中藥名稱的譯法探討課件

(一)、中藥名稱的拉丁語翻譯甘草：RadixGlycyrrhizae天麻：RhizomaGastrodiae枳殼：FructusAurantii秦艽：RadixGentianaeMacrophyllae板藍(lán)根RadixIsatidis大青葉FoliumIsatidis麥芽：FructusHordeiGerminatus阿膠：GelatinaCoriiAsini神曲：MassaMedicataFermentata焦三仙：MassaTrimedicataUsta飴糖：OryzanosumCumMalto雞黃：OvumCentracithaleGalli例如：趙崧，鄭子春，沈洪.《實(shí)用臨床醫(yī)藥雜志》2011年第15卷第7期基金項(xiàng)目：十一五“國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃”項(xiàng)目。(江蘇省中醫(yī)院消化科；南京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué))地榆、白芷、白蘞在潰瘍性結(jié)腸炎大鼠中的作用及機(jī)制探討EffectsofRadixSanguisorbae，RadixAngelicaeDahuricaeandCortexDictamniontheulcerativecolitisrats地榆RadixSanguisorbae

（拉丁）

GardenBurnetRoot

（英文）白芷RadixAngelicaeDahuricae（拉）AngelicaRoot

（英文）白蘞CortexDictamni（拉?。?/p>

AmpelopsisRoot（英文）當(dāng)歸-桃仁藥對(duì)配伍特點(diǎn)及其效應(yīng)物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)研究

StudyonthecorrelationofchemicalconstituentsandactivitiesofRadixAngelicaeSinensisandSemenPersicae

《中華中醫(yī)藥雜志》2011年10月第26卷第10期-----P2415劉立（南京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)江蘇省方劑研究重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室）【點(diǎn)評(píng)】用拉丁語翻譯中藥名稱桃仁PeachSeed(Kernel)

SemenPersicae

（拉?。┊?dāng)歸ChineseAngelicaRootRadixAngelicaeSinensis（拉?。┬PCE指紋圖譜的研究StudyonHPCEFingerprintofScrophulariaeRadix

《南京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》2011年9月第27卷第5期----474宋建平.鹽城衛(wèi)生職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院;韓樂.南京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)關(guān)鍵詞：玄參KeyWords:ScrophulariaeRadix【點(diǎn)評(píng)】用拉丁語翻譯中藥名稱玄參RadixScrophulariae

（拉丁）Scrophulariaeroot；FigwortRoot(英語)生長(zhǎng)激素聯(lián)合續(xù)斷對(duì)去垂體幼齡大鼠生長(zhǎng)及骨代謝的影響

EffectofGrowthHormoneCombinedwithRadixDipsaciontheBodyGrowthandtheBoneMetabolismofHypophysectomizedRats

《中國(guó)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合雜志》2011年12月第31卷第12期——P1690劉應(yīng)科、張知新.衛(wèi)生部中日友好醫(yī)院兒科關(guān)鍵詞：續(xù)斷Keywords:RadixDipsaci【點(diǎn)評(píng)】用拉丁語翻譯中藥名稱巴戟天藥物血清對(duì)成骨細(xì)胞生物學(xué)特性的影響EffectofmedicatedserumofRadixMorindaeOfficinalisonskeletogenouscellbionomics

《中華中醫(yī)藥雜志》2010年6月第25卷第6期：846凌昆，趙詣，郭素華（福建中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)）國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金關(guān)鍵詞：巴戟天Keywords:RadixMorindaeOfficinalis【點(diǎn)評(píng)】用拉丁語翻譯中藥名稱二、中藥名稱的英語翻譯用拉丁語翻譯中藥名稱雖然易于規(guī)范、易于區(qū)別，但卻難以辨認(rèn)、難以上口。因?yàn)槔≌Z是一種死亡了的語言，就是在西方，能熟練應(yīng)用拉丁語的人也不多。“拉丁語遭冷落，植物學(xué)家用英語命名新物種”參考消息2012年1月21日星期六：植物學(xué)新規(guī)定使用英語得以取代拉丁語來記錄物種，從1月1日起生效。在至少400年里，全球的植物學(xué)家依賴?yán)≌Z作為他們的通用語，但這種熱情已經(jīng)冷卻。從文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期起拉丁語就是國(guó)際植物學(xué)家的語言了。1．采用英語植物名稱對(duì)譯中藥名稱。例如：大黃：rhubarb代代花：bitterorangeflower雞冠花：cockscombflower蒲公英：dandelionherb貫眾：basketfern2．拉丁語英語化。如：栝樓：trichosanthesfruit（拉丁語為FructusTrichosanthis）黃芩：scutellariaroot（拉丁語為RadixScutellariae）黃芪：astragalusroot（拉丁語為RadixAstragaliseuHedysari）黃連：coptisroot（拉丁語為RhizomaCoptis）王建云．《中國(guó)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合雜志》2011年5月：667國(guó)家重大新藥創(chuàng)新課題(北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)東直門醫(yī)院消化科)人參大黃瓜蔞角藥配伍對(duì)動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化進(jìn)程中血脂四項(xiàng)及相關(guān)促炎因子的影響EffectofTriangleDrugsasGinseng,TrichosantheskirilowiiMaximandRhubarbonthelevelofBloodLipidsandRelatedPro-inflammmatoryCytokinesDuringtheProcessofTreatingArtherosclerosis胡雅君．《中國(guó)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合雜志》2010年11月：1157

