【英語】高考英語閱讀理解專項訓練及答案

【英語】高考英語閱讀理解專項訓練及答案一、高中英語閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

MelindaSkaarwasn'texpectinganyphonecalls.SkaarwasworkinglateinherofficeattheFirstInternetbankofCalifornia.By10:45thatnightshewasalmostreadytogohomewhenthephonerang.Pickingitup,sheheardaguardshouting,"Thereisafire!Getoutofthere."Skaardidn'tpanic.Shefiguredthatitwasjustasmallfire.Herofficebuildingwashuge.Therewere62floorsandherdeskwasonthe37thfloor.SkaarcalledouttoofficemateStephenOksas,whoalsostayedlatetowork.Butwhentheygotouttothehallway,theyweremetbyacloudofblacksmoke.Rushingback,Skaarshutthedoorandfilledthespaceatthebottomofthedoorwithherjackettokeepthesmokeout.

Thentheycalled911.Beforetheycouldcalltheirfamilies,however,thelinewentdead.Thatmeantthattheywerecompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.Alltheycoulddowaswaitandhopesomeonewouldcometorescuethem.

Minutestickedby.Smokebegantofloatintotheoffice.Soonitbecamehardforthemtobreathe.Lookingaround,Skaarnoticedasmallworkroom.Itseemedtohavecleanerair.Sotheycrowdedthere.Thathelpedforawhile,butintimeeventheworkroomwasfilledwithdeadlysmoke.Hopeless,theytriedtobreakthewindows,buttheglasswasnotbreakable.Everythingtheythrewatitjustbouncedback.Defeated,theystruggledbacktotheworkroom.Theyfeltweakanddizzy.SoonSkaarfoundOksashadpassedout.

AsSkaarandOksaslayneardeath,rescuerswererushingtofindthem.Atlast,atabout4a.m.,firefightersfoundthem.

SkaarandOksasknewtheywereluckytobealive.Sundayismybirthday,Skaartoldareporter.Shewouldbeturning29,butsheknewshehadalreadygotthebestpresentpossible—thegiftoflife.（1）WhatdidSkaarandOksasdowhentheywerestoppedbythefire?A.

theytriedtorundownthestairs.

B.

theycalledtheirfamilies.C.

theywaitedwheretheywere.

D.

theyrushedbackandshutthedoor.（2）ThefollowinghelpedSkaarandOksassurvivethefireexcept

.A.

calling911forhelp

B.

shuttingthedoorandkeepingthesmokeoutwithajacketC.

breakingthewindowstogetsomefreshair

D.

crowdinginasmallworkroomforcleanair（3）WhatcanweconcludefromSkaar'sactioninthefire?A.

shewastrainedasafirefighter.

B.

shewasclevererthanOksas.C.

shehadhadtheexperienceofbeingcaughtinfire.

D.

sheremainedcalminthefaceofdanger.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了兩個女孩由于大火被困在36層的大樓內(nèi)，面對危險她們臨危不懼，終于安然脫險，幸免于難的故事。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butwhentheygotouttothehallway,theyweremetbyacloudofblacksmoke.Rushingback,Skaarshutthedoorandfilledthespaceatthebottomofthedoorwithherjackettokeepthesmokeout.”可知他們走到走廊時想下樓時，一團黑煙迎面撲來。他們趕緊跑回去關(guān)上門，用她的夾克填滿了門底部的空隙，把煙擋在外面。故選D。（2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Skaarshutthedoorandfilledthespaceatthebottomofthedoorwithherjackettokeepthesmokeout.”；第二段中的“Thentheycalled911.”；以及第三段中的“Skaarnoticedasmallworkroom.Itseemedtohavecleanerair.Sotheycrowdedthere.”可知在火災(zāi)中SkaarandOksas為了生存做的事，C項沒有，故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Rushingback,Skaarshutthedoorandfilledthespaceatthebottomofthedoorwithherjackettokeepthesmokeout.Thentheycalled911.Lookingaround,Skaarnoticedasmallworkroom.Itseemedtohavecleanerair.Sotheycrowdedthere.和theytriedtobreakthewindows,”這些Skaar的行為可知，面對火災(zāi)她保持鎮(zhèn)靜，從容面對。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Throughouthistory,artist,inventors,writersandscientistshavesolvedproblemsintheirdreams.Now,let'shavealooktogetheratsomeofthem.

