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初中階段,要求學(xué)生掌握動詞6種時態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)(一般現(xiàn)在時,一般過去時,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時,過去進(jìn)行時,現(xiàn)在完成時,和一般將來時態(tài))及它們的主要用法和區(qū)別。了解過去將來、過去完成時態(tài)的基本用法,解題時注意找出關(guān)鍵詞,正確判斷出時態(tài),按時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)正確變化動詞。注意句子時態(tài)的一致性,注意對特殊時態(tài)的處理。1、一般現(xiàn)在時:用法:1) 現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性,習(xí)慣性的動作。例如:Igetupatsixeverymorning.Heplaystennisonceaweek.2) 現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。例如:Mymotherisateacher.SheteachesEnglishinaschool.3) 客觀真理。例如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.4)常用于一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的時間狀語:often,usually,sometimes,always,everyday,never,inthemorning等連用時。構(gòu)成:主語是I,we,you,they和名詞復(fù)數(shù)時作謂語的行為動詞用原形。主語是he,she,it和名詞單數(shù)時,動詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變法如下:一般情況+s以s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾+es以輔音+y結(jié)尾變y為i+es主語為第三人稱和名詞單數(shù)時:肯定式:S+V/動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)否定式:S+don't/doesn't+V+其他疑問式:Do/Does+S+V+其他簡略回答:(肯)Yes,S+do/does(否)No,S+do/doesnot注意:have的第三人稱單數(shù)為has主語肯定式否定式疑問式第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù)Iamastudent.We/You/Theyarestudents.He/Sheisastudent.I/We/You/They/likemusic.Manypeoplelikemusic.Iamnotastudent.We/You/Theyarenotstudents.He/Sheisnotastudent.I/We/You/They/don'tlikemusic.Manypeopledon'tlikemusic.Areyouastudent.Areyou/theystudents?Ishe/sheastudent?Doyou/theylikemusic?Domanypeoplelikemusic?? 當(dāng)主語是第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù)時:肯定式:S+be+…否定式:S+be+not+…疑問式:Am/Is/Are+S+…?實用文檔簡略回答:(肯)Yes,S+be.(否)No,S+be.練習(xí)題:---MayIhelpyou,sir?---Yes,IboughttheTVthedaybeforeyesterday,butit .A.didn'tworkB.doesn'tworkC.won'tworkD.can'twork2. thebusuntilit ..A.Getoff,stopsB.Getoff,willstopC.Don'tgetoff,stopsD.Don'tgetoff,willstop3.The70-year-oldman exercisesinthemorning.A.takesB.aretakingC.tookD.willtake現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時用法:1) 說話時正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作(動作是在說話時正在進(jìn)行)。例如:Sheishavingabathnow.2) 現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作(但是動作并不是必須在說話時正在進(jìn)行)。例如:Youareworkinghardtoday.KatewantstoworkinItaly,sosheislearningItalian.Thepopulationoftheworldisgrowingveryfast.3) 頻度副詞always,forever等詞連用時,表示某種強(qiáng)烈的感情。如:Heisalwaystryingoutnewideas.(表示欣賞,表揚)4) 表示按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作(僅限于go,come,arrive,leave,start,fly,begin,stay等動詞)。如Thepartyisbeginningat8:00o'clock..5)常用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)的時間狀語:now,look,listen等。構(gòu)成:be+v-ingv-ing現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成:一般情況cook-cooking以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的單詞。去e,加ingmake-making,taste-tasting以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞,末尾只有一個輔音字母時.run-running,stop-stopping,2)肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式肯定句:S+be+V-ing否定句:S+be+not+V-ing一般疑問句:Is(Are)+S+V-ing?特殊疑問:wh_+be+S+V-ing?e.g.主語肯定式否定式疑問式第一、二人稱和Iamdriving.Iamnotdriving.Areyoudriving?第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù)He/She/Itisworking.We/You/They are doingsomething.He/She/Itisnotworking.We/You/Theyarenotdoinganything.Ishe/she/itworking?Are you/they doingsomething?練習(xí)題:1.Idon'tthinkthatit'strue.She's lies.A.tellB.tellsC.tellingD.toldHow you withthenewjob?A.do,doB.do,getalongC.are,doingD.are,gettingon3.---Arethesesocksyours?---No.Mine outsideontheclothesline.A.arehangingB.havehungC.hangD.hung—般將來時用法:1.