遼寧省高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷帶答案解析

第頁(yè)遼寧省高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷(帶答案解析）（滿分：150分；考試時(shí)間：120分鐘）學(xué)校:___________班級(jí)：___________姓名：___________考號(hào)：___________一、閱讀理解HowtotakethetraininSwitzerlandIfyou’retakingthetraininSwitzerland,yourfirststopshouldbetheSwissFederalRailways(SBB)website.Exceptforafewscenicroutes,SBBrunsallthelocal,commuter(通勤)trains,andhigh-speedtrainsinthecountry.TypesR,RE,andIRarelocaltrainsthatareslower,cheaper,andstopatallormoststationsbetweentwomajorcenters.ICtrainsarefasttrainsthatconnectmajorcitiesbutdonotstopatsmallertownsalongtheway.SorS-Bahntrainsarecommutertrainsthatconnectcitiesandsuburbs.IfyoumissanStrain,there’susuallyanotheronecomingsoonafter.FacilitiesEachtrainseatorgroupofseatsisfittedwithanelectricaloutletandmayhaveaUSBcharger.Intercitytrainsmayhaverestaurantswithtablesideservice,orbarsofferingdrinksandlightsnacks,includinghotitems.Intercitytrainshaveafamilycoachasthefirstorlastcar—it’sakid-friendlycoachwithgamesandasoftplayarea.TheSwissTravelPassTheSBBwebsitesellsone-wayorround-tripticketsbetweenSwisscitiesandothercitiesinEurope.Italsosellsatravelpassthattypicallyallowsaccesstoseveraltouristicsites.ThepassisavailableonlytovisitorsfromoutsideSwitzerland.PricesfortheSwissTravelPassThree-daypassCHF232Four-daypassCHF281Eight-daypassCHF418Fifteen-daypassCHF513Notes:●PricesareshowninSwissFrancs(CHF).●Childrenupto16yearsoldtravelfreewithaparent.1．WhatisthefeatureofSorS-Bahntrains?A．Runningfrequently. B．Servingvisitorsonly.C．Stoppingatallstations. D．Connectingmajorcities.2．Whatcanpassengersdoonintercitytrains?A．EnjoyfreeInternetaccess. B．Playgameswithkids.C．Makedeliciousfood. D．Watchliveshows.3．Howmuchshouldacouplewitha10-year-oldkidpayfortheirfour-daytravelpasses?A．CHF281. B．CHF464. C．CHF562. D．CHF843.Mosquitobitesareunavoidableinsummer—oristhatso?Scientistsrecentlyfoundthatmosquitoesaremoreattractedtosomecolorsthanothers,whichcouldpossiblyproveusefultothosetryingtoavoidtheannoyingbites.ThestudyfoundthatafteracommontypeofmosquitoessmelledCO2thegashumansbreatheout—theydecidedtolandonsomecoloreddots(色點(diǎn))butignoredothers.“Imagineyou’reonasidewalkandyousmelltoasty,”theleadresearchersaidinapressreleaseannouncingthestudy’sfindings.“That’sprobablyasignthatthere’sabakerynearbyandyoumightstartlookingaroundforit.Here,westartedtolearnwhatvisualelementsthatmosquitoesarelookingforaftersmellingtheirownversionofabakery.”Theresearchteamputdifferentcoloreddotsatthebottomofaboxandsprayed(噴灑)themwithCO2.Theyfoundthatmosquitoesweredrawnmosttored,orangeandblack.Theyalsofoundthatmosquitoesignoredgreen,blueandwhite.Whenaresearcherreachedhishandintotheboxwearingagreenglove,mosquitoesignoredit,evenwhenitwassprayedwithCO2.Unfortunately,avoidingmosquitoesisn’taseasyaschoosingtherightcolorofclothes.Humanskindeliversavividred-orange“signal”tomosquitoes,theresearcherssaid,makingithardtohidecompletely“Wepreviouslydiscoveredtherearethreemajorhintsthatattractmosquitoes:yourbreath,yoursweatandthetemperatureofyourskin,”theleadresearchersaid.“Nowwehavefoundafourthhint:thecolorred,whichcannotonlybefoundonyourclothes,butisalsofoundineveryone’sskin.Theshadeofyourskindoesn’tmatter.Weareallgivingoffastrongredfeature.”Whiletheresearchfoundthatthemosquitoesappearedtoprefercertaincolors,itdidnotmeasurewhetherwearingcolorslikegreenorbluewouldhelpkeepawayfromthemosquitoes.Theresearchershopethattheirfindingscanhelpfindothermethodstodrivebackthebitinginsects.4．