英語詞語重音教學(xué)實(shí)用方法

關(guān)于英語詞語重音教學(xué)實(shí)用方法第1頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三201306072Themostimportantsyllableinawordisthestressedsyllable,theprimarycueforidentifyingtheword.Wordstress:communicativelyimportantandteachableWordstress:bridgingthecontinuumbetweensegmentalsandsuprasegmentalsEnglishPronunciationinCommunicationstartsfromthelearningofstress(SeeUnit1)WordStressinEnglish第2頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三201306073

1.LevelsofStressinEnglishWords

Stressedsyllable:Unstressedsyllableprimarystressmajorstressheavystressstressedsyllable

Secondary/minorstress第3頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三201306074Stressedandunstressedsyllablescanbedistinguishedbydifferencesinlength,pitch,loudness,orvowelquality.Englishmakesuseofallthesedistinctions.第4頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三201306075CharacteristicsoflevelsofstressinEnglishwordsPrimary/heavystress:TElephone第5頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三201306076

2.StressPlacementinEnglishWords

Misplacedstress—canmakeawordunrecognizableandcompletelydisruptthespeaker’smessageTherulesforEnglishstressplacementarecomplexbecauseEnglishhasborrowedmanywordsfromotherlanguages.Therearesomegeneral,teachableprincipleswhichhelpstudentsatalllevelstopredictthestressedsyllable.第6頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060773.NotationsforStressandSyllables第7頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三201306078

4.StudentProblemswithWordStress

TwogeneraldifficultiesHowdifferentlevelsofwordstressarerealizedinEnglishWhichsyllabletostressinaword第8頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三201306079

5.TipsforTeachingWordStresswithExercisesandActivities

Showthedifferencebetweenstressedandunstressedsyllables.Presentsetsofwordswiththesamestresspatterns.Emphasizethelengthofstressedvowels.Pointoutvowelreductioninunstressedsyllables.Teachclassesofwordsthathavepredictablestresspatterns.第9頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060710PrimaryStressVowelswithprimarystressarelongerandlouderthanunstressedvowels.Incitationform,thestressedvowelisalsopronouncedonahigherpitch,Inconnectedspeech,highpitchmaybedown-steppediftheworddoesnotpresentimportantinformation.ThelongdurationofEnglishstressedvowelsisunfamiliartoChineseEFLlearners,andtherefore,needsspecialattention.SpecificFeaturesofWordStress第10頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060711 PrimaryStress UnstressedSyllablesandVowelReduction SecondaryStress StresswithTwo-SyllableNounsandVerbs StresswithCompounds StresswithVerbsandNounswithPrepositionalPrefixes Abbreviations StresswithSuffixes MoreonUnstressedSyllables StressSwitchingSpecificFeaturesofWordStress第11頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060712Native-Englishspeakers’stressedsyllableswereaboutfourtimeslongerthantheirunstressedsyllables,alargedifference.High-proficiencyChinesespeakersofEnglishshowedthesameratioasthenativespeakers,butintermediatelearners’stressedandunstressedsyllablesdidnotdiffergreatlyinlength.Lengthofstressedsyllablesislearnedgradually.第12頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060713ASyllable

bananaba

NAAAA

na(short) (long) (short)第13頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060714FarFartherPhonePhoto第14頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060715Listening:Correctstressisimportant.InwordswithtwoormoresyllablesinEnglish,oneofthesyllableswillreceivemorestressthantheothers.Lookupthesewordsinthedictionaryandyouwillseeamarkindicatingstressinfrontofthissyllable.Peopleoftenhavedifficultyunderstandingthesewordsifthestressiswrongbecauseawordisconsideredmispronouncedifthewrongsyllablestressisused.Correctstressis,therefore,asimportantascorrectsounds.第15頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060716WordsNumberofsyllables1.receive ()2.dictionary ()3. understanding ()4. because ()5. considered ()6. mispronounced ()7. correct ()8. important ()第16頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060717Underlinetheprimarystressofeachword.

1.

blueprint2.

driveway3.

motorboat4.

textbook5.

beefsteak6.

notebook7.

greenhouse8.

forestfire9.

Football10. paperback

第17頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060718MonthsoftheYearAskstudents:WhichwordshaveastresspatternlikeSeptember?(answer:October,November,December)WhichwordhasastresspatternlikeJanuary?

(answer:February)WhichwordshaveastresspatternlikeApril?

(answer:August,Winter,Summer,Autumn)HowmanywordshaveastresspatternlikeJuly?

