2023年上海高考英語(yǔ)試卷含答案

2023年上海高考英語(yǔ)試題解析

考生注意：

1.考試時(shí)間120分鐘，試卷總分值150分.

2.本考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩局部.試卷分為第I卷（第1—12頁(yè)）和第n卷（第13頁(yè)），全卷共13頁(yè).所3.

有答題必須涂（選擇題）或?qū)懀ǚ沁x擇題）在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分.

4.答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)和姓名，并將核對(duì)后的條形碼貼在指定位置上,在答題紙反而清楚地

填寫姓名.

第I卷（共103分）

LListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonly

once.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,and

decidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

l.A.Itissatisfactory.

B.Itisluxurious.

C.Itisold-fashioned.

D.Itisdisappointing.

2.A.OnAugust5th.B.OnAugust6th.C.OnAugust7th.D.OnAugust8th.

3.A.Awaiter.

B.Abutcher.

C.Aporter.

D.Afarmer.

4.A.Inatheatre.B.Inalibrary.

C.Inabookingoffice.

D.Inafurniturestore.

5.A.Sheexpectedtoabettershow.

B.Shecouldhardlyfindherseat.

C.Shewasn'tinterestedintheshow.

D.Shedidn'tgetafavourableseat.

6.A.Thewomanofteneatsoutforbreakfast.

B.Thecafeteriaservesgoodbreakfast.

C.Thewomandoesn'thavebreakfast.

D.Thecafeteriadoesn'tservebreakfast.

7.A.Sellingcucumbers.B.Plantingvegetables.C.Cookingameal.D.Pickingtomatoes.

8.A.Themanshouldworkhard.B.Themanshouldturndownthejoboffer.

C.Themanmayhaveanotherchance.D.Themancanapplyforthejobagain.

9.A.Itisahotandsmoggyday.B.ThereisatrafficjamonKingStreet.

C.Avehicleispollutingtheair.D.Themanisreadingareportonline.

lO.A.Itsendingisnotgoodenough.B.Itsspecialeffectsarenotsatisfying.

C.Itdeservesanaward.D.Itisgoodexceptforthescarypart.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthe

passages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,

readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyou

haveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

H.A.$1B.$2C$3D.$52

12.A.Paythebillsfirst.

B.Spend2%ofthesalaryonlivingexpenses.

C.Deposit$1000everymonth.

D.Putpartofthemoneyinasavingsaccount.

13.A.Methodsofsavingmoney.

B.Savingmoneyfbrfamilyemergencies.

C.Theimportanceofsavingmoney.

D.Secretsofspendingmoneywisely.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Freeeducation.

B.Asumofmoney.

C.Donationsfromalocalnewspaper.

D.Giftsfrommanypeople.

15.A.Letstudentsinbeforeschool.

B.Offericecreamandcoffee.

C.Introduceabankintothecampus.

D.Reducethetrafficjamsaround.

16.Altlackspositivenews.

B.Itshouldgrowintoabigcity.

C.Itisaplaceworthlivingin.

D.Itremainspeacefulandquiet.

SectionC

Directions:InsectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryou

heareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Write

youranswersonyouranswersheet.

Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

Completetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.

ClassDiary(June13-19)

BSUN

國(guó)MON17fbrafter-classactivityapplication

t5TUE

飾WEDHandinginthreestudent18

BasketballClubmeeting

15THU

Time:12:45—1:30pmPlace:The19

Fillinginaformwithup-to-datepersonaldata

t8FRI

Time:20breakPlace:Thecomputerroom

t9SAT

Blank21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.

WhoisSueWalter?Sheis21incourtandawriter.

WhatisSue'ssuggestionforpeoplewithdifficulties?22

InSue'seyes,whatisthebestpartaboutherjob?23indecision-making.

WhatdoesSuethinkhappinessis?24

ILGrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperform.ofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

(A)

BagsofLove

Lastyear,Iwasassignedtoworkatanofficenearmymother'shouse,soIstayedwithherforamonth.Duringthat

time,Ihelpedoutwiththehouseworkandcontributedtothegroceries.Afterlessthanaweek,Istartednoticingthat

thegrocerieswererunningoutprettyquickly—wewerealwayssuddenlyoutofsomething.(25)—(wonder)how

mymumcouldconsumethemsoquickly,Ibeganobservingherdailyroutinefortwoweeks.Tomysurprise,I

foundthatshewouldpackapaperbagfullofcannedgoodsandheadouteverymorningataboutnine.Eventually,I

decidedtofollowherand(26)—happenedtrulyamazedme.Shewastakingthefoodtotherefugeecamp,in(27)_

shedistributedittochildren.

