托福閱讀-事實信息題課件

托福閱讀

----事實信息題托福閱讀

----事實信息題1事實信息題I.題型識別II.解題步驟III.正確選項特點IV.錯誤選項特點事實信息題I.題型識別2I.題型識別Accordingtoparagraph,whichofthefollowingistrueofX?Accordingtoparagraph,whydidXdoY?Accordingtoparagraph7,untiltheeighteenthcentury,itwastheprincipalfunctionofwhichofthefollowingto?Accordingtoparagraph6,merchantswereabletoavoidtheriskofcarryinglargeamountsofgoldandsilverby?I.題型識別Accordingtoparagraph,3II.解題步驟Step-1.定位（根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞縮小定位區(qū)間）Step-2.比較原文與選項（挑選答案，若題目較難則用排除法）II.解題步驟Step-1.定位Step-2.比較原文與選項4II.解題步驟Step-1:定位

Psychologicalresearchersgenerallyrecognizethatfacialexpressionsreflectemotionalstates.Infact,variousemotionalstatesgiverisetocertainpatternsofelectricalactivityinthefacialmusclesandinthebrain.Thefacial-feedbackhypothesisargues,however,thatthecausalrelationshipbetweenemotionsandfacialexpressionscanalsoworkintheoppositedirection.Accordingtothishypothesis,signalsfromthefacialmuscles("feedback)aresentbacktoemotioncentersofthebrain,andsoaperson'sfacialexpressioncaninfluencethatperson'semotionalstate.ConsiderDarwin'swords:"Thefreeexpressionbyoutwardsignsofanemotionintensifiesit.Ontheotherhand,therepression,asfaraspossible,ofalloutwardsignssoftensouremotions."Cansmilinggiverisetofeelingsofgoodwill,forexample,andfrowningtoanger?Accordingtotheparagraph3,whatdidDarwinbelievewouldhappentohumanemotionsthatwerenotexpressed?○Theywouldbecomelessintense.○Theywouldlastlongerthanusual.○Theywouldcauseproblemslater.○Theywouldbecomemorenegative

Step-1.定位:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞縮小定位區(qū)間。II.解題步驟Step-1:定位According5II.解題步驟Step-2:比較原文與選項

ConsiderDarwin'swords:"Thefreeexpressionbyoutwardsignsofanemotionintensifiesit.Ontheotherhand,therepression,asfaraspossible,ofalloutwardsignssoftensouremotions."Cansmilinggiverisetofeelingsofgoodwill,forexample,andfrowningtoanger?Accordingtotheparagraph3,whatdidDarwinbelievewouldhappentohumanemotionsthatwerenotexpressed?○Theywouldbecomelessintense.○Theywouldlastlongerthanusual.○Theywouldcauseproblemslater.○Theywouldbecomemorenegative

Step-2.比較原文與選項：挑選答案，若題目較難則用排除法。II.解題步驟Step-2:比較原文與選項Accor6II.解題步驟Step-2:比較原文與選項

ConsiderDarwin'swords:"Thefreeexpressionbyoutwardsignsofanemotionintensifiesit.Ontheotherhand,therepression,asfaraspossible,ofalloutwardsignssoftensouremotions."Cansmilinggiverisetofeelingsofgoodwill,forexample,andfrowningtoanger?Accordingtotheparagraph3,whatdidDarwinbelievewouldhappentohumanemotionsthatwerenotexpressed?○Theywouldbecomelessintense.○Theywouldlastlongerthanusual.○Theywouldcauseproblemslater.○Theywouldbecomemorenegative

Step-2.比較原文與選項：挑選答案，若題目較難則用排除法。II.解題步驟Step-2:比較原文與選項Accor7II.解題步驟總結(jié)Step-1.小定位：a.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞縮小定位區(qū)間。Step-2.比較原文與選項：挑選答案，若題目較難則用排除法。II.解題步驟總結(jié)8II.解題步驟-例題

Paragraph2：ThefunctionandstatusofceramicsinChinavariedfromdynastytodynasty,sotheymaybeutilitarian,burial,trade-collectors',orevenritualobjects,accordingtotheirqualityandtheerainwhichtheyweremade.Theceramicsfallintothreebroadtypes—earthenware,stoneware,andporcelain—forvessels,architecturalitemssuchasrooftiles,andmodeledobjectsandfigures.Inaddition,therewasanimportantgroupofsculpturesmadeforreligioususe,themajorityofwhichwereproducedinearthenware.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofChineseceramics?○Thefunctionofceramicsremainedthesamefromdynastytodynasty.○Theuseofceramicsastradeobjectsisbetterdocumentedthantheuseofceramicsasritualobjects.○Therewaslittlevariationinqualityforanytypeofceramicsovertime.○Somereligioussculpturesweremadeusingtheearthenwaretypeofceramics.II.解題步驟-例題Paragraph2：Thefun9II.解題步驟Step-1:定位