⒈PaulMcCartneyFoundYesterdayinadream

PaulMcCartneyisoneofthemostfamoussingers/songwritersofalltime.AccordingtotheGuinnessBookofRecords,hisBeatlessongYesterday(1965)hasthemostcover（翻唱）versionsofanysongeverwrittenand,accordingtorecordlabelBMI，wasperformedoversevenmilliontimesinthe20thcentury.

ThetuneforYesterdaycametoPaulMcCartneyinadream.

“Iwokeupwithalovelytuneinmyhead.Ithought,'That'sgreat,Iwonderwhatthatis?'Therewasanuprightpianonexttome,totherightofmybedbythewindow.Igotoutofbed,satatthepiano,foundG,foundFsharpminorandthatleadsyouthroughthentoBtoEminor,andfinallybacktoE.Itallleadsforwardlogically.Ilikedthemelodyalot,butbecauseI'ddreamedit,Icouldn'tbelieveI'dwrittenit.Ithought,'No,I'veneverwrittenanythinglikethisbefore.'ButIhadthetune,whichwasthemostmagicthing!”

⒉MaryShelley'sFrankenteinInspiredbyaDream

Inthesummerof1816,nineteen-year-oldMaryWollstonecraftGodwinandherlover,thepoetPercyShelley(whomshemarriedlaterthatyear),visitedthepoetLordByronathisvillabesideLakeGenevainSwitzerland.Stormyweatherfrequentlyforcedthemindoors,wheretheyandByron'sotherguestssometimesreadfromavolumeofghoststories.Oneevening,Byronchallengedhisgueststoeachwriteonethemselves.

Mary'sstory,inspiredbyadream,becameFrankentein（科學怪人）.

“WhenIplacedmyheaduponmypillow,Ididnotsleep,norcouldIbesaidtothinkMyeyesshut,Isawwithmyacutementalvisionthepalestudentofunholyartskneelingbesidethethinghehadputtogether.Isawtheuglyfigureofamanstretchout,andthen,ontheworkingofsomepowerfulengine,showsignsoflife,andtremblewithanuneasymotion,extremelyfrightful.ThenextmorningIannouncedthatIhadthoughtofastory.Ibeganthatdaywiththewords,'ItwasonadullnightofNovember',makingonlyatranscript(文字稿)ofthecruelterrorofmywakingdream.”（1）Wecanlearnfromthewholepassagethat_________.A.

Somegreatstories,poemsandsongswerecreatedwhiletheirwritersslept

B.

PaulMcCartneylikeswritingsongsindreamsC.

FrankenteinwaswrittenbyByron'sguests

D.

ByronwasanuglyfrightfulFrankentein（2）Theunderlinedword“melody”hasthesimilarmeaningof_______.A.

dream

B.

song

C.

tune

D.

instrument（3）Whichisthebesttitleofthewholepassage?A.

TheGreatestwriters

B.

ThemostfamoussongandstoryC.

Greatdreamsthatcometrue

D.