黃芪對(duì)宮頸癌患者Th1/Th2細(xì)胞功能調(diào)節(jié)作用RegulatoryEffectofAstragulusinjectiononTh1/Th2CellFunctioninPatientswithCervicalCancer紅花注射液防治游離皮瓣移植術(shù)后血管危險(xiǎn)的臨床研究

ClinicalStudyofSafflowerInjectioninTreatingandPreventingtheVascularCrisisafterFreeFlapTransplantation《中國(guó)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合雜志》2011年10月第31卷-----P1322石寧寧等（河南省洛陽正骨醫(yī)院手外顯微外科治療中心）基金項(xiàng)目：國(guó)家中醫(yī)藥管理局中醫(yī)藥科學(xué)技術(shù)研究專項(xiàng)課題【點(diǎn)評(píng)】用英語翻譯中藥名稱甘草對(duì)小腸隱窩干細(xì)胞增殖中p53mRNA穩(wěn)定性及其表達(dá)的影響

EffectsofLicoriceonp53mRNAStabilityandExpressionduringtheProliferationofIntestinalCryptStemCells《中國(guó)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合雜志》2011年12月第31卷第12期——P1604賀毅.張嫻賀毅：廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院中心實(shí)驗(yàn)室。廣東省自然基金資助項(xiàng)目關(guān)鍵詞：甘草

Keywords:

Licorice【點(diǎn)評(píng)】用英語翻譯中藥名稱黃連與黃芩配伍時(shí)主要有效成分溶出率變化規(guī)律研究

Variationofdissolutionrateofmainactiveingredientofcompatibilityofcoptisandscutellaria

《中華中醫(yī)藥雜志》2010年4月第25卷第4期：613胡律江，趙曉娟（江西中醫(yī)學(xué)院藥學(xué)院）關(guān)鍵詞：黃連，黃芩Keywords:Scutellaria,Coptis【點(diǎn)評(píng)】用英語翻譯中藥名稱菟絲子含藥血清對(duì)成骨細(xì)胞代謝調(diào)控的影響EffectofDodder-ContainingSerumontheMetabolicofOsteoblastsInVitro關(guān)鍵詞：菟絲子Keywords:Dodderseed（SemenCuscutae）杜波.《中醫(yī)雜志》2011年11月第52卷第22期:1951【點(diǎn)評(píng)】用英語和拉丁語翻譯中藥名稱（三）、音譯中藥名稱《中醫(yī)雜志》2011年5月

麻黃湯加味治療病毒性上呼吸道感染發(fā)熱患者53例臨床研究。ClinicalStudyontheModifiedMahuangDecoctionintheTreatmentof53CasaswiththeFeverCausedbyViralUpperRespiratoryTractInfection《中國(guó)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合雜志》2010年10月----國(guó)家科技部十一五支撐計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目（上海中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)）

半夏白術(shù)天麻湯對(duì)自發(fā)性高血壓大鼠左心室肥厚的影響EffectofBanxiaBaizhuTianmaDecoctionontheLeftVentricularHypertrophyMyocardiuminSpontaneouslyHypertensiveRat加味青蒿鱉甲湯治療晚期肺癌性發(fā)熱32例

ClinicalResearchonModifiedQinghaoBiejiaDecoctionforFeverofAdvancedLungCancer

《南京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》2011年9月第27卷第5期----484王蓉、馮軍。蘇州大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院大黃蟅蟲丸對(duì)大鼠肺纖維化形成階段肺與腦組織中神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)的影響InfluenceofDahuangZhechongPillsonNeurotransmitterinthelungandBrainTissuesintheFormationStageofPulmonaryFibrosisofRats《中醫(yī)雜志》2011年10月第52卷第19期----1676宋建平河南中醫(yī)學(xué)院基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院不同劑量大黃附子細(xì)辛湯治療慢性腎功能衰竭療效對(duì)比觀察

