江蘇省鹽城市東臺楊河中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

江蘇省鹽城市東臺楊河中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題29.Neverbefore________seenagirlwhocanswimasfastasYeShiwen.

A.hadwe

B.wehad

C.havewe

D.wehave參考答案：C略2.Jack,I’mafraidI’llturntoyou．Ithinkchemistryis________physics．

A．a(chǎn)sadifficultsubjectas

B．a(chǎn)subjectthesamedifficultas

C．a(chǎn)sdifficultasubjectas

D．thesamedifficultsubjectas參考答案：C3.—Someone______havewateredthegardenthismorning,didn’the?

—Yes,Jamesdid.I_______havedonebutIhavebeenwashingthewholemorning.

A.would;would

B.should;might

C.could;must

D.must;should參考答案：D4.從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，找出劃線部分與所給單詞劃線部分讀音相同的選項(xiàng)。1．solution

A.gun

B.hunt

C.equal

D.typhoon2.stomachs

A.character

B.sandwich

C.bench

D.known3.bowA.flow

B.fellow

C.cow

D.tomorrow4.theoryA.diary

B.pioneer

C.therefore

D.really5.exchangeA.expression

B.exist

C.examine

D.exercise參考答案：DACDA5.WhenIwantedtoexpressmythankstohim，words_____me.Ijustheldhishandsfirmlyandchoked.A.left

B.fled

C.forgot

D.escaped參考答案：D6.Tom'sperformancewas

wonderfulthanPeter'sintheplay.Theaudiencethoughtlittleofboth.

A.notmore

B.nomore

C.muchmore

D.notmuch參考答案：B7.Itisnotwhatyoudidbuttheway

youspoketome

mademeannoyed.A.that;that B.which;that C.inwhich;what D.that;what參考答案：A8.____________togooutalone,theretiredministerhadtogoforawalkwithseveralpolicemenfollowinghim.A.

Warningnot

B.Warnednot

C.Notwarning

D.Notwarned參考答案：B9.______intheschoolregulationthatstudentsshouldn’tusecellphonesinthecampus．

A．Whatrequires

B．Whatisrequired

C．Itrequires

D．Itisrequired參考答案：D10.FortheChinesedream

atanearlierdate,wemustacceleratethepaceofreformandopeningup.A.beingrealized B.torealize C.realizing D.toberealized參考答案：D11.Topreventfurtherpollution,manypeopleare______theuseofalternativeenergysources.A.applyingtoB.compensatingfor

C.cateringto

D.pushingfor參考答案：D【考查方向】考查動詞短語的用法。句意：為阻止進(jìn)一步污染，許多人在強(qiáng)烈要求使用可替換的能源。applyto應(yīng)用于；compensatefor賠償，補(bǔ)償；caterto適合；pushfor強(qiáng)烈要求，奮力爭取。故選D。12.RainstormscontinuedtohitmostpartsofsouthernChina,

millionsofpeoplethere.A.affected

B.toaffectC.affecting

D.havingaffected參考答案：C13.Withfiveprofessionalhands______themnextmonth,thesestudentsaresuretocompletetheexperimentontime. A.helping

B.help

C.tohelping D.tohelp參考答案：D14.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_____fortheday.A.finishing

B.finished

C.hadfinished

D.hadbeenfinished參考答案：B15.—It’smoreconvenienttotakeasubwaythandriveaprivatecar.—________.What’smore,it’salsoagoodwaytosupportthelow-carbonlifestyle.A.Quiteso B.Soisit C.Byallmeans D.Allright參考答案：A5.Therestaurantnearourschool,_____lastyear,isverypopularwithteachersandstudents.

A.open

B.opening

C.havingopened

D.opened參考答案：D略二、完型填空17.SectionADirections:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.

Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Haveyouevergottenasunburn?Ifyouhave,you’vealreadylearnedthehardwayaboutthesun’sultraviolet(紫外線的),orUVlight.Itcanburnyourskinsobadthatitturnsitredorevenmakesitpeeloff.The

51helpsyouremembertowearsunscreenthenexttime.Well,Earthhasitsownversionofsunscreen,theozone(臭氧)layer,which

52usallfromthevastmajorityoftheUVlightreleasedbythesun.Withoutit,wewouldn’tjustgetasunburn.LifeonEarthwouldgo

53duetothehugelydamagingpowerofallthoseUVrays.Theozonelayer

54Earth’sstratosphere(同溫層),apartoftheatmospherethat

55fromabout10kilometersuptonearly50kilometersabovetheground.Despiteitsname,theozonelayerisn’tjustozonegas.Itcontainslyhigherconcentrationsofozonethantheloweratmosphere,butthat’sstillasmallamount

56thoseofthemainelementsoftheatmosphere.Evenso,it

57alotofUVrays,preventingthemfromreachingthesurfaceofEarth.However,peopleweren’tfullyawareofitsimportanceuntil1985,whenahugeholeinthelayerwasfoundoverAntarctica.The

58quicklypointedtoakindofchemicalcalledchlorofluorocarbon,orCFC,whichwaswidelyusedinrefrigerators,airconditionersandhairsprays.CFCsareabletoriseuptothestratosphereandcausereactionsthatdestroyozone.Witha

59ozonelayer,peopleonEartharemorelikelytodevelopskincancer,cataracts(白內(nèi)障)andotherhealthproblemsduetotoomuchUVlight

60.Asaresultofthisdiscovery,aninternationaltreaty(條約)calledtheMontrealProtocolwassignedin1987to

61themanufactureofCFCproductssothattheozonelayercouldslowlyrecoverandreturntoitsnaturalstateby2050.

62,atatimewhenitseemedthateverythingwasgoingbackto

63,earlierthismonthscientistsdetectedfournewman-madegasesinGreenlandandAustraliathatcouldcausesnewriskstotheozonelayer.Scientistshaven’tidentifiedthe

64ofthegases,but“thishighlightsthatozonelossisnotyetyesterday’sstory,”saidProfessorPiersForsterfromtheUniversityofLeeds,UK,toBBC.Scientistsbelievethattherearemoresuchgasesoutthere,andtheystillhavemuchworktodoto“

65theholes”.

51.A.harmB.lossC.painD.factor52.A.survivesB.shadesC.preventsD.covers53.A.extinctB.helplessC.meaninglessD.wrong54.A.linkstoB.liesinC.lookstoD.consistsof55.A.receivesB.locatesC.extendsD.varies56.A.belongedtoB.turnedtoC.takentoD.comparedto57.A.absorbsB.capturesC.figuresD.imposes58.A.resultB.evidenceC.traceD.movement59.A.furtherB.clearerC.thinnerD.broader60.A.returnB.exposureC.companionD.approach61.A.banB.oppressC.motivateD.recycle62.A.ThereforeB.FurthermoreC.OtherwiseD.However63.A.minorB.bitterC.concreteD.normal64.A.sourceB.guidanceC.conditionD.destination65.A.fastenB.heightenC.tightenD.strengthen參考答案：51—55CBABC