Iaskedaroundandfoundoutthatmymumwasverywellknowninthearea.Thekidswereveryfriendlywithher

andevenlookeduptoherasifsheweretheirownmother.Thenithitme——whywouldshenotwanttotellme

aboutwhatshe(28)_(do)?WassheworriedabouthowIwouldreactorthatIwouldstop(29)_(buy)thegroceries

ifIfoundout?

Whenshegothome,Itoldheraboutmydiscovery.(30)___shecouldreact,Igaveherabighugandtoldhershe

didn'tneedtokeepitasecret(31)___me.Shetoldmethatsomeofthechildrenlivedwithanolderladyinashelter

whileotherssleptonthestreets.Foryears,mymumhasbeenhelpingoutbygivingthemwhateverfoodshecould

spare.Iwassoimpressedby(32)___selflessshewas.

【答案】

25.Wondering26.what27.which28.haddone29.buying30.Before3l.from32.how

【解析】

試題分析：本文屬于記敘文，我在無(wú)意中發(fā)現(xiàn)媽媽偷偷地幫助難民，贊美了媽媽善良無(wú)私的美麗品質(zhì).

25.Wondering考查現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ).動(dòng)詞wonder與本句主語(yǔ)I構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞wondering

在句中做狀語(yǔ).

26.what考查主語(yǔ)從句.本句中連接代詞what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句whathappened,并在句中做主語(yǔ).句意：發(fā)生的事

情真得讓我很驚訝.

27.which考查定語(yǔ)從句.此題定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是therefugeecamp,關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句

中作為介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，inwhich相當(dāng)于關(guān)系副詞where.

28.haddone考查時(shí)態(tài),根據(jù)上下文可知本文介紹的是我被派到媽媽家附近工作，這是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，而媽

媽幫助難民是在我來(lái)這里工作之前就發(fā)生的事情，所以應(yīng)該使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情.

29.buying考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).短語(yǔ)stoptodosth停下了做另外一件事情；stopdoingsth停止做某事；句意：媽

媽是擔(dān)憂如果我發(fā)現(xiàn)了這件事情我的反應(yīng)還是擔(dān)憂我不再給她買食品雜貨嗎？根據(jù)句意可知使用stopdoing

sth.

3Q.Before考查連詞.連詞快foru引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，在句中有多種翻度方法，本句意為“還沒(méi)來(lái)得及…

就…”，句意：她還沒(méi)有來(lái)得及反應(yīng)過(guò)來(lái)，我就緊緊地抱著她并告訴她這件事情不必時(shí)我保密.

31.from考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ).短語(yǔ)kepsecretst。sb對(duì)某人保密；句意：她還沒(méi)有來(lái)寫及反應(yīng)過(guò)來(lái)，我就緊緊地

抱著她并告訴她這件事情不必對(duì)我保密.

32.how考查賓語(yǔ)從句.本句中表語(yǔ)從句howse：f*e$sshewas作為介詞by的賓語(yǔ)，因?yàn)閟eifiess是形容詞，

所以使用ho，」.?來(lái)引導(dǎo)這個(gè)從句，用法和感嘆句類似.

考點(diǎn)：考查語(yǔ)法填空

(B)

Stress:GoodorBad?

Stressusedtobeanalmostunknownword,butnowthatweareusedtotalkingaboutit,Ihavefoundthatpeople

arebeginningtogetstressedaboutbeingstressed.

Inrecentyears,stress(33)(regard)asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems,fromhighbloodpressure

tomentalillness.Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress(34)—doesyouharm.Itistimeyou

consideredthatiftherewerenostressinyourlife,youwouldachievealittle.Ifyouarestuckathomewithnostress,

thenyourlevelofperformancewillbelow.Uptoacertainpoint,themorestressyouareunder,the(35)—(good)

yourperformancewillbe.Beyondacertainpoint,though,furtherstresswillonlyleadtoexhaustion,illnessand

finallyabreakdown.Youcantellwhenyouareoverthetopandonthedownwardslope,byaskingyourself

(36)numberofquestions.Doyou,forinstance,feelthattoomuchisbeingexpectedof(37)___,andyetfindit

impossibletosayno?Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientor(38)(annoy)withpeopleoverunimportant

things?...Iftheanswertoallthosequestionsisyes,youhadbetter(39)(control)yourstress,asyouprobably

areundermorestressthanisgoodforyou.

