山西省晉中市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語試題 (原卷版+解析版無聽力音頻無聽力原文)

第第頁山西省晉中市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語試題(原卷版+解析版，無聽力音頻無聽力原文)高二英語(外研版)試題

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。

第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

做題時(shí)，請先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。

每段對話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt

A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout

A.Goingboating.B.Theweather.C.TheirfriendTom.

2.Whereisthemangoing

A.Toasupermarket.B.Tothewoman’shome.C.Toapark.

3.Whatistheseasonmostlikelynow

A.Summer.B.Spring.C.Winter.

4.Wherecanthewomanfindherumbrella

A.Underthechair.

B.Attheticketcounter.

C.IntheLost每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatisthewomanprobably

A.Aclerk.B.Amanager.C.Awaitress.

7.Whenwillthemangofortheinterview

A.NextMonday.B.NextTuesday.C.NextWednesday.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.WhatsportdoesCharleslikemost

A.Skiing.B.Football.C.Running.

9.WhowillgotoNicole’sbirthdayparty

A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Neither.

10WhatwillthespeakersprobablydothisSaturday

A.Attendameeting.B.Gotoaparty.C.Enjoyafilm.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whatisthewoman’sgoodnews

A.Gettingthefirstprize.B.Passingaswimmingtest.

C.Winninganewcomputer.

12.Whydoesthemanhateflying

A.Itmakeshimfeelunsafe.B.Itisnotconvenientatall.

C.Itistooexpensiveforhim.

13.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Acouple.B.Strangers.C.Friends.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whatinformationcanvisitorslearnaboutinthemuseum

A.Differenttrees.B.Wildbirds.C.Theweather.

15.Whendidthewomanvisitthemuseum

A.LastThursday.B.LastSaturday.C.LastSunday.

16.Howlongdidittakethewomantogetbackhomefromthemuseum

A.About15minutes.B.About20minutes.C.About30minutes.

17.Whocangetfreeaccesstothemuseum

A.Oneunder15.B.Oneunder17.C.Oneunder18.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Howdoesthespeakerfeelaboutthetrip

A.Boring.B.Enjoyable.C.Strange.

19.Whatdidthespeakerdointhefirstworkshop

A.ShedesignedaT-shirt.B.Sheplayedinatheater.C.Shemadesomeearrings.

20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout

A.Tipsonbeingconfident.B.Waystostartaworkshop.

C.Benefitsoftravelingalone.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分60分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題3分，滿分45分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

StopsonaLiteraryTour

JKRowling

AsigninthewindowoftheElephantHouseindicatesitisHarryPotter’sbirthplace.AuthorJKRowlingspentfatefulhourscompletingHarryPotterandthePhilosopher’sStonethere-thefirstbookintheseries.It’sstillacafeandyoucanstilldropinforacappuccinoandasandwich,apizzaoraplateofsausage.()

JaneAusten

ThoughtheGeorgiancityofBath,withitsRomanBathsandUNESCOWorldHeritagestatus,proudlyclaimsJaneAustenasafavoriteresident,Janewasactuallyunhappythere.JanewashappierinChawtonCottage,whereshepublishedoneofhermostfamousnovels-PrideandPrejudice.(https://janeaustens.house)

WilliamShakespeare

ThemostfamouswriterintheEnglishlanguage-arguablythemostfamouswriterintheworld-isbetterknownthroughhisworksthanthroughhisbiographicaldetails.FansinsearchofthepoetcanvisithishometownStratford-upon-Avon.(.uk)

WilliamWordsworth

If,likethe19th-centuryRomanticpoetWilliamWordsworth,thesightofafieldofgoldendaffodils(水仙花)hasevercheeredyourlonelyhours，visitDoveCottageinGrasmere.ItwasonawalkwithDorothyintheLakeDistrictcountrysidenearbythathespottedthefamousfieldofnoddingflowersthatinspiredhispoem,LonelyasaCloud,knownbymostpeoplesimplyasTheDaffodils.(.uk)

1.WhatcanpeopledoatHarryPotter’sBirthplace

A.Seeplays.B.Enjoysomefood.

C.Watchmusicals.D.Exploretheauthor’shome.

2.Whowouldmostlikelybeinterestedinthetour

A.Musicaladventurers.B.Long-distancehikers.

C.Literatureenthusiasts.D.Professionalhistorians.