56—60DABCB

61—65ADDAC三、閱讀理解18.TechnologyoffersconveniencessuchasopeningthegaragedoorfromyourcarorchangingthetelevisionstationwithouttouchingtheTV.NowoneAmericancompanyisofferingitsemployeesanewconvenience:amicrochipimplantedintheirhands.Employeeswhohavethesechipscandoallkindsofthingsjustbywavingtheirhands.ThreeSquareMarketisofferingtoimplantmicrochipsinalloftheiremployeesforfree.Eachchipcosts$300andThreeSquareMarketwillpayforthechip.Employeescanvolunteertohavethechipsimplantedintheirhands.About50outof80employeeshavechosentodoso.Thepresidentofthecompany,hiswifeandtheirchildrenarealsogettingchipsimplantedintheirhands.Thechipisaboutthesizeofagrainofrice.Implantingthechiponlytakesaboutasecondandissaidtohurtonlyverybriefly.Thechipsgoundertheskinbetweenthethumbandforefinger.Withachipinthehand,apersoncanentertheofficebuilding,buyfood,signintocomputersandmore,simplybywavingthathandnearascanner.Thechipswillhealsousedtoidentifyemployees.Employeeswhowantconvenience,butdonotwanttohaveamicrochipimplantedundertheirskin,canwearawristband（腕帶）oraringwithachipinstead.Theycanperformthesametaskswithawaveoftheirhandsasiftheyhadanimplantedchip.ThreeSquareMarketisthefirstcompanyintheUnitedStatestooffertoimplantchipsinitsemployees.Epicenter,acompanyinSweden,hasbeenimplantingchipsinitsemployeesforawhile.ThreeSquareMarketsaysthechipcannottracktheemployees.Thecompanysaysscannerscanreadthechipsonlywhentheyarewithinafewinchesofthem.“Thechipsprotectagainstidentitytheft,similartocreditcards.”TheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationapprovedthechipsbackin2004,sotheyshouldbesafeforhumans,accordingtothecompany.Inthefuture,peoplewiththechipsmaybeabletodomorewiththem,evenoutsidetheoffice.ToddWestbyisChiefExecutiveOfficerofThreeSquareMarket.Hesays,“Eventually,thistechnologywillbecomestandardizedallowingyoutousethisasyourpassport,publictransit,allpurchasingopportunities,etc.”32.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thesubstitutesofthechips.

B.Thepotentialrisksofimplantingthechips.C.Theplacestoimplantthechips.

D.Theadvantagesofthechips.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph5referto?A.thehands

B.thescanners C.theemployees

D.thecreditcards34.Wecaninferthat_____.A.thechipshavemagicpowers B.thepriceofthechipsisreasonableC.thechipsareverypopularamongtheemployees D.mostpeoplesuspecttheapplicationofthechips35.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesToddWestby'sattitudetowardsthechips?A.Defensive.

B.Disappointing.

C.Casual.

D.Optimistic.參考答案：

32-35DBCD

19.Youcanrelaxifrememberingeverythingisnotyourstrongsuit.Recentresearchmakesthecasethatbeingforgetfulcanbeastrength—infact,selectivememorycanevenbeasignofstrongerintelligence.Traditionalresearchonmemoryhasfocusedontheadvantagesofrememberingeverything.Butlookingthroughyearsofrecentmemorydata,researchersPaulFranklandandBlakeRichardsoftheUniversityofTorontofoundthattheneurobiologyofforgettingcanbejustasimportanttoourdecision-makingaswhatourmindschoosetoremember.“Thegoalofmemoryisnotthetransmissionofinformationthroughtime.Rather,thegoalofmemoryistohelpimprovedecision-making.Assuch,transience(轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝)isasimportantaspersistenceinmemorysystems，”theirstudyinNeuronstates.Makingintelligentdecisionsdoesnotmeanyouneedtohavealltheinformationathand,itjustmeansyouneedtoholdontothemostvaluableinformation.Andthatmeansclearingupspaceinyourmemorypalaceforthemostup-to-dateinformationonsituations.Ourbrainsdothisbygeneratingnewneurons(神經(jīng)元)inourhippocampus(海馬體),whichhavethepowertooverwriteexistingmemoriesthatareinfluencingourdecision-making.“Ifyou'retryingtodealwiththesituationandyourbrainisconstantlybringingupmultipleconflictingmemories,thatmakesitharderforyoutomakeawisedecision，”RichardstoldScienceDaily.Ifyouwanttoincreasethenumberofnewneuronsinyourbrain'slearningregion,tryexercising.Moderateaerobicexerciselikejogging,powerwalking,andswimminghavebeenfoundtoincreasethenumberofneuronsmakingimportantconnectionsinourbrains.Whenweforgetthenamesofcertainclientsanddetailsaboutoldjobs,ourbrainismakingachoicethatthesedetailsdonotmatter.Althoughtoomuchforgetfulnesscanbeacauseforconcern,theoccasionallostdetailcanbeasignofaperfectlyhealthymemorysystem.Theresearchersfoundthatourbrainsfacilitatedecision-makingbystoppingusfromfocusingtoomuchonminorpastdetails.Instead,thebrainpromotesgeneralization,helpingusrememberthemostimportantgistofaconversation.“Oneofthethingsthatdistinguishesanenvironmentwhereyou'regoingtowanttorememberstuffversusanenvironmentwhereyouwanttoforgetstuffisthisquestionofhowconsistenttheenvironmentisandhowlikelythingsaretocomebackintoyourlife，”Richardssaid.Ifyou'reananalystwhomeetswithaclientweekly,yourbrainwillrecognizethatthisisaclientwhosenameandstoryyouneedtoremember.Ifthisissomeoneyoumaynevermeetagain,yourbrainwillweighthatinformationaccordingly.Thesefindingsshowusthattotalrecallcanbeoverrated.Ourbrainsareworkingsmarterwhentheyaimtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.Title：BeingForgetfulMightActuallyMeanYou're____51____IntroductionRecentresearchprovesthatbeingforgetfulcanbeastrength,forforgettingandselectivememoryareof____52____importanceinourdecision-making.ThegoalofmemoryPeopletakeadvantageofmemorytomakegooddecisionsratherthan____53____information.____54____ofbeingforgetfulIthelpsusforgetoutdatedinformation.●Makingwisedecisionsinvolvestheexistingmemoriesmaking____55____forthelatestinformation.●Meanwhile,toomuchcontradictoryinformationinmemorycandoharmtoourdecision-making.●Exercisinghelpsincreaseneurons,contributingtoour____56____decision-making.Ithelpsusseethebig____57____．

