江蘇省宿遷市2021-2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末調(diào)研測試英語試題含解析

高二年級調(diào)研測試

英語試卷

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需

改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫

在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選

項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅

讀一遍。

1.Whatistheweatherliketoday?

A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.

2.Howoldisthemannow?

A.Just20.B.About23.C.Nearly18.

3.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Schoolmates.B.Co-workers.C.Husbandandwife.

4.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Attheairport.B.Atawedding.C.Inaclothingshop.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Sports.B.Plans.C.Hobbies.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項

中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whichmoviewillthewomansee?

A.Terminator4.B.TheSimpsons.C.AliceinWonderland.

7.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.HewillwatchTheSimpsons.

B.Hemetthewomansixweeksago.

C.Heloveswatchingmovieswithhisfamily.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inthestreet.B.Intheclassroom.C.Intheoffice.

9.Whydoesthewomanlookupset?

A.Shehasgotstuckintraffic.

B.ShemissedherEnglishclass.

C.Shefeltthatsomethingbadhadhappened.

10.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman'swords?

A.Interested.B.Doubtful.C.Certain.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whowillpayforthemeal?

A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.GoDutch.

12.Howmuchdothespeakersplantolip?

A.$20.B.$9.C.$15.

13.Whatdothespeakersthinkofthismeal?

A.Justso-sO.B.Verysatisfactory.C.Quitedisappointing.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Howdoesthemansoundatfirst?

A.Nervous.B.Confident.C.Surprised.

15.Howlongdidthemanworkasadeliveryman?

A.Halfayear.B.Ayear.C.Twoyears.

16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

A.Thewomanlikestoeatpizza.

B.Themanisuninterestedinhismajor.

C.Thewomanwillbetheman'sleader.

17.Whatarethespeakersdoing?

A.Conductinganinterview.

B.Talkingabouthowtofindajob.

C.Discussingtheirworkexperience.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Howmanydriverscanfindplacestoparktheircarsinamedium-sizedcity?

A.Around100,000.B.Around50,000.C.Around15,000.

19.Whatisthepurposeofthe“Park&Ride”system?

A.Toencouragepeopletousepublictransport.

B.Tobuildmoreparkingareasinthecitycenter.

C.Tochargelowerparkingfeesinthecitycenter.

20.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?

A.HowtodealwithtrafficjamsinChina.

B.HowtosolvetheparkingprobleminChina.

C.HowtolimitthenumberofprivatecarlicensesinChina.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

TheBayAreaScienceFestivalisback!Goingintoits11thyear,thefestivalisofferingagreatmixofbothin-

personandvirtualeventsforthecuriousofallages.Itpreviouslywasheldinthefall,butduetoregional

wildfires,thefestivalhasbeenmovedtothespringthisyearandwillbeginonThursday,April21-intimeto

celebrateEarthDayonFriday,April22—andrunthroughApril30,Hereareafewrecommendationsrelatedto

environmentalscience.

ChanRineShorelines

April25,2022,6p.m.一7p.m.

Thisin-persontourandwalkthroughthehistoryofsouthSanFrancisco'sshorelinewillbeanexplorationof

howbothclimatechangeandsea-levelrisehaveaffectedtheshiftsinourshorelines—andyou'lllearnaboutways

toprotectthem.

WildfirefromSpace

April26,2022,7p.m.—8p.m.

OurveryownKQEDevent,hostedbyRobertSimmonsfromPlanetLabs,offersvirtualandin-person

opportunitiestolearnaboutwildfiresthroughsatelliteimagery.Seewildfiresfromspaceandlearnhowthelatest

satellitetechnologyhelpsagenciesandcommunitiesmanageemergencyresponseduringbums.

VirtualTourofRccology

April27,2022,1p.m.—2p.m.

Whathappenstotheitemsyouplaceinyourroadsidebins?Thisvirtualeventwillhelpyoulearnaboutthe

historyofRecology,whatittakestorecycleallthatstuff,andwhatyoucandotocreatechangethathasimpact.

GreywatcrandWetlands

April30,2022,2p.m.—4p.m.

Thisin-persontouroftheEcoCenterwillexploreenvironmentaljusticethemesthroughthehistoryofthe

Bayview-HuntersPointneighborhood.You111learnhowashippingterminalbecamearestoredwetlandhabitat.