Paragraph2：ThefunctionandstatusofceramicsinChinavariedfromdynastytodynasty,sotheymaybeutilitarian,burial,trade-collectors',orevenritualobjects,accordingtotheirqualityandtheerainwhichtheyweremade.Theceramicsfallintothreebroadtypes—earthenware,stoneware,andporcelain—forvessels,architecturalitemssuchasrooftiles,andmodeledobjectsandfigures.Inaddition,therewasanimportantgroupofsculpturesmadeforreligioususe,themajorityofwhichwereproducedinearthenware.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofChineseceramics?○Thefunctionofceramicsremainedthesamefromdynastytodynasty.○Theuseofceramicsastradeobjectsisbetterdocumentedthantheuseofceramicsasritualobjects.○Therewaslittlevariationinqualityforanytypeofceramicsovertime.○Somereligioussculpturesweremadeusingtheearthenwaretypeofceramics.Step-1.定位:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞縮小定位區(qū)間。II.解題步驟Step-1:定位Paragraph2：T10II.解題步驟Step-1:定位

Paragraph2：ThefunctionandstatusofceramicsinChinavariedfromdynastytodynasty,sotheymaybeutilitarian,burial,trade-collectors',orevenritualobjects,accordingtotheirqualityandtheerainwhichtheyweremade.Theceramicsfallintothreebroadtypes—earthenware,stoneware,andporcelain—forvessels,architecturalitemssuchasrooftiles,andmodeledobjectsandfigures.Inaddition,therewasanimportantgroupofsculpturesmadeforreligioususe,themajorityofwhichwereproducedinearthenware.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofChineseceramics?○Thefunctionofceramicsremainedthesamefromdynastytodynasty.○Theuseofceramicsastradeobjectsisbetterdocumentedthantheuseofceramicsasritualobjects.○Therewaslittlevariationinqualityforanytypeofceramicsovertime.○Somereligioussculpturesweremadeusingtheearthenwaretypeofceramics.Step-1.定位:根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞縮小定位區(qū)間。II.解題步驟Step-1:定位Paragraph2：T11II.解題步驟Step-2:比較原文與選項

Paragraph2：ThefunctionandstatusofceramicsinChinavariedfromdynastytodynasty,sotheymaybeutilitarian,burial,trade-collectors',orevenritualobjects,accordingtotheirqualityandtheerainwhichtheyweremade.Theceramicsfallintothreebroadtypes—earthenware,stoneware,andporcelain—forvessels,architecturalitemssuchasrooftiles,andmodeledobjectsandfigures.Inaddition,therewasanimportantgroupofsculpturesmadeforreligioususe,themajorityofwhichwereproducedinearthenware.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofChineseceramics?○Thefunctionofceramicsremainedthesamefromdynastytodynasty.○Theuseofceramicsastradeobjectsisbetterdocumentedthantheuseofceramicsasritualobjects.○Therewaslittlevariationinqualityforanytypeofceramicsovertime.○Somereligioussculpturesweremadeusingtheearthenwaretypeofceramics.Step-2.比較原文與選項：挑選答案，若題目較難則用排除法。II.解題步驟Step-2:比較原文與選項Paragrap12II.解題步驟

例題In1820underanewlandlaw,afarmcouldbeboughtfor$100.Thecontinuedproliferationofbanksmadeiteasierforthosewithoutcashtonegotiateloansinpapermoney.WesternFarmersborrowedwiththeconfidentexpectationthattheexpandingeconomywouldkeepfarmpriceshigh,thusmakingiteasytorepayloanswhentheyfelldue.Accordingtoparagraph3,whatwasthesignificanceofthelandlawpassedin1820?（）0Itgrantedgovernment-supportedloanstofarmers.0Itprovidedfarmlandatanaffordableprice.0Itrequiredbankstoofferloanstofarmers.0Itenabledfarmerstoselltheirlandforaprofit.II.解題步驟例題In1820underanew13II.例題比較Transportationwasbecominglessofaproblemforthosewhowishedtomovewestandforthosewhohandfarmsurplusestosendtomarket.Priorto1815,westernfarmerswhodidnotliveonnavigablewaterwayswereconnectedtothemonlybydirtroadsandmountaintrails.Livestockcouldbedrivenacrossthemountains,butthecostoftransportingbulkygrainsinthisfashionwasseveraltimesgreaterthantheirvalueineasternmarkets.Thefirststeptowardanimprovementofwesterntransportationwastheconstructionofturnpikes.Theseroadsmadepossibleareductionintransportationcostsandthusstimulatedthecommercializationofagriculturealongtheirroutes.