WhydidtheresearchersspraythedotswithCO2?A．Itdrivesmosquitoesaway.B．Itisattractivetomosquitoes.C．Itpreventsmosquitoesfindingtargets.D．It’sapracticalmaterialtocatchmosquitoes.5．Whichofthefollowingcolorscausestheleastattentionfrommosquitoes?A．Red. B．Black C．Orange. D．Blue.6．Whatdoesparagraph6focuson?A．Thefeaturesofhumanskin.B．Factorsthatattractmosquitoes.C．Whatelementsmosquitoesignore.D．Howtochoosethecolorofclothes.7．Whatmaybethehopefulresultofthestudy?A．Mosquitoeswilldisappearsomeday.B．Mostpeoplewillwearcolorfulclothes.C．Thesurvivalrateofmosquitoeswillbeaffected.D．Morewayswillbefoundtokeepmosquitoesoff.Sportscanhelpyoukeepfitandgetintouchwithnature.However,whetheryouareonthemountains,inthewaves,oronthegrassland,youshouldbeawarethatyoursportofchoicemighthavegreatinfluenceontheenvironment.Somesportsareresource-hungry.Golf,asyoumayknow,eatsupnotonlylargeareasofcountryside,butalsotonsofwater.Besides,allsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses(球場(chǎng))ingoodcondition.Thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects.Forexample,inthedryregionsofPortugalandSpain,golfisoftenheldresponsibleforseriouswatershortageinsomelocalareas.Therearemanyenvironment-friendlysports.Powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday.Youdon’tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes;andyoudon’thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpurse.Simpleandfree,powerwalkingcanalsokeepyoufit.Ifyouwalkregularly,itwillbegoodforyourheartandbones.Expertssaythat20minutesofpowerwalkingdailycanmakeyoufeellessanxious,sleepwellandhavebetterweightcontrol.Whateversportyoutakeup,youcanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment-friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials.Butthefinalgoalshouldbe“greengyms”.Theyarebetterreplacements(代替物)fortraditionalhealthclubsandmodernsportscenters.Membersofgreengymsplaysportsoutdoors,inthecountrysideorotheropenspaces.Thereisnospecialrequirementforyoutostartyourmembership.Andbestofall,it’sfree.8．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordsinparagraph2?A．resource-consuming B．resource-developingC．resource-protecting D．resource-controlling9．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofpowerwalkingaccordingtothepassage?A．Itisenvironmentally-friendly. B．Itimprovesourhealth.C．Itissimpleandfree. D．Itcanmakeyouputonweight.10．Whichsportisthewritermostlikelytoadviseustodo?A．Playingbasketballinagym. B．Motorracinginthedesert.C．Cyclingaroundalake. D．Swimminginasportscenter.11．Whatisthemainpurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Toshowussomemajoroutdoorsports.B．Toencourageustogoinforgreensports.C．Todiscusstheinfluenceofsomepopularsports.D．Tointroducesomeenvironmentally-friendlysports.Aseven-wordsentencewasdiscoveredona3,700-year-oldcomb(梳子),whichislikelytheoldestknownsentencewritteninletters,accordingtoanewstudy.ThesentenceisinCanaanite(迦南語(yǔ)),whichisthesource(來(lái)源)oflaterlettersystemsinEuropeanlanguages.Thecombwasfirstdiscoveredin2016inIsraeli.However,itwasn’tuntil2021thataresearcherfromtheHebrewUniversityofJerusalemfirstnoticedthewordswhencheckingthephotoofthecomb.Theresearcherswerenotabletodirectlydatethecomb.Theybelieveditdatedfromaround1700BCbasedoncomparisonoftheletterswiththoseonpottery(陶器)withaknownage.Garfinkel,aprofessorattheHebrewUniversityofJerusalem,said,“TheCanaanitesinventedtheletters.Nowadayseverypersonintheworldcanreadandwriteusingthelettersystem.Thisisreallyoneofthemostimportantachievementsofhumankind.WhenyouarewritinginEnglish,you’rereallyusingCanaanite.”SmallgroupsofCanaanitelettersdiscoveredonbrokenpiecesofpotterybeforedidnotleavemuchroomforfurtherresearchonthelivesoftheCanaanites.Butthisfindofasentencewritteninthefirstletter-basedlanguageopensupthedebateaboutthehistoryduringtheancienttimeperiod.Garfinkelsaid,“Thesentencewasfoundonanivorycombintheancientcity’spalaceandtemplearea,whichcouldsuggestthatonlywealthymenwereabletoreadandwrite.”Theearliestwritingsystemstartedaround5,000yearsago,whichreliedonhundredsofpictographs(象形文字)torepresentwords,ideasandsounds.Canaaniteswerethefirsttouselettersintheirwritingsystem.“Itshowsthateveninthemostancienttimestherewerefullsentences,whichfurthersuggeststhatCanaanitesstoodoutamongtheearlycivilizationsintheiruseofthewrittenword.”12．WhatdoweknowaboutCanaanite?A．Ithasahistoryof3,700years. B．Itistheoldestknownlanguage.C．Itssentencesareinmanylanguages. D．Itslettersarestillinuseatpresent.13．HowwasthecompletesentenceinCanaanitefound?A．Itwasdiscoveredonsomepottery. B．Itwasidentifiedonacombin2016.C．Itwasrecognizedwhendatingthecomb. D．Itwasrecognizedonaphotoofthecomb.14．Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyfocuson?A．TheinfluenceofCanaaniteletters.B．TherulesofusingCanaaniteletters.C．TheprobleminidentifyingtheCanaanitesentence.D．TheexplanationofthediscoveredCanaanitesentence.15．WhatdoesGarfinkelthinkofthenewdiscoveryinthelastparagraph?A．Useless. B．Meaningful. C．Confusing. D．Unacceptable.二、七選五Maybeyourdaysarealwaysbusy.Betweenwork,caringforkidsandhandlingthehousework,it’shardtofindtimetorelax.Whenyougetintobed,youfindyourselfpickingupyourphoneandjustscrolling(滾屏).16Thisbehaviouriscalled“revengebedtimeprocrastination(報(bào)復(fù)性睡前拖延癥)”.Itcomesfromaphrasethatdescribesthehabitsofworkerswhoputoffsleeptohavefreeactivitiesasawaytomakeupforlongworkdays.17Notgettingenoughrestaffectsthewayyouwillfunctionatworkandatschoolthenextday.Inthelongterm,ithasharmfuleffectsonhealth.Herearesomewaystobreakthecycleofbedtimeprocrastination.Getoutofbedanddosomething.Getupandfinishthatthingforwork.Orwalkaroundthehouseandwashdishes-whateverwillsettleyourmind.18Thenyoucouldgobacktobedandfallasleepjustfine.19Minimizinghowmuchlightgetsintothebedroompromotessleep.Considersettingupblackoutcurtains(遮光簾)orroom-darkeningshades.Coolertemperaturescanalsohelpsleepbetter.Ifyoudon’twanttoruntheairconditionerorafanallnight,tryrethinkingwhatyouweartobed.Makeabedtimeroutineandsticktoit.Takeabath,changeintopajamas(睡衣)andcurlup(蜷曲著坐)withabookbeforeturningoutthelights.Abedtimeroutinehelpsyoungchildrenrelaxbeforebed.Itworksjustaswellforadults.20A．Butthebehaviourcomesataprice.B．Createagoodsleepenvironment.C．Decorateyourroomaccordingtoyourneeds.D．Atmosttimes,youwillgetreallysleepy.E．Themoreyoucancreateregularityaroundsleep,thebetterit’sforyou.F．Youmakeeveryefforttocontrolyourowntime,butinvain.G．Youstayuppastyourbedtime,despitebeingtiredandknowingyou’dbettergotosleep.