2023年考研考博-考博英語-中共中央黨?？荚嚉v年高頻考點真題薈萃帶答案

長風(fēng)破浪會有時，直掛云帆濟(jì)滄海。住在富人區(qū)的她2023年考研考博-考博英語-中共中央黨校考試歷年高頻考點真題薈萃帶答案第1卷一.綜合題(共10題)1.單選題Two（）bipartisanbillsaimedatreducingthe“trustdeficit”createdbytheSnowdenrevelationsandplacinglimitsonthebulkcollectionofAmericancitizens’metadatawereintroducedtoCongressthisweek.問題1選項A.complimentaryB.complementaryC.commentaryD.contemptible2.單選題Hehasawonderfulbrain,despotic,violent,andinexhaustible,meantforasoldier,bywhatchanceconvertedtoletters,（）thereisnotastylenoratintnotknowntohim,yetwithanEnglishappetiteforactionandheroes.問題1選項A.XB.inwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich3.單選題Thepoorindustrialisthadsaidthattheminimumwagewouldputhimoutofbusiness,（）bythenobleacademicthatitwouldnotneedtoifheranhiscompanyproperly.問題1選項A.tobeonlytoldB.onlybeingtoldC.onlytobetoldD.beingonlytold4.單選題TheaudiencecheeredasNumberthreehadrowedhimselfoutandwasslumpedoverhisoaratthe（）.問題1選項A.deadlineB.finishedlineC.finishinglineD.finishline5.問答題Theanswerliessomewhereintherealmofideology,inEuropeanattitudesnotjusttowarddefensespendingbuttowardpoweritself.ImportantasthepowergaphasbeeninshapingtherespectivestrategicculturesoftheUnitedStatesandEurope,ifthedisparityofmilitarycapabilitiesweretheonlyproblem,thesolutionwouldbefairlystraightforward.Withahighlyeducatedandproductivepopulationofalmost400millionpeopleanda$9trillioneconomy,EuropetodayhasthewealthandtechnologicalcapabilitytomakeitselfmoreofaworldpowerinmilitarytermsifEuropeanswantedtobecomethatkindofworldpower.Theycouldeasilyspendtwiceasmuchastheyarecurrentlyspendingondefenseiftheybelieveditnecessarytodoso.AndclosingthepowergapbetweentheUnitedStatesandEuropewouldprobablygosomewaytowardclosingthegapinstrategicperceptions.ThereisacynicalviewcurrentinAmericanstrategiccirclesthattheEuropeanssimplyenjoythe"freeride"theyhavegottenundertheAmericansecurityumbrellaoverthepastsixdecades.GivenAmerica'swillingnesstospendsomuchmoneyprotectingthem,Europeanswouldratherspendtheirownmoneyonsocialwelfareprograms,longvacations,andshorterworkweeks.Butthereismoretothetransatlanticgulfthanagapinmilitarycapabilities,andwhileEuropemaybeenjoyingafreerideintermsofglobalsecurity,thereismoretoEurope'sunwillingnesstobuildupitsmilitarypowerthancomfortwiththepresentAmericanguarantee.Afterall,theUnitedStatesinthe19IhcenturywasthebeneficiaryoftheBritishnavy'sdominanceoftheAtlanticandtheCaribbean.ButthatdidnotstoptheUnitedStatesfromengaginginitsownpeacetimenavalbuildupinthe1880sand1890s,abuildupthatequippedittolaunchandwintheSpanish-Americanwar,acquirethePhilippines,andbecomeaworldpower.Late-nineteenth-centuryAmericansdidnottakecomfortfromtheirsecurity;theywereambitiousformorepower.Europeanstodayarenotambitiousforpower,andcertainlynotformilitarypower.Europeansoverthepasthalfcenturyhavedevelopedagenuinelydifferentperspectiveontheroleofpowerininternationalrelations,aperspectivethatspringsdirectlyfromtheiruniquehistoricalexperiencesincetheendofWorldWarII.Theyhaverejectedthepowerpoliticsthatbroughtthemsuchmiseryoverthepastcenturyandmore.ThisisaperspectiveonpowerthatAmericansdonotandcannotshare,inasmuchastheformativehistoricalexperiencesontheirsideoftheAtlantichavenotbeenthesame.ConsideragainthequalitiesthatmakeuptheEuropeanstrategicculture:theemphasisonnegotiation,diplomacy,andcommercialties,oninternationallawovertheuseofforce,onseductionovercoercion,onmultilateralismoverunilateralism.ItistruethatthesearenottraditionallyEuropeanapproachestointernationalrelationswhenviewedfromalonghistoricalperspective.ButtheyareaproductofmorerecentEuropeanhistory.ThemodernEuropeanstrategicculturerepresentsaconsciousrejectionoftheEuropeanpast,arejectionoftheevilsofEuropeanMahtlpolilik.1.Whatmightbethequestionraisedpriortothefirstparagraphofthepassage?2.WhathavemadeitdifficulttoredressthemilitaryimbalancesbetweentheUnitedStatesandEurope?3.Whatdoesthephrase“freeride”implyhere?4.Whatdoesthephrase“thetransatlanticgulf”referto?5.WhydoAmericansandEuropeansthinkaboutpowersodifferently?6.