8.Paragraph4suggeststhatturnpikesaffectedfarmersby（）makingthepriceofgrainuniformforbotheasternandwesternfarmersmakingwesternfarmproductsmoreprofitablethaneasternfarmproductsallowingfarmerstodrivetheirlivestockacrossmountaintrailsallowingagreaternumberoffarmerstoselltheirfarmproductsinacommercialmarketII.例題比較Transportationwasbeco14II.例題比較Transportationwasbecominglessofaproblemforthosewhowishedtomovewestandforthosewhohandfarmsurplusestosendtomarket.Priorto1815,westernfarmerswhodidnotliveonnavigablewaterwayswereconnectedtothemonlybydirtroadsandmountaintrails.Livestockcouldbedrivenacrossthemountains,butthecostoftransportingbulkygrainsinthisfashionwasseveraltimesgreaterthantheirvalueineasternmarkets.Thefirststeptowardanimprovementofwesterntransportationwastheconstructionofturnpikes.Theseroadsmadepossibleareductionintransportationcostsandthusstimulatedthecommercializationofagriculturealongtheirroutes.

8.Paragraph4suggeststhatturnpikesaffectedfarmersby（）0makingthepriceofgrainuniformforbotheasternandwesternfarmers0makingwesternfarmproductsmoreprofitablethaneasternfarmproducts0allowingfarmerstodrivetheirlivestockacrossmountaintrails0allowingagreaternumberoffarmerstoselltheirfarmproductsinacommercialmarketII.例題比較Transportationwasbeco15II.解題步驟總結(jié)Step-1.小定位：b.若題干無法精確定位，可從大定位區(qū)間第一句話開始讀，每讀一至兩句話，看一遍選項進(jìn)行排除）Step-2.比較原文與選項：挑選答案，若題目較難則用排除法。II.解題步驟總結(jié)16III.正確選項特點(1)所考段落內(nèi)闡明的信息(2)該信息的同義改寫III.正確選項特點(1)所考段落內(nèi)闡明的信息17III.正確選項特點1&2

ConsiderDarwin'swords:"Thefreeexpressionbyoutwardsignsofanemotionintensifiesit.Ontheotherhand,therepression,asfaraspossible,ofalloutwardsignssoftensouremotions."Cansmilinggiverisetofeelingsofgoodwill,forexample,andfrowningtoanger?Accordingtotheparagraph3,whatdidDarwinbelievewouldhappentohumanemotionsthatwerenotexpressed?○Theywouldbecomelessintense.○Theywouldlastlongerthanusual.○Theywouldcauseproblemslater.○Theywouldbecomemorenegative

正確選項特點1&2：所考段落內(nèi)闡明的信息及該信息的同義改寫III.正確選項特點1&2Accordingto18IV.錯誤選項特點(1)無：原文未提及(2)反：與原文矛盾(3)混：從上下文找一些詞與考點區(qū)間的詞混一起組成新意思(4)極端詞：never,all,alwaysnone,completely,most（例外：極端詞之前出現(xiàn)否定或原文考點區(qū)間出現(xiàn)極端詞）

(5)虛假比較:比較的選項（less/more/betterthan)常被設(shè)為錯誤選項

IV.錯誤選項特點(1)無：原文未提及19IV.錯誤選項特點

Paragraph2：ThefunctionandstatusofceramicsinChinavariedfromdynastytodynasty,sotheymaybeutilitarian,burial,trade-collectors',orevenritualobjects,accordingtotheirqualityandtheerainwhichtheyweremade.Theceramicsfallintothreebroadtypes—earthenware,stoneware,andporcelain—forvessels,architecturalitemssuchasrooftiles,andmodeledobjectsandfigures.Inaddition,therewasanimportantgroupofsculpturesmadeforreligioususe,themajorityofwhichwereproducedinearthenware.Accordingtoparagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofChineseceramics?○Thefunctionofceramicsremainedthesamefromdynastytodynasty.○Theuseofceramicsastradeobjectsisbetterdocumentedthantheuseofceramicsasritualobjects.○Therewaslittlevariationinqualityforanytypeofceramicsovertime.○Somereligioussculpturesweremadeusingtheearthenwaretypeofceramics.IV.錯誤選項特點Paragraph2：Thefunc20IV.錯誤選項特點

Paragraph2：ThefunctionandstatusofceramicsinChinavariedfromdynastytodynasty,sotheymaybeutilitarian,burial,trade-collectors',orevenritualobjects,accordingtotheirqualityandtheerainwhichtheyweremade.Theceramicsfallintothre