(answer:justJuly)Whichwordshaveonlyonesyllable?(answer:March,May,June,Spring,Fall)第18頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060719Pairwork:ActivityforthepracticeofwordstressShoulderSeasonThecostoftravelingdependsonwhenyoutraveland‘whereyoutravel.High.seasonisthemostexpensivetimetotravel.Lowseasonistheleastexpensivetimetotravel.Shoulderseasonisinbetween.Ifyoudon’twanttospendalotofmoney,shoulderseasonisthebesttimetotravel.Airfaresandhotelsarenotsoexpensive,theweatherisnotusuallytoohotortoocold.Forexample,ifyou’rePlanningatripfromBeijingtoJapan,theshoulderseasonisinwinter.Nowaskyourpartnerandfindouttheshoulderseasonforyourtrip.Thereplycanbeanyofthefollowingdependingonwhatyouknowaboutthecountrymentioned:A.______istheshoulderseason.B.Ithink______istheshoulderseason.C.Ihavenoideareally,but______shouldbetheshoulderseason.D.…第19頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三20130607201.I’mplanningatriptoSouthAfrica.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.JanuarytoApril. c.OctoberandNovember. b.Summer. d.Winter.2.I’mplanningatriptoAustralia.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.Summer. c.Spring. b.MaytoJuly. d.October.3.I’mplanningatriptoTurkey.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.Winter. c.JulyandAugust. b.March. d.Fall.4.I’mplanningatriptoRiodeJaneiroinBrazil.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.February. c.Summer. b.Winter. d.SeptembertoDecember.5.I’mplanningatriptoItaly.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.Summer. c.JuneandJuly. b.Fall. d.JanuarytoMarch.6.I’mplanningatriptoMexico.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.JuneandJuly. c.Fall. b.FebruarytoApril. d.Winter.7.I’mplanningatriptoKenya.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.Spring. c.JunetoSeptember. b.FebruaryandMarch. d.Winter.8.I’mplanningatriptoCostaRica.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.Summer. c.Winter. b.JulyandAugust. d.Mid-Octobertomid-December.第20頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060721UnstressedSyllablesandVowelReduction

Unstressedvowelsareshorter,softer,andpronouncedatalowerpitchthanstressedvowels.Mostvowelsinunstressedsyllablesarereducedtoacentralizedvowel,usually/?/ItisdifficulttospeakEnglishatanaturalspeedwithoutreducingeitherthelengthorqualityofunstressedvowels.第21頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060722ListeningExercise–

thereducedvowels1. fort comfort2. lace necklace3. romanceRoman4. localitylocalism5. rite favourite6. table comfortable7. ward forward8. fort effort9. cable educable10 late chocolate11 progressproduction12 profit pronounce13 necessitynecessary14 protest(n.)protest(v.)15 valid validity16 label profitable17 man Englishman18 prefer preference19 photo photography20 full handful第22頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060723

Stresspatternsofwordsandwordgroups

U08分練習(xí)錄音\09.mp3rainforestsrichestfascinatingareascountriesintheworldCentralandSouthAmericaSoutheastAsiatheearth’ssurfaceplantandanimalsanimalspeciescontribute第23頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060724Vowelsinunstressedsyllablesarereducedtoacentralizedvowel第24頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060725ListeningExercise–

thestressincompoundnounsbathroomdaylightbaseballclassroompopcorndrugstorenotebookairportflashlightchalkboardbookcasetoothpastebusstopnewspapersunglassesgrandfatherteenagertenniscourttrafficlightbasketball第25頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060726SecondaryStress

Secondarystressoccursonthesecondwordofcompounds:airpotPolysyllabicwordswithprimarystresstowardtheendofthewordoftenhavesecondarystresstwosyllablesinfrontoftheprimarystress:contribution

第26頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060727Pairwork:Whichcamefirst?

cellphones–iPods

computergames–Websites·YouTube—search

conferencecalls—webcamslaptops–desktops

hearttransplants—livertransplantse-mail–podcasts

harddrives–flashdrivesfingerprinting—bloodtyping

第27頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060728Abbreviations

Thelastletterofanabbreviationhasheavieststress:第28頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060729MoreonUnstressedSyllables

Nativespeakersdropinternalunstressedvowelsinsomecommonwords:awfully (awfly)beverage (bevrage)deliberate(adjective) (delibrate)different (diffrent)elementary (elementry)*family (famly)favorite,favorable (favrite,favrable)federal (fedral)miserable (misrable)restaurant (restrant)Thedroppedvowelisoftenfollowedby/r/or/l/.第29頁，講稿共35頁，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060730

ThewordsbelowareonesinwhichmyChineseinternationalteachingassistants(ITAs)frequentlydropsyllables.

--LindaLane

article—pronouncedlike“a(r)tkod)”classical—pronouncedlike“clasko(l)”economics—pronouncedlike“ecnomics”exercise—pronouncedlike“excise”energy—pronouncedlike“engy”technological—pronouncedlike“tech(n)log