日本介紹(英文版)課件

TheCultureofJapanTheCultureofJapanWitheconomic,culturalandreligiousinfluencefromneighboringAsianstates,Japanhasproducedauniquecultureofitsown.Nowlet’senjoythecharm(魅力)ofJapanesecultureandlookatsomeofitspopularicons.Witheconomic,culturaland

ContentslifesocietyartcultureContentslifeclothesclothesThetraditionaldressofJapanisthekimono（和服）.Kimonos,whicharegenerallymadeofsilk,havelargesleevesandreachfromtheshouldersallthewaydowntotheheels.Theyaretiedwithawidebelt.Kimonosarenowusuallywornonlyonspecialoccasions,weddings,andgraduationceremonies.ThetraditionaldressofJapanthestyleKimonosrangefromextremelyformaltocasual.Thelevelofformalityofwomen'skimonoisdeterminedmostlybythepatternofthefabric,andcolor.Youngwomen'skimonoshavelongersleeves,signifyingthattheyarenotmarried,andtendtobemoreelaboratethansimilarlyformalolderwomen'skimono.[5]Men'skimonosareusuallyonebasicshapeandaremainlyworninsubduedcolors.Formalityisalsodeterminedbythetypeandcolorofaccessories,thefabric,andthenumberorabsenceofkamon(familycrests),withfivecrestssignifyingextremeformality.[5]Silkisthemostdesirable,andmostformal,fabric.Kimonosmadeoffabricssuchascottonandpolyestergenerallyreflectamorecasualstyle和服的范圍從非常正式的去休閑。形式化程度的女性的和服是由模式確定主要的面料和顏色。年輕女性的和服袖子長,意味著他們不結(jié)婚,往往是更復雜的比同樣正式老年婦女的和服。[5]男人的和服通常是一個基本的形狀和主要是穿在柔和的顏色。手續(xù)也取決于類型和顏色的配件、面料、號碼或沒有加們(家徽),有5個波峰代表極端拘謹。[5]絲綢是最理想,最正式的,織物。和服織物制作的如棉和聚酯通常反映出一個更加隨意的風格Kimonosrangefromextremelyformaltocasual.Thelevelofformalityofwomen'skimonoisdetthestyleKimonosrangefromexwithcameraontheModerncitywithcameraontheJapanhasabsorbedmanyideasfromothercountriesoverthecourseofitshistory,includingtechnology,customs,andformsofculturalexpression,andhasdevelopeditsuniqueculturewhileintegratingtheseimports.TheJapaneselifestyletodayisarichblendofAsian-influencedtraditionalcultureandWestern-influencedmodernculture.JapanhasabsorbedmanyideasfoodfoodSushiNowadays,sushibarsareeverywhere.SushiNowadays,sushibarsare

Japanesecuisine

JapanesecuisineJapanesefoodmostlyconsistsoffishinsteadofmeat,andalsosoybeans,soitisgoodforthehealth.Foodsthataremostwellreceivedbyforeignersaretempura「tem'pur?」天婦羅,sukiyaki[suki:'jɑ:ki:]雞素燒,sushi['su:?i:]壽司,sashimi[sɑ:'?i:mi]生魚片,buckwheatnoodles蕎麥面條,andsoybeancurdJapanesefoodmostlyconsistsFirst:Tempura「tem'pur?」天婦羅First:Tempura「tem'pur?」天婦羅2/Sukiyaki[suki:'jɑ:ki:]雞素燒SukiyakiisoneoftherepresentativefoodsofJapan.Thenamecomesfromthefarmer’spadesometimesusedtocookon.Sukiyakirefersdirectlytobroilingbeefonthespade,alongwithsoybeancurd,leeks,andvegetables.Theseasoning調(diào)料includessoysauce[s?:s],sweetsake,andsugar.2/Sukiyaki[suki:'jɑ:ki:]雞素燒Su3Buckwheat['b?kwi:t]noodles蕎麥面條BuckwheatnoodlesorsobaisalsoatypicalJapanesedish.Therearesomepeoplethateatsobaatleastonceaday.Manyofficeworkersmakeitahabittohavesobaforlunch.Sobanoodlesareamixtureofbuckwheat,flour['flau?]面粉andeggs.Itlookssimilartospaghettiinshape.Itisfirstboiled,andthendippedinasoupmadeofsoysauce,salt,sweetsake,andbonito[b?'ni:t?u]shavingswhenitisbeingeaten.Becausesobaislong,itisconsideredasymboloflonglife.3Buckwheat['b?kwi:t]noodles蕎日本介紹(英文版)課件EatingaMealBeforeeating,Japanesepeoplesay"itadakimasu,"apolitephrasemeaning"Ireceivethisfood."Thisexpressesthankstowhoeverworkedtopreparethefoodinthemeal.Aftereating,peopleonceagainexpresstheirthanksforthemealbysaying"gochisosamadeshita,"whichliterallymeans"itwasquiteafeast."EatingaMealTheJapaneseDiningTableThemosttraditionalJapanesemealisaservingofplain,whiterice,alongwithamaindish(fishormeat),somekindofsidedish(oftencookedvegetables),soupandpickledvegetables.TheJapaneseDiningTableThemGeishaGeisha日本介紹(英文版)課件