Plus,you'Hhaveachancetotransplantthenativesaltgrassthathelpsrestorewetlandsandprovideshabitatfor

migratingbirds.

1.WhichofthefollowingisasuitabletimeforpeopletoattendtheScienceFestival?

A.OnApril20.B.OnMay21.

C.OnApril22.D.OnMay30.

2.Ifyouareinterestedintherecyclingofhouseholdwaste,whicheventisthebestchoice?

A.WildfirefromSpace.B.VirtualTourofRecology.

C.ChangingShorelines.D.GreywaterandWetlands.

3.Whatdothefoureventsatthefestivalhaveincommon?

A.Theyareheldinthefallthisyear.B.Theyaredesignedforallteenagers.

C.Theyarebothonlineandofflineactivities.D.Environmentalscienceisacommontheme.

【答案】l.C2.B3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹灣區(qū)科學(xué)節(jié)上的幾個與環(huán)境科學(xué)有關(guān)的活動推薦。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Itpreviouslywasheldinthefall,butduetoregionalwildfires,thefestivalhasbeen

movedtothespringthisyearandwillbeginonThursday,April21—inlimeiocelebrateEarthDayonFriday,

April22-andrunthroughApril30."（之前的慶祝活動是在秋天舉行的，但由于當?shù)氐纳执蠡穑衲甑膽c

?；顒颖煌七t到了春季，并將于4月21日（星期四）開始，以及慶祝4月22日（星期五）的地球日，一直持

續(xù)到4月30日。）可知，科學(xué)節(jié)從4月21日開始，一直持續(xù)到4月30日。所以4月22日適合人們參加

科學(xué)節(jié)。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VirtualTourofRccolog、部分“Whathappenstotheitemsyouplaceinyourroadsidebins?

ThisvirtualeventwillhelpyoulearnaboutthehistoryofRecology,whatittakestorecycleallthatstuff,andwhat

youcandotocreatechangethathasimpact."（你放在路邊垃圾桶里的東西怎么辦？這個虛擬活動將幫助你

了解再生學(xué)的歷史，回收所有這些東西需要什么，以及你可以做什么來創(chuàng)造有影響力的改變。）可知，對

循環(huán)再造家居廢物有興趣的人，可以參加這個活動。故選B。

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hereareafewrecommendationsrelatedtoenvironmentalscience."（這里有一些

與環(huán)境科學(xué)有關(guān)的推薦。）可知，這4個活動的共同特點是他們的主題都是環(huán)境科學(xué)。故選D。

B

Asthefifthofsevenchildren,Iwenttothesamepublicschoolasmythreeeldersistersandbrother.Every

year,mymotherwenttothesameceremonyandhadparent-childinterviewswithteachers.Andeverychild

participatedinanoldschooltradition——theannualplantsaleheldinearlyMay,justtimelyforMother'sDay.

Whatwasdifferentwasthechild.

ThirdgradewasthefirsttimeIwasallowedtojoinintheplantsale.Originally,Iwantedtosurprisemy

mother.Forlackofenoughmoney,Iwenttomyeldestsisterandsharedmythought,afterwhichshesupported

mefinancially.Whenarrivingattheplantsale,Icarefullymademyselection,inspectingeachplantforthebest

geranium（天竺葵）andtakingithomeinsecret.WhenMother'sDayarrived,Irememberhowproudand

delightedmymotherwastoreceivethespecialgift.

TheyearIwasfifteen,myyoungersisterreachedthirdgrade.InearlyMay,shecametomefullofwonder

andsecrecyandtoldmethataplantsalewastobeheldatschool.Asmyeldersisterdidfbrme,Igavehersome

moneyandoffshewent.Shearrivedhomefullofnervousexcitement,thegeraniumhiddeninapaperbagunder

hersweater.lookedateveryplant,“sheexplained,"andIknowIgotthebestone!^^

Whenshegavemymotherthegeranium,theywerebothburstingwithprideanddelight.Mymotheralso

noticedmeandgavemeasoft,secretsmile.Withatugatmyheart,Ismiledback.Ihadbeenwonderinghowmy

mothercouldpretendtobesurprisedatthisgiftfromhersixthchild,butasIwatchedhereyeslightupwith

delightasshewaspresentedwiththatmostpreciousgift,Iknewshewasnotpretending.

4.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Oursiblingswerefromdifferentschools.

BMotherrepeatedlywentforsimilarinterviews.

C.Theannualplantsalewasintendedforrecreation.