Howtodream【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，縱觀歷史，很多藝術(shù)家、發(fā)明家、作家和科學家都曾經(jīng)在夢中解決問題。本文舉例講述了兩個夢境成真的故事。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Throughouthistory,artist,inventors,writersandscientistshavesolvedproblemsintheirdreams.Now,let'shavealooktogetheratsomeofthem.”可知，很多藝術(shù)家、發(fā)明家、作家和科學家都曾經(jīng)在夢中解決問題。因此可知，一些偉大的故事，詩歌和歌曲是在作家睡覺的時候創(chuàng)作的。故選A。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)

⒈PaulMcCartneyFoundYesterdayinadream部分中的“Iwokeupwithalovelytuneinmyhead.”可知，“我”醒來腦海中還有那可愛的旋律，結(jié)合下文的敘述，我身邊正好有鋼琴，我下了床，坐在鋼琴邊，譜出了曲子合乎邏輯，因此可知，此處表示我非常喜歡這個曲調(diào)。melody指的是曲調(diào)。故選C。（3）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)開篇所說，結(jié)合下面的舉例可推知，文章主要是在講夢想照進現(xiàn)實，夢在現(xiàn)實中成真了。因此推斷C項“好夢成真”為最佳標題。故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Google'snewcamera,calledClips,isasmartdevice.Itcomeswithacasethathasaclip(夾子),butit'snotdesignedtobewornonyourclothing.Mostinterestingly,itusesartificialintelligencetotakephotographyoutofyourhandsandcapturesmomentsentirelyonitsown!

Whatsetsthisroughly2-inchby2-inchcamera,withathree-hourbatterylifeandGorillaGlassfortoughnessapartisthatitisspeciallyintendedforcandidmoments,likewhenachilddoessomethingcutethatmayhappentooquicklyforyoutopulloutyoursmartphone.

TheClipsdevice,itusesmachinelearningalgorithms(計算程序)tohelpcapturescenes.Thosealgorithmsincludefacerecognition."Onceitlearnsthatthere'safaceyouseefrequently,it'lltrytogetnicephotosofthosefaces,"saidJustonPayne,thedevice'sproductmanager.Andtheyalsowantittorecognizefacialexpressions,whichinvolved"trainingittoknowwhathappinesslookslike".TheGoogleteamalsotrainedittorecognizewhatnottoshoot—likewhenachild'shandisoverthelens,orifitistossedinadarkpurse.

Theonlywaytoseetheimagesisbyconnectingthecamerawithyourphone,asithasnoscreenforviewingorediting.

Concerneditcouldseemstrange?Yes,Payneadmitted,buthesaidtheyaddressedthatbymakingitobviouswhatitis.Agreenlightonthefrontsignalsthatitison.Besides,unlikeacamerameanttomonitoryourhome,itisnotconnectedtotheInternet.

"Thisproductisonlypossiblebecauseofthewaythatsilicon(硅)hasadvanced,"Paynesaidthatnowtheycouldsqueezethetechnologydownintoadevicethissize.Goingforward,we'relikelytogetmoreassistancefromtheartificialintelligencepackedintoourappsandgadgets.（1）WhatisthemostoutstandingfeatureofClips?A.ItenableseasyInternetaccess.B.Itisequippedwithtoughglass.C.Itcanbewornonyourclothing.D.Itallowsofhands-freephotography.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"candid"inParagraph2mean?A.Awkward.B.Brief.C.Touching.D.Unforgettable.（3）WhatmakesClipsarealityaccordingtoJustonPayne?A.Theadvanceintechnology.B.ThepopularityoftheInternet.C.Thescreenforviewingandediting.D.Theriseofthesmartphoneindustry.（4）Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Newgadgetsintheageofapps.B.ArtificialintelligenceindailyLife.C.AnewdigitalcamerafromGoogle.D.Analternativewaytophotograph.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了谷歌公司推出了一款叫Clips的新相機，并對照相機的各種功能和使用進行了介紹。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Mostinterestingly,itusesartificialintelligencetotakephotographyoutofyourhandssoitcancapturemomentsonitsown”可知，谷歌開發(fā)的這款相機使用人工智能來拍照，不需要你動手按鍵，它就可以幫助你記錄美好的精彩瞬間。故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段中的“l(fā)ikewhenachilddoessomethingcutethatmayhappentooquicklyforyoutopulloutyoursmartphone.”比如孩子做了一些可愛的事情，你可能來不及拿出智能手機。可知，畫線句表示：這款相機能解決手機不能及時抓拍小孩子所做的短暫又可愛的事。candidmoments意為“短暫”的時刻。故選B。（3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段“‘Thisproductisonlypossiblebecauseofthewaythatsiliconhasadvanced,’Paynesaid,notingthatitwasonlyinthepastyearorsothattheycouldsqueezethetechnologydownintoadevicethissize.Goingforward,we'relikelytogetmoreassistancefromtheartificialintelligencepackedintoourappsandgadgets”可知，這款相機依靠先進的科技和人工智能等使得它成為了可能，成為了可以幫助人們記錄美好瞬間的工具。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Google'snewcamera,calledClips,isasmall,smartdevice.”可知，本文主要講述了谷歌開發(fā)的一款新的照相機，并對照相機的各種功能和使用進行了介紹。故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Imaginewakinguponedayandfindingthatyourbeautifullocalbeachisnomore—gone,itsfinewhitesandsweptawaybyanabnormalstorm.Yougoaboutyourdailybusinessfor12longyearsandthensuddenlythebeachisback,allitsgloryrestoredbyanotherstorm.ThisiswhathappenedontheislandofAchill,offthecoastofIreland,wherepeoplearecelebratingthereturnofthebeautifulAshleamBaybeachthatwastakenfromthemin2005.