《中醫(yī)雜志》2011年12月第52卷第24期----2106李燕敏北京市朝陽區(qū)中醫(yī)醫(yī)院EffectofDifferentDosesofDahuangFuziXixinDecoctiononChronicRenalFailure

瓜蔞瞿麥丸方證探討及臨床運(yùn)用《中華中醫(yī)藥雜志》2010年6月第25卷第6期：877曹靈勇（浙江中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)中醫(yī)臨床基礎(chǔ)教研室）ExplorationofGualouQumaiWan’sindicationandclinicaluse《傷寒論》中方劑常見劑型及其翻譯湯劑：Decoction散劑：Powder丸劑：可譯為Bolus（大丸藥）、Pellet（小丸藥）或Pill（四）、“三保險(xiǎn)”或“四保險(xiǎn)”的翻譯方式。在西方，為了保證中藥名稱翻譯的準(zhǔn)確性，一般都采用“三保險(xiǎn)”或“四保險(xiǎn)”的翻譯方式。所謂“三保險(xiǎn)”，就是漢語拼音、英語和拉丁語同時(shí)并用翻譯中藥名稱，上面的四個(gè)例子就屬于“三保險(xiǎn)”式翻譯。所謂“四保險(xiǎn)”，就是在“三保險(xiǎn)”的基礎(chǔ)上再加上“漢字”。

厚樸：Houpo(magnoliabark;CortexMagnoliaeOfficinalis)甘草：Gancao(licoriceroot;RadixGlycyrrhizaeUralensis)半夏：Banxia(pinelliarhizome;RhizomaPinelliaeTernatae)當(dāng)歸：Danggui(Chineseangelicaroot;RadixAngelicaeSinensis)杜波.《中醫(yī)雜志》2011年11月第52卷第22期:1951菟絲子含藥血清對(duì)成骨細(xì)胞代謝調(diào)控的影響關(guān)鍵詞：菟絲子EffectofDodder-ContainingSerumontheMetabolicofOsteoblastsInVitroKeywords:Dodderseed（SemenCuscutae）《中醫(yī)雜志》2011年4月

中醫(yī)常山治療酒精依賴患者30例臨床研究ClinicalResearchonChangshan（RadixDichroae）inTreatmentof30AlcoholDependencePatients

下面羅列一些《傷寒論》中常用中藥，希望同學(xué)們能掌握。Ephedra麻黃

HerbaEphedrae\mahuang

Characteristics:Acridandslightlybitterintaste,warminnature,andattributivetolungandurinarybladderchannels.Effects:Inducingdiaphoresis,allayingasthmaandinducingdiuresis.Indications:Exteriorsyndromeofexcesstypeduetoaffectionbypathogenicwind-cold;coughanddyspneaduetoattackofpathogenicwind-cold,andobstructionofthelung-qi;edemawithexteriorsyndrome;arthralgiaduetodampness-cold,carbunclesofyinnature,subcutaneousnodules,etc.Administration:Decoction:1.5-10g.CinnamonTwig桂枝

RamulusCinnamomi\guizhi

Characteristics:Aromaticinodor.Acridandsweetintaste,warminnature,andattributivetoheart,lungandurinarybladderchannels.Effects:Dispellingpathogenicfactorsfromtheexteriorofbodybydiaphoresis,warmingthechannelsandreinforcingyang.Indications:Exteriorsyndromeduetoaffectionbypathogenicwind-cold,arthralgiasyndromesduetowind-cold-dampness,obstructionofqiinthechest,chestpain,palpitationandslowpulsewithirregularintervals,phlegmretentionduetodeficiencyofyang,andalsoamenorrhea,dysmenorrhea,abdominalmassesduetopathogeniccoldintheblood,etc.AdministrationDecoction:3~10g.

CoptisRoot黃連

RhizomaCoptidis\huanglianCharacteristics:Bitterintaste,coldinnature,andattributivetoheart,liver,stomachandlargeintestinechannels.Effects:Clearingawayheat,dryingdampness,purgingfireandremovingtoxins.Indications:Damp-heatsyndromemanifestedasdiarrhea,dysentery,vomiting;febrilediseasemarkedbyhighfever,unconsciousnessanddelirium,dysphoria,insomnia,blood-shoteyes,cankersoreinthemouth,darkurine,hematemesis,epistaxis;suppurativeinfectiononthebodysurface,suchassores,carbuncles,furuncles,eczema,scalds,swollenandsorethroat,etc.AdministrationDecoction:2~10g.