D.Theoldschooltraditionwasheldeveryotheryear.

5.Whydidmymothergivemeasoft,secretsmile?

A.Becauseshedidn'tlikethegiftatall.

B.Becauseshewaspretendingtobehappy.

C.BecausesheknewIgavemoneytomysister.

D.Becauseshedidn'twantmetoletoutthesecret.

6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?

A.Reliable.B.Considerate.

C.HonestD.Frank.

7.What'sthesuitabletitleforthispassage?

A.SecretsmileB.Mother'sDay

C.GeraniumofloveD.Annualplantsale

【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和妹妹不約而同準備了天竺葵送給媽媽作為母親節(jié)禮

物的暖心故事。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段**Everyyear,mymotherwenttothesameceremonyandhadparent-childinterviews

withteachers.（每年我媽媽都會去參加同一個儀式，和老師進行親子訪談）”可知，每年媽媽都會去參加相

似的親子訪談。故選B。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Whenshegavemymotherthegeranium,theywerebothburstingwithprideand

delight.Mymotheralsonoticedmeandgavemeasoft,secretsmile.（當她把天竺葵送給母親時，她們倆都洋溢

著驕傲和喜悅。我的母親也注意到了我，給了我一個溫柔的、秘密的微笑）”可推斷，作者的媽媽希望作

者保守秘密，讓作者的妹妹覺得自己選的禮物是獨一無二的。故選D。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"ThirdgradewasthefirsttimeIwasallowedtojoinintheplantsale.Originally,I

wantedtosurprisemymother.（三年級是我第一次被允許參加工廠銷售。本來，我想給我媽媽一個驚喜）“以

及最后一段"Ihadbeenwonderinghowmymothercouldpretendtobesurprisedatthisgiftfromhersixthchild,

butasIwatchedhereyeslightupwithdelightasshewaspresentedwiththatmostpreciousgift,Iknewshewas

notpretending」我一直在想，我的母親如何能假裝對她第六個孩子送給她的禮物感到驚訝，但當我看到她

得到這份最珍貴的禮物時，她的眼睛里閃爍著喜悅的光芒，我知道她不是在假裝）”可推斷，作者是一個

很體貼、善解人意的孩子。故選B。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了作者和妹妹不約而同準備了天竺葵送給媽媽作為母親

節(jié)禮物的暖心故事。整篇文章，天竺葵貫穿前后，代表了作者和妹妹對媽媽的愛，也寓意了媽媽對子女

的愛護。由此可知，“Geraniumoflove（愛的天竺葵）”最適合作為文章標題。故選C。

C

Campaignstoprotectthenaturalworldaregettingincreasinglyambitious.Butalthoughthereisconvincing

evidencethatprotectedareaspreventhabitatloss,proofthattheyactuallybenefitwildlifeissurprisinglyscanty.

Now,thefirstlargestudyofitskindshowsnaturereservescanincreasewaterbirdpopulations,buttypicallyonly

ifhumanstakeanactiveroleintheirmanagement.

Tounderstandtheimpactofnaturereserves,conservationscientistHannahWauchopedecidedtoanalyze

populationsofwaterbirdspecies.First,theteamidentified1506protectedareasthathadpopulationdatafrom

bothbeforeandaftertheywerecreated.Then,theypairedeachreservewithoneormorecontrolsites—asimilar

patchofnearbyhabitat—thatwasunprotected.Thissetuphelpedtheresearchersunderstandhowtheprotected

areainfluencedbirdpopulations.

Theresearchershadhopedtheanalysiswouldclearlyshowprotectedareasbenefitbirds.However,only27%

ofwaterbirdpopulationsinprotectedareasincreasedafterthecreationofthereservewhile21%ofpopulations

werenegativelyimpacted,comparedwiththecontrolsites,afterareservewasestablished.Asilverliningisthat

nearlyhalfthestudiedgroupsneithergrewnorshrank:Atleastthosepopulationswerestable.

Tofigureoutwhatwasresponsibleforthepopulationgainsandlosses,theteamanalyzedmultiplefactors,of

whichthemostimportantwaswhetherthesitewasspecificallymanagedforwaterbirds.Thatcouldmeankeeping

riversandlakesattherightlevelsfortheprotectedspecies,removinginvasiveweeds,orinstallingfencingtokeep

outinvasivepredators.