Thatinitselfisunusualenough,butthestorygetsevenbetter!Yousee,anotherbeachinAchilldidadisappearingactonce,buttookmuchlongertoreturn.ThebeachatDoonagh,locatedonlysixmilesawayfromAshleamBay,wasrestoredearlierin2016afterwavescreatedbyspringstormshadsweptawayallthesandin1984,leavingjustrockpoolsbehind.

ThereislocallegendthatstretchesbackhundredsofyearsthatsaysthisbeachatAshlcamBayreturnsforashorteverysevenyearsthendisappearsagain.Butthistimearoundittookabitlongerthanthat.Itwaslastseenin2005anditstayedforafewmonthsatthattimebeforeitwaswashedawayagain.

Asyoucanimagine,everyoneontheislandofAchillisthrilledtohavetheirsandybeachback,andeventhoughnooneknowshowlongit'sgoingtobearoundfor,theyaremakingthemostofthetimethey'vegotbeforeitdisappearsagain.

Somemaybequicktobelieveclimatechangescausethephenomenon,butthat'snotthereasonthesetwobeachesinAchillkeepdisappearing,DrKevinLynch,ageographeratNUTGalway,saysthattheseoccurrencesaretheresultofhydrodynamics(流體力學)andsediment(沉積物)supply,ratherthanclimatechanges.

Regardlessofwhat'scausingthem,disappearingandreappearingbeachesarejustpartofwhatmakesnaturesofascinating.（1）Whatispeople'sreactiontothereturnoftheAshleamBaybeach?A.

Fulloffear.

B.

Quitedelighted.

C.

Verydisappointed.

D.

Extremelyconfused.（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutthebeachatDoonagh?A.

ItisnotlocatedinIreland.

B.

Itdisappeared12yearsago.C.

Itoncedisappearedformorethan30years.

D.

Itisjustmadeupofrocksandpools.（3）Accordingtothelocallegend,whenshouldtheAshleamBaybeachhavecomeback?A.

In1982.

B.

In2012.

C.

In2016.

D.

In2018.（4）WhatdoesDrKevinLynchthinkofthephenomenon?A.

Someabnormalstormsleadtoocean'senlargement,

B.

Itishardtouncoverthemysteryofbeach'sdisappearing.C.

Climatechangescanresultinbeachesdisappearingcompletely.

D.

