大學英語第一課-friendship-課件

Unit2friendship2英語13-12020/12/271BR_QuestionsandAnswers5Canyougivesomeexamplesofgreatfriendship?2020/12/272MarxvaluedEngels’friendshipsohighlythatheoncesaidhelovedandadmiredhisfriendverymuch.EngelshadbeenaidingMarxwhosufferedgreatlyfrombitterpoverty.WereitnotforthehelpMarxobtainedfromEngels,Marxwouldhardlyhavebeenabletoovercomepovertyandhesurelywouldnothaveleftbehindhimamonument.BR_MarxandEnglesMarxandEngels2020/12/273BR_WordWeb1WordWebThestoriesinthisunitareaboutfriendship.Canyouraisesomeofthewordswhicharerelatedtofriendship?Friendship2020/12/274BR_WordWeb2Friendshipdurableperpetualtrustwarmcloseintimateeverlastinggeneroushelpgenuinelifelongenduringlong-standing2020/12/275BR_Topic-relatedPrediction1Topic-relatedPrediction1.TextAistitledAlltheCabbieHadWasaLetter.Beforeyoureadthestory,thinkabouttheanswerstothefollowingquestions.Whatdoesacabbiedo?Whowrotethelettertothecabbie?Whywasallthecabbiehadonlyaletter?2020/12/276BR_Topic-relatedPrediction22.ReadthelastsentenceofTextAandtrytoguesswhatthestoryisabout.WhenIgottomyhotelroomIdidn’tunpackrightaway.FirstIhadtowritealetter—andmailit.3.ReadTextAasquicklyaspossible,andfindoutifyouareright.Canyousummarizethestorywiththreesentences?Keywords:lostinthought;readaletter;anoldfriend;lifelongfriendship;regret;authordecided2020/12/277BR_Warm-upQuestionsWarm-upQuestions1.Doyouoftenwriteletterstoyourfriends?2.Didyoueverwritealetterwhichwasnotsent?Whydidyoukeepit?2020/12/278GR_ScanningScanningWhichofthefollowingstatementsisthetheme.1.Oneshouldkeepintouchwithhisfriends.2.Neverdelayexpressingyourtruefeelingstoafriend.3.Atruefriendwillstandbyyouforever.4.Lateisbetterthannever.Neverdelayexpressingyourtruefeelingstoafriend.2020/12/279GR_GroupDiscussion1GroupDiscussion1.Thefollowingquestionsarewhatthenarratoraskedthecabdriver.Putthemintherightorder.1)Didyougotoschooltogether?2)Thelettermusthavemadeyoufeelgood,didn’tit?3)Isyourcabavailable?4)Ishesomeoneyou’veknownquiteawhile?5)Ishedead?6)IthoughtyourfriendwasEd.WhydidhesignitTom?7)Istheletterfromachildoragrandchild?

8)Didyoutwoworkatthesameplace?

→3()7()4()1()5()8()2()6()→→→→→→2020/12/2710GR_PartDivisionoftheText1PartDivisionoftheTextFromaconversationwiththecabdrivertheauthorlearnedhowmuchheregrettedfailingtokeepupcorrespondencewithhisoldfriendEd.Readingtheletterbyhimself,theauthorlearnedmoreaboutthelifelongfriendshipbetweenthedriverandOldEd.2020/12/2711Hehadonlyseenhimonceortwiceayear.GR_TrueorFalseFTrueorFalse1.Thedrivercaughtacoldthatday.()Hehadjustcried.2.ThedriverhadneverseenEdinthepast25or30years.

F()3.Thedriverhadneverforgottenhisoldfriend.T()4.Thenarratorwasquiteeagertoreadtheletter.

F()Hethoughtitwasverypersonal.2020/12/2712GR_QuestionsandAnswers1QuestionsandAnswers1.WhatdidthedriverandEdusetodobeforetheygotmarried?Theywenttoschoolandpassedtimetogether.