3.WhichwebsitecanyouvisittolearnabouttheinspirationofLonelyasaCloud

A.https://www.rsc.org.ukB.https://elephanthouse.biz

C.https://janeaustens.houseD.https://wordsworth.org.uk

【答案】1.B2.C3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇人物介紹。文章借助文學(xué)之行簡要介紹了四位著名作家。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“JKRowling”部分的“AsigninthewindowoftheElephantHouseindicatesitisHarryPotter’sbirthplace.(大象屋窗戶上的一塊牌子表明它是哈利·波特的出生地)”以及“It’sstillacafeandyoucanstilldropinforacappuccinoandasandwich,apizzaoraplateofsausage.(這仍然是一家咖啡館，你仍然可以順便來喝一杯卡布奇諾和一個(gè)三明治，一個(gè)披薩或一盤香腸)”可知，在哈利波特的出生地，你可以品嘗食品，故選B項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“StopsonaLiteraryTour(文學(xué)之旅的停靠站)”、“JKRowling”部分的“AuthorJKRowlingspentfatefulhourscompletingHarryPotterandthePhilosopher’sStonethere-thefirstbookintheseries(作家JK羅琳在那里花了幾個(gè)小時(shí)完成了《哈利·波特與魔法石》，這是該系列的第一本書)”、“JaneAusten”部分的“JanewashappierinChawtonCottage,whereshepublishedoneofhermostfamousnovels-PrideandPrejudice(簡在ChawtonCottage更開心，她在那里出版了她最著名的小說之一《傲慢與偏見》)”、“WilliamShakespeare”部分的“ThemostfamouswriterintheEnglishlanguage(最著名的英語作家)”以及“WilliamWordsworth”部分的“ItwasonawalkwithDorothyintheLakeDistrictcountrysidenearbythathespottedthefamousfieldofnoddingflowersthatinspiredhispoem(正是在與多蘿西在附近的湖區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村散步時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了著名的點(diǎn)頭花田，這激發(fā)了他的詩歌《孤獨(dú)如云》的靈感)”可知，這些名人都是作家，因此文學(xué)愛好者對此行最感興趣，故選C項(xiàng)。

3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WilliamWordsworth”部分的“ItwasonawalkwithDorothyintheLakeDistrictcountrysidenearbythathespottedthefamousfieldofnoddingflowersthatinspiredhispoem,LonelyasaCloud,knownbymostpeoplesimplyasTheDaffodils.(.uk)(正是在與多蘿西在附近的湖區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村散步時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了著名的點(diǎn)頭花田，這激發(fā)了他的詩歌《孤獨(dú)如云》的靈感，大多數(shù)人都稱之為《水仙花》。(.uk))”，可知，在https://wordsworth.org.uk網(wǎng)站可以了解《孤獨(dú)如云》的靈感來源，故選D項(xiàng)。

B

Despitedifficulttimes,thereisagreatspiritofsurvivalandhopeforpeoplelivingintheBayouState.

DustinLaFont,whosenonprofit,FrontYardBikes,supportshundredsofstudentsinBatonRouge,Louisiana,everyyearastheyridetowardsabrighterfuture.“It’sveryimportantinCajun(卡津人的)culturetotakecareofyourneighbor.”

RankedasoneofthepooreststatesinAmerica,Louisianaoftenbearscoastalstormsandhurricanes.Andontopofsky-highpovertyandcrimerates,thecombiningeffecthasbeendisastrousforresidents-especiallyforyoungpeople.InBatonRouge,roughlyoneineveryfourresidentslivesinpoverty.

“OurkidsinSouthLouisianagrowupknowingtheyhavetobestrongfromdayone,”LaFontsaid.“Youcangofromhavingahouse,havingafamily,andthenallofasudden,it’sgonelikeamagic.Ourmissionistocreatesafespacesthatempowerourkidstolearnabouttheirinnerworthastheylearn,grow,andbuild.”

In2023,inspiredbylocalkidswhogatheredinhisyardfortips,tools,andbikeparts,LaFontformedwhatneighborscalledthe“FrontYardBikeShop.”Helaterformalizedthegroupasanofficialnonprofit.Today,FrontYardBikesisheadquarteredinabrightlypaintedbuildingnearthecommunitypark.Dozensofkidsnowgatherafterschoolinthissafeplacetoride,play,andhelpoutinthegarden.LaFontrecentlyopenedabikerepairshopwhereolderstudentscangetcertifiedinmechanics,receivehands-ontrainingandgainemploymentatthestoretohelpbuildtheirresumeforfuturework.Thegroupalsotakesweeklyridestoareabusinessesandlandmarkstolearnaboutthecityanditsopportunities.