Hydrodynamicsandsedimentsupplycausetwobeachestodisappear.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，愛爾蘭西北部的一個海灘不易而飛，但過一段時間它又回來了。傳言阿什拉姆灣的海灘每七年返回一次，然后又消失。有些人可能認為氣候變化會導(dǎo)致這種現(xiàn)象，但地理學家凱文·林奇博士認為Achill這兩個海灘不斷消失的原因是流體力學和沉積物供應(yīng)共同作用的結(jié)果。而不是氣候變化的原因。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的”offthecoastofIreland,wherepeoplearecelebratingthereturnofthebeautifulAshleamBaybeachthatwastakenfromthemin2005.”及第四段中的“Asyoucanimagine,everyoneontheislandofAchillisthrilledtohavetheirsandybeachback,”。可知，人們對于海灘的回歸是非常興奮的。故選B。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“ThebeachatDoonagh,locatedonlysixmilesawayfromAshleamBay,wasrestoredearlierin2016afterwavescreatedbyspringstormshadsweptawayallthesandin1984,leavingjustrockpoolsbehind,”可知，Doonagh海灘于1984年被春天的風暴席卷了所有的沙子只留下巖石池，在2016年初恢復(fù)了。由此可推斷出Doonagh在消失了32年后又恢復(fù)了。故選C。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“thebeautifulAshleamBaybeachthatwastakenfromthemin2005.”可知，AshleamBay是在2005年消失的。第三段中的“ThereislocallegendthatstretchesbackhundredsofyearsthatsaysthisbeachatAshlcamBayreturnsforashorteverysevenyearsthendisappearsagain.”當?shù)胤絺髡f。說阿什卡姆灣的海灘每七年恢復(fù)一次，然后又消失。也就是2005+7=2012年回歸，故選B。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“DrKevinLynch,ageographeratNUTGalway,saysthattheseoccurrencesaretheresultofhydrodynamics(流體力學)andsediment(沉積物)supply,ratherthanclimatechanges.”可知，這種現(xiàn)象是流體力學和沉積物供應(yīng)共同作用的結(jié)果。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇新聞報道，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Onedayaveryskilledartistmetabeautifulwomanwhoimmediatelybecametheobjectofhisaffections.Asheobservedherandspokewithher,headmiredhermoreandmore.Heshoweredherwithkindnessandwordsofpraiseuntilsheconsentedtobehiswife.

Notlongaftertheyweremarried,however,thebeautifulwomanfoundoutthatshewasmoretheobjectofhisartisticinterestthanofhisaffections.Whenheadmiredherclassicbeauty,itwasasthoughhewerestandinginfrontofaworkofartratherthaninfrontofahumanbeingtowhomhehadpledgedhisloveandpromisedhislife.Andsoonheexpressedhisgreatdesiretoputherrarebeautyoncanvas.

“Pleasesitformeintheworkroom,”hepleaded,“andIwillmakeyourbeautypermanent.Theworkwillbemymasterpiece!”

Shewashumbleandpatientaswellasflatteredbyhiswords,soshesaid,“Yes,mylove.Iwillbehappytositforyou.”Sothebeautiful,youngwifeoftheartistsatmeeklyforhoursinhisstudio,notcomplaining.Dayafterdayshesatpatiently,smilingassheposed,becauseshelovedhimandbecauseshehopedthathewouldseeherloveinhersmileandobedience.Shesometimeswantedtocallouttohim,“Pleaselovemeandwantmeasapersonratherthanasanobject!”Butinstead,shespokenothingbutwordswhichpleasedhim.

Atlength,asthelabordrewtoclose,thepainterbecamewilderinhispassionforhiswork.Heonlyrarelyturnedhiseyesfromthecanvastolookathiswife.Ashestoodtheregazingathisbeautifulworkofart,hecriedwithaloudvoice,“Thisisindeedlifeitself!”Thenheturnedtohisbelovedandsawthatshewasdead!（1）Inwhatwaydidtheartistexpresshisappreciationofhiswife'srarebeauty?A.

Heputherclassicbeautyoncanvas.

B.