2020/12/2713GR_QuestionsandAnswers22.Whowrotetheletter?Whodidthenarratorthinkhadwrittentheletter?Findoutsentencesthatdemonstratethenarrator’smisunderstanding.Thedriverwrotetheletter.ThenarratorthoughtthatEdhadwrittentheletter.Forexample,“IknowI’dliketoreceivealetterlikethatfrommyoldestfriend.”

2020/12/27143.Whatdidthenarratordecidetodowhenhearrivedatthehotel?Why?Hedecidedtowritealetterandmailitimmediatelybecausehewouldn’twaituntilitwastoolate.2020/12/2715DR_Atleasttheydowith…AtleasttheydowithmebecauseI’montheroadsomuch.Paraphrasethesentence.AtleastlettersfromhomemeanalottomebecauseItravelalotforlongdistances.2020/12/2716DR_belostinbelostin/loseoneselfin:beabsorbedin;befullyoccupiedwithHewaslostinplayingcomputergamessohewasunawareofmyenteringtheroom.Ihadlostmyselfinthought.他忙于這項工作而對周圍的一切都很漠然。2020/12/2717DR_orsomethingorsomething:

usedwhenyouarenotverysureaboutwhatyouhavejustsaidTheairfarewasahundredandninety-ninepoundsorsomething.Here’ssomemoney.Getyourselfasandwichorsomething.NB:同義的短語：orsomethinglikethatShe'swritingadictionaryorsomething.她在編寫詞典之類的書。2020/12/2718DR_goaheadgoahead:

continue;begin(sometimesfollowedbywith+n.)Theboardofdirectorswillvotetodayonwhethertogoaheadwiththeplan.Henrywillbelatebutwewillgoaheadwiththemeetinganyway.2020/12/2719DR_estimate1estimate:1.vt.

formajudgmentabout(aquantityorvalue)Weestimatehisincometobeabout$8,000ayear.我估計她有35歲。Iestimateherageat35.2.n.

approximatecalculationorjudgmentmadeaboutaquantityorvalue估價，判斷Accordingtosomeestimates,thenumberoffarmshasincreasedby50percent.Myestimateofhercharacterwaswrong.2020/12/2720DR_estimate2CF:這組詞都有“估計”或“估價”的意思。estimate

指先于實際的測量、計算或測試而作的某種估計或估價，可以是經(jīng)過仔細考慮，也可以是隨意的。estimate,evaluate&valueHeestimatedhewoulddothehundredmilesbynoon.他估計自已到中午時能走完這一百英里路。Iaskedthreebuildingfirmstoestimatefortherepairstothehouse.

我請三個建筑公司估計修繕房屋的費用。2020/12/2721DR_estimate3CF:evaluate

很少表示用金錢來估計某物的市場價值，而是對其相對或內(nèi)在價值的評定。Theresearchprojecthasonlybeenunderwayforthreemonths,soit’stooearlytoevaluateitssuccess.這個研究項目進行了不過三個月，所以要對它的效果作出評價為時尚早。

value

指估計某物的價值、價格。

Hevaluedthehouseformeat￡3,500.他為我給這幢房子估價，價值3,500英鎊。2020/12/2722DR_estimate4Putintoeachgaponeoftheabovewords.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Howdoteacherstheirstudents’work?2.Itwasthatthereweremorethan2,250,000spidersinoneacreofgrassfield.3.Theyhavegonetohavetheirjewelsevaluate________estimated

_________valued

______.CF:estimate,evaluate&value2020/12/2723DR_mayaswellmight/may(just)aswell:

Ifyousaythatyoumight/may(just)aswelldosth.,youmeanthatyouwilldoitalthoughyoudonothaveastrongdesiretodoitandmayevenfeelslightlyreluctantaboutit.Anyway,you’rehere;youmightaswellstay.Thepostofficeisreallybusy.We’llhavetoqueueforagestogetserved.Wemightaswellgohome.這道甜食我還是不吃了吧。Imightaswellgivethesweetcourseamiss.