FrontYardBikesservesnearly400youngpeopleayear.Todate,50studentshavebeencertifiedinmechanics,and2,000kidshavebenefitedfromtheprogram.

4.WhatdoesLaFont’sFrontYardBikesintendtodo

A.Tomakeadonation.B.Topromotebikesales.

C.Tohelpthelocalstudents.D.Tohavesupportfromneighbors.

5.Whydothelocalkidshavetogrowuptobestrong

A.Thecrimeratestherehitarecordhigh.

B.Thecircumstancestheyfacearesevere.

C.Theyfacestrugglestosupporttheirfamily.

D.Theycanhardlygeteducatedintheirworld.

6.Howdoesthebikerepairshopbenefitstudents

A.Byofferingthempracticalexperience.

B.Byorganizingjobfairsonaweeklybasis.

C.Byprovidingthemwithsafeplacestoride.

D.Byhelpingthemstarttheirowncompanies.

7.What’sthepurposeofthetext

A.Tohonorarespectedlocal.B.Tohighlightagreatspirit.

C.TopromotetheBayouState.D.Topassonagreattradition.

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了生活在巴育州的達(dá)斯汀·拉豐特組建非營利組織“前院自行車”，每年為路易斯安那州巴吞魯日的數(shù)百名學(xué)生提供支持，幫助他們邁向更光明的未來。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Ourmissionistocreatesafespacesthatempowerourkidstolearnabouttheirinnerworthastheylearn,grow,andbuild.(我們的使命是創(chuàng)造安全的空間，讓我們的孩子在學(xué)習(xí)、成長和建設(shè)的過程中了解自己的內(nèi)在價(jià)值)”可知，達(dá)斯汀·拉豐特的“前院自行車”組織意在幫助當(dāng)?shù)氐膶W(xué)生，故選C項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““OurkidsinSouthLouisianagrowupknowingtheyhavetobestrongfromdayone,”LaFontsaid.“Youcangofromhavingahouse,havingafamily,andthenallofasudden,it’sgonelikeamagic.(拉豐特說：“我們路易斯安那州南部的孩子從小就知道自己必須堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。你可以從有房子到有家庭，然后突然之間，一切都像魔法一樣消失了”)”可知，當(dāng)?shù)氐暮⒆颖仨氁獙W(xué)會(huì)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的原因是他們所面對的環(huán)境很惡劣，故選B項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Dozensofkidsnowgatherafterschoolinthissafeplacetoride,play,andhelpoutinthegarden.LaFontrecentlyopenedabikerepairshopwhereolderstudentscangetcertifiedinmechanics,receivehands-ontrainingandgainemploymentatthestoretohelpbuildtheirresumeforfuturework.(現(xiàn)在，幾十個(gè)孩子放學(xué)后聚集在這個(gè)安全的地方騎行、玩耍，并在花園里幫忙。LaFont最近開了一家自行車修理店，年長的學(xué)生可以在這里獲得機(jī)械師認(rèn)證，接受實(shí)踐培訓(xùn)，并在店里找到工作，以幫助他們?yōu)槲磥淼墓ぷ鹘⒑啔v)”可知，拉豐特的“前院自行車”組織通過為學(xué)生提供實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)使學(xué)生受益，故選A項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Despitedifficulttimes,thereisagreatspiritofsurvivalandhopeforpeoplelivingintheBayouState.(盡管困難重重，但生活在巴育州的人們有著偉大的生存精神和希望)”、第二段“DustinLaFont,whosenonprofit,FrontYardBikes,supportshundredsofstudentsinBatonRouge,everyyearastheyridetowardsabrighterfuture(達(dá)斯汀·拉豐特的非營利組織“前院自行車”每年都會(huì)為路易斯安那州巴吞魯日的數(shù)百名學(xué)生提供支持，幫助他們邁向更光明的未來。)”以及最后一段“FrontYardBikesservesnearly400youngpeopleayear.Todate,50studentshavebeencertifiedinmechanics,and2,000kidshavebenefitedfromtheprogram(前院自行車每年為近400名年輕人提供服務(wù)。到目前為止，已有50名學(xué)生獲得了力學(xué)認(rèn)證，2000名兒童從該項(xiàng)目中受益)”可推理出，本文的寫作目的是贊揚(yáng)達(dá)斯汀·拉豐特建立了非營利組織彰顯偉大的精神，故選B項(xiàng)。

C

ZhangYufuandsome100othertruckdriversinYunnanprovinceweregivenaspecialassignmentonAug3,2023,bythecompany—tofollowaherdof14Asianelephants.