●After____58____theinformationitgets,thebrainchoosestofocusonthekeypoints,occasionallyforgettingunimportantpastdetails.●Whethertorememberorforgetparticularstuffis____59____bythedegreeoftheconsistencyoftheenvironmentandthe____60____ofthingsreappearinglaterinlife.ConclusionOurbrainsareworkingsmarterwhenaimingtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.參考答案：51.Smarter

52.equal

53.transmit

54.Advantages/Benefits

55.way/space/room

56.improved/better

57.picture

58.weighing/comparing

59.determined/decided

60.likelihood/chance/possibility/probability本文是說明文，大腦通過權(quán)衡比較后，有選擇的遺忘一些舊的或無關(guān)緊要的信息，選擇性遺忘會使我們的大腦更聰明?！?1題詳解】考查對文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)文章最后一段Thesefindingsshowusthattotalrecallcanbeoverrated.Ourbrainsareworkingsmarterwhentheyaimtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.可知研究結(jié)果表明當(dāng)我們只記住重點(diǎn)而不是所有內(nèi)容時，選擇性遺忘會使我們的大腦更聰明。與句中Ourbrainsareworkingsmarter一致，故填Smarter.【52題詳解】考查對文章的理解和形容詞。根據(jù)第一段……beingforgetfulcanbeastrength—infact,selectivememorycanevenbeasignofstrongerintelligence.和第二段……thattheneurobiologyofforgettingcanbejustasimportanttoourdecision-makingaswhatourmindschoosetoremember.可知健忘可能是一種力量——事實(shí)上，選擇性記憶和我們的決定一樣重要。根據(jù)asimportantas,故填equal.【53題詳解】考查對文章的理解和動詞。根據(jù)第三段中Thegoalofmemoryisnotthetransmissionofinformationthroughtime.Rather,thegoalofmemoryistohelpimprovedecision-making.可知記憶的目標(biāo)不是通過時間傳遞信息。相反,記憶的目標(biāo)是幫助提高決定。根據(jù)thetransmissionofinformation此處用其動詞形式，故填transmit.【54題詳解】考查對文章的理解和名詞。根據(jù)本項(xiàng)內(nèi)容中Ithelpsusforgetoutdatedinformation.和Ithelpsusseet