2022年高考英語閱讀理解D深度解析全

2022年高考英語閱讀理解D深度解析(名校內(nèi)部資料)DAsweage,evenifwe'rehealthy,theheartjustisn'tasefficientinprocessingoxygenasitusedtobe.Inmostpeoplethefirstsignsshowupintheir50sorearly60s.Andamongpeoplewhodon’texercise,thechangescanstartevensooner.“Thinkofarubberband.Inthebeginning,itisflexible,butputitinadrawerfor20yearsanditwillbecomedryandeasilybroken,”saysDr.BenLevine,aheartspecialistattheUniversityofTexas.That'swhathappenstotheheart.Fortunatelyforthoseinmidlife,Levineisfindingthatevenifyouhaven'tbeenanenthusiasticexerciser,gettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.Levineandhisresearchteamselectedvolunteersagedbetween45and64whodidnotexercisemuchbutwereotherwisehealthy.Participantswererandomlydividedintotwogroups.Thefirstgroupparticipatedinaprogramofnonaerobic(無氧)exercise—balancetrainingandweighttraining—threetimesaweek.Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.Aftertwoyears,thesecondgroupsawremarkableimprovementsinhearthealth.“Wetookthese50-year-oldheartsandturnedtheclockbackto30-or35-year-oldhearts,”saysLevine.“Andthereasontheygotsomuchstrongerandfitterwasthattheirheartscouldnowfillalotbetterandpump(泵送)alotmorebloodduringexercise.”Buttheheartsofthosewhoparticipatedinlessintenseexercisedidn’tchange,hesays.“Thesweetspotinlifetostartexercising,ifyouhaven'talready,isinlatemiddleagewhentheheartstillhasflexibility,”Levinesays.“Weputhealthy70-year-oldsthroughayearlongexercisetrainingprogram,andnothinghappenedtothematall.”Dr.NiecaGoldberg,aspokeswomanfortheAmericanHeartAssociation,saysLevine’sfindingsareagreatstart.Butthestudywassmallandneedstoberepeatedwithfarlargergroupsofpeopletodetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.32.WhatdoesLevinewanttoexplainbymentioningtherubberband?A.Therightwayofexercising.B.Thecausesofaheartattack.C.Thedifficultyofkeepingfit.D.Theagingprocessoftheheart.33.Inwhichaspectwerethetwogroupsdifferentintermsofresearchdesign?A.Dietplan.B.Professionalbackground.C.Exercisetype.D.Previousphysicalcondition.34.WhatdoesLevine'sresearchfind?A.Middle-agedheartsgetyoungerwithaerobicexercise.B.High-intensityexerciseismoresuitablefortheyoung.C.Itisnevertoolateforpeopletostarttakingexercise.D.Themoreexercisewedothestrongerourheartsget.35.WhatdoesDr.NiecaGoldbergsuggest?A.Makinguseofthefindings.B.Interviewingthestudyparticipants.C.Conductingfurtherresearch.D.Clarifyingthepurposeofthestudy.參考答案：DCAC文章主旨：本文是一篇說明文。研究表明鍛煉能使我們的心臟變得強壯，而且最晚在中年后期開始鍛煉，效果更佳。答案解析：32.本題應(yīng)選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thinkofarubberband.Inthebeginning,itisflexible,butputitinadrawerfor20yearsanditwillbecomedryandeasilybroken,”saysDr.BenLevine,aheartspecialistattheUniversityofTexas.That’swhathappenstotheheart.“想象一下橡皮筋。一開始，它是靈活的，但把它放在抽屜里20年，它就會變得干燥，很容易斷，”德克薩斯大學(xué)的心臟專家本·萊文博士說。這就是心臟的變化。”由此可知，萊文提到橡皮筋的變化是為了解釋心臟老化的過程，因此應(yīng)選D。選項含義：A.正確的鍛煉方式。B.心臟病發(fā)作的原因。C.保持健康的困難。D.心臟的老化過程。33.本題應(yīng)選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的Thefirstgroupparticipatedinaprogramofnonaerobicexercise—balancetrainingandweighttraining—threetimesaweek.Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.第一組參加每周三次的非有氧運動--平衡訓(xùn)練和重量訓(xùn)練。第二組在教練的指導(dǎo)下每周進行四天或更多的高強度有氧運動。由此可知，在研究設(shè)計方面研究人員為兩組設(shè)計了不同類型的運動，因此應(yīng)選C。選項含義：A.飲食計劃。B.專業(yè)背景。C.鍛煉類型。D.以前的身體狀況。34.本題應(yīng)選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Thesecondgroupdidhigh-intensityaerobicexerciseundertheguidanceofatrainerforfourormoredaysaweek.Aftertwoyears,thesecondgroupsawremarkableimprovementsinhearthealth.第二組在教練的指導(dǎo)下每周進行四天或更多的高強度有氧運動。兩年后，第二組的心臟健康狀況有了顯著改善。和第四段的“Wetookthese50-year-oldheartsandturnedtheclockbackto30-or35-year-oldhearts,”saysLevine.萊文說:“我們把這些50歲的心臟轉(zhuǎn)回30或35歲的心臟?！庇纱丝芍?，萊文的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)通過有氧運動，中年人的心臟會變得更年輕，因此應(yīng)選A。選項含義：A.有氧運動使中年人的心臟更年輕。B.高強度運動更適合年輕人。C.人們開始鍛煉身體永遠(yuǎn)都不晚。D.我們運動得越多，心臟就越強壯。35.本題應(yīng)選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Butthestudywassmallandneedstoberepeatedwithfarlargergroupsofpeopletodetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.但這項研究的規(guī)模較小，需要在更大的人群中重復(fù)進行，以確定日常鍛煉的哪些方面會產(chǎn)生最大的影響。由此可知，Dr.NiecaGoldberg建議進行進一步的研究。因此應(yīng)選C。選項含義：A.利用調(diào)查結(jié)果。B.采訪研究參與者。C.進行進一步研究。D.闡明研究的目的。長難句分析：1.Fortunatelyforthoseinmidlife,Levineisfindingthatevenifyouhaven'tbeenanenthusiasticexerciser,gettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.句意：幸運的是，對于那些中年人來說，即使你不是一個熱情的運動者，現(xiàn)在健身可能有助于改善你老化的心臟。句式結(jié)構(gòu)：本句為主從復(fù)合句，主要結(jié)構(gòu)：Levineisfindingthat...，that引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，F(xiàn)ortunatelyforthoseinmidlife為狀語，賓語從句中g(shù)ettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.為主句，evenif引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。2.Butthestudywassmallandneedstoberepeatedwithfarlargergroupsofpeopletodetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.句意：但這項研究規(guī)模較小，需要在更大的人群中進行重復(fù)研究，以確定日常鍛煉的哪些方面會產(chǎn)生最大的影響。句式結(jié)構(gòu)：本句為主從復(fù)合句，主要結(jié)構(gòu)為：thestudywassmallandneedstoberepeated，句中todetermineexactlywhichaspectsofanexerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.作目的狀語，which引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。重難點詞匯：efficientadj.效率高的processv處理，加工n步驟，程序

oxygenn氧氣

flexibleadj

靈活的，柔韌的flexibilityn靈活性

specialistn專家，專科醫(yī)生participantn參與者

participatev參與

randomlyadv隨機地

guidancen指導(dǎo)aspect