Expertssaidtheteam’sworkmarkedasignificantbreakthroughineffortstoguidetheanimalsbacktotheirhabitats.Crossingtherivermeanttheherdwasheadingtowardmoresuitablehabitats,whichwouldalsohelpincreasestabilityandsecurityfortheanimals.

Sincethe14wildAsianelephantslefttheirhabitatin2023andkeptwanderingtowardthenorth,theyhaddrawnattentionfromacrossChinaandtheworld.AuthoritiesinYunnanhadfedtheelephantstonsoffoodandusedpolicecars,trucks,diggersanddronestoguidetheherdawayfromcityareas,andeventuallyleadthembacktotheirhabitatsafely.

TheAsianelephantislistedasan“endangered”speciesandisundertop-levelprotectioninChina.YunnanistheonlyhabitatforwildAsianelephantsinChina.Bybuilding11naturereserves,thepopulationoftheAsianelephantinChinahasrisenfrom170inthe1970stoover300in2023,accordingtotheYunnanprovincialforestryandgrasslanddepartment.

Althoughclimateandawillingnessamongtheelephantstomovewerekeyfactorsintheherdmovingtowardhome,theeffortsofscientistsandworkersalsoplayedamajorrole.

Forexample,thewaterflowpersecondrateoftheYuanjiangRiverrosegreatlyinAugust2023,comparedtoMaythatsameyearwhentheherdfirstcrossedit.Toavoiddanger,theYuxiheadquartersdecidedtoguidetheelephantsacrosstheYuanjiangBridgenearNationalHighway213.Thelocalgovernmentalsosentworkerstopromotesafetyinareaspopulatedby73,000people.

“Althoughtheherdbrokeawayfromthedesignedrouteanumberoftimes,itfinallycrossedthebridge,withthesafetyofhumansandtheanimalssecured,”saidYangYingyong,executivedeputycommanderoftheheadquarters.

8.Whatwasthemissionoftheteaminprotectingthe14Asianelephants

A.Tostudytheirsocialbehavior.B.Toshootadocumentaryaboutthem.

C.Toprotectthemfrombeinghunted.D.Todirectthembacktotheirhome.

9.Whatwasthekeymomentfortheteam’swork

A.WhentheherdcrossedtheYuanjiangBridge.

B.Whentheherdstartedtointeractwiththeteam.

C.WhenthenumberofAsianelephantsreached300.

D.When11naturereserveswerebuiltforAsianelephants.

10.WhatisYangYingyong’sattitudetotheresultoftheteam’swork

A.Confused.B.Indifferent.C.Relieved.D.Concerned.

11.Whatdoesthisreportmainlytellus

A.AllpeopleinYunnanhelpguideelephantstosafety.

BThelocalgovernmenttakesmeasurestoprotectAsianelephants.

C.Elephantsareabouttoendtheirjourneysouthandheadforhome.

D.Dedicatedteamworkpaysoffforhelpingelephantsreturnsouth.

【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要說明了2023年8月3日，云南卡車公司給張玉福和其他100多名卡車司機(jī)下達(dá)了一項(xiàng)特殊任務(wù)——跟蹤一群14頭亞洲象。專家表示，該小組的工作標(biāo)志著引導(dǎo)這些動(dòng)物回到棲息地的努力取得了重大突破。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AuthoritiesinYunnanhadfedtheelephantstonsoffoodandusedpolicecars,trucks,diggersanddronestoguidetheherdawayfromcityareas,andeventuallyleadthembacktotheirhabitatsafely.(云南當(dāng)局給大象喂食了成噸的食物，并使用警車、卡車、挖掘機(jī)和無人機(jī)引導(dǎo)大象離開城市地區(qū)，最終將它們安全帶回棲息地)”可知，保護(hù)14頭亞洲象的任務(wù)是引導(dǎo)它們回家。故選D。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Toavoiddanger,theYuxiheadquartersdecidedtoguidetheelephantsacrosstheYuanjiangBridgenearNationalHighway213.(為了避免危險(xiǎn)，玉溪總部決定引導(dǎo)大象通過213國道附近的沅江大橋)”可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)工作的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻是當(dāng)象群穿過沅江大橋時(shí)。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Althoughtheherdbrokeawayfromthedesignedrouteanumberoftimes,itfinallycrossedthebridge,withthesafetyofhumansandtheanimalssecured,”saidYangYingyong,executivedeputycommanderoftheheadquarters.(“雖然象群多次偏離設(shè)計(jì)路線，但最終還是通過了大橋，人和動(dòng)物的安全都得到了保障，”總部常務(wù)副指揮官楊英勇說)”可推知，對于團(tuán)隊(duì)的工作成果，楊英勇的態(tài)度是寬慰的。故選C。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Expertssaidtheteam’sworkmarkedasignificantbreakthroughineffortstoguidetheanimalsbacktotheirhabitats.Crossingtherivermeanttheherdwasheadingtowardmoresuitablehabitats,whichwouldalsohelpincreasestabilityandsecurityfortheanimals.(專家表示，該小組的工作標(biāo)志著引導(dǎo)這些動(dòng)物回到棲息地的努力取得了重大突破。過了河意味著象群正朝著更合適的棲息地前進(jìn)，這也有助于增加動(dòng)物的穩(wěn)定性和安全性)”可知，這份報(bào)告主要告訴我們敬業(yè)的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作幫助大象返回南方。故選D。