Tosomeextentyoucancontroltheamountofstressinyourlife.Doctorshaveworkedoutachartshowinghow

muchstressisinvolvedinvariousevents.Gettingmarriedis50,pregnancy40,movinghouse20,Christmas

12,etc.Ifthetotalstressinyourlifeisover150,youaretwiceaslikely(40)_(get)ill.

【答案】

33.hasbeenregarded34.that35.better36.a7.you38.annoyed39.control40.toget

【解析】

試題分析：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，壓力成為了我們生活中常見(jiàn)的一個(gè)詞匯.文章告訴我們一定范圍之內(nèi)的壓力

能促進(jìn)我們的工作，但一旦壓力過(guò)大，就會(huì)給我們的生活帶來(lái)很多負(fù)面的影響.

33.hasbeenregarded考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài).本句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是inrecentyears最近幾年以來(lái)，該時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)通常和現(xiàn)在

完成時(shí)連用，且句子主語(yǔ)stress與動(dòng)詞regard構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式hasbeen

regarded.

34.that考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的根本結(jié)構(gòu)為Itis/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分that/who其它成分；其最大的特點(diǎn)就是去

掉itis/was…that/who…句子仍然成立.要注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句型能強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以為的所有的句子成分.本句強(qiáng)調(diào)的

是句子主語(yǔ)onlytoomuchstress.

35.better考查固定句式“The+比較級(jí)..…,the+比較級(jí)〃意為“越….就越…〃.本句句意：你承受的壓力越大，

你的表現(xiàn)就會(huì)越好,所以本空使用good的比較級(jí)形式better.

36.a考查固定短語(yǔ).短語(yǔ)anumberof許多，大量；該形容詞短語(yǔ)通常做定語(yǔ)修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，本句中

使用anumberof修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式questions.

37.you考查上下文串聯(lián),句意：例如，你是否感覺(jué)到對(duì)你期待得太多了？本句的主語(yǔ)是you,所以仍然使用

賓格you作為介詞of的賓語(yǔ).

38.annoyed考查形容詞.形容詞annoyed惱怒的，該詞是由過(guò)去分詞轉(zhuǎn)換而來(lái)的形容詞，通常修飾人.本句中

該詞和impatient構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系一起和系動(dòng)詞get構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu).

39.control考查固定搭配.動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)hadbetterdosth最好做某事；“hadbetter"是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后面要接動(dòng)詞原

形

40.toget考查形容詞短語(yǔ).短語(yǔ)belikelytodosth可能做某事；句意：如果你生活中的壓力超過(guò)150,你就非

常有可能生病了.

考點(diǎn)：考查語(yǔ)法填空

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.accountB.adjustableC.appliancesD.captureE.decorationsF.direct

GexperimentH.intendedLoperatedJ.soullessK.squeeze

GoldenRulesofGoodDesign

Whatmakesgooddesign?Overtheyears,designersandartistshavebeentryingto41theessentialsofgood

design.Theyhavefoundthatsomesayingscanhelppeopleunderstandtheideasofgooddesign.Therearefouras

follows.

Lessismore.ThissayingisassociatedwiththeGerman-bornarchitectMiesvanderRohe.InhisModernistview,

beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance,andtheaimofthedesigneristocreatesolutionstoproblemsthroughthe

mostefficientmeans.Designshouldavoidunnecessary42Moreisnotabore.TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobert

Venturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,theresultis43design.Post-Modernistdesignersbeganto44with

decorationandcoloragain.Productdesignwasheavilyinfluencedbythisviewandcanbeseeninkitchen45such

asovensandkettles.

Fitnessforpurpose.Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproducfsfunction,purpose,shape,fonn,

color,andsoon.Themostimportantresultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatis46.Forexample,thinkofa(n)

47desklamp.ltneedstobeconstructedfrommaterialsthatwillstandtheheatofthelampandregularadjustments

bytheuser.ltalsoneedstobestable.Mostimportantly,itneedsto48lightwhereitisneeded.

Fromfollowsemotion.ThisphraseisassociatedwiththeGermandesignerHartmutEsslinger.Hebelievesdesign

musttakeinto49thesensorysideofournature-sight,smell,touchandtaste.Theseareasimportantas

rational(理性的).Whenchoosingeverydayproductssuchastoothpaste,weappreciateacool-lookingdevicethat

allowsustoeasily50thetoothpasteontoourbrush.

【答案】

41.

【解析】

試題分析：本文屬于說(shuō)明文，告訴我們好的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)包括四個(gè)黃金定律：簡(jiǎn)約、功能以及情感等等.

41.D動(dòng)詞capture獲得；捕獲；本句中該詞構(gòu)成的不定式短語(yǔ)“tocapture..…〃作為動(dòng)詞try的賓語(yǔ).句意：多

年以來(lái)，設(shè)計(jì)師和藝術(shù)家一直都在努力搞清楚好的設(shè)計(jì)的本質(zhì).

42.E名詞decorations裝飾，該詞在句中作為動(dòng)詞avoid的賓語(yǔ).本段的主題是“Lessismore"倡導(dǎo)裝修設(shè)計(jì)

的簡(jiǎn)單化.句意：設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)該防止不必要的裝飾物.

43.J形容詞soulless沒(méi)有靈魂的；該詞在本句中做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞design.根據(jù)前半句^TheAmerican-born

architectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly...”可知美國(guó)建筑家RobertVenturi總結(jié)過(guò)，如

果簡(jiǎn)約沒(méi)有做好，那么這樣的設(shè)計(jì)就是沒(méi)有靈魂的；

44.G動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)experimentwith試用，用…做實(shí)驗(yàn)；句意：后現(xiàn)代主義設(shè)計(jì)師們?cè)僖淮伍_(kāi)始試驗(yàn)裝飾和顏色.

45.C名詞叩pliance電器，電器工具；該詞可由后面列舉的例子“ovensandkellies烤箱和水壺〃推理，指廚

房電器等物品.

46.H形容詞intended預(yù)期的；本句中該詞和系動(dòng)詞is構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu).句意：對(duì)用戶來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的是產(chǎn)品到達(dá)

了預(yù)期的效果.

考點(diǎn)：考查選詞填空

IILReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillin

eachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Inthe1960s,DouglasMcGregor,oneofthekeythinkersintheartofmanagement,developedthemowfamous

TheoryXandTheoryY.TheoryXistheideathatpeopleinstinctively51workandwilldoanythingtoavoid

it.TheoryYistheviewthateveryonehasthepotentialtofindsatisfactioninwork.Inanycase,despitesomuch

evidencetothe52,manymanagersstillagreetoTheoryX.Theybelieve,53,thattheiremployeesneed

constantsupervisioniftheyaretoworkeffectively,orthatdecisionsmustbeimposedfrom54without

consultation.This,ofcourse,makesforauthoritarian（專制的）managers.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysof

55people.Unlikeauthoritarianmanagement,somecultures,particularlyinAsia,arewellknownfortheconsultative

natureofdecision-making—allmembersofthedepartmentorworkgroupareaskedto56tothisprocess.Thisis

managementbythecollectiveopinion.ManywesterncompanieshavetriedtoimitatesuchAsianwaysofdoing

things,whicharebasedongeneral57.Someexpertssaythatwomenwillbecomemoreeffectivemanagersthan

menbecausetheyhavethepowertoreachcommongoalsinawaythattraditional58managerscannot.

Arecenttrendhasbeentoencourageemployeestousetheirowninitiative,tomakedecisionsontheirown

without59managersfirst.Thisempowerment（授權(quán)）hasbeenpartofthetrendtowardsdownsizing:60the

numberofmanagementlayersincompanies.Afterde-layeringinthisway,acompanymaybe61withjustatop

levelofseniormanagers,front-linemanagersandemployeeswithdirectcontactwiththepublic.Empowerment

takestheideaofdelegation倭托）muchfurtherthanhas62beenthecase.Empowermentanddelegationmean

newformsofmanagementcontrolto63thattheoverallbusinessplanisbeingfollowed,andthatoperations

becomemoreprofitableundertheneworganization,ratherthanless.

Anothertrendisoff-siteor64management,whereteamsofpeoplelinkedbye-mailandtheInternetworkon

projectsfromtheirownhouses.Projectmanagersevaluatethe65oftheteammembersintermsofwhatthey

produceforprojects,ratherthantheamountoftimetheyspendonthem.