單選題NegotiatorsfromaroundtheglobeonSundaymorningreachedaclimatechangeagreementthatwouldcommiteverynationtoreducingitsrateofgreenhousegasemissions—yetwouldstill（）whatisneededtostaveoffthedangerousandcostlyearlyimpactsofglobalwarming.問題1選項A.fallfarshortwithB.fallfarshortofC.fallnothingshortwithD.fallnothingshortof7.單選題Thequestionofethicsinthelegalprofessionisonethathasplaguedtheindustrysinceitsinception.Thecommonimageofanattorneyisonewhowillresorttoanyunethicaltrickto（1）thelawstofithispurposes.Inthemorespecificindustryofcriminallaw,defenseattorneysareoftencriticizedforadvocating（2）defendantswhoare“obviouslyguilty,”thusbecomingroadblocksonthepathto（3）.Muchtothecontrary,（4）,defenseattorneysprovideavaluableservicethatshouldearnthempraise,notscorn.Whileitistruethateverylawyerwilldoeverything（5）tointerpretthelawsinthemannermostbeneficialtohisclient,suchacharacterizationis（6）limitedtodefenseattorneys.Theprosecutorwilldothesamething,employingallhislegalknowledgeandknow-howtoestablishtheguiltofthedefendant.（7）,thevaguenatureofthelawishighlighted,anditbecomesavirtualnecessityforeachsidetouseeverytool（8）,ontheassumptionthattheothersidewillalsouseeverytoolathis.Thenetresultemergesasapositive,（9）thetricksoftheopposingattorneycanceloneanotherout,leavingonlythetruth,clearerand（10）manipulation,（11）thejury’sconsideration.Further,thedefenseattorneyisavitalelementoftheAmericanjudicialsystem,（12）withouthimthedefendantwouldstandnochancewhatsoever.Undertheconstitution,eventhemost“obviousguilty”defendants（13）therighttoafairtrial,involvingsomeoneableandwillingtoadvocateonhisbehalf.Ofcourse,therearebadapplesintheindustrywhoare（14）andcarenothingforactualjustice,and（15）onlyconcernsaretheirwallets.Generallyspeaking,however,without（16）,thesystemwouldcrumbleintoameremachineinwhichdefendantsareassumedguilty,withoutachancetoargueorprove（17）,andmanyinnocentpeople（18）withcrimeswouldbeseverelypunishedfortransgressionsthattheydidn’tcommit.ItisabasicfactthattheadversarialsystemofjusticeintheUnitedStatesisnecessaryinordertoensure（19）andmostunbiasedpresentationandevaluationofthefactspossible.Withoutdefenseattorneys,thatsystemcannotbecarriedout,and（20）alossofthecivillibertiesthatthenationenjoysandtreasures.Tothatend,allofthosewhomakethatprocessareality,includingdefenseattorneys,deserveoursupportandadmiration,notoursuspicionanddisdain.問題1選項A.obeyB.breakC.twistD.adopt問題2選項A.atbehalfofB.atthebehalfofC.onbehalfofD.onthebehalfof問題3選項A.civillibertiesB.justiceC.transgressionD.ethics問題4選項A.thusB.furthermoreC.moreoverD.however問題5選項A.beyondhispowerB.inpowerC.athispowerD.withinhispower問題6選項A.bynomeansB.byanymeansC.byallmeansD.bywhatmeans問題7選項A.InonerespectB.InthisrespectC.InsomerespectsD.Innorespect問題8選項A.attheirdisposalB.attheirdisposalsC.athisdisposalD.athisdisposals問題9選項A.atwhichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.forwhich問題10選項A.fullofB.fullwithC.devoidofD.devoidfrom問題11選項A.presentingforB.presentedforC.presentingtoD.presentedto問題12選項A.inthatB.forthatC.inwhichD.forwhich問題13選項A.willguaranteeB.guaranteeC.willbeguaranteedD.areguaranteed問題14選項A.ethicalB.unethicalC.guiltyD.unbiased問題15選項A.whatB.whoC.whoseD.where問題16選項A.defenseattorneysB.prosecutorsC.theconstitutionD.defendants問題17選項A.furtherB.neverthelessC.otherwiseD.though問題18選項A.arefalselychargedB.werefalselychargedC.beingfalselychargedD.falselycharged問題19選項A.afairB.afairerC.thefairestD.thefair問題20選項A.willresultinB.wouldresultinC.willresultatD.wouldresultat8.