分析成果文案neo 5x data sheetgps g5 ms

NEO-u-blox5GPS NEO-NEO-NEO-NEO-canbedownloadedfromchangestospecificationsandproductdescriptionsatanytimewithoutnotice.expresspermissionisstrictlyprohibited.Copyright?2009,u-bloxAG.u-bloxisa ofu-bloxHoldingAGintheEUandothercountries.ARMisthe theEUandothercountries. GPS AssistedGPS(A- SuperSenseIndoor SerialPeripheralInterface Eco Externalserial Pin Electrical um Reliability ESDhandling Default TheNEO-5moduleseriesisafamilyofstand-aloneGPSreceiversfeaturingthehighperformanceu-blox516x12.2x2.4mmpackage.TheircompactarchitectureandpowerandmemoryoptionsmakeNEO-5modulesidealforbatteryoperateddeviceswithverystrictcostandspaceconstraints.enablingittofindsalitesinstantly.Innovativedesignandtechnologysuppressesjammingsourcesandmitigatesmultipatheffects,givingNEO-5GPSreceivercellentnavigationperformanceeveninthemostchallengingenvironments.NEO-5modulesarenotdesignedforlifesavingorsupportingdevicesorforaviationandshouldnotbeusedinproductsthatcouldinanywaynegativelyimpactthesecurityorhealthoftheuserorthirdpartiesorthatcouldcausedamagetogoods.P=Receiver50Receiver50GPSL1frequency,C/AGALILEOOpenServiceL11Time-To-First-NEO-5G,NEO-NEO-5D,NEO-2929<12<13NEO-5G,NEO-NEO-5D,NEO-4<2.5<2.030<60Configurablef=0.25…Hz(Tp=1/f- 0.54Operational50000500Allsalitesat-130Demonstratedwithagoodactive50%@3050%@30AssumingAirborne<4gBlockRFFront-EndAssistedGPS(A-Supplyofaidinginformationlikeephemeris,almanac,roughlastpositionandtimeandsalitestatusandanoptionaltimesynchronizationsignalwillreducetimetofirstfixsignificantlyandimprovetheacquisitionareOMASUPLcompliant.sensitivity.SuperSenseenablesbest-lasstrackinganvigationindifficultsignalenvironmentssuchasurbancanyonsorindoorlocations.KickStart/AnavailablefeatureisKickStart.ThisfunctionalityusesaTCXOtoaccelerateweaksignalacquisition,enablingfasterstartandreacquisitiontimes.KickStartisavailablewiththeNEO-5GandNEO-5Q. BothprotocolsareavailableonUART,USB,DDCandSPI.ForspecificationofthevariousprotocolsseeNEO-5modulessupportanumberofperipheralinterfacesforserialcommunication.Theembeddedfirmwarealsosupportstheconnectionofperipheraldevices,suchaternalmemories,tosomeoftheinterfaces.NEO-5modulesludeoneconfigurableUARTinterfaceforserialcommunication(forinformationaboutconfigurationseesection1.11).USBinterface,tlyfromtheVDD_IOpin.u-bloxprovidesa?certifiedUSBdriverforWindowsXPandWindowsVistaoperatingsystems.Windows7willalsobesupportedfollowingcertification. TheSPnterfaceallowsfortheconnectionofexternaldeviceswithaserialinterface,e.g.EEPROMorA/Dconverters,ortointerfacetoahostCPU.Theinterfacecanbeoperatedinmasterorslavemode.Inmastercommunicationwiththehost.TheI2CcompatibleDDCinterfacecanbeusedeithertoaccesternal

