解-之二ppt課件31(7)用于某些表示祝愿的句子也要用倒裝。Mayyousucceed!祝你成功!LongliveChina!中國(guó)萬(wàn)歲Mayyourcountrygrowprosperousandstrong.LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina(7)用于某些表示祝愿的句子也要用倒裝。32(8)用于省略if的虛擬條件狀語(yǔ)從句

Hadyou(not)reviewedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedtheexamination.

Werehetogivealectureinourschool,Iwouldletyouknow.

Shouldhegiveupsmoking,hisillnesswouldbecuredbeforelong.【語(yǔ)法】倒裝句詳細(xì)講解-之二ppt課件33虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。條件從句If

從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在過(guò)去未來(lái)過(guò)去(were)過(guò)去完成時(shí)1.過(guò)去時(shí)2.should+V.3.weretodowould/could/should/might

+V.(原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.would/could/should/might+V.(原)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。條件從句If從句的謂語(yǔ)形式34(9).在省略if的虛擬條件句中,(若從句中有系動(dòng)詞were,助動(dòng)詞had,和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should時(shí),可以不用if,而將從句中的這些詞和主語(yǔ)顛倒形成部分倒裝.)Were/should/had+subject+(not)othersIflwereTom,lwouldrefuse.=WerelTom,lwouldrefuse.(9).在省略if的虛擬條件句中,(若從句中有系動(dòng)詞w35Werelyou,lwouldgototheconcertwithyou.=Iflwereyou,Shoulditraintomorrow,lwould/shouldstayathome,.=Ifitraintomorrow,……….Hadyoucomeyesterday,youmighthaveseemhim.=Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,……Werelyou,lwouldgotothe36(10).特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,Be或者動(dòng)詞原形位于句首,相當(dāng)于讓步狀語(yǔ)從句be+主語(yǔ)+everso+adj無(wú)論怎樣如,Beamaneversoclever,heknowsnothingifhedoesn’tlearn.無(wú)論一個(gè)人有多聰明,不學(xué)習(xí)就什么都不知道。be+主語(yǔ)+AorB無(wú)論是A還是BBehefriendorenemy,thelawregardedhimasacriminal.動(dòng)詞+wh--+will/may無(wú)論Comewhatmay,wemustremainoptimistic.=Whatevermaycome,wemustremainoptimistic.(10).特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,37倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)訓(xùn)練倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)訓(xùn)練38典型例題

Nosooner_______thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun典型例題39典型例題--DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?--Idon'tknow,_____.A.nordon'tIcare B.nordoIcareC.Idon'tcareneither D.Idon'tcarealso典型例題40Mybrotherhadacoldlastweek,_________.

A.sohadI

B.sodidI

C.Ihadso

D.soIhad

BMybrotherhadacoldlastB412.Notuntil_________home__________hisparentshadbeenillforthreedays.

A.hegot;heknew

B.didheget;heknew

C.hegot;didheknow

D.didheget;didheknowC2.Notuntil_________home___423.Inhardlyanysituation________findhersad.

A.thatyoucan

B.thatcanyou

C.youcan

D.canyou

D3.Inhardlyanysituation____434.Bequick!_________.

A.Thebuscomeshere

B.Herecomesthebus

C.Thebusherecomes

D.Hereisthebuscoming

B4.Bequick!_________.

445.In________andthelessonbegan.

A.theteachercame

B.theteachercoming

C.cametheteacher

D.didtheteachercome

C5.In________andthelesson456.Onthewall_________twolargeportraits.

A.hangs

B.hang

C.hanged

D.hanging

B6.Onthewall_________two467.---DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?

---Idon’tknow,_________.

A.nordon’tIcare

B.nordoIcare

C.Idon’tcareneither

D.neitherdon’tIcare

B7.---DoyouknowJimquarrel478.Onlywhen_________howimportantitistomasterEnglish.

A.didIworkIrealized

B.IworkeddidIrealize

C.didIworkdidIrealize

D.IworkedIrealized

B8.Onlywhen_________howB489._______inthedarknessthathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.

A.Sofrightenedhewas

B.Sofrightenedwashe

C.Hewasfrightenedso

D.Sohewasfrightened

B9._______inthedarknesstha4910._______,sheisstillasstrongasyou.A.Asoldsheis

B.Oldassheis

C.Assheisold

D.Asoldisshe

B10._______,shei

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