51.A.desireB.seekC.loseD.dislike

52.A.contraryB.expectationC.degreeD.extreme

53.A.viceversaB.forexampleC.howeverD.otherwise

54.A.outsideB.insideC.belowD.above

55.A.replacingB.assessingC.managingD.encouraging

56.A.referB.contributeC.objectD.apply

57.A.agreementB.practiceC.electionD.impression

58.A.bossyB.experiencedC.westernD.male

59.A.askingB.trainingC.wamingD.firing

60.A.doublingB.maintainingC.reducingD.estimating

61.A.honoredB.leftC.crowdedDpared

62.A.economicallyB.traditionallyC.inadequatelyD.occasionally

63.A.denyB.admitC.assumeD.ensure

64.A.virtualB.ineffectiveC.day-to-dayD.on-the-scene

65.A.opinionB.riskC.performanceD.attractiveness

【答案】51.D52.A53.B54.D55.C56.B57.A58.D59.A60.C61.B62.B63.D64.A65.C

【解析】

試題分析：本文是說(shuō)明文，作者在第一段中提出道格拉斯?麥克雷戈所提出的人性假設(shè)理論中的X理論和Y

理論，并介紹了現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中一種新型管理理論：授權(quán)管理及其作用.

51.D考查上下文串聯(lián).根據(jù)后半句”....willdoanythingtoavoidit”可知很多人為了防止工作而愿意做任何事

情，說(shuō)明那些人大多數(shù)人生性都是懶惰的，都不愿意工作，他們盡可能地逃避工作.故D項(xiàng)正確.

52.A考查上下文串聯(lián).短語(yǔ)tothecontrary相反的；tothedegree在某種程度上；totheextreme走向極端；在

文章第一段中提到了X理論，大多數(shù)人都缺乏進(jìn)取心和責(zé)任心，不愿對(duì)人和事負(fù)責(zé)，沒(méi)有什么雄心壯志，

不喜歡負(fù)責(zé)任，寧可被領(lǐng)導(dǎo).而Y理論認(rèn)為大多數(shù)人愿意對(duì)工作、對(duì)他人負(fù)責(zé)，人們?cè)敢鈱?shí)行自我管理和自

我控制來(lái)完成應(yīng)當(dāng)完成的目標(biāo).這是兩種完全相反的理論，盡管對(duì)于這兩種完全相反的理論有很多的證據(jù)，

很多管理人仍然同意X理論.故A正確.

53.B考查上下文串聯(lián).本句中forexample表示舉例說(shuō)明；這些管理人仍然同意X理論，例如他們認(rèn)為如果

要員工效率高，就需要給與他們不斷的監(jiān)督.這屬于X理論的舉例說(shuō)明.故B正確.

54.D考查上下文串聯(lián).根據(jù)后句“...makesforauthoritarianmanagers....”可知這屬于專制的管理方法，他們的

決定是來(lái)自上而下的，沒(méi)有任何商量的余地.故D項(xiàng)“above上面的”正確.

55.C考查上下文串聯(lián).根據(jù)前段可知本文討論的管理學(xué)的理論，使用本句使用動(dòng)詞"manage管理"，不同的

文化中有不同的管理人的方法.而且和下文中亞洲、西方的管理方法形成照應(yīng).故C正確.

56.B考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析.短語(yǔ)referto提到，談到；contributeto做奉獻(xiàn)；導(dǎo)致；objectto反對(duì)；applyto適用

于；亞洲人使用的是協(xié)商式的管理方法，所有人都被要求對(duì)管理的過(guò)程做出自己的奉獻(xiàn).故B正確.

57.A考查上下文串聯(lián).名詞agreement同意；practice練習(xí)，做法；election選舉；impressionE|3象；亞洲人使

用協(xié)商式的管理方法，這種方法是建立在共同的協(xié)議根底之上的，西方人也想學(xué)習(xí)這樣的管理方法.故A正

確.

58.D考查上下文串聯(lián).根據(jù)前半句"....womenwillbecomemoreeffectivemanagersthanmen....”可知有些專家

認(rèn)為女性比男性管理更高效.因?yàn)榕愿杏H和力，比男性管理人更容易與別人達(dá)成一致的目標(biāo).故D正確.