“Themodestsuccessoftheseprotectedareasmakessense.^^saysPaulFerraro,anenvironmentaleconomist.

Inmanypolicycontexts,henotes,mostinterventionsworknobetterthanthestatusquo.However,thenew

study'smixedresultsarewhatgoodscienceactuallylookslikeandweneedmorestudieslikethisone.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scanty“probablymeaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Believable.B.Solid.C.Insufficient.D.Conflicting.

9.Whatcanweknowaboutnaturereservesfromparagraph3?

A.Nearlyhalfofthewaterbirdpopulationsareinastablestate.

B.Amajorityofthewaterbirdpopulationswerenegativelyaffected.

CNaturereservesincreasedthewaterbirdpopulationsasexpected.

D.Protectedareasmakemuchdifferencetothewaterbirdpopulations.

10.Whichofthefollowingistheleadingcauseofthefailureofnaturereserves?

A.Smallsize.B.Humanactivities.

C.Invasiveweeds.D.Ineffectivemanagement.

11.Whyaretheenvironmentaleconomisfswordsquoted?

A.Toemphasizethevalueofthestudy.B.Toshowthedrawbacksofintervention.

C.Toindicatethedifficultyofmorestudies.D.Toexpresssatisfactionaboutthestatusquo.

【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述建立自然保護區(qū)和人類的干預(yù)對野生動物的影響。

【8題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段"Butalthoughthereisconvincingevidencethatprotectedareaspreventhabitatloss,

proofthattheyactuallybenefitwildlifeissurprisinglyscanty.M（但是，盡管有令人信服的證據(jù)表明，保護區(qū)

可以防止棲息地的喪失，但是能證明保護區(qū)實際上有益于野生動物的證據(jù)卻驚人地scanty。）可知，

scanty是形容詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，2個小分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，上文提到“有令人信服的證

據(jù)”，下文就應(yīng)該是“能證明保護區(qū)實際上有益于野生動物的證據(jù)是不足的”，這樣上下文才能構(gòu)成對

比和轉(zhuǎn)折，所以scanty的意思應(yīng)該是“不足的”，和選項C意思一致。故選C。

【9題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Asilverliningisthatnearlyhalfthestudiedgroupsne汕ergrewnorshrank:Atleast

thosepopulationswerestable."（值得慶幸的是，幾乎一半的研究群體既沒有增長也沒有減少：至少這些群

體是穩(wěn)定的。）可知，幾乎一半的水鳥數(shù)量是處于穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)的。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"Tofigureoutwhatwasresponsibleforthepopulationgainsandlosses,theteam

analyzedmultiplefactors,ofwhichthemostimportantwaswhetherthesitewasspecificallymanagedfor

waterbirds."（為了弄清楚是什么導(dǎo)致了這些鳥的數(shù)量的增加和減少，研究小組分析了多種因素，其中最重

要的是這個地方是否是專門為水鳥管理的。）可知，管理是決定鳥類數(shù)量的最重要因素，所以如果一個自

然保護區(qū)失敗了，那么，最重要的原因應(yīng)該是管理不善。故選D。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“"Themodestsuccessoftheseprotectedareasmakessense.^^saysPaulFerraro,an

environmentaleconomist."（“這些保護區(qū)的適度成功是有意義的?！杯h(huán)境經(jīng)濟學(xué)家保羅?費拉羅說。）可

知，作者引用環(huán)境經(jīng)濟學(xué)家保羅?費拉羅的話，是為了強調(diào)研究的價值。故選A。

D

Welcometotheanti-climax,theoften-experiencedbutseldom-discusseddownsideofachievinglife's

milestones.Inpsychology,thebeliefthatachievingourgoalwillbringusalastingfeelingofhappinessiscalled

"arrivalfallacy”,whichplaysabigpartinthefeelingsofemptinessthatfollowit.

It'safeelingthat'salltoofamiliarforKatieFord,aveterinarysurgeon.Togainanextraqualification,sheput

incountlesshoursofstudyandmadelotsofsacrificesalongtheway,butnowinsteadofcelebrationandpride,she

feelsemptinessandconfusion,whichhavethepotentialtodevelopsymptomsofdepressionandlowmood.

