湖南省常德市官陵湖中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二英語聯(lián)考試卷含解析

湖南省常德市官陵湖中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高二英語聯(lián)考試卷含解析一、選擇題1.ChinarecentlytighteneditswaterscontrolsneartheHuangyanIslandtopreventChinesefishingboatsfromintheSouthChinaSea.

A.attackingB.havingattackedC.beingattackedD.havingbeenattacked參考答案：C提示:考查非謂語動詞。由于Chinesefishingboats與attack之間存在被動關(guān)系,所以排除表示主動的A項(xiàng)(attacking)和B項(xiàng)(havingattacked);由句意“最近中國加緊對黃巖島附近水域的控制來阻止中國漁船在中國南海受到進(jìn)攻”可知attack的動作并沒有發(fā)生,因此排除表示完成的D項(xiàng)(havingbeenattacked)。故選C項(xiàng)。

2.Thesigns_______“NoSmoking.”areplacedinthepublicplaces,butwefindmanypeoplestillsmokethere.A.read

B.toread

C.reads

D.reading參考答案：D3.______fromheartdiseaseforyears,Andyhastotakesomemedicinewithhimwherevershegoes.

A.Tosuffer B.Suffered

C.Havingsuffered

D.Beingsuffered參考答案：C4.Drunkdrivingisagreatthreattoeveryone.SoI_____younevertodriveafterdrinkingalcohol.A.appealto B.applyto C.referto D.objectto參考答案：A5.Theinstructionsontheboxarevery__________.Noonecanunderstandthem..A.confused

B.confusing

C.surprised

D.surprising參考答案：B6.Thefactthatfunisnotequaltohappinessmaybetheoppositeof______manypeopleactuallyunderstand.A.why B.that C.which D.what參考答案：D7.WhenIgetpuzzledaboutsomedifficultproblems,myteacheralwaysencouragesmeandsays,“Takeit_________.”A.forgranted

B.serious

C.simple

D.easy參考答案：D8.ItrytomakehimunderstandthatIamnotinterestedinhim,buthenevergetsthe______.

A.information

B.news

C.word

D.message參考答案：D略9.

I________likeboiledwater,butnowIloveit.A.would

B.usedto

C.wouldn’t

D.didn’tuseto參考答案：10.Shewasaccused____cheatingintheexamandwasto____.A.with;blame

B.of;blame

C.with;beblamed

D.of;beblamed參考答案：B略11.

Icaughtabadcoldtheotherdayandmyweekend

A.hasruined

B.hadruined

C.hasbeenruined

D.hadbeenruined參考答案：C12.Attime,thebalanceofnatureis ,causingbadeffectstoourenvironment.A．disturbed B．interrupted C．presented D.suffered參考答案：A略13.Comeandseemewhenever_______.A.youareconvenient

B.youwillbeconvenientC.itisconvenienttoyou

D.itwillbeconvenienttoyou參考答案：C14.--Didyousubmit(遞交）yourapplicationforaMaster’sdegree(碩士學(xué)位）？--Notyet.IfI_____toseemyfather,Iwouldhave.”A.didn’tgo

B.haven’tgone

C.wouldn’thavegone

D.hadn’tgone參考答案：D15.Ingeneral,weexpect__________muchbetterperformancefromthecompany_________nextyear.A.a;a

B.a;the

C.a;/

D.the;/參考答案：C16.Alexandertriedtogethiswork________inthemedicalcircles.A.torecognize