將要發(fā)生的動作。例如:IwillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.2.將要存在的狀態(tài)。例如:ThistimenextyearIwillbeinJapan.Wherewillyoube?3.打算要做的事。例如:Areyougoingtowatchthefilmontelevisiontonight?常用于一般將來時的時間狀語:tomorrownextweek in2008等。構(gòu)成:助動詞will(shall)+vbe+goingto+v練習(xí)題:I forHongKongonSaturday.Willyougotoseemeoffattheairport?A.amleavingB.amleft C.amgoingtoleavingD.left2.I toseegrandmaandhelpherwithsomehouseworkeveryweek.A.came B.amgoingcomeC.comeD.willcomeWeChinese theOlympicGamesin2008.A.held B.shallholdingC.areholdingD.aregoingtohold一般過去時用法:過去發(fā)生的動作。例如:Thepolicestoppedmeonmywayhomelastnight.實用文檔2.過去存在的狀態(tài)。例如Theyweren'tabletocomebecausetheyweresobusy.3.常用于一般過去時的時間狀語:yesterday,threemonthsago,lastyear,in1979,等。?構(gòu)成:S+V-ed用動詞的過去式。作謂語的行為動詞的詞尾變化如下一般情況+ed以e字母結(jié)尾的輔音+d以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾去y變i+ed重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞,末尾只有一個輔音字母雙寫詞尾字母+ed2)一般過去時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式(以be和like為例):主語肯定式否定式疑問式Iwasastudent.Iwasnotastudent.Wereyouastudent.We/You/TheywereWe/You/TheywerenotWereyou/theystudents?第一、二人稱和第三人students.students.Washe/sheastudent?稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù)He/Shewasastudent.He/Shewasnotastudent.Didyou/theylikemusic?I/We/You/They/likedI/We/You/They/Didmanypeoplelikemusic?music.didn'tlikemusic.ManypeoplelikedManypeopledidn'tlikemusic.music.練習(xí)題:1.r.Mottisout.Buthe hereafewminutesago.A.wasB.is C.willbeD.wouldbe2.---Hi,Tom.---Hello,Fancy.I youwerehere.A.don'tknowB.won'tthinkC.thinkD.didn'tknow3.HepromisedtotellmebyhimselfwhenI .A.come B.wouldcomeC.comeD.hadcome5、過去進(jìn)彳丁時?概念:1)過去某一階段或某一時刻正在進(jìn)丁的動作。例如:ThistimelastyearIwaslivinginBrazil.Whatwereyoudoingat10o'clocklastnight?2)常用于過去進(jìn)丁時的時間狀語:文案大全atfouryesterdayafternoon,then,atthattime/moment等。構(gòu)成:was/were+v-ing1)Daddypromisedmehe meacomputerA.wasboughtB.hadboughtCboughtD.wouldbuy2)Theysaidthey dosomesportsifitwasfine.A.weregoingtoB.wentC.wouldgoingD.weregoing6、現(xiàn)在完成時概念:1) 表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.常與already,just,ever,never,before等詞連用.如:Shehasneverreadthisnovel.2) 表示“過去的動作”一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去.常與for(后跟段時間)或since(后跟點時間)等連用.如:IhavebeenamemberofthePartyfor10years.IhavebeenamemberofthePartysince10yearsago.注:在有for和since引導(dǎo)時間狀語的句子中不能用短暫性動詞,應(yīng)用與之相應(yīng)的表示狀態(tài)的詞。如:Hehasdiedfor3years.(F)Hehasbeendeadfor3years.(T)注:①現(xiàn)在完成時不能和表示明確的過去時間連用。如:in1998,lastmorning等②have/hasbeento表示“去過"(去了又回來了)have/hasgoneto表示“去過”(去了沒回來了)如:Wherehasshegone?(句中所指的人不在)Wherehasshebeen?(句中作指的人在)構(gòu)成:have/has+v-ing2)現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式(以be和see為例):肯定句:S+have(has)+V-ed否定句:S+have(has)+not(haven't,hasn't)+V-ed一般疑問句:Have(Has)+S+V-ed+?特殊疑問句:wh_+have(has)+S+V-ed+?主語肯定式否定式疑問式第一、二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)以及名詞復(fù)數(shù)I/We/You/Theyhavebeenherebefore.He/Shehasbeenherebefore..I/We/You/They/Manypeoplehaveseenthefilm.I/We/You/Theyhaven'tbeenherebefore.He/Shehasn'tbeenherebefore..I/We/You/They/Manypeoplehaven'tseenthefilm.Haveyou/theybeenherebefore?Hashe/shebeenherebefore?Haveyou/they/manypeopleseenthefilm?練習(xí)題:1.--Howlong he afever?---Eversincelastnight.A.have,gotB.have,hadC.have,caughtD.did,haveMybowlisempty.Who allmysoup?A.drinksB.haddrunkC.hasdrunkD.drankI youforalongtime.Where you ?A.Didn'tseen;did,goB.didn'tsee;have,goneC.haven'tseen;have,beenD.haven'tseen;havegone7、過去完成時態(tài)用法:1、表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作。他表示的時間是“過去的過去”常與bylastyear,bythetimeofyesterday,等連用。