2020/12/2724DR_notmuchofnotmuchof:notagood…天氣不是很好。Itisnotmuchofaday.Somepeoplemaythinkthatdoinghouseworkforothersisnotmuchofacareer.Heisnotmuchofafather,butheisanoutstandingprofessor.2020/12/2725DR_keepup1keepup:continuewithoutstoppingIwassohungryallthetimethatIcouldnotkeepthedietupforlongerthanamonth.Collocation:keeptokeepupwith

keepon

keepoutofkeepoff

堅持；信守跟上；趕上繼續(xù)進行；反復地做躲開；（使）置身于…之外避開；不讓…接近2020/12/2726DR_keepup2Putintoeachgaponeofthephrases.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.thegrass!

2.Ifthisrain,thegardenwillberuined.3.Trytotrouble.4.Don’trun—Ican’tyou.

5.Hejustwriting,payingnoattentiontothecryofthebaby.6.Healwayshispromises.Keepoff

_______keepsup

________keepoutof

__________keepupwith

___________kepton

_______keepsto

_______2020/12/2727DR_correspondence2Collocation:carryoncorrespondence

breakoffcorrespondence

business/commercialcorrespondence

personalcorrespondence

incorrespondencewith

進行通信中斷通信商業(yè)書信私人通信與…有通信聯(lián)系2020/12/2728DR_kindofkindof/sortof:(“kindof”esp.AmE,“sortof”esp.BrE)alittlebit;insomewayordegree(usedbeforeverb

orafteralinkverb)Theboy’sdescriptionkindofgivesusanideaofwhat’shappening.Shewasn’tbeautiful.Butshewaskindofcute.她有點希望能受到邀請。Shekindofhopedtobeinvited.2020/12/2729DR_keepintouch

keepintouch(withsb.):Ifyoukeepintouchwithsomeone,youwriteto,phone,orvisiteachotherregularly.Theoldmankeptintouchwithhischildrenwhilelivinginanursinghome.WhiledoingtheresearchworkintheAntarctic,theprofessorkeptintouchwith

hisstudentsviaemail.Collocation:stayintouchwith

與…保持聯(lián)系getintouchwith與…取得聯(lián)系2020/12/2730DR_comeup1comeup:

1.happenoroccur,esp.unexpectedlySorry,Iamlate—somethingcameupathome.2.bementionedordiscussedTheissueofsafetycameuptwiceduringthemeeting.NewsaboutProjectHopehascomeupalotaftertheearthquakeinvariousmedia.2020/12/2731DR_comeup2Collocation:comeacrosscomealongcomedown

comeover

comethrough

comeupwith

偶遇，碰到進展；出現(xiàn)流傳下來；落魄，失勢從遠處來，過來；短暫造訪

經(jīng)歷（困難），安然度過想出（計劃、答案、回答等）

2020/12/2732DR_comeup3Putintoeachgaponeofthephrases.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Hecouldn’tanappropriateanswerjustatthetime.

2.How’syourwork?

3.Theselegendstousfromthe15thcentury.

4.Theoldmanwas90yearsoldandluckytohisoperation.

5.We’vejustanoldfriendwehaven’tseenforages.

6.andseeussometime.

comeupwith

____________comingalong

____________camedown

__________comethrough

____________comeacross

___________Comeover

_________2020/12/2733urgesb.todosth.

urge+that-clause.DR_urgeurge:vt.

tryveryhardtopersuade

Theyurgedthelocalgovernmenttoapproveplansfortheirreformprogram.SirFredurgedthatBritain(should)jointheEuropeanMonetarySystem.Pattern:

2020/12/2734DR_postpone1postpone:vt.delay(usu.followedbyn./gerund)

Thecouplehadpostponedhavingchildrentoestablishtheircareers.我們把比賽從3月5日推遲到3月19日舉行。WepostponedthematchfromMarch5thtoMarch19th.