B.recognizingC.recognize

D.recognized參考答案：D題干中含有“getsth.done”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“使某事被做”。句意：Alexander試圖使他的工作被醫(yī)學(xué)界認(rèn)可。hiswork與recognize為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故選D項(xiàng)。二、完型填空17.IwaswatchingaTVseriesonenightwhenItookinonescene.Amanwasseekinghiscommunityvotes,andpeople_____41_____wantedtoknowwhytheyshouldgivehimtheir_____42_____.Hetookthemtohishouseandonevery_____43_____inhishousewastheword“Faith”pasted.Peopleraisedlotsof_____44_____tofindoutwhythewordwaspastedonhismirrors.Hesaid,“Mydadoften_____45_____metobelievethataslongasyouhave_____46_____,youshouldhavefaith.Everytimeyoulookintothemirror,you’relookingatyourselfandsee‘Faith’.”The_____47_____Ilearnedfromthisissimple—faithisalivingthingandinthesamewaywe’reall_____48_____given24hoursadayandwe’reallgiventhesamemeasureoffaith.Faithkeepsusgoingwhenthingsget_____49_____!Whyissomepeople’sfaithstrongerthanthatofothers?Exercise!Ifwechoosetoexerciseourfaith,itwill_____50_____;butifwechoosenotto,itremainsweak.Somepeoplemight_____51_____thattheydon’thavefaith,butweallpracticefaitheverydayevenifwedon’t_____52_____itwasfaith.Daily_____53_____,suchasstudying,investingorreachingforadream,takefaith.Faith_____54_____hearinganddoing.Imadeadecisionyesterday—to_____55_____readingthenewspaperfulloftoomuchsadand_____56_____news.Why?BecauseI_____57_____therewasadropofmymentalstateafterreadingthenewspapers.Faith,whenit’sputto_____58_____,becomesabeautifulthing,Itliftsyourmentalstatetoahigherplacethat_____59_____youtoraiseyourselfupanddeclare,“Yeswecan.”Somakethedecisiontodaytostrengthenyourfaithby_____60_____it.41.A.bravely

B.briefly

C.mostly

D.finally42.A.support

B.instruction

C.pity

D.information43.A.wall

B.mirror

C.picture

D.book44.A.voices

B.questions

C.rules

D.standards45.A.teaches

B.permits

C.forces

D.promises46.A.friendship

B.breath

C.wealth

D.success47.A.lesson

B.view

C.choice

D.example48.A.extremely

B.freely

C.equally

D.frequently49.A.strange

B.different

C.funny

D.rough50.A.stay

B.return

C.slow

D.grow51.A.argue

B.realize

C.understand

D.predict52.A.agree

B.appreciate

C.admire

D.acknowledge53.A.services

B.steps

C.tasks

D.experiment54.A.dreamsof

B.comesfrom

C.feelslike

D.keepson55.A.consider

B.delay

C.stop

D.risk56.A.various

B.genuine

C.latest

D.negative57.A.heard

B.noticed

C.declared

D.explained58.A.check

B.list

C.work

D.sleep59.A.warns

B.causes

C.orders

D.forbids60.A.exercising

B.forming

C.obtaining

D.thinking參考答案：41.C

42.A

43.B

44.B

45.A

46.B

47.A

48.C

49.D

50.D

51.A

52.D

53.C

54.B

55.C

56.D

57.B

58.C

59.B

60.A試題分析：本文敘述了電視劇中一位年輕人家中的每一面鏡子上都貼著“faith”這個(gè)字的情節(jié)引發(fā)了作者的深思。是啊，信念，當(dāng)它起作用時(shí)，就是一件美好的禮物，它可以使人們鼓足勇氣、奮力拼搏。【41題詳解】考查副詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。bravely勇敢的；briefly簡要地；mostly大多數(shù)；finally最后。一個(gè)年輕人正在社區(qū)里為自己拉票，而多數(shù)人都想知道他有什么理由可以讓他們支持他，故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。support支持；instruction指導(dǎo)；pity同情；information消息。根據(jù)上文“seekinghiscommunityvotes…”可知，人們想知道為什么要給他支持。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。wall墻；mirror鏡子；picture圖畫；book書。根據(jù)下文提到“thewordwaspastedonhismirrors”可知。他把他帶到房子，每一個(gè)房子的鏡子上都粘上一個(gè)詞“faith”，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。voices聲音；questions問題；rules規(guī)則；

standards水平。根據(jù)下文“whythewordwaspastedonhismirrors”，可知此處表示人們提出問題（raisequestions）想了解為什么鏡子上都有這個(gè)單詞。故選B。【45題詳解】考查動詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。teaches教學(xué)；permits允許；forces強(qiáng)迫；