三、完形填空“IjustdidwhatIshoulddo.”DingHui,afemaleChinese21studentwhowontheheartsofnetizensaftera22ofherperformingCPR(心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù))onan23strangerwentviralonline,reactedtotheoverwhelmingsupportonsocialmedia24inaninterviewwithXinhuanet.ThecollegesophomoreatJinzhouMedicalUniversitywaswaitingforher25homeattheJinzhouSouthRailwayStationinnortheasternChina’sLiaoningProvince,whenan81-year-oldman26ontheplatformshortlyafterhe27thetrain.Sherushedtothe28oftheelderlymanwhensheheardabouttheincidentandperformedCPRonhim,whichhelpedthemangraduallyregain29.Shealsostayedwiththemanatthescene,untilmedicsarrived,eventhoughitmeantshehadtomisshertrainheadinghome.Tothankher,thesonoftheelderlyman30togiveher2,000Yuan(About300USDollar),butDing31.“Ifitweren’tforher,mydadwouldhavebeen32.Shewouldn’tacceptthemoneyandwouldn’tleaveher33.Weonlyfoundheragainwhenthevideowaspostedonline.”Thesonsaid.Thevideoofthegirl’scourageousactofkindnesswaspostedonCCTVNewsand34bynearly4,000netizensandcommentedonbyover5,900peopleonWeibo.Peopleare35theirsupportinforthemedicalstudent’scourageforstandingupforastranger’slife,applaudingthatthegirlnotonlyisbeautifulbutkind.21．A．biological B．physical C．medical D．chemical22．A．video B．poster C．picture D．painting23．A．a(chǎn)ged B．unripe C．a(chǎn)dolescent D．innocent24．A．obviously B．proudly C．humorously D．humbly25．A．flight B．subway C．train D．coach26．A．collapsed B．posed C．cheered D．trembled27．A．steppedonto B．gotoff C．raninto D．waitedfor28．A．defence B．a(chǎn)id C．hotel D．hospital29．A．strength B．courage C．confidence D．consciousness30．A．refused B．hesitated C．offered D．managed31．A．a(chǎn)ccepted B．a(chǎn)greed C．complained D．declined32．A．gone B．upset C．ill D．well33．A．money B．name C．purse D．ticket34．A．written B．deleted C．collected D．shared35．A．moving B．taking C．pouring D．a(chǎn)bsorbing四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DozensofcitieslinetheGrandCanal.TheYangzhousectionisverycomplex.Yangzhouhasanetworkofwaterways,where36（course）builtindifferentdynastiesmeetwithnaturalwaters.OneofthegreatestvaluesofYangzhou'ssectionofthecanal37（be）thatithasanaccuratehistoricalrecord.Ithasalong-termimpact38economicandculturalexchangesbetweennorthandsouth.Thesewouldn'thavebeenpossible,otherwise.Italsosetanexampleforcanal39（construct）acrossChina,leadingtothefinalBeijing-HangzhouGrandCanal,

40connectsthechannelsbuiltindifferentperiods.Thecanal41（bring）economicprosperity（繁榮,興旺）andculturalprogresstothecity.Yangzhouwas,therefore,hometomanysaltmerchants,whobuiltChinesegardensthatremaintothisday.Thecanalwasbuiltforthecity'seconomic,culturalandsocialdevelopment.Anddevelopment,inturn,requiredcanalswith42（high）transportcapacity.AndthishistorywasshownattheYangzhouChinaGrandCanalMuseum,

43（schedule）toopeninJuly.TheGrandCanal'sYangzhousectionhostsrichculturalheritage44remainsoneofthemostactivepartsoftheGrandCanal.Thecitywasbornwiththecanal,sothecultureofYangzhouandthewaterwayare45（actual）oneandthesame.五、申請(qǐng)信46．假定你是李華，你校國(guó)際部打算舉辦“教外國(guó)學(xué)生下中國(guó)象棋（Chinesechess）”的活動(dòng)，現(xiàn)正在招募志愿者。你有意向成為志愿者，請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫一封申請(qǐng)信，內(nèi)容包括：1.寫信目的；2.你的優(yōu)勢(shì)；3.期待同意申請(qǐng)。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearSir/Madam,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Your,LiHua六、讀后續(xù)寫47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TheM1highwaywascloseddowninbothdirectionsduetoflooding,leavingthousandsofvehiclesstuckonthespot.Severalhundredhadbeenstuckforatleast30hourssincetheroadwascutatabout7.30amonMonday.Unluckily,Iwasoneofthepeoplewhowerewaitingforhelp.Therearealmost100vehiclestrappedontheroadabout800meterslong.Andonebenefitwasthattherewasashortroadtunnel(隧道)thathadprovidedshelterfromthepouringrainaswellassomelightingafternightfall.Sohowpeoplehavefeltdependedonhowwelltheystoredfood.Iwastotallyintroublebecauseoflackingfood.IheardsomeoneknockingonmywindowwhileIwasworryingaboutmysituation.Aman,whowasdrivingatruckfullofraw(生的)chickenleavingfordowntown,openedhistruck’sdoorandsharedthechickenaroundbydinnertimeonMonday.Thiswasathrivingcommunityofsharedresourcesandresourcefulness,wherethetruckdriverdishedoutfoodthathadbeenorderedforsupermarkets.Andothershelpedtocooktherawchickenbythetoolwhichwerefoundintheircars.Itookthechickenfromthetruckdriverand,afterexpressingmythanks,Ilostinthought:howdoIcookthischicken?JustasIwaslookingaroundinconfusion,agirlnotfarawaywavedtome,“Comeoverhere,wehavecookedmeat.”“No,thanks,”Irepliedcasually.ButIwassohungrythatIcouldn’thelpbutwalkovertoherwiththechicken.Shetookthechickenfrommyhand,cleaneditandputitonthegrill(燒烤架).Iwasimpressedbyhermasterfulway.Afterawhile,somemeatwascookedandItookthemeatshehandedtome.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。AsIgotthehotchicken,Iwasfilledwithgratitude._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IcarefullywrotedownthephonenumberofCatherine,thegirlwhohadhelpedmesomuchduringthewait._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1．A2．B3．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了乘坐瑞士火車的基本信息。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Types部分“IfyoumissanStrain,there’susuallyanotheronecomingsoonafter.(如果你錯(cuò)過(guò)了S線列車，通常很快就會(huì)有另一趟)”可知，S或S-Babn列車的運(yùn)營(yíng)頻繁。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Facilities部分“Intercitytrainshaveafamilycoachasthefirstorlastcar—it’sakid-friendlycoachwithgamesandasoftplayarea.(城際列車的第一節(jié)或最后一節(jié)車廂都有家庭車廂——這是一種適合孩子的車廂，有游戲和柔軟的游樂區(qū))”可知，乘客在城際列車上可以與孩子一起玩游戲。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PricesfortheSwissTravelPass表格中的Four-daypass對(duì)應(yīng)的CHF281以及“●Childrenupto16yearsoldtravelfreewithaparent.(●16歲以下兒童可與家長(zhǎng)免費(fèi)旅行)”可知，一對(duì)夫婦購(gòu)買4天旅游通行票共需花281×2=562法郎，10歲孩子免費(fèi)。故選C。4．B5．D6．B7．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了研究人員通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)蚊子偏愛某些顏色，并以此探索驅(qū)散蚊子的辦法。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThestudyfoundthatafteracommontypeofmosquitoessmelledCO2thegashumansbreatheout—theydecidedtolandonsomecoloreddots(色點(diǎn))butignoredothers.”（研究發(fā)現(xiàn)一種常見的蚊子在聞到人類呼出的二氧化碳的氣味后，它們停留在一些色點(diǎn)上，而忽視了其他色點(diǎn)。）及第三段研究人員做的比喻“Here,westartedtolearnwhatvisualelementsthatmosquitoesarelookingforaftersmellingtheirownversionofabakery.”（現(xiàn)在，我們開始研究在蚊子聞到它們喜歡的烘焙食品的味道后會(huì)尋找什么視覺線索。）可知，對(duì)蚊子而言，人類呼出的二氧化碳就像是香甜的面包，會(huì)吸引它們。故選B項(xiàng)。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第三句“Theyalsofoundthatmosquitoesignoredgreen,blueandwhite.”（他們也發(fā)現(xiàn)蚊子會(huì)忽視綠色，藍(lán)色和白色的色點(diǎn)。）可知，這三種顏色無(wú)法引起蚊子的關(guān)注。故選D項(xiàng)。6．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第六段第一句“Wepreviouslydiscoveredtherearethreemajorhintsthatattractmosquitoes:yourbreath,yoursweatandthetemperatureofyourskin”（我們之前發(fā)現(xiàn)吸引蚊子的三種因素，即你的呼吸，汗水及皮膚溫度。）及第二句“Nowwehavefoundafourthhint:thecolorred,whichcannotonlybefoundonyourclothes,butisalsofoundineveryone’sskin.”（現(xiàn)在我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了第四種就是紅色，它不僅指你衣服上的紅色，也存在于每個(gè)人的皮膚中。）可知，本段主要說(shuō)明了四種吸引蚊子的因素。故選B項(xiàng)。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段最后一句“Theresearchershopethattheirfindingscanhelpfindothermethodstodrivebackthebitinginsects.”