CF:postpone&delay這組詞都有“延緩”或“耽擱”的意思。postpone

指將某事推遲或耽擱延后進行，也可以用來比喻將某人或某物置于次要地位。例如：2020/12/2735DR_postpone2Itisnotrightforhimtopostponethepublicinterest.他將公眾利益放在后面是不對的。CF:delay指由于干擾或意外事故而延誤，特別是延誤了某事的預期完成或某人某物的按時到達。有時也可能是由于主觀原因故意造成的拖延或耽擱。例如：Thefloodseriouslydelayedthetrainservice.

洪水嚴重延誤了鐵路運輸。Ourdebtordelayspaymentfromdaytoday.欠我們債的人一天又一天地拖延還款。Theballgamewaspostponedbecauseoftherain.球賽因雨延期。2020/12/2736DR_postpone3Putintoeachgaponeoftheabovewords.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Theshipwastwohours.

2.Weareourtripuntiltheweathergrowswarmer.

delayed

_______postponing

__________CF:postpone&delay2020/12/2737DR_reference2Collocation:areferencebook

areferencelibrary

forreference

in/withreferenceto

參考書，工具書（不外借書的）參考書閱覽室作參考關(guān)于2020/12/2738DR_Ithadreferences…Ithadreferencestothingsthatprobablymeantsomethingtothedriver.1.Whatdoesitreferto?Itreferstotheletter.2.Whatdoesreferencemeanhere?Itmeanstheactofmentioning.3.Paraphrasethesentence.Thelettermentionedsomethingthatmightbeimportanttothedriver.2020/12/2739DR_Likeitsaysthere…“Likeitsaysthere,”heanswered,“aboutallwehadtospendinthosedayswastime.”Translatethesentence.他回答說，“我倆在那個時候能花的只有時間?！?020/12/2740DR_hangout2hangabout/around

hangon

hangover

hangup

（在…）閑逛（打電話時用語）不掛斷；堅持下去

掛在…上；籠罩，威脅掛斷電話；擱置，拖延2020/12/2741DR_Butwehungout…Butwehungoutonthesamecornerwhenweweresingle.ParaphrasethesentenceandtranslateitintoChinese.Butwepassedourfreetimetogetherbeforewegotmarried.不過沒成家時我倆總在一起閑蕩。2020/12/2742DR_nowandthen(every)nowandthen:EverynowandthenIhaveadesiretoquitmytediousjob.

IstillseeJaneforluncheverynowandthen,butnotasoftenasIusedto.Collocation:nowandagain

nowornever

不時地勿失良機NB:表示“偶爾、有時”的詞和短語：1.at

2.(every)nowand3.(every)nowand

4.(every)once5.from

6.some

7.on

8.occly

times

_____then

____again

_____inawhile

_________timetotime

___________times

_____occasion

________asional

______2020/12/2743DR_awfulawful:adj.(usedtoaddforce)verygreat;verybadorunpleasantIhavegotanawfullotofworktodo.

Ican’tbeartheawfulsmellofcigarettesmoke.That'sanawfullotofmoney.

那是很多很多錢??！2020/12/2744DR_Yourfriendshipover…Yourfriendshipovertheyearshasmeantanawfullottome,morethanIcansaybecauseI’mnotgoodatsayingthingslikethat.Paraphrasethesentence.Yourfriendshipovertheyearshasbeenveryimportanttome,moreimportantthanIcansaybecauseI’mnotgoodatexpressingmyfeelings.2020/12/2745DR_rightawayrightaway:

atonce

Tomhasgotahighfever;heshouldgoandseeadoctorrightaway.

Iwrotehimaletterandposteditrightaway.