promises允諾。本句表示父親教導(dǎo)我人生的道理（teachsb.todosth.）。我的父親經(jīng)常教導(dǎo)我只要活著就應(yīng)該有信心，故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。friendship友誼；breath呼吸；wealth財(cái)富；success成功。根據(jù)上下文可知，把faith這個(gè)詞貼在鏡子上是為了每一次照鏡子時(shí)都能看到它，這說明父親讓他相信信念非常重要，只要活著，我們就要有信仰。havebreath表示“活著”。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。lesson一課，教訓(xùn)；view觀點(diǎn)；choice選擇；

example例子。根據(jù)破折號后的內(nèi)容是作者從這一電視劇情節(jié)中學(xué)到的lesson。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查副詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。extremely及其；freely自由地；equally平等地；frequently經(jīng)常地。根據(jù)下文24hoursaday判斷，我們每個(gè)人的一天同樣(equally)都是24小時(shí)。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。strange奇怪的；different不同的；funny滑稽的；tough難的。根據(jù)常識可知，當(dāng)事情變得艱難時(shí)(getrough)，更能顯出信念的作用。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。stay停留；return回來；slow慢的；grow生長。本句對比了兩種情況：選擇經(jīng)受磨練，信念就會增強(qiáng)(grow)；選擇逃避磨練，信念就會仍然薄弱。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。argue爭論；realize意識到；understand理解；predict預(yù)言。作者認(rèn)為有些人可能會有不同意見，他們也許會爭辯(argue)說，他們沒有信念。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。agree同意；appreciate感激；admire欣賞；acknowledge承認(rèn)。聯(lián)系上文可知，作者對這些人的駁斥是：我們每天都在踐行它，即使我們不承認(rèn)(acknowledge)那就是信念。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。services服務(wù)；steps步驟；tasks任務(wù)；experiments實(shí)驗(yàn)。此空后列舉的內(nèi)容都是我們的日?；顒?，故用task。日?；顒尤鐚W(xué)習(xí)、投資或?qū)崿F(xiàn)夢想都需要信念，故選C。【54題詳解】考查動詞短語及上下文的呼應(yīng)。dreamsof夢想；comesfrom來自；feelslike想要；keepson繼續(xù)。信念來自于(comefrom)你所聽和所做的事。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。consider考慮；delay推遲；stop停止；risk冒險(xiǎn)。看了那些報(bào)紙后，作者總會情緒低落。因此，要樹立信念，作者應(yīng)該是決定以后不再(stop)看那些有負(fù)面影響的報(bào)紙了。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。various各種各樣的；genuine真誠地；latest最新的；negative負(fù)面的。此處所需詞匯應(yīng)與sad同義，表示“悲傷和負(fù)面的消息”。我下定決心停止讀充滿壞的和負(fù)面消息的報(bào)紙，故選D【57題詳解】考查動詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。heard聽見；noticed注意到；declared宣布；explained解釋。讀了那樣的內(nèi)容，我“注意到”了自己情緒的低落。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。check檢查；list列出；work工作；sleep睡覺。put…towork表示“踐行、使起作用”(cause…towork)。當(dāng)踐行信念時(shí)，它會變成一個(gè)美好的東西，一件美麗的人生禮物。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。warns警告；causes引起；orders命令；forbids禁止。信念能把你的精神狀態(tài)提升到更高的高度，促使你提升自我，并宣稱：“是的，我能?！保蔬xB?！?0題詳解】考查動詞及上下文的呼應(yīng)。exercising鍛煉；forming養(yǎng)成；obtaining獲得；thinking想。根據(jù)第二段“Ifwechoosetoexerciseourfaith,itwill…”可知此處應(yīng)選exercise.通過鍛煉，可以加強(qiáng)你的信念，故選A。三、閱讀理解18.Exercisemayhelptosafeguardthemindagainstdepression（沮喪）throughpreviouslyunknowneffectsonworkingmuscles,accordingtoanewstudyinvolvingmice.