（研究人員希望他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于探索其他驅(qū)散這種咬人昆蟲的方法。）可知，該研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于探索更多的方法驅(qū)散蚊子。故選D項(xiàng)。8．A9．D10．C11．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。運(yùn)動(dòng)可以讓人們接觸大自然，讓人們保持健康，但是有些運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目并不環(huán)保。作者通過(guò)對(duì)比一些資源耗費(fèi)較多的運(yùn)動(dòng)如高爾夫，和一些不怎么耗費(fèi)資源的運(yùn)動(dòng)如powerwalk，旨在提倡戶外不需要特別設(shè)備并且免費(fèi)的綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)。8．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句“Somesportsareresource-hungry.Golf,asyoumayknow,eatsupnotonlylargeareasofcountryside,butalsotonsofwater.Besides,allsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses(球場(chǎng))ingoodcondition.(一些運(yùn)動(dòng)resource-hungry。如你所知，高爾夫不僅占據(jù)了大片農(nóng)村地區(qū)，還消耗了大量的水。此外，各種各樣的化學(xué)物質(zhì)和大量的能源被用來(lái)保持球場(chǎng)的良好狀態(tài)。)”可知golf是一項(xiàng)耗費(fèi)大量資源的運(yùn)動(dòng)，所以“Somesportsareresource-hungry.”中的resource-hungry意思是“耗費(fèi)大量資源的”，與A選項(xiàng)“resource-consuming(消耗資源的)”意義一致，故選A。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句到段末“Youdon’tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes;andyoudon’thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpurse.Simpleandfree,powerwalkingcanalsokeepyoufit.Ifyouwalkregularly,itwillbegoodforyourheartandbones.Expertssaythat20minutesofpowerwalkingdailycanmakeyoufeellessanxious,sleepwellandhavebetterweightcontrol.(除了一雙好鞋，你不需要任何特殊的裝備；而且你不需要擔(dān)心資源和你的錢包。簡(jiǎn)單而自由，健步走也能讓你保持健康。如果你經(jīng)常走路，對(duì)你的心臟和骨骼都有好處。專家說(shuō)，每天20分鐘的健步走可以讓你感覺不那么焦慮，睡得更好，還能更好地控制體重。)”可知powerwalking是一項(xiàng)環(huán)保的運(yùn)動(dòng)，簡(jiǎn)單自由，促進(jìn)健康并且能控制體重，所以D選項(xiàng)“Itcanmakeyouputonweight.(它會(huì)讓你變胖。)”不是powerwalking的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選D。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Whateversportyoutakeup,youcanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment-friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials.(無(wú)論你從事什么運(yùn)動(dòng)，你都可以通過(guò)使用環(huán)保設(shè)備和購(gòu)買由回收材料制成的產(chǎn)品來(lái)讓它更環(huán)保。)”以及最后三句“Membersofgreengymsplaysportsoutdoors,inthecountrysideorotheropenspaces.Thereisnospecialrequirementforyoutostartyourmembership.Andbestofall,it’sfree.(綠色健身房的成員在戶外、鄉(xiāng)村或其他開放空間進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)。開始成為會(huì)員沒有特別的要求。最重要的是，它是免費(fèi)的。)”可知作者建議我們要從事戶外的不需要特別設(shè)備并且免費(fèi)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。所以C項(xiàng)“Cyclingaroundalake.(環(huán)湖騎自行車)”耗費(fèi)能源最少，屬于綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)，故判斷出作者最有可能支持的是C選項(xiàng)。故選C。11．推理判斷題。文章第一段“Sportscanhelpyoukeepfitandgetintouchwithnature.However,whetheryouareonthemountains,inthewaves,oronthegrassland,youshouldbeawarethatyoursportofchoicemighthavegreatinfluenceontheenvironment.(運(yùn)動(dòng)可以幫助你保持健康，接觸大自然。然而，無(wú)論你是在山上，在海浪中，還是在草原上，你都應(yīng)該意識(shí)到你選擇的運(yùn)動(dòng)可能會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生很大的影響。)”作者提醒讀者有些運(yùn)動(dòng)可能會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境有很大影響，第二、三段簡(jiǎn)述了資源耗費(fèi)較多的運(yùn)動(dòng)比如高爾夫，也列舉了一些不怎么耗費(fèi)資源的運(yùn)動(dòng)如powerwalking,通過(guò)對(duì)比來(lái)介紹綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處并鼓勵(lì)我們參與到綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)中來(lái)，所以作者寫這篇文章的目的是鼓勵(lì)我們從事綠色運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選B。