NB:表示“立即、馬上”的詞和短語：1.at3.imly

5.ply

7.straight2.dly

4.inly

6.rightonce

____mediate

_______rompt

_____irect

____stant

____away

____away

____2020/12/2746AR_Writing_mainWritingPracticeABriefIntroductionSampleLetterHomeworkHowtoWritePersonalLetters?IdeasForWritingYourPersonalLetter2020/12/2747AR_UsefulExpressions1UsefulExpressions1.完全沉浸于

becompletelylostin2.引起…的注意getsb.’sattention3.坐進后座settleintothebackseat5.不著急innohurry6.接著，繼續(xù)goahead7.記住了，能背出來knowsth.byheart4.

得了感冒什么的haveacoldorsomething2020/12/2748AR_UsefulExpressions28.家書抵萬金。Lettersfromhomealwaysmeanalot.9.老是在外旅行beontheroadsomuch10.不大會…notmuchofahandat…11.保持通信往來keepupcorrespondenceallthewaythroughbothgradeandhighschool12.從小學一直到高中13.老街坊anoldneighborhood2020/12/2749AR_UsefulExpressions315.失去聯(lián)系losetouch16.老同學聚會

aclassreunion17.

時間不饒人。Timegoesby.18.在一起閑逛hangoutonthesamecorner19.點頭稱是nodinagreement20.在遠處

inthedistance14.

沉默insilence2020/12/2750AR_Writing

Style1Writing

Style1.FindoutsentencesfromTextAsimilarinmeaningtothosegivenbelow.

1)Goonreadingyourletter.

2)I’mnotusedtowritingletters.

Goaheadandfinishyourletter.

I’mnotmuchofahandatwriting.

3)Wewerefriendssinceourchildhood.Soourfriendshiphasalonghistory.

Wewerekidstogether,sowegowayback.

2020/12/2751AR_Writing

Style24)Foronereasonoranotheryoulosetoucheventhoughyouneverforget.

Youkindoflosetoucheventhoughyouneverforget.

5)Itispainfultoloseanyfriend.

It’snofuntoloseanyfriend.

2.Trytomakethefollowingsentencescomplete.1)Fromachildormaybeagrandchild?2)Wenttoschooltogether?Istheletterfromachildormaybeagrandchild?

Didyougotoschooltogether?

2020/12/2752AR_Writing

Style33)Diedacoupleofweeksago.4)Enjoyedtalkingwithyou.Hediedacoupleofweeksago.

I’veenjoyedtalkingwithyou.

3.Whatcharacteristicsdothesentencesfromthetextshare?Theyareverycolloquial.

2020/12/2753

Mostofthistextisactuallyare-creationoftheconversationbetweenataxidriverandthenarrator.ThereforeitprovidesampleexamplesofhowEnglishisspokenindailylifebynativespeakers.InspokenEnglishsentencestendtobeshortandsimple.Somesentencesareincomplete.Besides,somewordsorphrasesdonotusuallyfindtheirwayintowrittenEnglish,forexample,sortof,kindof,youknow,Ithink,Iguess,Itakeit,well,goahead,hangout,it’snofuntodosth.,notmuchofahandatdoingsth.,acoupleof,everynowandthen,anawfullot,etc.AR_Writing

Style4

4.

SaysomethingaboutthedifferencesbetweenspokenEnglishandwrittenEnglish.