D

HowcanpeoplespeaktheirmindwithoutsayingThisisaquestionthatscientistshaveaimedtoanswerforalongtime.Researchersrecentlybroughtanupgradeddevicethatcantranslateusers’brainwavesintodailyspeech.

Previously,theteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,developedanAI-basedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50commonlyusedwordsbasedontheparticipant’sbrainwaves.AccordingtotheirpaperpublishedinNovember,theteamupgradedthesystemwhichcannowtranslatethoughtsintocompletesentencesonacomputerscreen.Theirtestsshowedthatthedevicecoulddecode(破譯)silentlyspokenlettersfroma1,152-wordvocabularyataspeedofabout29charactersperminute.Theaccuracywasupto94percent.

However,thismethodcanstillbeunsuresinceusersstillneedtoundergosurgery.ScientistsattheUniversityofTexas,US,havetriedtotranslatepeople’sthoughtswithouteventouchingtheirheads,reportedLiveScience.

ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRI,orfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(功能性磁共振成像).It’sasaferwayof“reading”brainactivity.Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecells,scientistscantranslatebrainactivity.

Theteamaskedparticipantstolistento16hoursofradioshowswhilescanningtheirbrains.Thentheyusedacomputeralgorithm(算法)tocreateastorybasedonthefMRIrecording.Itmatchedtheradioshowsprettywell.

Also,thealgorithmcouldbasicallyexplainthestoryofasilentmoviethattheparticipantswatched.Theteamaimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces(腦機(jī)接口)designedforpeoplewhocannotspeakortype.

12.Whatdoweknowaboutthedevicementionedinparagraph2

A.Itwasimplantedintoaman’sheart.

B.Itcanhelprestorepatients’lostmemory.

C.Itcanidentifyabout50commonlyusedwords.

D.ItwasdevelopedindependentlybyEdwardChang.

13.HowdoesfMRI“read”people’sminds

A.Byfollowingtheiractivebraincells.

B.Byputtingelectricpolesintotheirbrains.

C.Byrecordingtheirreactiontoradioshows.

D.Bymatchingtheirbrainactivitywiththeirhabits.

14.What’stheadvantageoffMRIcomparedtothefirstdevicementionedinthestory

A.It’ssafer.B.It’scheaper.

C.It’ssmallerinsize.D.It’smoreaccurate.

15.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutfMRIfromthelasttwoparagraphs

A.Itcanonlyreadwhatparticipantshear.

B.Itcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces.

C.Itcanreadeverydetailofparticipants’minds.

D.Itcannotworkoutwhatpeopleimagineintheirheads.