aserialinterfaceEEPROMorA/Dconverters)ortointerfacewithahostCPU.Itiscapableofmas ndslaveoperationandcommunicatesatarateof<100kbit/s. Antenna Passiveandactive

umgain

1.550Formoreinformationaboutpowermanagementstrategies,seetheu-blox5ReceiverDescriptionludingProtocolSpecification[2].OperatingNEO-5moduleshave2continuousoperatingmodes(umPerformanceandEco). theacquisitionengodeliverlowercurrentconsumption.Atmediumtostrongsignals,thereisalmostnodifferenceforacquisitionandtrackingperformanceinthesemodes.umPerformance umPerformancemode,u-blox5receiversusetheacquisitionengineatfullperformancetosearchforallpossiblesalitesuntiltheAlmanaciscompleydownloaded.EcoInEcomode,u-blox5receiversusetheacquisitionengosearchfornewsalitesonlywhenneededfor oldstarts,u-blox5searchesforenoughsa litestonavigateandoptimizesuseoftheacquisition odownloadtheirephemeris.Innon-coldstarts,u-blox5focusesonsearchingforvisiblesa liteswhoseorbitsareknownfromtheInEcomode,theu-blox5acquisitionenginelimitsuseofitssearchingresourcestominimizepowerconsumption.Asaconsequencethetimetofindsomesalitesatweakestsignallevelmightbeslightly omparisontotheMax.performance u-blox5deactivatestheacquisitionengineassoonasapositionisfixedandasufficientnumber(atleast4)ofsalitesarebeingtracked.ThetrackingenginecontinuestosearchandtracknewsaliteswithoutorbitBoot-timeNEO-5modulesprovideconfigurationpinsforboot-timeconfiguration.These eeffectiveimmediayafterstart-up.Oncethemodulehasstarted,theconfigurationsettinaybemodifiedwithUBXconfigurationmessages.Themodifiedsettingsremaineffectiveuntilpower-downorreset.Ifthesesettingshavebeenstoredinbattery-backupRAM,thenthemodifiedconfigurationwillberetained,aslongasthebackupbatterysupplyisnotinterrupted.AllNEO-5modulesludea 0pin,whichcanbeconfiguredasseeninTable6.Defaultsettingsin0USB1BUS0GSV,RMC,GSA,GGA,GLL,VTG,Self 0NEO-5GandNEO-5Qludeboth 0and Defaultsettingsinbold.10USB11BUS10GSV,RMC,GSA,GGA,GLL,VTG,Self01GSV,RMC,GSA,GGA,VTG,BUS00NAV-SOL,NAV-STATUS,NAV-SVINFO,NAV-CLOCK,INF,MON-EXCEPTBUSTheNEO-5GandNEO-5QludeaCFG_GPS0pin,whichenablestheboot-timeconfigurationofthepowermode.ThesesettingsaredescribedinTable8.Defaultsettingsinbold. Eco11 ABC2.4DE1.1F3.0G1.11.6GND919Top19Top6205214223232241BEDForinformationregardingthePasteMaskandFootprintseetheNEO-5Hardware1IISPIISPISlaveSelect(2NEO-5M/NEO-I3O4I5USB6USB7IUSB GPSsignal NEO-5Q/NEO-0 NEO-5M/NEO-0INEO-5Q/NEO-1ILeaveopenifnotNEO-5M/NEO- NEO-5Q/NEO- PowerModeConfigurationNEO-5M/NEO-NEO-5Q/NEO-ONEO-5M/NEO-OOSerialPortISerialPortIISupplyIdesignated Electrical NEO-VNEO-NEO-VNEO-VUSBsupplyvoltageVInputpinVVVCC_RFoutputInputpowerat source=50,StorageumESDStressLevelApplied; RFVAllotherumESDStressLevelApplied; RFVAllotherGPSreceiversareElectrostaticSensitiveDevices(ESD)andrequirespecialprecautionswhenhandling.FormoreinformationseetheNEO-5HardwareIntegration