2020/12/2754AR_DiscussionDiscussion1.Thetextsinthisunitareaboutfriendship.Decidewhichofthefollowingstatementsyouagreeordisagreewith.—Realfriendsarealwaysofthesamesex.—Childhoodfriendshiprarelylastsintoadulthood.—Timeanddistancecanneveralterrealfriendship.2.Writedowntwonames:achildhoodfriendyoustillrememberandaclosefriendnow.Howsimilarordifferentareyourrelationshipswitheachone?2020/12/2755AR_ABriefIntroduction1Personalletters,suchasletterstoyourfamilyandfriends,areoftenwrittenmorelikeconversations.Youcanwritealettertothanksomeone,sharefamilyandschoolnews,passoninterestinginformation,describewhathasbeenhappening,orcommunicatehumorousstories.Ifyouhavefriendsorfamilywholiveadistancefromyou,whynotwritethemalettertokeepintouch?Eveniftheylivecloseby,aletterisaspecialwayofshowingyouarethinkingaboutthem.HowtoWritePersonalLetters?2020/12/2756AR_ABriefIntroduction2Youcanformatapersonalletteranywayyoulike,butthereareafewimportantelementsthatyouneedtoinclude,suchas:Date—thedateyouarewritingtheletterGreeting—sayhellotothepersonyouarewritingtoContent—whyyouarewriting,newsandinformationClosing—thewayyouendyourletterSignature—signyournametomakeitpersonalandfriendlyP.S.—postscript.YoucanuseaP.S.toaddsomethingattheendoftheletterthatyouforgottosayearlier.AP.S.alwayscomesatthebottomoftheletter,belowyoursignature.2020/12/2757AR_ABriefIntroduction3IdeasForWritingYourPersonalLetterAreyoustuckforideasaboutwhattotalkaboutinaletter?Herearesometipsforyou.Talkaboutfamilybirthdays,specialevents,tripsyou’vebeenon.Sharefunnystoriesaboutyourpets.Talkaboutyournewcomputergame,CDorDVD.WishsomeoneaHappyBirthday.Writesomenewsaboutschool—yourteacher,yourfriend,specialvisitorsandactivities.2020/12/2758AR_ABriefIntroduction4Writeaboutwhat’shappeninginyourcity.Talkaboutagreatbookyou’veread,oranexcitingfilmyou’veseen.Askquestionstofindoutwhatthey’vebeendoingandwhatintereststhem.2020/12/2759AR_SampleLetter1April14,2009DearMike,Thankssomuchforthegreatbirthdaypresent.Ireallyloveit!I’vewantedthatCDforages.Howdidyouknow?Youarereallycool!I’vebeenworkingreallyhardatschool.We’vegotsomeexamscomingup,soI’vegotheapsofstudytodo.HopefullyI’llremembereverything!Ihateexams!SampleLetter2020/12/2760AR_SampleLetter2LastweekendIstayedatJacquie’splace.Westudiedtogether(yes,Iactuallydiddosomehomeworkaswell)andIwenttoapartythatreallyrocked.Seeyouintheholidays.ThanksagainfortheCD.Yourstruly,MaryP.S.Mumsayshello.2020/12/2761AR_Homework1HomeworkYouandyourbestfriendMingwenttodifferentuniversitiesaftergraduationfromhighschool.WritealettertoMing.Askabouthisuniversitylifeandwritesomenewsaboutyourcampuslife.AlsodiscussabouthowtospendthecomingNationalDayholiday.2020/12/2762AR_Homework2Sep.17,2009DearMing,ItfeelslikesuchalongtimesincethelasttimeIsawyou.Iknowit’sonlybeenseveralweeks,butImissyousomuch.Life’sjustnotthatmuchfunwithoutyou.Atleastwecanstillwriteletterstoeachother!Doyoulikeyournewschool?Isitbeautiful?Haveyoumadeanynewfriendyet?Haveyougotanymilitarytraining?Haveyouseenanygoodmovielately?HowareyougoingwiththatcomputergameIgaveyou?Haveyoubeatenmyrecordyet?Ibetyoucan’t!I’msoeagertoknowaboutyourlifeinBeijing.Justtellme!2020/12/2763AR_Homework3Asforme,IamquitebusythesedayswiththeEnglishspeechcontestsponsoredbythecampusEnglishAssociation.Ihavewonthefirstroundofthecontest,andI’mgoingtocompeteagainstelevenotherspeakersinthesecondround.Onlythreeofuscanenterthefinalround.Thecompetitionissofierce!Iamenjoyingitsofar.TheNationalDayholidayiscoming.Howareyougoingtospendthisweek-longholiday?WillyoucomebacktoNanjing?Infact,Iamplanningtospendmyvacationhere.AndIamlookingforwardtoseeingyou.Iamexcitedtosharewithyoumyuniversitylife.2020/12/2764AR_Homework4