Hepromisedtomarryher.C.

Hecenteredhisdeepaffectiononher.

D.

Hepledgedhisloveandpromisedhislifetoher.（2）Whatcanbeinferredfromthestory?A.

Theartistlovedhisworkmorethanhiswife.

B.

Theartistdidn'treallyunderstandwhatisbeauty.C.

Thewifewasfooledtosacrificeforhisartcreation.

D.

Thewifelovedhispaintingmorethanherself.（3）Whatdidtheartistmeanbysaying“Thisisindeedlifeitself!”？A.

Heappreciatedhislifeofpainting.

B.

Hewasgratefultohiswife.C.

Hisworkwasmoretruetolifethanlifeitself.

D.

Hiseffortwasreallyworthit.（4）Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.

AWell-matchedCouple

B.

ADevotedArtistC.

ARareMasterpiece

D.

AStupidWife【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，有一位技藝超群的畫家遇到一位美麗的女士，頓生愛意。他關(guān)懷備至，贊不絕口，終于使她答應(yīng)嫁給他，婚后不久這位美女就發(fā)現(xiàn)，丈夫?qū)λ绱烁信d趣卻并非愛她，而是欣賞藝術(shù)。畫家是一位充滿激情、既狂熱又郁郁寡歡的人。他完全沉浸在繪畫中的時候便只看見想看見的東西。他沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管她微笑著，她的身體卻在衰弱下去，內(nèi)心并不快活。終于這幅畫完成時，他卻發(fā)現(xiàn)妻子死了。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Andsoonheexpressedhisgreatdesiretoputherrarebeautyoncanvas.”可知過不久他就強烈表示要把她曠古稀世的美畫出來。他想把妻子的倩影畫在畫布上永遠留在人間，故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whenheadmiredherclassicbeauty,itwasasthoughhewerestandinginfrontofaworkofartratherthaninfrontofahumanbeingtowhomhehadpledgedhisloveandpromisedhislife.”可知他稱贊她身上的古典美，就好像是站在一件藝術(shù)品前欣賞，而不是把她當做活生生的人，當做他發(fā)誓要終生相愛的愛人。故選A。（3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ashestoodtheregazingathisbeautifulworkofart,hecriedwithaloudvoice,‘Thisisindeedlifeitself!’”。他站在那兒凝視自己創(chuàng)作的藝術(shù)珍品，不僅高聲喊道：“真的，生命就在這兒！可以推斷出這位畫家善于運用色彩，他畫什么像什么，甚至超過原樣，好像他能在畫布上展示生命。故選C。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)全文大意。得知本文講述了一位技藝超群的畫家完全沉浸在繪畫中的時候只看見想看見的東西。他完全忽視妻子的感受和變化。故選B。【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷，詞義猜測和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Feelingsoftenrunhighwhereinsectsareconcerned,withmanypeopleevensickwhenseeingthem,letalonetouchorswallowthem.Andyetinsectspresentahugenutritionalopportunityasanincreasingglobalpopulationseeksmoresourcesoffoodandfeed.

Insectshavegenerallyhighlevelsofanimalproteinandkeymicronutrientswithlowerenvironmentalfootprintsthantraditionalalternatives,andtheycanberaisedonleftovers.Butcultural,socialandeconomicproblemsremain,reportsanarticlepublishedtodayinNutritionBulletin.

“Insectspresentanutritionalopportunity,butitisunclearhowtheirnutritionalqualityisinfluencedbywhattheyarefed,”saysDarjaDobermann,aresearcherattheUniversityofNottingham.“Inidealconditions,insectshaveasmallerenvironmentalimpactthanmosttraditionalwesternformsofanimalprotein;lessknownishowtoraiseinsectproductionwhilemaintainingtheseenvironmentalbenefits.”

“Studiesoverallshowthatinsectscouldmakevaluableeconomicandnutritionalcontributionstothefoodorfedsystems,buttherearenoclearregulationsinplacetobringinsectsintosuchsupplysystemswithoutthemturningintoamoreexpensiveversionofpoultry（家禽）forfood,”saysDobermann.