如:Shesaidshehadseenthefilm4times.WhenMrLigottotheclassroom,allthestudentshadbegunreading.Bythetimetheyarrived,thebushadleft.2、表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)。常與for(后跟段時間)或since(后跟點時間)等連用.如:Shehadworkedinthisschoolsinceitopened25yearsago.構(gòu)成:肯定式:had+V_ed否定式:hadn't+V_ed疑問式:Had…+V_ed簡略回答:Yes,S+have/hashad.No,S+had實用文檔選擇最佳答案填空()1.Wellgoswimmingiftheweather finetomorrow.A.is B.wasC.willbeD.isgoingtobe()2.It fiveyearssincehehasleftforBeijing.A.wasB.hasbeenC.is D.isgoingtobe()3.Pleasedontleavetheofficeuntilyourfriend back.A.cameB.comesC.havecome D.willcome()4.Bytheendoflastyearhe about1500Englishwords.A.learnsB.learnedC.waslearningD.hadlearned()5.Listen!Someone inthenextroom.A.criedB.cryingC.iscryingD.hascried()6.Youmusttellhimthenewsassoonasyou him.A.seeB.seesC.willseeD.isseeing()7.Hetoldmethathe toseeusthenextday.A.comesB.came C.willcome D.wouldcome()8.Wecantfindhimanywhere.Perhapshe home.A.isgoingB.wentC.hascomeD.wouldcome()9.Theteachertoldusthatthesun biggerthantheearth.A.isB.wasC.hasbeen D.willbe()10.Couldyoutellmewheretherailwaystation ?A.wasB.isC.willbe D.wouldbe()11.We totheGreatWallseveraltimes.A.goB.weregoingC.havegoneD.havebeen()12.Itseemedthattheoldman forsomethingoverthere.A.looks B.looked C.waslooking D.haslooked()13.Hewassurethathe hiswalletintheoffice.A.leftB.wouldleave C.hadleft D.hasleft()14.Youmuststudyhardifyou wanttofailtheexam.A.wontB.dontC.haventD.hadnt()A.dont()A.read,wasfalling(15.Imafraidyoucantsithere.Sorry,I know.B.wont C.cant D.didnt16.Asshe thenewspaper()A.dont()A.read,wasfalling(15.Imafraidyoucantsithere.Sorry,I know.B.wont C.cant D.didnt16.Asshe thenewspaper,Granny asleep.B.wasreadingfell C.wasreading,wasfalling D.read,fell)17.Jimisnotcomingtonight.B.promisedI_A.promises(許諾)( )18.Whatshername?A.forget B.forgot三、動詞時態(tài)能力綜合測試( )1.Heoften hisclothesonSundays.A.washing B.washes C.haswashed( )2.I'mChinese.Where from?A.doyoucome B.youarecoming( )3.May toschool.A.neverwalks B.isneverwalking( )4.Wewillstartassoonasourteacher___A.comes B.willcome C.come( )5.Howlongago playingfootball?A.haveyoustopped B.hadyoustopped( )6.It hardwhenIleftmyhouse.Buthe !C.willpromiseC.hadforgottenD.hadpromisedD.amforgettingC.youcomeC.walkneverD.washD.iscomingC.didyoustopD.areyoucomingD.neveriswalkingD.doyoustopD.willrainA.israining B.rains C.wasraining( )7.Ithinkthisquestion toanswer.A.easy B.iseasy C.waseasy( )8.Donttalksoloudly.Yourfather A.sleepsB.issleeping C.slept D.hadslept( )9.Howmanypeopledoesthedoctorknowwho ofthedisease(疾病)?A.aredying B.isdying C.hasdied D.dies( )10.I myhomeworknow.A.finish B.finishedD.willeasyC.havefinishedD.hadfinished實用文檔()11.He forthreeyears.A.hasjoined B.hasbeeninthearmy C.joined D.hasservedthearmy()12.Hisgrandfather forthirtyyears.A.died B.wasdead C.hasbeendeadD.hasdied()13.I frommybrotherforalongtime.A.nothaveheard B.havenotheard C.haveheardnot D.donothear()14.Maths,oneofthemostimportantsubjects, alwaysinterestedhim.A.hasB.haveC.are D.is()15.DidyourbrothergotoAmericalastyear? .A.No,hedidnevergothereB.No,hehasnevergonehereC.No,heneverwasthere D.No,hehasneverbeenthere()16.He thatfactorysince1958.A.hasleftB.hasworkedinC.hasgonefrom D.hascometo()17.Ourteacher toBeijingthreetimes.A.went B.hadgone C.hasgoneD.hasbeen()18.LastweekJohn hisleg.A.feltandbroken B.fellandbroke C.feelsandbreaks D.fallenandbroken()19.Jack histhickcoatbecauseitwassnowing.A.putsonB.putonC.takesonD.tookon()20.He thepictureonthewall.A.hangedB.hungC.hashangedD.washanged()21.Nextmonth twentyfive.A.hasmysister B.mysisterwillbe C.mysistershallhave D.mysisteri

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