ThewordGeishaisderivedfrom“Gei”,whichinJapaneseperformanceorentertainer,and“sha”,whichmeans“person”,anddatesback400yearsagototheEdoperiod（江戶時代）.DuringthisperiodtheGeishaentertainedatbanquetsandsocialgatheringsbyplayingShamise(日本三弦琴),singing,andgivingdanceperformances.GeishaThewordGeishaisderived

Thereisoftenamisconception（誤解）bysomethatGeishaareprostitutes（娼妓）,butnothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruthGeishaarerefinedandculturedgirlsandwomanwhoarehighlytrainedinavarietyoftraditionalskills.BesidesplayingShamisen（日本三弦琴）,singing,anddancing,theGeishaperformtheJapaneseteaceremony,andarewellversed(精通的)intheartofconversation.ManylearntospeakEnglishtoentertainWesternguests.Thereisoftenamisconce

ThetraininginvolvedinbecomingaGeishaisveryrigorous（嚴格的）,andbecauseofthisthenumbersofGeishaaredeclining.TodayinJapanesehotelsandrestaurantsGeishastillentertainatbanquetsandsocializewithguests,andtheroleoftheGeishainJapanesesocietyisalwaysasourceofcuriosityfortourists.Thetraininginvolvedinsumo（すもう），古稱素舞，起源于中國，唐朝時傳入日本，由兩名大力士裸露上身，互相角力。日本有關(guān)相撲比較確切的文字記載，是八世紀初編纂成的《日本書紀》，書內(nèi)記述第三十五代天皇（六四一～六四五年）為了接待古代朝鮮百濟國使者，召集了宮廷衛(wèi)士舉行相撲競賽。盡管有人稱，中國相撲和日本有關(guān)系。但日本的相撲是否由中國輸入，目前沒見到明確記載。后來成為日本的國技，日本的國際性的格斗術(shù)和體育運動。作為專業(yè)競技項目，在日本國內(nèi)稱作大相撲。sumo（すもう），古稱素舞，起源于中國，唐朝時傳入日本，（二）武士道精神Bushidō武士道,literally"thewayofthewarrior",isaJapanesewordforthewayofthesamurailife,looselyanalogoustotheconceptofchivalry.

TheBushidooriginatesfromthesamuraimoralcodestressingfrugality,loyalty,martialartsmastery,andhonoruntodeath.BornfromNeo-ConfucianismduringtimesofpeaceinTokugawaJapanandfollowingConfuciantexts,BushidowasalsoinfluencedbyShintoandZenBuddhism,allowingtheviolentexistenceofthesamuraitobetemperedbywisdomandserenity.Bushidōdevelopedbetweenthe9thand20thcenturiesandnumeroustranslateddocumentsdatingfromthe12thto16thcenturiesdemonstrateitswideinfluenceacrossthewholeofJapan,[1]althoughsomescholarshavenoted"thetermbushidōitselfisrarelyattestedinpremodernliteratureBushidō(武士道?),字面上的“戰(zhàn)士”,是一個日語單詞的方式生活的武士,有點類似騎士精神的概念。武士道源于武士的道德準則強調(diào)節(jié)儉、忠誠、武術(shù)精通,榮譽,直到死亡。出生在和平時期的理學在德川日本和遵循儒家文本,武士道也深受神道和佛教禪宗,允許暴力存在的武士來沖淡智慧和平靜。Bushidō之間展開9日和20世紀和眾多的翻譯文檔約會12到16世紀展示其廣泛影響到整個日本,[1]雖然有些學者指出“術(shù)語Bushidō本身是很少在前現(xiàn)代文獻證實（二）武士道精神Bushidō武士道,literally