59.A考查上下文串聯(lián).根據(jù)前句“…encourageemployeestousetheirowninitiative...鼓勵(lì)員工使用自己的首創(chuàng)

精神"，也就是說(shuō)在做出決定的時(shí)候不要請(qǐng)示上級(jí)經(jīng)理，自己做出決定即可.故A項(xiàng)正確.

60.C考查上下文串聯(lián).根據(jù)前句"thetrendtowardsdownsizing縮小規(guī)模的趨勢(shì)"，也就是要減少管理層的數(shù)

量，可以直接做出決定而不需要請(qǐng)示上級(jí).故動(dòng)詞“reduce減少"符合上下文串聯(lián).

61.B考查短語(yǔ)辨析辨析.動(dòng)詞behonoredwith被授予;beleftwith留下，剩下；becrowdedwith擠滿;be

comparedwith與..相比；通過(guò)這種方法，公司只剩下高層管理者和前線的與公眾直接聯(lián)系的一線管理人.省

略了很多中央環(huán)節(jié)，提高了管理的效益.故B正確.

62.B考查副詞辨析.副詞economically經(jīng)濟(jì)地；traditionally傳統(tǒng)地；inadequately不充分地；occasionally偶

爾地；根據(jù)后句**Empowermentanddelegationmeannewformsofmanagement..//可知授權(quán)管理是一個(gè)新型

的管理方法，與傳統(tǒng)的管理模式不一樣.故B正確.

63.D考查動(dòng)詞辨析.動(dòng)詞deny否認(rèn)；admit成認(rèn)；assume假定，設(shè)想；ensure保證，確保；授權(quán)管理是一

種新型的管理方法，省略了中央管理環(huán)節(jié)，保證了整個(gè)商業(yè)計(jì)劃被采用.根據(jù)句意可知D正確.

64A考查上下文串聯(lián).形容詞rtual慮擬的：mefTetnw低效的,daygday日常的；g血&皿現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的；

根據(jù)后句"whereteamsofpeoplelinkedbye-mailandtheInternetworkonprojectsfromtheirownhouses*可知

在這種新型的管理方法中，人們都是通過(guò)郵件和網(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)系,說(shuō)明這種一種新型通過(guò)虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行的管理方

法.故A正確.

65.C考查名詞辨析.名詞opm:on5?!點(diǎn)1csk皆險(xiǎn)：perfomiance表現(xiàn)；auractivm-魅力；根據(jù)后半句中"

mtermsofwhattheyproduceforprojects,ratherthantheamountoftimetheyspendonthem”可知我們?cè)u(píng)價(jià)員工

的表現(xiàn)是根據(jù)他們的產(chǎn)品而不是工作的時(shí)間.故C項(xiàng)正確.

考點(diǎn)：考查說(shuō)明文閱讀

SectionB

Direction：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished

sattments.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingto

theinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

Oneearlymorning,IwentintothelivingroomtofindmymotherreadingathickbookcalledBestLovedPoemsto

ReadAgainandAgain.Myinterestwasarousedonlybythefactthattheword“Poems”appearedinbig,hotpink

letters.

“Isitgood?”Iaskedher.

“Yeah,"sheanswered."ThereoneIreallylikeandyouUllikeit,too."Ileanedforward,"4PattyPoem,'"she

readthetitle.WhoisPatty?Iwondered.Thepoembegan:Sheneverputshertoysaway,Justleavesthemscattered?

wheretheylay,…①散舌L的Thepoemwasjustthreeshortsections.Thefinalonecamequickly:Whenshegrowsand

gatherspoise?,②穩(wěn)重I'llmissherharum-scarum③noise,③莽撞的Andlookinvain④forscatteredtoys?

徒勞地AndFilbesad.

Aterriblesorrowwashedoverme.WhoeverPattywas,shewasameangirLThen,theshock.

"It'syou,honey,“Mymothersaidsadly.

Tomymother,thepoemrevealedaparent'saffectionwhenherchildgrowsupandleaves.Tome,the“she〃inthe

poemwashorror.ltwasmymamawhowouldbesad.ItwassoterribleIburstoutcrying.

“What'swrong?”mymotherasked.

“OhMama,"Icried.441don'twanttogrowupever!”

Shesmiled."Honey,it'sokay.You'renotgrowingupanytimesoon.Andwhenyoudo,I'llstillloveyou,okay?”