12．D13．D14．A15．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文?？茖W(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一把約3700年前的梳子，上面寫著由七個(gè)單詞組成的迦南語(yǔ)句子。這是迄今為止發(fā)現(xiàn)的最古老的關(guān)于使用迦南語(yǔ)字母的證明。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“ThesentenceisinCanaanite(迦南語(yǔ)),whichisthesource(來(lái)源)oflaterlettersystemsinEuropeanlanguages.(這句話是用迦南語(yǔ)寫成的，它是后來(lái)歐洲語(yǔ)言中字母系統(tǒng)的來(lái)源)”可知，迦南語(yǔ)是歐洲語(yǔ)言字母系統(tǒng)的來(lái)源。由此可知，目前它仍然在使用。故選D。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“However,itwasn’tuntil2021thataresearcherfromtheHebrewUniversityofJerusalemfirstnoticedthewordswhencheckingthephotoofthecomb.(然而，直到2021年，耶路撒冷希伯來(lái)大學(xué)的一名研究人員在檢查梳子的照片時(shí)才第一次注意到這些詞)”可知，迦南語(yǔ)的完整句子是從梳子的照片上認(rèn)出來(lái)的。故選D。14．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Garfinkel,aprofessorattheHebrewUniversityofJerusalem,said,“TheCanaanitesinventedtheletters.Nowadayseverypersonintheworldcanreadandwriteusingthelettersystem.Thisisreallyoneofthemostimportantachievementsofhumankind.WhenyouarewritinginEnglish,you’rereallyusingCanaanite.”(耶路撒冷希伯來(lái)大學(xué)教授加芬克爾說(shuō)：“迦南人發(fā)明了這些字母?，F(xiàn)在世界上每個(gè)人都能用字母系統(tǒng)讀和寫。這確實(shí)是人類最重要的成就之一。當(dāng)你用英語(yǔ)寫作時(shí)，你實(shí)際上是在用迦南語(yǔ)?！?”可知，Garfinkel闡述了迦南語(yǔ)的影響力：它創(chuàng)造了現(xiàn)在我們還在使用的字母系統(tǒng)。故選A。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段末句“Itshowsthateveninthemostancienttimestherewerefullsentences,whichfurthersuggeststhatCanaanitesstoodoutamongtheearlycivilizationsintheiruseofthewrittenword.(這表明即使在最古老的時(shí)代也有完整的句子，這進(jìn)一步表明迦南人在使用書面文字方面在早期文明中脫穎而出)”可推知，這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)研究迦南早期文明有重要的意義。故選B。16．G17．A18．D19．B20．E【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一些克服報(bào)復(fù)性睡前拖延癥的方法。16．根據(jù)后文“Thisbehaviouriscalled“revengebedtimeprocrastination(報(bào)復(fù)性睡前拖延癥)”.(這種行為被稱為“報(bào)復(fù)性睡前拖延癥”)”可知，本句是在說(shuō)明報(bào)復(fù)性睡前拖延癥的具體表現(xiàn)。故G選項(xiàng)“盡管很累，知道該睡覺了，但你還是過(guò)了就寢時(shí)間不睡”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。17．根據(jù)空前“Itcomesfromaphrasethatdescribesthehabitsofworkerswhoputoffsleeptohavefreeactivitiesasawaytomakeupforlongworkdays.(它來(lái)自一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，描述的是工人們推遲睡眠，通過(guò)自由活動(dòng)來(lái)彌補(bǔ)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作的習(xí)慣)”指出報(bào)復(fù)性睡前拖延癥的含義，以及空后“Notgettingenoughrestaffectsthewayyouwillfunctionatworkandatschoolthenextday.Inthelongterm,ithasharmfuleffectsonhealth.Herearesomewaystobreakthecycleofbedtimeprocrastination.(沒有得到足夠的休息會(huì)影響你第二天在工作和學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，它對(duì)健康有害。這里有一些方法可以打破睡前拖延癥的惡性循環(huán))”指出這一行為產(chǎn)生的危害。A項(xiàng)與空前內(nèi)容形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，并與空后內(nèi)容形成語(yǔ)義銜接。故A選項(xiàng)“但這種行為是有代價(jià)的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。18．空前“Getupandfinishthatthingforwork.Orwalkaroundthehouseandwashdishes-whateverwillsettleyourmind.(起來(lái)，把那件事做完?；蛘咴诜孔永镒咦?，洗碗——只要能讓你安心就行)”指出可以起床做一些具體的事情，如完成工作、在屋外散步或洗碗，總之讓自己心靜下來(lái)。D項(xiàng)“在多數(shù)情況下，你會(huì)變得很困”，在語(yǔ)義上描述前文行為的結(jié)果。故D選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)時(shí)候，你會(huì)很困”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。19．根據(jù)后文“Minimizinghowmuchlightgetsintothebedroompromotessleep.Considersettingupblackoutcurtains(遮光簾)orroom-darkeningshades.Coolertemperaturescanalsohelpsleepbetter.Ifyoudon’twanttoruntheairconditionerorafanallnight,tryrethinkingwhatyouweartobed.