【答案】12.C13.A14.A15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了舊金山加州大學(xué)EdwardChang領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)了一個(gè)基于人工智能的系統(tǒng)，可以將用戶的腦電波轉(zhuǎn)換為日常語音。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Previously,theteamledbyEdwardChangattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,developedanAI-basedsystemthatcanidentifyupto50commonlyusedwordsbasedontheparticipant’sbrainwaves(此前，由舊金山加州大學(xué)EdwardChang領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)了一個(gè)基于人工智能的系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)可以根據(jù)參與者的腦電波識(shí)別多達(dá)50個(gè)常用單詞)”可知，該系統(tǒng)可以識(shí)別多達(dá)50個(gè)常用單詞，故選C項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ThenewtechniqueiscalledfMRI，orfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging.It’sasaferwayof“reading”brainactivity.Activebraincellshavemoreoxygen.Bytrackingthesecells,scientistscantranslatebrainactivity.(這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)被稱為功能性磁共振成像。這是一種更安全的“閱讀”大腦活動(dòng)的方式?；钴S的腦細(xì)胞有更多的氧氣。通過追蹤這些細(xì)胞，科學(xué)家可以翻譯大腦活動(dòng))”可知，fMRI通過追蹤他們活躍的腦細(xì)胞讀懂人們的思想，故選A項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AccordingtotheirpaperpublishedinNovember,theteamupgradedthesystemwhichcannowtranslatethoughtsintocompletesentencesonacomputerscreen.Theirtestsshowedthatthedevicecoulddecodesilentlyspokenlettersfroma1,152-wordvocabularyataspeedofabout29charactersperminute.Theaccuracywasupto94percent.(根據(jù)他們在11月發(fā)表的論文，該團(tuán)隊(duì)升級了該系統(tǒng)，現(xiàn)在可以在電腦屏幕上將想法翻譯成完整的句子。他們的測試表明該設(shè)備可以解碼以大約每分鐘29個(gè)字符的速度無聲地說出1152個(gè)詞匯表中的字母。準(zhǔn)確率高達(dá)94%)”可知，比起之前的設(shè)備，升級后的fMRI更為安全，故選A項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theteamaskedparticipantstolistento16hoursofradioshowswhilescanningtheirbrains(研究小組要求參與者在掃描大腦的同時(shí)收聽16個(gè)小時(shí)的廣播節(jié)目)”以及最后一段“Theteamaimstodevelopthistechnologysothatitcanbeusedinbrain-computerinterfaces(腦機(jī)接口)designedforpeoplewhocannotspeakortype(該團(tuán)隊(duì)的目標(biāo)是開發(fā)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，以便將其用于腦機(jī)接口專為不會(huì)說話或打字的人設(shè)計(jì))”可知，fMRI能用于腦機(jī)界面，故選B項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題3分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Misunderstood“Healthy”FoodsThatAreActuallyTheOpposite

Therearesomanyfoodoptionsoutthereintheworldthatit’softenveryeasytogetlostinallofthem.___16___Wehavenoideawhat’shealthy,whatisn’t,howtoloseweightandhowtogainweight.That’swhywhenthisinternetuseraskedthequestion“Whatfooddopeoplemistakenlyconsiderhealthy”,manypeoplejoinedintosharetheiropinions,andtheymighthelpyououtandshinesomelightondeceptivefoodsthatwethinkaregoodforus,butareactuallyprettybad.

·Ispoketoafoodscientistforworkandhesaid(un)healthyfoodsdon’texist,just(un)healthydiets.Broccoliisgood.___17___JustaseatingMcDonald’sforeverymealisbad,buthavingMcDonald’sfordinnerinitselfisfine.

Aslongasyou:

-Havevarietyinyourdiet.

-Getallthenutrientsyouneed.

-___18___

Youcanbasicallyeatwhateveryouwant.

·Meatsubstitutes.Justbecauseit’svegan,doesn’tmeanitisn’tprocessedandfullofunhealthyfats,etc.

·VitaminWater.___19___OnebottleofVitaminWaterprovides50-100percentofthedailyadultrecommendationforsugar.ItalsolacksanysignificantnutrientsandvitaminsotherthantracesofVitaminsBandC,whichcoincidentallyarewatersoluble(可溶解的),andareplentifulinotherdailyfoodstaples.

·Salad.___20___Whenpeopleloadonthesaladdressing,theyarebasicallyeating80%oftheircaloriesinsugarandfat.

A.Notthevegetables.

B.Theoptionsareendless.

C.Eatwhateveriseasilyavailable.

D.Butifyoueatitforeverymeal,that’sbad.

E.Don’teattoomuchortoolittleofanything.

F.Thishastobethebiggestfoodtrickoutthere.

G.Foodtrendsandworkoutplansareusuallyforgotten.