Stressingthedevicebeyondthe“Absolute umRatings”maycausepermanentdamage.Thesearestressratingsonly.Theproductisnotprotectedovervoltageorreversedvoltages.Ifnecessary,voltageeceedingthepowersupplyvoltagespecification,givenintableabove,mustbelimitedtovalueswithinthespecifiedboundariesbyusingappropriateprotectiondiodes.OperatingNEO-VNEO-NEO-VNEO-IVcc=3.6V/SustainedsupplyIccIccIcc(Eco

Vcc=3.0V/Icc(EcoVVccVInputpinlowVInputpinhighVEXTINT0andRxD1VEXTINT0andRxD1VOutputpinlowVIout=4OutputpinhighVcc–VIout=-4VDDUSB(Pin24)forVUSB_DM, CompatiblewithUSBwith27OhmsseriesReceiverChainNoiseVCC_RFVVCC_RFoutputUsethisfigureto NEO-5Q,NEO-NEO-5D,NEO-Inordertoobtainthenecessaryinformationtoconductaproperdesign-in,u-bloxstrongly consultingtheNEO-5HardwareIntegration Productsmarkedwiththislead-symbolontheproductlabelcomplywiththe"Directive2002/95/ECoftheEuropeanParliamentandtheCouncilontheRestrictionofNEO-5modulesaredeliveredashermeticallysealed,reeledtapesinordertoenableefficientproduction,productionlotset-upandtear-down.NEO-5GPSmodulesaredeliverableintiesof250pcsonareel.ThedimensionsofthereelareshowninFigure4.20.2020.20 Feed40.4044.0040.4044.001=orientationof FeedThicknessofModuleonTape=NEO-5modulesareMoistureSensitiveDevices(MSD)inaccordancetotheIPC/JEDECspecification.AppropriateMSDhandlinginstructionsandprecautionsaresummarizedinSections6.2.1to6.2.3.ReadthemcarefullytopreventpermanentdamageduetomoistureGPSreceiverscontainhighlysensitiveelectroniccircuitryandareElectrostaticSensitiveDevices(ESD).HandlingNEO-5moduleswithoutproperESDprotectionmaydestroyordamagethempermanently.SeeSection6.2.6forESDhandlinginstructions.areratedatMSLlevel4.ForMSLstandardseeIPC/JEDECJ-STD-020,whichcanbedownloadedfrom asmoisturesensitiveandmustbedrypackedinaccordancewithJ-STD-033.NEO-5modulesaredeliveredonTape-and-Reelsinahermeticallysealedpackage("drybag")topreventmoistureintakeandprotectelectrostaticdischarge.Forprotectionfromphysicaldamage,thereelsareindividuallypackedartons.moisturelevelwithintheMBB.Therefore,theeffectofthesematerialsiscompensatedbyaddingadditionaldesicctheMBBtoensuretheshelflifeoftheSMDpackages.ThedrybagprovidesanIPC/JEDECcompliantMSDlabeldescribingthehandlingrequirementstopreventhumidityintake.IPC/JEDECspecificationsrequirethatMSDsensitivedevicesbepackagedtogetherwithaHumidityIndicatorCard(HIC)anddesiccanttoabsorbhumidity.Ifnomoisturehasbeenabsorbed,thethreefieldsintheHICindicatebluecolor.Figure6showamplesofanMSDlabelandHIC.StorageandfloorThecalculatedshelflifefordrypackedSMDpackagesisaminimumof12monthsfromthebagsealdate,whenstoredinanoncondensingatmosphericenvironmentof<40°C/90%RH. Floorlife(outofbag)atfactoryambient≤30°C/60%RHoras