“Okay,“Iwasstillweeping.Mypanichasgone.ButIcouldnothelpthinkingaboutthatsillypoem.Afterwhat

seemedlikeasafeamountoftime,Ireadthepoemagainandwasconfused.ltallfitsowelltogether,likea

puzzle.Thelanguagewassimple,sosimpleIcouldplainlyunderstanditsmeaning,yetitwasstillbeautiful.Iwas

nowfascinatedbytheideaofpoetry,wordsthathadthepowertomakeorbreakaperson'sworld.

Ihavesincefalleninlovewithotherpoems,but“PattyPoem"remainsmypoem.Afterall,"PattyPoem"gave

memyloveforpoetrynotbecauseitwasthepoemthatliftedmyspirits,butbecauseitwastheonethathurtmethe

most.

66.WhywasthewriterattractedbythebookBestLovedPoemstoReadAgainandAgain?

A.Itwasathickenoughbook.

B.Somethingonitscovercaughthereye.

C.Hermotherwasreadingitwithinterest.

D.Ithasameaningfultitle.

67.Afterhermotherreadthepoemtoher,thewriterfeltatfirst.

A.sad

B.excited

C.horrified

D.confused

68.Thewriter'smotherlikedtoread“PattyPoem"probablybecause.

A.itreflectedherownchildhood

B.itwaswritteninsimplelanguage

C.itwascomposedbyafamouspoet

D.itgaveherahintofwhatwouldhappen

69.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat44PattyPoem"leadsthewriterto.

A.discoverthepowerofpoetry

B.recognizeherloveforpuzzles

C.findhereagernesstogrowup

□.experiencegreathomesickness

【答案】66.B67.A68.D69.A

Tome,the“she"inthepoemwashorror.ltwasmymamawhowouldbesad.可知對(duì)媽媽來(lái)說(shuō)這首詩(shī)讓她想起

我也會(huì)長(zhǎng)大也會(huì)離開(kāi)她，她也會(huì)因?yàn)槲业碾x開(kāi)而非常難受.所以這本書讓她把未來(lái)可能發(fā)生的事情聯(lián)系了起

來(lái).故D項(xiàng)正確

69.A推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章最后一段“Ihavesincefalleninlovewithotherpoems,but“PattyPoem"remains

mypoem.Afterall,"PattyPoem"gavememylovefbrpoetrynotbecauseitwasthepoemthatliftedmyspirits,

butbecauseitwastheonethathurtmethemost/，可知這首詩(shī)讓作者感受了詩(shī)歌的美，讓作者愛(ài)上了詩(shī)歌，這

首因?yàn)樗l(fā)現(xiàn)詩(shī)歌有強(qiáng)烈的情感沖擊力.故A項(xiàng)正確.

考點(diǎn)：考查記敘文閱讀

（B）

Istherelinkbetweenhumansandclimatechangeornot?Thisquestionwasfirststudiedintheearly1900s.Since

then,manyscientistshavethoughtthatouractionsdomakeadifference.In1997,theKyotoProtocolexplainedour

roleintheEarth'schangingatmosphereandsetinternationallimitsfbrgasemissions（排放）from2023to

2023.Somecountrieshavedecidedtocontinuethesereductionsuntil2023.Morerecently,theParisAgreement,

stuckbynearly200countries,alsoaimstolimitglobalwarming.Butjustnowhowmuchwarmeritwillget℃.This

ishowmuchtemperatureswouldriseby2100evenifnationsliveuptotheinitialParispromisestoreducecarbon

emissions;thisrisecouldstillputcoastalcitiesunderwateranddriveoverhalfofallspeciestoextinction.2℃To

meetthisminimumgoal,theAgreementrequirescountriestotightenemissionstargetseveryfiveyears.Eventhis

increasecouldsinksomeislands,worsedrought（干旱）anddriveadeclineofuptoathirdinthen℃Thisisthe

mostambitiousgoalfortemperaturerisesetbytheParisAgreement,afterapushbylow-lyingislandnationslike

Kiribati,whichsaylimitingtemperaturerisetol.5℃℃

Thisishowmuchtemperatureshaverisensincetheindustrialagebegan,puttingus40%ofthewaytothe2℃

point.0℃Thebaselinehereisaverageglobaltemperaturebeforethestartoftheindustrialage.

70.ltcanbeconcludedfromparagraph1that.