Ifyoufindyourselfinasimilarsituationoryoususpectworkingtowardsyourmilestonesmaybealetdown

whenyoureachthefinishline,therearestepstohelpgetridofanti-climax.First,insteadofrushingforittobe

done,slowdowntoenjoythedoing,andrememberthatlotsofthingsinourlivesarenevertrulydone,but

constantlyevolvejustlikewedo.Anothervitalstepisacknowledgingthesmallwins.Wehavelotsofstepping

stonestoabiggoaltopauseon,socelebratehowfaryou'vecomefromthefirstone,andlookforwardtothe

manystonesinfront.Third,anticipatinganti-climaxesintheleaduptobigmilestonescanalsolessentheir

impact.Anti-climaxesarejustascommonaspost-holidayblues,sowe'dbetternormalizethem.

Ratherthandownplayingyourmilestonesormovingstraighttothenext,mindfullycherishthemoment,

recognizeyourprogressandrewardyourselfpositively.Thatway,youwon'tfallintothefallacyofhaving”made

if9.Instead,you'llseethatyouarehappily“makingit“alongthejourneythatisanentirelifetime.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Thebelief.B.Achievingourgoal.

C.Arrivalfallacy.D.Afeelingofhappiness.

13.WhydoestheauthorcitetheexampleofKatieFord?

A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarifyaconcept.

C.Todrawaconclusion.D.Tomakeaprediction.

14.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Whetheryoufallvictimtoanti-climax.

B.WhetheryouempathizewithKatieFord.

C.Howyoucanprotectyourselffromanti-climax.

D.Howyoucanidentifythesymptomsofanti-climax.

15.What'sthepurposeofthisarticle?

A.Tohelpushowtodealwithanti-climax.

B.Tosetreadersthinkingaboutanti-climax.

C.Toremindusofthedangerofanti-climax.

D.Todiscussthenecessityofpreventinganti-climax.

【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要告訴人們在反高潮、感到空虛時應(yīng)該如何面對和解決。

【12題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Inpsychology,thebeliefthatachievingourgoalwillbringusalastingfeelingof

happinessiscalled“arrivalfbllacy”,whichplaysabigpartinthefeelingsofemptinessthatfollowit.n（在心理學(xué)

中，相信實現(xiàn)目標會帶給我們持久的幸福感，這種信念被稱為“到達謬誤”，它在隨之而來的空虛感中

扮演了重要角色。）分析可知，it指代上文提到的“實現(xiàn)目標”。whichplaysabigpartinthefeelingsof

emptinessthatfollowit.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是arrivalfallacy,that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾the

feelings,可以翻譯為：到達謬誤在跟隨實現(xiàn)目標而來的空虛感中扮演了重要角色。故選B。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"It'safeelingthat'salltoofamiliarforKatieFord,aveterinarysurgeon.Togainan

extraqualification,sheputincountlesshoursofstudyandmadelotsofsacrificesalongtheway,butnowinstead

ofcelebrationandpride,shefeelsemptinessandconfusion,whichhavethepotentialtodevelopsymptomsof

depressionandlowmood."（這種感覺對KatieFord來說再熟悉不過了，她是個獸醫(yī)。為了獲得一個額外

的資格證書，她投入了無數(shù)個小時的學(xué)習(xí)，一路上做出了很多犧牲，但現(xiàn)在，她感到的不是慶祝和驕

傲，而是空虛和困惑，這有可能導(dǎo)致抑郁和反高潮的癥狀。）可知，這一段以KatieFord為例，是為了進

一步闡明第一段提到的“到達謬誤”這一概念。故選B。

【14題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Ifyoufindyourselfinasimilarsituationoryoususpectworkingtowardsyour

milestonesmaybealetdownwhenyoureachthefinishline,therearestepstohelpgetridofanti-climax.First,

insteadofrushingforittobedone,slowdowntoenjoythedoing,andrememberthatlotsofthingsinourlivesare

nevertrulydone,butconstantlyevolvejustlikewedo.Anothervitalstepisacknowledgingthesmallwins.We

havelotsofsteppingstonestoabiggoaltopauseon,socelebratehowfaryou'vecomefromthefirstone,and

lookforwardtothemanystonesinfront.Third,anticipatinganti-climaxesintheleaduptobigmilestonescan

alsolessentheirimpact.Anti-climaxesarejustascommonaspost-holidayblues,sowe'dbetternormalize

them."（如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于類似的情況，或者你懷疑朝著里程碑前進的過程可能會讓你在到達終點時感