【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.F20.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹經(jīng)常被人們誤解的“健康”食品實(shí)際上恰恰不健康。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Therearesomanyfoodoptionsoutthereintheworldthatit’softenveryeasytogetlostinallofthem.(世界上有太多的食物選擇，人們很容易迷失在所有食物中)”和下文“Wehavenoideawhat’shealthy,whatisn’t,howtoloseweightandhowtogainweight.(我們不知道什么是健康的，什么不是，如何減肥和如何增重)”可知，這一段提到人們對食物和健康的不了解。選項(xiàng)G“食物趨勢和鍛煉計(jì)劃通常被遺忘?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢?。故選G。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Ispoketoafoodscientistforworkandhesaid(un)healthyfoodsdon’texist,just(un)healthydiets.Broccoliisgood.(我和一位食品科學(xué)家談過工作，他說不存在（不）健康的食物，只有（不）不健康的飲食。西蘭花很好)”和下文“JustaseatingMcDonald’sforeverymealisbad,buthavingMcDonald’sfordinnerinitselfisfine.(就像每頓飯都吃麥當(dāng)勞是不好的一樣，但晚餐吃麥當(dāng)勞本身就是好的)”可知，每頓飯只吃西蘭花這一種食物是不好的。選項(xiàng)D“但如果你每頓飯都吃它，那就不好了?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢隆９蔬xD。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Havevarietyinyourdiet.(飲食要多樣化)”和“Getallthenutrientsyouneed.(獲取所需的所有營養(yǎng))”可知，這里是建議人們要飲食均衡。選項(xiàng)E“任何東西都不要吃得太多或太少?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選E。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“VitaminWater.(維生素水)”和下文“OnebottleofVitaminWaterprovides50-100percentofthedailyadultrecommendationforsugar.(一瓶維生素水提供了成年人每天推薦的50-100%的糖分)”可知，人們認(rèn)為維生素水是很好的選擇。選項(xiàng)F“這一定是最棒的食物技巧了。”和上下文意思一致。故選F。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Salad.(沙拉)”和下文“Whenpeopleloadonthesaladdressing,theyarebasicallyeating80%oftheircaloriesinsugarandfat.(當(dāng)人們吃沙拉醬時(shí)，他們基本上攝入了80%的糖和脂肪)”可知，這里說明沙拉并不單單只有蔬菜，還有過量的糖和脂肪。選項(xiàng)A“不只是蔬菜?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢?。故選A。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

MyloveforreadingstartedwhenIwasalittlekid.Ithasnever___21___inalltheyears.

Itallstartedwithmydad.Whenmydadwasachild,lifewassohardthathe____22____schoolafter6thgradetoworkandhelp____23____hislargefamily.Althoughhe____24____muchofhischildhood,dadalwayspossessedoneofhismostcherishedpossessions:a___25___appetiteforreading.And____26____hedid-everythingfromthemorningpapertotheschoolbookswechildrenbroughthomeeveryevening.____27____educationwasneverinthecardsformydad,buttheknowledgeheacquiredwouldsurelyhave___28___aPh.D.fromatopuniversity.

Iinheritedmyownloveforreadingfromdad.Longbeforemostkidseventhinkaboutlearningtoread,hewould____29____meupbesidehimonthesofaandletmelookatthepicturesthat_____30_____whatevermaterialhehappenedtobereading.BythetimeIstartedkindergartenIwasalreadyreadingona_____31_____thatastonishedMrs.Henman,awonderful____32____wholivesoninmyhearttillthisday.

Sadly,dad_____33_____almost22yearsago.Butinmymind,he’llalwaysbethekindandlovingyoungmanwhosatmeuponthe_____34_____andgavemeoneofthegreatestgifts:The____35____oftheloveofreading.

21.A.fadedB.approvedC.spreadD.bothered

22.A.shutB.enteredC.quitD.started

23.A.establishB.feedC.joinD.protect

24.A.caughtupwithB.lostoutonC.wasabsentfromD.lookedforwardto

25.A.poorB.healthyC.greedyD.weak

26.A.teachB.copyC.writeD.read

27.A.FormalB.PrivateC.SpecialD.Original

28.A.obtainedB.deservedC.equaledD.covered

29.A.bringB.wakeC.sitD.put

30.A.accompaniedB.remainedC.droppedD.included

31.A.patternB.standardC.rangeD.level

32.A.colleagueB.teacherC.parentD.sister

33.A.ranawayB.slippedawayC.passedawayD.escapedaway

34.A.fieldB.benchC.groundD.sofa

35.A.giftB.resultC.dutyD.reason

【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.B25.C26.D27.A28.B29.C30.A31.D32.B33.C34.D35.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述的父親從小影響了他愛上了讀書的故事。

【21題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它一直都沒有減退過。A.faded褪色；B.approved贊同；C.spread傳播；D.bothered打擾。根據(jù)上文“MyloveforreadingstartedwhenIwasalittlekid.”可知，從小就喜歡讀書，一直都是。故選A。

【22題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我父親還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，生活太艱難了，以至于他在六年級后就輟學(xué)去工作，幫助養(yǎng)活他的大家庭。A.shut關(guān)閉；B.entered進(jìn)入；C.quit放棄；D.started開始。根據(jù)下文“towork”可知，的父親去工作，應(yīng)該是放棄了學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。