(盡量減少進(jìn)入臥室的光線有助于睡眠?？紤]安裝遮光窗簾或使房間變暗的窗簾。較低的溫度也有助于睡眠。如果你不想整夜開著空調(diào)或風(fēng)扇，試著重新考慮一下你睡覺時(shí)穿什么)”本段主要講如何減少臥室的光線及創(chuàng)造涼爽的睡眠溫度，B項(xiàng)涵蓋本段主旨。故B選項(xiàng)“營(yíng)造良好的睡眠環(huán)境”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。20．空前“Takeabath,changeintopajamas(睡衣)andcurlup(蜷曲著坐)withabookbeforeturningoutthelights.Abedtimeroutinehelpsyoungchildrenrelaxbeforebed.Itworksjustaswellforadults.(在熄燈前，洗個(gè)澡，換上睡衣，蜷起身子看書。睡前習(xí)慣有助于孩子們?cè)谒X前放松。它對(duì)成年人同樣有效)”指出睡前的例行活動(dòng)有助于孩子們?cè)谒胺潘上聛?lái)，它對(duì)成年人同樣有效。E項(xiàng)“你在睡眠時(shí)創(chuàng)造的規(guī)律性越多，對(duì)你就越有好處”，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)空前提到的“routine”的必要性。故E選項(xiàng)“你的睡眠越有規(guī)律，對(duì)你就越好”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。21．C22．A23．A24．D25．C26．A27．B28．B29．D30．C31．D32．A33．B34．D35．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了一位要坐火車的醫(yī)學(xué)生女孩在站臺(tái)救助了一位年長(zhǎng)者的善良故事。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：丁慧，一名中國(guó)女醫(yī)科學(xué)生，在為一位年長(zhǎng)的陌生人做心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)的視頻在網(wǎng)上瘋傳后贏得了網(wǎng)民的心，在接受新華網(wǎng)采訪時(shí)，她謙遜地回應(yīng)了社交媒體上的壓倒性支持。A.biological生物的；B.physical身體的；C.medical醫(yī)學(xué)的；D.chemical化學(xué)的。根據(jù)空后“herperformingCPR”可知，她是一名醫(yī)學(xué)生。故選C。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：丁慧，一名中國(guó)女醫(yī)科學(xué)生，在為一位年長(zhǎng)的陌生人做心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)的視頻在網(wǎng)上瘋傳后贏得了網(wǎng)民的心，在接受新華網(wǎng)采訪時(shí)，她謙遜地回應(yīng)了社交媒體上的壓倒性支持。A.video視頻；B.poster海報(bào)；C.picture照片；D.painting繪畫作品。根據(jù)本句“wentviralonline”可知，在網(wǎng)上走紅，說(shuō)明視頻被上傳。故選A。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：丁慧，一名中國(guó)女醫(yī)科學(xué)生，在為一位年長(zhǎng)的陌生人做心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)的視頻在網(wǎng)上瘋傳后贏得了網(wǎng)民的心，在接受新華網(wǎng)采訪時(shí)，她謙遜地回應(yīng)了社交媒體上的壓倒性支持。A.aged年長(zhǎng)的；B.unripe未成熟的；C.adolescent青春期的；D.innocent天真的。根據(jù)后文““Ifitweren’tforher,mydadwouldhavebeen12.”可知，是爸爸身份，應(yīng)為年長(zhǎng)者。故選A。24．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：丁慧，一名中國(guó)女醫(yī)科學(xué)生，在為一位年長(zhǎng)的陌生人做心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)的視頻在網(wǎng)上瘋傳后贏得了網(wǎng)民的心，在接受新華網(wǎng)采訪時(shí)，她謙遜地回應(yīng)了社交媒體上的壓倒性支持。A.obviously明顯地；B.proudly驕傲地；C.humorously幽默地；D.humbly謙遜地；根據(jù)前文““IjustdidwhatIshoulddo.””可知，女孩說(shuō)話謙遜。故選D。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位來(lái)自錦州醫(yī)科大學(xué)的大二學(xué)生在中國(guó)東北遼寧省錦州南站等火車回家時(shí)，一名81歲的男子下車后不久就倒在了站臺(tái)上。A.flight航班；B.subway地鐵；C.train火車；D.coach教練。根據(jù)本句“thetrain”可知，故事發(fā)生在火車站。故選C。26．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這位來(lái)自錦州醫(yī)科大學(xué)的大二學(xué)生在中國(guó)東北遼寧省錦州南站等火車回家時(shí)，一名81歲的男子下車后不久就倒在了站臺(tái)上。A.collapsed倒塌，昏倒；B.posed擺姿勢(shì)；C.cheered歡呼；D.trembled顫抖。根據(jù)前文“herperformingCPR”可知，女孩對(duì)他做了心肺復(fù)蘇，所以他應(yīng)是昏倒了。故選A。27．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這位來(lái)自錦州醫(yī)科大學(xué)的大二學(xué)生在中國(guó)東北遼寧省錦州南站等火車回家時(shí)，一名81歲的男子下車后不久就倒在了站臺(tái)上。A.steppedonto登上；B.gotoff下車；C.raninto撞上；D.waitedfor等待。根據(jù)本句“ThecollegesophomoreatJinzhouMedicalUniversitywaswaitingforher5home”以及“ontheplatform”可知，是女孩要上火車，而這位年長(zhǎng)者是下了火車昏倒在站臺(tái)。故選B。28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她聽說(shuō)這件事后，她沖過(guò)去幫助老人，并對(duì)他進(jìn)行了心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù)，幫助老人逐漸恢復(fù)了意識(shí)。A.defence防御；B.aid幫助；C.hotel賓館；D.hospital醫(yī)院。根據(jù)本句“per