到失望，這里有一些步驟可以幫助你擺脫反高潮。首先，與其急著去做，不如慢下來享受做這件事的過

程。記住，我們生活中的很多事情從來沒有真正完成過，而是像我們一樣不斷進化。另一個重要的步驟

是承認小的勝利。我們有很多通向大目標的墊腳石，可以停下來，所以慶祝你從第一個目標走了多遠，

并期待前面的許多墊腳石。第三，在重要的里程碑之前預(yù)估反高潮也可以減少它們的影響。反高潮和節(jié)

后抑郁一樣普遍，所以我們最好把它們常態(tài)化）可知，這一段主要介紹如何保護自己免受反高潮的影響。

故選C。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Ratherthandownplayingyourmilestonesormovingstraighttothenext,

mindfullycherishthemoment,recognizeyourprogressandrewardyourselfpositively.Thatway,youwon'tfall

intothefallacyofhaving“madeif,.Instead,you'llseethatyouarehappily“makingit“alongthejourneythatis

anentirelifetime."（與其淡化你的里程碑或者直接進入下一個階段，不如謹慎地珍惜當下，認識到你的進

步并且積極地獎勵自己。這樣，你就不會陷入“成功”的謬論。相反，你會看到自己在一生的旅程中快

樂地“成功”。）可知，作者寫這篇文章是為了幫助我們?nèi)绾谓鉀Q反高潮。故選A。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項，

Whenheadingtobed,peopleoftendosomethingstopromotesleep,suchasdrinkingacupofwarmmilk.

16Theanswerisvaried.

"Onereasonthatwarmmilkmakespeoplesleepyisthatitremindsyouofthepersonwhowaskindenough

togiveittoyouwhenyouwereyounger,'*saidpsychologistMichael.17

Onthemolecularlevel,thetryptophan（色氨酸）inmilkhaspropertieswhichcanpromotesleeping.

18Ourbodiesusethetryptophanfromfood,alongwithotherthings,toproducethebrainchemical

serotonin,whichistransformedintomelatonin,ahormonethathelpsyousleep.

19That'sbecausethebodytransformsitintohormonesthatenhancesleep.Butinreality,itwould

takealotoftryptophantomakeapersonfeelsleepy.Evenifapersondrinksthatmuchmilk,it'sunclearwhether

thehighamountoftryptophanwouldbeenoughtomakehimorherfeelsleepy.Milk,afterall,containsmany

othermaterialsthatcompetetoenterourbrainthroughtheblood.Thus,thesleep-promotingeffectofmilkis

limited.

Asforthetemperatureofthemilk,therearen'tanystudiesthatsuggestmilkhastobewarmforanyofits

psychologicalorphysicaleffectstokickin.20Itcaninturnhelptorelaxthebody.

A.Thecalmingassociationmayhelptolowerpre-sleepanxiety.

B.Intheory,takingfoodrichintryptophancanmakeusfeelsleepy.

C.Thebodyneedsthetryptophaninthemilktocalmourselvesdown.

D.Canthetemperatureofthemilkacceleratethespeedofoursleeping?

E.Thebodycannotproducetryptophan,sopeoplemustgetitfromthediet.

F.Butthewarmthofthemilkmayhelpraiseourinternalbodytemperatures.

G.Butisthereanyscientificevidencethatdrinkingwarmmilkwillmakeyousleepy?

【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.B20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要對睡前喝熱牛奶是否對睡眠有用進行了解釋。文章指出，熱牛奶

之所以對你睡眠有助一方面是因為它讓你想起曾經(jīng)給你熱牛奶的人，這有一定緩解焦慮的作用；另一方

面是因為熱牛奶里的色氨酸也有促進睡眠的作用，但是實際情況來看，可能其效果有限。除此以外，牛

奶的溫度從某種程度上也能讓你放松，從而睡個好覺。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Theanswerisvaried.（這個答案是多種多樣的。）”以及<<44Onereasonthatwarmmilkmakes

peoplesleepyisthatitremindsyouofthepersonwhowaskindenoughtogiveittoyouwhenyouwereyounger,',

saidpsychologistMichael.（心理學(xué)家邁克爾說：“熱牛奶讓人昏昏欲睡的一個原因是，它會讓你想起那個在

你年輕時好心給你熱牛奶的人。"）”和<40nthemolecularlevel,thetryptophan（色氨酸）inmilkhas

propertieswhichcanpromotesleeping.（在分子水平上，色氨酸具有促進睡眠的特性。）”可知，后文是對選

項所提出的一個問題進行回答，該問題跟后文所提到的內(nèi)容相關(guān)，故選項應(yīng)為一個疑問句。選項G中的

scientificevidencev對應(yīng)后文中的“Onthemolecularlevel”，而選項中的makeyousleepy在后文又被提

到，兩者互相照應(yīng)。故選G項。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“'Onereasonthatwarmmilkmakespeoplesleepyisthatitremindsyouofthepersonwhowaskind

enoughtogiveittoyouwhenyouwereyounger,1saidpsychologistMichael.（心理學(xué)家邁克爾說：“熱牛奶讓人