Unlimitedat≤30°C/85% 1 4 168 72needtobepre-bakedbeforethereflowsolderprocess.topreventcrackinganddelaminationassociatedwiththe"popcorn"effectduringreflowsoldering.Thepopcorneffectcanbedescribedasminiatureexplosionsofevaporatingmoisture.Bakingbeforeprocessingisrequiredinthefollowingcases:Floorlifeorenvironmentalrequirementsafteropeningthesealhavebeenexceeded,e.g.exposuretoexcessiveseasonalhumidity.RefertoSection4ofIPC/JEDECJ-STD-033for liststherequiredbaketimesandconditionsfordrying.Forexample,amodulethathaceededitsfloorlifebyDonotattempttobakeNEO-5moduleswhilecontainedintapeandrolledupinreels.Forbaking,cepartsindividuallyontooventray.OxidationRisk:BakingSMDpackagesmaycauseoxidationand/orintermetallicgrowthoftheterminations,whichifexcessivecanresultinsolderabilityproblemsduringboardassembly.ThetemperatureandtimeforbakingSMDpackagesarethereforelimitedbysolderabilityconsiderations.Thecumulativebaketimeatatemperaturegreaterthan90°Candupto125°Cshallnotexceed96hours.Ifthebaketemperatureisnotgreaterthan90°C,thereisnolimitonbaketime.Baketemperatureshigherthan125°Carenotallowed.ReflowReflowprofilesaretobeselectedaccordingtoIPC/JEDECJ-STD-NEO-5modulesareElectrostaticSensitiveDevices(ESD).Observeprecautionsforhandling!FailuretoobservetheseprecautionscanresultinseveredamagetotheGPSreceiver!caremustbeexercisedwhenhandlingpatchantennas,duetotheriskofelectrostaticcharges.InadditiontostandardESDsafetypractices,thefollowingmeasuresshouldbetakenintoaccountwheneverhandlingtheUnlessthereisagalvaniccouplingbetweenthelocalGND(i.e.theworktable)andthePCBGND,thenthefirstpointofcontactwhenhandlingthePCBshallalwaysbweenthelocalGNDandPCBWhenhandlingtheRFpin,donotcomeintocontactwithanychargedcapacitorsandbecarefulwhencontactingmaterialsthatcandevelopcharges(e.g.patchantenna~10pF,coaxcableToprevenectrostaticdischargethroughtheRFinputdonottouchthemountedpatchantenna.RFpin,makesuretouseanESDsafesolderingiron(tip).Default 9600Baud,8bits,noparitybit,1stopUBXmessageshavebeenactivatedatstart-up:USBOutput UBXmessageshavebeenactivatedatstart-up:USBPowerMode:Bus- 9600Baud,8bits,noparitybit,1stopTheGPSreceiversupportsinterleavedUBXandNMEAUSB AutomaticallyacceptsfollowingprotocolswithoutneedofexplicitTheGPSreceiversupportsinterleavedUBXandNMEAmessages.USBPowerMode:Bus-Powered(1HzNav)