Thearticlehighlightshowinsectshavebeenasourceoffoodforhundredsofyearsinmorethan100countrieswithover2,000speciesthatcanbeeaten;incentralAfrica,upto50%ofdietaryproteinhascomefrominsects,withtheirmarketvaluehigherthanmanyalternativesourcesofanimalprotein.

Insectsneedtobelargeenoughtomaketheeffortofcatchingthemworthwhileandeasytolocate,preferablyinpredictablylargequantities.Theyareconsumedatvariouslifestages,asraw,fried,boiled,roastedorgroundfood.（1）Whichofthefollowingistheadvantageofraisinginsectsforfood?A.

Itwillofferpeopleworkopportunities.

B.

Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.C.

Itwillreplacetraditionalfood.

D.

Itwillresultinlessleftovers（2）WhatcanbeinferredfromDobermann'swords?A.

Raisinginsectsforfoodhasbecomepopular.

B.

Raisinginsectscan'tsolvefoodproblems.C.

Moreshouldbedonetoraiseinsectsforfood.

D.

Moremoneycanbemadebyraisinginsects.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph4standfor?A.

Insects

B.

Regulations

C.

Feedsystems

D.

Supplysystems（4）Whichisthepossibletitleofthispassage?A.

HowtoRaiseInsects

B.

RaisingInsectsforMoneyC.

InsectsSeemNoLongerUgly

D.

ANewSourceofFood【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一種新的食物來源——昆蟲提供了巨大的營養(yǎng)機會。(1)考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Insectshavegenerallyhighlevelsofanimalproteinandkeymicronutrientswithlowerenvironmentalfootprintsthantraditionalalternatives,andtheycanberaisedonleftovers.”可知，飼養(yǎng)昆蟲為食物是環(huán)保的。故選B。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Studiesoverallshowthatinsectscouldmakevaluableeconomicandnutritionalcontributionstothefoodorfedsystems,buttherearenoclearregulationsinplacetobringinsectsintosuchsupplysystemswithoutthemturningintoamoreexpensiveversionofpoultry（家禽）forfood,”研究表明，昆蟲可以為食物或食物系統(tǒng)做出有價值的經(jīng)濟和營養(yǎng)貢獻，但目前還沒有明確的規(guī)定，可以將昆蟲帶入這樣的供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)，而不讓它們變成更昂貴的家禽飼料?！笨芍瑥腄obermann的話可推知應(yīng)該做更多的工作來飼養(yǎng)昆蟲。故選C。(3)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中的“Studiesoverallshowthatinsectscouldmakevaluableeconomicandnutritionalcontributionstothefoodorfedsystems,buttherearenoclearregulationsinplacetobringinsectsintosuchsupplysystemswithoutthemturningintoamoreexpensiveversionofpoultry（家禽）forfood,”“研究表明，昆蟲可以為食物或食物系統(tǒng)做出有價值的經(jīng)濟和營養(yǎng)貢獻，但目前還沒有明確的規(guī)定，可以將昆蟲帶入這樣的供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)，而不讓它們變成更昂貴的家禽飼料。”由此推知，此處的them指的是insects，故選A。(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Andyetinsectspresentahugenutritionalopportunityasanincreasingglobalpopulationseeksmoresourcesoffoodandfeed.”可知，本文講述的是一種新的食物來源。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇生活類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Eighty-five-yearoldChinesepharmacologist(藥理學家)TuYouyoubecameChina'sfirstwinneroftheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewhenitwasannouncedthatshewasoneofthreescientistsawardedthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinefortheirworkindevelopingeffectivedrugsagainstparasticdiseases.