昏昏欲睡的一個原因是，它會讓你想起那個在你年輕時好心給你熱牛奶的人?！埃?可知，熱牛奶讓人想

起曾經(jīng)給自己溫暖的人，使人內(nèi)心感動，這種聯(lián)系能減緩睡前焦慮。選項A中的“Thecalming

association"對應(yīng)前文的提到的“想起那個在你年輕時好心給你熱牛奶的人”，這會產(chǎn)生令人鎮(zhèn)靜的作

用，因此推斷A項“這種鎮(zhèn)靜的聯(lián)系可能有助于降低睡前焦慮?！狈险Z境。故選A項。

18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Ourbodiesusethetryptophanfromfood,alongwithotherthings,toproducethebrainchemical

serotonin,whichistransformedintomelatonin,ahormonethathelpsyousleep.（我們身體利用食物中的色氨

酸和其他物質(zhì)來產(chǎn)生大腦化學(xué)物質(zhì)血清素。血清素被轉(zhuǎn)化為褪黑激素，這種激素有助于睡眠。）”可知，

色氨酸是從食物以及其他物質(zhì)中獲取的，我們身體本身不具有色氨酸。故E選項中的“getitfromthe

diet對應(yīng)**usethetryptophanfromfood,alongwithotherthings**,因此推斷E項“人體不能產(chǎn)生色氨

酸，所以人們必須從飲食中獲取色氨酸?！狈险Z境。故選E項。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)后文"That'sbecausethebodytransformsitintohormonesthatenhancesleep.Butinreality,itwouldtakea

lotoftryptophantomakeapersonfeelsleepy.（這是因為身體將其轉(zhuǎn)化為增強睡眠的激素。但事實上，需要大

量的色氨酸才能讓人感到困倦。）”可知，本段從理論和實際兩個方面去論述到底色氨酸是否具有助眠的

作用。選項B中的“Intheory”與后文的“Butinreality”相對應(yīng)。因此推斷B項“從理論上講，食用富

含色氨酸的食物會讓我們感到困倦?！狈险Z境。故選B項。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)前文“Asforthetemperatureofthemilk,therearen'tanystudiesthatsuggestmilkhastobewarmforany

ofitspsychologicalorphysicaleffectstokickin.（至于牛奶的溫度，沒有任何研究表明牛奶必須是熱的才能

發(fā)揮其心理或生理作用。）"以及后文"Itcaninturnhelptorelaxthebody.（這反過來有助于放松身體。）“

可知，本段講述的是牛奶的溫度可能也是一個影響助眠效果的因素。選項F中的"thewarmthofthe

milk”對應(yīng)前文的"ihetemperatureofthemilk”以及選項中的"raiseourinternalbodytemperatures”對應(yīng)

后文的“it”，故選項F“但牛奶的溫度可能有助于提高我們體內(nèi)的溫度。”符合語境，具有承上啟下的

作用。故選F項。

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

LifeRollsOn

IwasaboutninethefirsttimeIgotonaboard.WhenIwastwelve,Ibegantocompeteinsurfing,21

numberoneinPacificSurfSeries.Fortunefavoredme22eversince.

Thencametheday23mylifechanged.AsIsurfed,thewave24meinmybacksofastthatI

hadnotimetorespond.Mywholebodywentnumb-unableto25.Unsurprisingly,Iwasdiagnosed

paralyzed（癱瘓的）.

Badasitwas,Ifeltproudofmyselfby26thewilltolive.Insteadofbeingafraid,Irealizedhow

27Ihadbeenthefirstseventeenyearsofmylife,feelingblessedbyGod.

Thatfall,Ireturnedtoschoolandendedup28ontime.Shortlyafterthat,Iwaseven29bya

UniversitywhereIlivedmylifetothefullestfromgoingout