Mentalhealthexpertshavelongbeenawarethatevenmild,repeatedstresscancontributetothedevelopmentofdepressionandothermooddisordersinanimalsandpeople.Scientistshavealsoknownthatexerciseseemstocushionagainstdepression.Butpreciselyhowexercise,aphysicalactivitycanreducesomeone’sriskfordepression,amoodstate,hasbeenmysterious.Soforthenewstudy,researchersattheKarolinskaInstituteinStockholmstudiedthebrainsandbehaviorofmiceinacomplicatedandnovelfashion.Wecan’taskmiceiftheyarefeelingcheerfulorinlowspirits.Instead,researchershavepicturedcertainbehaviorsthatindicatedepressioninmice.Ifanimalsloseweight,stopseekingoutasugarsolutionwhenit’savailable—because,probably,theynolongerexperiencenormalpleasures—orgiveuptryingtoescapefromthecold-waterzonejustfreezeinplace,theyarecategorizedasdepressed.Andinthenewexperiment,afterfiveweeksoffrequentbutlow-levelstress,suchasbeinglightlyshocked,micedisplayedexactlythosebehaviors.Theybecamedepressed.Thescientistscouldthenhavetestedwhetherexerciseblunts(延緩)theriskofdevelopingdepressionafterstressbyhavingmicerunfirst.But,frankly,fromearlierresearch,theywantedtoknowhow,sotheybredpre-exercisedmice.Awealthofearlierresearchbythesescientistsandothershadshownthataerobicexercise,inbothmiceandpeople,increasestheproductionwithinmusclesofanenzyme(酶)calledPGC-1alpha.TheKarolinskascientistssuspected（懷疑）thatthisenzymesomehowcreatesconditionswithinthebodythatprotectthebrainagainstdepression.Then,thescientistsexposedtheanimals,whichwithoutexercising,wereinhighlevelsofPGC-1alphatofiveweeksofmildstress.Themicerespondedwithslightsymptomsofworry.Buttheydidnotdevelopdepression.Theycontinuedtoseekoutsugarandfoughttogetoutofthecold-waterzone.TheirhighlevelsofPGC-1alphaappearedtomakethemdepression-resistant（抵抗的）.Finally,toensurethatthesefindingsarerelevanttopeople,theresearchershadagroupofadultvolunteerscompletethreeweeksoffrequentendurancetraining,consistingof40to50minutesofmoderatecyclingorjogging.Thescientistsconductedmusclebiopsies(活體檢查)beforeandaftertheprogramandfoundthatbytheendofthethreeweeks,thevolunteers’musclecellscontainedsubstantiallymorePGC-1alphathanatthestudy’sstart.Thefindingoftheseresults,inthesimplestterms,isthat“youreducetheriskofgettingdepressionwhenyouexercise,”saidMariaLindskog,aresearcherattheKarolinskaInstitute.62.TheresearchersattheKarolinskaInstituteinStockholmconductedthenewstudyhopingtoknow______.A.ifexercisecushionsagainstdepressionB.whatcanleadtodepressioninanimalsandpeopleC.ifstresscancontributetothedevelopmentofdepressionD.howexercisecontributestoreducingsomeone’sriskfordepression63.WecaninferfromthenewexperimentconductedbyresearchersattheKarolinskaInstitutethatmicearedepressedexceptwhen______.A.theyattempttoescapefromthecold-waterzoneB.theystopsearchingforthesugarwaterC.theystandstillinplaceD.theycan’texperiencenormalpleasuresanylonger64.Researchersaskedagroupofadultvolunteerstocompletethreeweeksoffrequentendurancetraininginorderto______.A.knowifexercisecanhelptosafeguardthemindagainstdepressionB.knowiftheycanendure40to50minutesofmoderatecyclingorjoggingC.ensuretheycanloseweightaftermoderatecyclingorjoggingD.confirmthefindingsabovearealsorelevanttopeople65.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.A.themicewithhighlevelsofPGC-1alphaareeasiertodevelopdepressionB.athletesaremorelikelytodevelopdepressionthanordinarypeopleC.theenzymecalledPGC-1alphahelpstoreducedepressionD.inthepastmentalhealthspecialistsdidn’tknowexercisecouldhelpreducedepression參考答案：62.D63.A64.D65.C65.