【23題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：見第2題詳解。A.establish建立；B.feed喂養(yǎng)；C.join加入；D.protect保護(hù)。根據(jù)上文“he____2____schoolafter6thgradetowork”可知，的父親輟學(xué)去工作，應(yīng)該是幫助養(yǎng)活他的大家庭。故選B。

【24題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：盡管父親童年的大部分時(shí)間都在外面，但他一直擁有他最珍貴的財(cái)產(chǎn)之一：貪婪的閱讀欲望。A.caughtupwith趕上；B.lostouton在…上輸了；C.wasabsentfrom缺席；D.lookedforwardto期待。根據(jù)上文“he____2____schoolafter6thgradetoworkandhelp____3____hislargefamily.”和下文“muchofhischildhood”可知，的父親失去了很多的童年快樂時(shí)光。故選B。

【25題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：見第4題詳解。A.poor貧窮的；B.healthy健康的；C.greedy貪婪的；D.weak弱的。根據(jù)上文“dadalwayspossessedoneofhismostcherishedpossessions”可知，的父親非?？释喿x。故選C。

【26題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他讀了所有的東西，從晨報(bào)到我們孩子每天晚上帶回家的課本。A.teach教；B.copy復(fù)制；C.write寫；D.read讀。根據(jù)下文“everythingfromthemorningpapertotheschoolbookswechildrenbroughthomeeveryevening”可知，這是的父親讀的東西。故選D。

【27題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對我父親來說，正規(guī)教育從來都不可能，但他所獲得的知識(shí)肯定應(yīng)該得到頂尖大學(xué)的博士學(xué)位。A.Formal正式的；B.Private個(gè)人的；C.Special特別的；D.Original原始的。根據(jù)上文“Whenmydadwasachild,lifewassohardthathe____2____schoolafter6thgradetoworkandhelp____3____hislargefamily.”可知，的父親從來沒有接受過正式的教育。故選A。

【28題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：見7題詳解。A.obtained獲得；B.deserved值得；C.equaled比得上；D.covered覆蓋。根據(jù)下文“aPh.D.fromatopuniversity”可知，父親雖然沒有上過學(xué)，但是他所獲得的知識(shí)肯定應(yīng)該得到頂尖大學(xué)的博士學(xué)位。故選B。

【29題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：早在大多數(shù)孩子考慮學(xué)習(xí)閱讀之前，他就會(huì)讓我坐在他旁邊的沙發(fā)上，讓我看看他碰巧閱讀的任何材料附帶的圖片。A.bring帶來；B.wake醒來；C.sit坐；D.put放。根據(jù)下文“meupbesidehimonthesofa”可知，父親就會(huì)讓坐在他旁邊的沙發(fā)上。故選C。

【30題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：見第9題詳解。A.accompanied陪同，伴隨；B.remained仍然；C.dropped掉；D.included包括。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，此處指父親閱讀的材料配的圖片。故選A。

【31題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我開始上幼兒園的時(shí)候，我的閱讀水平已經(jīng)達(dá)到了讓亨曼夫人驚訝的水平，她是一位出色的老師，一直活在我心中。A.pattern模式；B.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；C.range范圍；D.level水平。根據(jù)下文“thatastonishedMrs.Henman”可知，當(dāng)開始上幼兒園的時(shí)候，他的閱讀水平已經(jīng)達(dá)到了讓亨曼夫人驚訝的水平。故選D。

【32題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：見第11題詳解。A.colleague同事；B.teacher教師；C.parent父母；D.sister姐妹。根據(jù)上文“BythetimeIstartedkindergarten”可知，亨曼夫人應(yīng)該是一位幼兒園的老師。故選B。

【33題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：令人傷心的是，父親在大約22年前去世了。A.ranaway跑開；B.slippedaway溜走；C.passedaway去世；D.escapedaway逃走。根據(jù)上文“Sadly”可知，這里應(yīng)該是指發(fā)生在父親身上令人傷心的事情，所以應(yīng)該是父親去世了。故選C。

【34題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但在我看來，他永遠(yuǎn)是那個(gè)善良而有愛的年輕人，他讓我坐在沙發(fā)上，給了我最棒的禮物之一：愛讀書的禮物。A.field土地；B.bench長凳；C.ground地面；D.sofa沙發(fā)。根據(jù)上文“hewould____9____meupbesidehimonthesofa”可知，父親以前經(jīng)常讓坐在沙發(fā)上給他讀書。故選D。

【35題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：見第14題詳解。A.gift禮物；B.result結(jié)果；C.duty責(zé)任；D.reason原因。根據(jù)上文“gavemeoneoft