NEO-5Q,NEO-5G: NEO-5M,NEO-5D:EcoModeThelabelingofu-blox5GPSmodulesludesimportantproductinformation.ThelocationoftheproducttypenumberisshowninFigure7.Exnationof3differentproductcodeformatsareused.TheProductNameisusedin andidentifiesallu-blox5products, tofpackagingandqualitygrade.TheOrderingCodeludesoptionsandquality,whiletheTypeNumberludesthehardwareandfirmwareversions.Table16belowdetailsthese3differentformats: Product PPP- PPP-GV-Type PPP-GV-T-G5=u-VTFlashsize,automotivegraderevision,cablelength,etc.Table17:partidentification NEO-5D- ROM-basedu-blox5GPSModule1.8V,12x16mm,250NEO-5G- ROM-basedu-blox5GPSModulewithKickStart1.8V,12x16mm,250 NEO-5Q- ROM-basedu-blox5GPSModulewithKickStart3V,12x16mm,250EVK-5P- EVK-5H- Productchangesaffectingform,fitorfunctionare edbyu-blox.ForalistofProductChangeNotifications(PCNs)seeourwebsiteat:htt u-blox5ReceiverDescription Allthese sareavailableonourhomepage(htt Forregularupdatestou-blox onourhomepage.Status/12NEO-5G/D3Vddusb,CFG4RMS,EEPROM,AntennaGain,OperationalB(navigationupdateandoperationallimits),Protocolsinterfaces(additionofsections1.91-1.9.4),Powermanagement umratings(ESDratings),Operatingconditions,reliabilitytestsandapprovals,producthandling(newLabelingandorderinginformation lusionofsections8.1-Block +1(703)483

u-blox +41447227444 +41447227444

: +861068133545 +81343605343 +8225420861 +886226571090Support:NEO-5u-blox5GPS模塊數(shù)據(jù) 技術(shù)數(shù)據(jù)表描述了基于u-blox5的經(jīng)濟(jì)高效、高性NEO-5GPS功能包括AssistNowOnline和AssistNowOfflineA-GPS服務(wù)、KickStart加速采集、SuperSenseGPSRF16.0x12.2mmNEO-4S12.2x16.0mmNEO-51.8VNEO-5DNEO-5Gu-blox540% 文檔信息標(biāo)題NEO-u-blox5GPSGPS.G5-MS5-07025-名稱型號(hào)ROM/FLASH版本PCN參考號(hào)NEO-5QNEO-5Q-0-002ROM5.00N/ANEO-5MNEO-5M-0-001ROM5.00N/ANEO-5GNEO-5G-0000ROM5.00N/ANEO-5DNEO-5D-0-001ROM5.00N/A檔以及其中包含的任何信息的使用均須接受u-blox條款和條件。它們可以從 u-blox 。2009年，u-blox股份公司。u-blox。是u-bloxHoldingAG在歐盟和其他國(guó)家的注冊(cè)商標(biāo)。手臂。是ARMLimited在歐盟和其他國(guó)家的注冊(cè)商標(biāo)。 GPS GPS(A- KickStart USB 啟動(dòng)時(shí)配置EEPROM 5.2 176.2.2 ESD NEO-5GPSu-blox516x12.2x2.4mm封裝，提供多種連接選項(xiàng)。其緊NEO-5移動(dòng)設(shè)備。50u-blox5(TTFF)1GPS接收器也能提供出色的導(dǎo)航性能。P=1：NEO-5GPS1.450GPSL1C/AL11NEO-5G、NEO-5QNEO-5D、NEO-5M（自主）2932（）2932（自主）<1<12<1<33NEO-5G、NEO-5QNEO-5D、NEO-5M160dBm160dBm160-160dBm（自主）144dBm14342.5mSBAS2.0mRMS3099%<60nsf0.25999Hz(Tp1/f-<4Hz50.1m/s60.54750000m500m/s2：NEO-5GPS13050%@3050%@30<4gNEO-51：框圖（1.2縮短首次定位時(shí)間并提高捕獲靈敏度。所有NEO-5模塊均支持u-bloxAssistNowOnline和AssistNowOfflineA-GPS服務(wù)8，并且符合OMASUPL標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。SuperSenseGPSNEO-5SuperSense，提供超快速的捕獲/重新捕獲和KickStartKickStartTCXO從而加快啟動(dòng)和重新采集時(shí)間。KickStart適用于NEO-5G和NEO-5Q。協(xié)議和接口協(xié)議類型NMEA輸入/輸出、ASC、0183、2.3（兼容UBX，u-blox3：UART、USB、DDCu-blox5[2]UARTNEO-5UART（節(jié)）USBNEO-5USB2.0FS（全速，12Mbit/s）UARTUSB_DPVDD_USBVDD_IOUSB接口供電。u-blox提供了.經(jīng)過認(rèn)證的適用于WindowsXP和WindowsVista操作系統(tǒng)的USB驅(qū)動(dòng)程序。認(rèn)證后還將支持Windows7。WindowsXPWindowsVistaWindows74：USBNEO-5GNEO-5QSPISPIEEPROMA/DCPU。顯示數(shù)據(jù)通道（DDC）I2CDDC（EEPROMA/DNEO-51520dB（RF）天線建議最大噪聲系數(shù)1.5dB最大增益50dB表5：所有NEO-5模塊的天線規(guī)格u-blox52]NEO-52（Eco）。