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中Awealthofearlierresearchbythesescientistsandothershadshownthataerobicexercise,inbothmiceandpeople,increasestheproductionwithinmusclesofanenzyme(酶)calledPGC-1alpha.經(jīng)過鍛煉生產(chǎn)更多的PGC-1alpha；TheirhighlevelsofPGC-1alphaappearedtomakethemdepression-resistant（抵抗的）他們的高水平的PGC-1alpha似乎使他們對抗抑郁癥；再根據(jù)最后一段Thefindingoftheseresults,inthesimplestterms,isthat“youreducetheriskofgettingdepressionwhenyouexercise,”可知PGC-1alpha幫助減少抑郁。故選C。【名師點(diǎn)睛】在細(xì)節(jié)考查題中有一類事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。該題屬于細(xì)節(jié)類型的閱讀理解題，一般只針對某個(gè)特定的細(xì)節(jié)，題型可以多種多樣。此類題型一般分兩種。第一種是直接理解題，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二種是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，正確選項(xiàng)是原文有關(guān)詞語和句子的轉(zhuǎn)換。做此類試題一定要抓住事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、發(fā)展過程和結(jié)局等環(huán)節(jié)，所選答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生義。64.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句Finally,toensurethatthesefindingsarerelevanttopeople,theresearchershadagroupofadultvolunteerscompletethreeweeksoffrequentendurancetraining,consistingof40to50minutesofmoderatecyclingorjogging.可知認(rèn)證上面的這些發(fā)現(xiàn)與人有關(guān)。故選D。19.OdetoJoy(《歡樂頌》)，a42-episodesTVseries,isaboutfiveyoungwomenlivingonthe22ndfloorofShanghai’s“OdetoJoy”high-risecommunity.Theybecomefriendswhilepursuingloveandcareeradvancement.SinceitsappearanceonApril18,OdetoJoyhasbeenpraisedforitsrealisticdescriptionofthehiddenstrugglesofcitylife.“Theaudiencecanrelatetothecharacterssincetheirexperiencescanbetracedbacktoreallifetoo，”commentedtheDaheDaily.“Evenbetter,femaleaudiencescanfindthemselvesinoneortwoofthecharactersbecausethecharactersembodyfemininearchetypes(原型）foundthroughoutthesociety.”Buttheideaoffollowingagroupofwomenastheyleadacitylifeishardlyapioneeringconcept.Inmanyways,OdetoJoyresemblesAmericanTVserieslikeSexandtheCity(1998-2004)andDesperateHousewives(2004-2012).Thesetwoserieswerepraisedfortheirfeministthemes,buttheyalsoemployedwell-knownfemalearchetypestoillustratetherangeofdilemmaswomenface.DeborahA.Macey,acommunicationsprofessoratSaintLouisUniversityintheUS,dividesthesearchetypesupintofourways:theironmaiden,thesexobject,thechild，andthemother.“Theironmaidenisportrayedasmasculineandcareer-oriented.Thesexobjectownshersexualityandgenuinelylovesherbody.Thechildarchetypeisnaive,optimistic,anddim-witted.Themotherarchetypeconnectsthecharactersintheseriesandservesasthedominantstoryteller,”Maceysaidontheonlinemediaforum“InMediaRes”.Soundsfamiliar?Yes,thesefeaturescanbeseeninthecharactersofOdetoJoy.Andy(LiuTao),forinstance,partlyembodiestheironmaidenrole.She'ssupersmart,rationalanddirect.ShemovesfromtheUStoShanghaiandtakesthepositionofCFOatatopChinesecompany.FanShengmei(JiangXin)canbeseenasthe“mother”intheseries.Despitethefactthatshesinchargeofherownfamilyissues，shetakesherfriendsunderherwingandstandsupforthem.QuXiaoxiao(Wangziwen),thesexyandbeautifulgirlbornwithsilverspoon,perfectlyillustrateswhatisbitter-sweetrelationshipbetweenfriendsandlovers.Withthatbeingsaid.OdetoJoydoesn'tlackcreativity.Itassignsthe“child”roletotwocharacters-thestraightforward,naiveQiuYingying(YangZi),andthegood-tempered,hard-workingGuanJu'er(QiaoXin).ButthiscategoryofTVserieshasitsrisks.Havingfivemaincharactersmeansthedramaisn’tstory-drivenbutcharacter-driven.“It’snotsomethingyouoftenseein