刀與武士：Inthebushido,theknifeisasymbolofpowerandmilitaryisbrave.Waisttowearwithaknifetosymbolizethispersonhavebushidospiritinmind.Samuraiswordhastwosize,bigsay"knife",smallrib"bad,"saidthetwoknifeiswarriorneverleavingthestatussymbol.,iftheknifeisthesoulofawarrior,so,bravewarrioriswrappedonthesurfaceoftheknifesaidtheidentityofthescabbard,knivesandyongisinseparable在武士道里，刀是力量和武勇的象征。腰上佩帶著刀就象征了此人心中已有武士道精神。武士刀共有大小兩把，大的稱“刀”，小的稱“肋差”，這兩把刀是武士寸步不離的身份象征。如果，刀是武士的靈魂，那么，勇敢就是包裹刀的表面的表示武士身份的刀鞘，刀和勇是密不可分的。

刀與武士：日本的成年禮成人節(jié)：每年1月第2個星期一統(tǒng)一舉行，是受中國“冠禮”的影響。凡年滿20歲的男女青年身穿傳統(tǒng)服裝參加成人儀式，內(nèi)容包括年輕人宣誓、長者的祝賀和參拜神社以及參加各種傳統(tǒng)的文娛活動等。日本的成年禮成人節(jié)：每年1月第2個星期一統(tǒng)一舉行，是受中國“茶道InJapantherearemanyteachtheteaceremonyofvariousgenrestechniquesschool,manyhotelsalsohaveteahouse,caneasilyenjoytheteaceremonyperformance.ButtheJapaneseteaceremonyiseventuallyspreadtoJapanbytheChinesetangdynastyyears.Inancienttimes,JapanandChinahavelong.Tangdynastyperiod,JapansentalargenumberofhimtocometoChina,China'sinfluenceisdeeper.TheJapanesepeoplesaid"ChinaisthehometownoftheJapaneseteaceremony日本國內(nèi)有許多傳授茶道各流派技法的學校，不少賓館也設(shè)有茶室，可以輕松地欣賞到茶道的表演。但日本的茶道最終是由中國唐朝貞觀年間傳到日本的。在古代，日本與中國早有往來。盛唐時期，日本曾派大量使臣來中國，受中國影響較深。日本人民稱“中國是日本茶道的故鄉(xiāng)”。茶道InJapantherearemanyteac日本的花道花道是日本傳統(tǒng)的文化遺產(chǎn)，是隨著佛教從中國傳入日本?；ǖ酪卜Q"插花"、"華道"、"生花"，即把適當剪下的樹枝或花草經(jīng)過藝術(shù)加工后，插入花瓶等器皿中的方法和技術(shù)?；ǖ乐v究藝術(shù)造型，最完美的造型為三角形，最高的一枝象征天，最低的一枝象征地，中間的一枝象征人，表示圓滿如意。日本的花道花道是日本傳統(tǒng)的文化遺產(chǎn)，是隨著佛教從中國傳入日本書道書法在日本不僅盛行，更是人們修行養(yǎng)性的方式之一。古代日本人稱書法叫「入木道」或「筆道」直到江戶時代(十七世紀)，才出現(xiàn)「書道」這個名詞。在日本，用毛筆寫漢字而盛行書法，應當是在佛教傳入之后。僧侶和佛教徒模仿中國，用毛筆抄錄經(jīng)書道書法在日本不僅盛行，更是人們修行養(yǎng)性的方式之一。日本文藝（一）日本文學日本文藝（一）日本文學日本文學只要分為三個時期，上古文學、中古文學以及近現(xiàn)代文學。上古文學（八世紀）：《古事記》、《萬葉集》

中古文學：《源氏物語》、《枕草子》

近現(xiàn)代文學：《我是貓》、《羅生門》、《伊豆的舞女》、《飼育》

日本文學只要分為三個時期，上古文學、中古文學以及近現(xiàn)代文學。（二）日本藝術(shù)日本傳統(tǒng)戲?。焊栉杓?、能劇、木偶凈琉璃、狂言。日本傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)品：浮世繪、和紙、手工風鈴日本影視：電影：《伊豆的舞女》電視劇：《東京愛情故事》動漫與游戲：《機器貓》、《最終