最高性能模式可自由使TTFF，而經(jīng)濟(jì)模式則優(yōu)化采集引擎的使用，以提供更低的電流消耗GPSEcoEco，u-blox5在冷啟動(dòng)時(shí)，u-blox5會(huì)搜索足夠的衛(wèi)星進(jìn)行導(dǎo)航，并優(yōu)化采集引擎的使用來下載星歷表。在非冷啟動(dòng)中，u-blox5Eco，u-blox5NEO-5NEO-5[1]一旦位置固定并且正在跟蹤足夠數(shù)量（4）衛(wèi)星，u-blox5啟動(dòng)時(shí)配置NEO-5模塊提供用于啟動(dòng)時(shí)配置的配置引腳。這些在啟動(dòng)后立即生效。模塊啟動(dòng)后，可以使用UBX配置消息修改配置設(shè)置。修改的設(shè)置在掉電或復(fù)位之前一直有效。如果這些設(shè)置已存儲(chǔ)在電池備份RAM中，則只要備份電池供電不中斷，修改后的配置就會(huì)保留。所有NEO-5模塊均包含一 0引腳，其配置如表6所示。默認(rèn)設(shè)置以粗體顯示0UARTUSB1NMEAGSV、RMC、GSA、GGA、GLL、VTG、TXT9600NMEAGSV、RMC、GSA、GGA、GLL、VTG、TXT38400自供電表6：支持 0設(shè)置NEO-和NEO-5Q包 0 1引腳，可按表7所示進(jìn)行配置。默認(rèn)設(shè)置以粗體顯示 0UARTUSB1NMEAGSV、RMC、GSA、GGA、GLL、VTG、TXT96000NMEAGSV、RMC、GSA、GGA、GLL、VTG、TXT3840001NMEAGSV10、RMC、GSA、GGA、VTG、TXT480000UBXNAV-SOL、NAV-STATUS、NAV-SVINFO、NAV-CLOCK、57600INF、MON-EXCEPT7：COM（NEO-5G、NEO-NEO-5GNEO-5QCFG_GPS08CFG_GPS0Eco8CFG_GPS0（NEO-5G、NEO-5Q）和CFG_GPS引腳的靜態(tài)激活與SPI接口的使用不兼容。EEPROMNEO-5EEPROMDDCROM10FW5.00A16.0+0.6/-0.1mm[628.8+24/-B12.2±0.1毫米[479.5±4C2.4±0.2mm[94.3D1.0+0.3/-0.1mm[39.3+18/-EF1.1±0.1mm3.0±0.1mm[43.2G1.1±0.1mm[117.9±4mil][43.2重量1.6g表9：尺寸GND 1/NCCFG_GPS0/SCK/NC保留/NCSDA2NEO-5A俯視圖SCL2TxD1RxD1V_BCKPVCCGNDTIMEPULSESS_N/NC保留DGNDRF_INGNDVCC_RFG保留FVDDUSBUSB_DPUSB_DMEXTINT0EBNEO-5C2：尺寸（NEO-5[1]I/ONEO-5Q/NEO-5GNEO-5M/NEO-5DSS_N SPI（計(jì)劃）TIMEPULSEOEXTINT0IUSB_DMI/OUSBUSB_DPI/OUSBVDDUSBIUSB89VCC_RFORF89全部GNDIRF_INIGPS全部GNDI所有GNDINEO-5Q/NEO-5GNEO-5M/NEO- 0 SPIMOSI（劃） 1ISPIMISO（計(jì)劃）/配置引腳。如果不使用，請(qǐng)保持打開狀NEO-5M/NEO-5DNCNEO-5Q/NEO-5GCFG_GPS0SCKI/OSPI（計(jì)劃NEO-5M/NEO-5DNCI/ONEO-5Q/NEO-5GONEO-5M/NEO-5DNCOSDA2I/ODDCSCL2I/ODDCTxD1ORxD1IV_BCKPIVCCIGNDI10息，請(qǐng)參閱NEO-5硬件集成手冊(cè)[1]。 絕對(duì)最大額定值NEO-5-數(shù)據(jù)表參數(shù)符號(hào)條件最小值最大值單位電源電壓(VCC)VccNEO-5Q,0.53.6VNEO-5MNEO-5D,0.52.0VNEO-5G(V_BCKP)Vbckp0.53.6VUSB(VDDUSB)Vddusb3.8V0.53.6VVin_usb0.5VddusbVCC_RFIccrf100mARF_INPrfin550TstgAll4085°CESDVESD(HBM)1500V（100pF；1.5k.）ESDVESD(MM)RF150V）11：GPS(ESD)，處理時(shí)需要采取特殊預(yù)防措施。有關(guān)更多信息，請(qǐng)參閱NEO-5硬件集成手冊(cè)[1]。25°CMinTypMaxVccNEO-5Q,2.73.03.6VVCC)NEO-5MNEO-5D,1.751.82.0VNEO-5G峰值電源電流I全部150mAVcc=3.6V12/14Icc7415mAIcc（最大性能模式）Icc45166115mAmAVcc3.0V12Icc4316mAEcoVbckp1.43.6VIbckp25μAVbckp1.8VVinVcc0.5VVin_low_10.2xVccVVin_high_10.7xV輸入引腳低電壓Vin_low_20.22VEXTINT0和RxD1Vin_high_20.91VEXTINT0RxD1Vout_low0.4VIout4mAVout_highVcc0.4VIout=-4mA用于USB的VDDUSB（引腳24）Vddusb1所有3.0173.6V操作USB_DM、USB_DPVinU全部與27歐姆的USB兼容串聯(lián)電阻天線增益GantAll50dB接收器鏈噪聲ot2.5dB圖VCC_RF電壓VccrfAllVcc-VVCC_RFIccrfAll50mAToprAll4085°C1212NEO-5Q、NEO-5M13NEO-5D、NEO-5G14數(shù)字確定所需的電池容量。15ROM5.00，視圖中>8個(gè)SV，CNo>40dBHz，冷啟動(dòng)后30秒的當(dāng)前平均值。16ROM5.00，信號(hào)強(qiáng)，所有軌道可用。對(duì)于冷啟動(dòng)，通常在首次修復(fù)后12分鐘進(jìn)行。對(duì)于熱啟動(dòng)，通常在第一次修復(fù)后15秒。17USBGND4u-bloxNEO-5[1]。ISO16750 中使用某些有害