A.theproblemofglobalwarmingwillhavebeenquitesolvedby2023

B.gasemissionshavebeeneffectivelyreducedindevelopedcountries

C.theParisAgreementsismoreinfluentialthantheKyotoProtocol

D.humanshavemadecontinuouseffortstoslowdownglobalwarming

71.IfnationscouldonlykeeptheinitialpromisesoftheParisAgreement,whatwouldhappenbytheyear2100?

A.Thehumanpopulationwouldincreasebyonethird.

B.Littleover50%ofallspecieswouldstillexist.

C.Nationswouldnotneedtotightentheiremissionstargets.

D.TheAgreement'sminimumgoalwouldnotbereached.

72.Ifthoseislandnationsnotfarabovesealevelaretosurvive,themaximumtemperaturerise,sincethestartofthe

industrialage,shouldbe.

A.0.8℃B.1.5℃C.2℃D.3.5℃

【答案】70.D71.D72.B

【解析】

試題分析：本文介紹了人們一直努力減少溫室氣體的排放，并設(shè)立了到2100年我們應(yīng)該達(dá)成的目標(biāo)以及達(dá)

成目標(biāo)要符合的條件.

70.D推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章第一段三至六句"Sincethen,manyscientistshavethoughtthatouractionsdomakea

difference.In1997,theKyoto.....stuckbynearly200countries,alsoaimstolimitglobalwarming.”可知自從20

世紀(jì)早期開(kāi)始人類就一直在努力減少溫室氣體的排放，希望能減緩全球變暖的趨勢(shì).故D項(xiàng)正確.

71.D推理判斷題.根據(jù)文章第二段Thisishowmuchtemperatureswouldriseby2100evenifnationsliveupto

theinitialParispromisestoreducecarbonemissions;可知如果各國(guó)的氣體排放能夠符合巴黎協(xié)議的要求，至！J

2100年氣溫會(huì)比現(xiàn)在高三度.而根據(jù)第三段Tomeetthismimmumgoal可知最小的目標(biāo)是上升兩度.也就是

說(shuō)即使各國(guó)的氣體技放能夠符合巴黎協(xié)議的要求，也達(dá)不到最小的目標(biāo).故D正確.

72.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段l.SCThxs的themostambiuousgo工fortemperaturensesetbyth?Paris

Agreement,afterapushbyislandnations::keK7ibati,whichsayhmitmgtemperaturer:seto1.51C

couldsavethemfrom史必i咯可知對(duì)于對(duì)于那些低海拔的國(guó)冢來(lái)說(shuō)稔定上升1.5度，就可以選免他們被淹沒(méi).

故3正確.

考點(diǎn)：考查說(shuō)明文閱讀

(C)

Enough"meaninglessdrivel”.That'sthemessagefromagroupofmembersoftheUKgovernmentwhohavebeen

examininghowsocialmediafirmslikeLinkedlngatherandusesocialmediadata.

TheHouseofCommonsScienceandTechnologyCommittee'sreport,releasedlastweek,hasblamedfirmsfor

makingpeoplesignuptolongincomprehensiblelegalcontractsandcallsforaninternationalstandardorkitemark

(認(rèn)證標(biāo)t己)toidenti?sitesthathavecleartermsandconditions.

“Thetermandconditionsstatementthatweallcarelesslyagreetoismeaninglessdriveltoanyone,“says

AndrewMiller,thechairofthecommittee.Instead,hesays,firmsshouldprovideaplain-Englishversionoftheir

terms.Thesimplifiedversionwouldbecheckedbyathirdpartyandawardedakitemarkifitisanaccurate

reflectionoftheoriginal.

Itisnotyetclearwhowouldadministerthescheme,buttheUKgovernmentislookingatintroducingitona

voluntarybasis/'weneedtothinkthroughhowwemakethatworkinpractice/'saysMiller.

Wouldwepayanymoreattentiontoakitemark?”Ithinkifyouwentanddidthesurvey,peoplewouldliketothink

theywould,“saysNigelShadboltattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,whostudiesopendata."Wedoknow

peopleworryalotabouttheinappropriateuseoftheirinformalion."Butwhatwouldhappeninpracticeisanother

matter,hesays.

Otherorganisationssuchasbanksaskcustomerstosignlongcontractstheymaynotreadorunderstand,butMiller

believessocialmediarequiresspecialattentionbecauseitissonew/'Westilldon'tknowhowsi