Tuwashonoredfordevelopingartemisin（青蒿素）,adrugformalariathathassavedmillionsoflivesacrosstheglobe,especiallyinthedevelopingworld,theNobelAssemblyatkarolinskaInstituedisclosedonitswebsiteonMonday.Tu,aChinesetrainedpharmacologistandaresearcherattheChinaAcademyofChineseMedicalSciencesinBeijing,wenttoStockholm,SwedeninDecembertoreceiveheraward,accordingtoCaoHongxin,thescienceandtechnologydepartmentheadoftheStateAdministrationofTraditionalChineseMedicine.

"Shewascalmandsaidshehasreceivedlotsofcongratulatorycalls."CaotoldChinaDailyonMondayafterhetelephonedTutocongratulateher."It'sanoverdue（遲來的）honorforTuandtheworld'srecognitionoftraditionalChinesemedicine,"hesaid.

"Tu'sbreakthroughinwinningtheNobelPrizeinanaturalscienceistheprideofthewholenationandthewholeChinesescientificcommunity,"saidZhouDejin,spokesmanoftheChineseAcademyofScience,China'snationalresearchbodythatconsistsofmorethanonehundredresearchinsistutes,universitiesandresearchbranches,

"Theachievementofdiscoveringartemisininwasmadeinthe1970s,butitonlyreceivedinternationalrecognitioninlateryears,whichsuggeststhatwemighthavemoreachievementsthathavereachedtheNobelPrizelevelbuthavenotbeenrecognized."Zhousaid.（1）WhywasTuYouyouawardedtheNobelPrize?A.

ShemadeabreakthroughintheChinesescientificcommunity

B.

ShecameupwitharevolutionarytheoryaboutmedicineC.

Shedevotedherwholelifetomedicineresearch

D.

Shedevelopedaveryeffectivedruginthe1970s（2）WhatdoweknowaboutTuYouyou?A.

ShesecretlyacceptedtheNobelPrizebyherself

B.

She'sthesecondChinesetowinthe2015NobelPrizeC.

ShehasanordinaryheartthoughwinningtheNobelPrize

D.

Shewonthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewiththreescientists（3）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.

ChinalackstalentedscientistslikeTuYouyou.

B.

Tu'sachievementwasrecognizedbytheworldalongtimeago.C.

ChinesescientistsshouldworkhardertowinmoreNobelPrizes.

D.

MoreChinesescientificachievementsshouldbeacknowledged.（4）Whattypeofwritingdoesthispassagebelongto?A.

Ascientificreport

B.

AnofficialdocumentC.

Anewsreport

D.

Amedicalrecord【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物傳記，講述了諾貝爾獎得主屠呦呦，她致力于中醫(yī)藥研究，開發(fā)出了很多有效的藥物。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Tuwashonoredfordevelopingartemisin（青蒿素）,adrugformalariathathassavedmillionsoflivesacrosstheglobe,especiallyinthedevelopingworld”可知，屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾獎是因為她在20世紀70年代發(fā)明了一種非常有效的藥物。故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"Shewascalmandsaidshehasreceivedlotsofcongratulatorycalls."可知，盡管獲得了諾貝爾獎，她還是有一顆普通的心。故選C。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"‘Theachievementofdiscoveringartemisininwasmadeinthe1970s,butitonlyreceivedinternationalrecognition

inlateryears,whichsuggeststhatwemighthavemoreachievementsthathavereachedtheNobelPrizelevelbuthavenotbeenrecognized.’Zhousaid.”可知，建議更多的中國科學成就應(yīng)該得到承認。故選D。（4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文，根據(jù)第四段中的"Tu'sbreakthroughinwinningtheNobelPrizeinanaturalscienceistheprideofthewholenationandthewholeChinesescientificcommunity,"可知，這是一項醫(yī)學紀錄。故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇人物類閱讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Weighingtoomuchcandamageyourhealth,andobesityisagrowingproblemforbothkidsandadultsaroundtheworld.Sleepmightbeoneanswertotheproblem.Anewstudyhasfoundthatelementaryschoo