Rhubarb大黃

RadixetRhizomaRhei\daihuangCharacteristics:Bitterintaste,coldinnature,andattributivetospleen,stomach,largeintestine,liverandpericardiumchannels.Effects:Relievingconstipationbypurgation,clearingawayheatandtoxins,purgingfire,promotingbloodcirculation,normalizingfunctioningofthegallbladderandcuringjaundice.Indications:Constipationduetostagnationinthebowels,hematemesisandepistaxisduetoinvasionofbloodbyheat,blood-shoteyes,sorethroat,gumswellingandpainduetoflaringupoffire,skinandexternaldisease,scalds,jaundice,stranguriaandotherdiseasescausedbybloodstasis.AdministrationDecoction:3~12g.Forpurgation,decoctlater(onlyboilfor15minutes)orsoakintheboiledwaterfororaluse.

TrichosanthesFruit瓜蔞

FructusTrichosanthis\gualouCharacteristics:Sweetandbitterintaste,coldinnature,andattributivetolung,stomachandlargeintestinechannels.Effects:Clearingawayheatfromthelung,resolvingsputum,promotingflowofqitosoothechestoppression,moisteningthebowelstorelieveconstipation.Indications:Coughduetothelung-heatwithsymptomsofthicksputum,unsmoothexpectoration,chestpainduetoobstructionofqiinthechest,feelingoffullnessandstuffinessinthechest,carbunclesofbreast,pulmonaryabscessanddrynesssyndromeoftheintestineswithconstipation.AdministrationDecoction:10~30g.

BitterApricotKernel杏仁

SemenArmeniacaeAmarum\xingrenCharacteristics:Bitterintaste,warminnature,slightlytoxic,andattributivetolungandlargeintestinechannels.Effects:

Relievingcoughandasthma,andmoisteningtheintestinetorelaxthebowels.Indications:Cough,dyspnea,andconstipationduetodrynesssyndromeoftheintestine.AdministrationDecoction:3~10g.Poria(Tuckahoe)茯苓

Poria\fulingCharacteristics:Sweetandblandintaste,mindinnature,andattributivetospleen,heart,lungandurinarybladderchannels.Effects:Promotingdiuresistoeliminatedampness,invigoratingthespleenandtranquilizingthemind.Indications:Edema,dysuriaduetofluidretentionwithinthebody;lassitude,anorexiaandloosestoolduetodeficiencyofspleen;palpitationandinsomnia.AdministrationDecoction:10~20g.

PreparedAconiteRoot附子

RadixAconitiPraeparata\fuziCharacteristics:Acridintaste,hotinnature,toxicity,andattributivetoheart,kidneyandspleenchannels.Effects:Recuperatingdepletedyangtorescuethepatientfromcollapse,supplementingfireofthevitalgatetostrengthenyang,anddispellingcoldtorelievepain.Indications:Yang-exhaustionsyndromemarkedbyspontaneouscoldsweat,coldlimbs,indistinctandfaintpulse;kidney-yangdeficiencysyndrome,characterizedbyaversiontocold,coldlimbs,achesintheloinsandknees,spleen-yangdeficiencysyndromemanifestedasgastricandabdominalcoldpain,loosestool;edema,dysuriaduetodeficiencyofboththespleenandkidneyandwind-cold-dampnesspain.AdministrationDecoction:3~15g.Caution:Crudeherbispoisonousbutitstoxicityisreducedbypreparation.Mostofthepoisonouscomponentsaredestroyedaftertheherbisboiledformorethanonehour.Contraindicatedforpregnantwomen.

DriedGinger干姜

RhizomaZingiberis\ganjiangCharacteristics:Acridintaste,hotinnature,andattributivetoheart,lung,spleenandstomachchannelEffects:Warmingthemiddlejiao,recuperatingdepletedyangtorescuethepatientfromcollapse,warmingthelungandresolvingtheretentionoffluid.Indications:Coldsyndromeofspleen-stomachwithcoldpaininabdomen,vomitinganddiarrhea;deficienctcoldsyndromeofspleen-stomach;yang-exhaustionsyndrome;retentionofcold-fluidinlungwithcoughandthinexpectoration.AdministrationDecoction:3~10g.

OysterShell牡蠣

ConchaOstreae\muliCharacteristics:

Saltyandastringentintaste,slightlycoldinnature,andattributivetoliverandkidneychannels.Effects:Calmingtheliver,suppressinghyperactivityoftheliver-yang,softeningandresolvinghardmassesandinducingastringency(whencalcined).Indications:Irritability,dizziness,tinnitus,palpitation,insomnia,dreaminess,causedbyhyperactivityofyangduetodeficiencyofyin;subcutaneousnodule,scrofulaandgoiterduetoaccumulationofphlegm-fire;sweatingduetodebility,seminalemission,enuresis,leukorrhagia,etc.AdministrationDecoction:15~30g(crushedanddecoctedfirst).Po