單選題Ifsanityandinsanityexist,howshallweknowthem?Thequestionisneithercapriciousnoritselfinsane.Howevermuchwemaybepersonallyconvincedthatwecantellthenormalfromtheabnormal,theevidenceissimplynotcompelling.Itiscommonplace,forexample,toreadaboutmurdertrialswhereineminentpsychiatristsforthedefensearecontradictedbyequallyeminentpsychiatristsfortheprosecutiononthematterofthedefendant'ssanity.Moregenerally,thereareagreatdealofconflictingdataonthereliability,utility,andmeaningofsuchtermsas"sanity","insanity","mentalillness,"and"schizophrenia."Finally,asearlyas1934,Benedictsuggestedthatnormalityandabnormalityarenotuniversal.Whatisviewedasnormalinoneculturemaybeseenasquiteaberrantinanother.Thus,notionsofnormalityandabnormalitymaynotbequiteasaccurateaspeoplebelievetheyare.Toraisequestionsregardingnormalityandabnormalityisinnowaytoquestionthefactthatsomebehaviorsaredeviantorodd.Murderisdeviant.So,too,arehallucinations.Nordoesraisingsuchquestionsdenytheexistenceofthepersonalanguishthatisoftenassociatedwith"mentalillness."Anxietyanddepressionexist.Psychologicalsufferingexists.Butnormalityandabnormality,sanityandinsanity,andthediagnosesthatflowfromthemmaybelesssubstantivethanmanybelievethemtobe.Atitsheart,thequestionofwhetherthesanecanbedistinguishedfromtheinsaneisasimplematter:Dothesalientcharacteristicsthatleadtodiagnosesresideinthepatientsthemselvesorintheenvironmentsandcontextsinwhichobserversfindthem?FromBleuler,throughKretchmer,throughtheformulatorsoftherecentlyrevisedDiagnosticandStatisticalManualoftheAmericanPsychiatricAssociation,thebeliefhasbeenstrongthatpatientspresentsymptoms,thatthosesymptomscanbecategorized,andimplicitly,thatthesanearedistinguishablefromtheinsane.Morerecently,however,thisbeliefhasbeenquestioned.Basedinpartontheoreticalandanthropologicalconsiderations,butalsoonphilosophical,legal,andtherapeuticones,theviewhasgrownthatpsychologicalcategorizationofmentalillnessisuselessatbestanddownrightharmful,misleading,andpejorativeatworst.Psychiatricdiagnoses,inthisview,areinthemindsoftheobserversandarenotvalidsummariesofcharacteristicsdisplayedbytheobserved.Gainscanbemadeindecidingwhichoftheseismorenearlyaccuratebygettingnormalpeopleadmittedtopsychiatrichospitalsandthendeterminingwhethertheywerediscoveredtobesaneand,ifso,how.Ifthesanityofsuchpseudopatientswerealwaysdetected,therewouldbeprimafacieevidencethatasaneindividualcanbedistinguishedfromtheinsanecontextinwhichheisfound.Normalityisdistinctenoughthatitcanberecognizedwhereveritoccurs,foritiscarriedwithintheperson.If,ontheotherhand,thesanityofthepseudopatientswereneverdiscovered,seriousdifficultieswouldariseforthosewhosupporttraditionalmodesofpsychiatricdiagnosis.Giventhatthehospitalstaffwasnotincompetent,thatthepseudopatienthadbeenbehavingassanelyashehadbeenoutsideofthehospital,andthatithadneverpreviouslysuggestedthathebelongedinapsychiatrichospital,suchanunlikelyoutcomewouldsupporttheviewthatpsychiatricdiagnosisbetrayslittleaboutthepatientbutmuchabouttheenvironmentinwhichanobserverfindshim.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?2.Whatdoestheword"them"inthelastsentenceofthefourthparagraphreferto?3.Theword"pejorative"couldbestbereplacedby（）.4.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestexplainthelastpartofthepassage?5.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostlikelyfollowthispassage?問題1選項A.Wecanjudgepreciselywhatconstitutesnormalityandabnormality.B.Itisnoteasytodistinguishsanityfrominsanity.C.Itisnodoubtthatsomebehaviorsofhumanbeingsareodd.D.Settingswherepeoplearelivinghavemuchtodowithhowweknowwhatsanityis.問題2選項A.Questionsfromnormalityandabnormality.B.Thediagnoses.C.Normalityandabnormality,sanityandinsanity.D.People.問題3選項A.peevishB.depreciatoryC.negativeD.meaningless問題4選項A.Psychiatricdiagnosisdoesn'tinformpeopleofthepatientbutoftheenvironmentwhereheisliving.B.Thepatientisn'tbetrayedbypsychiatristsbutbytheenvironmentwhereheisliving.C.Psychiatristsknowmoreaboutthepatientthantheenvironmentwhereheisliving.D.Psychiatricdiagnosisislikelytoimprovetheenvironmentwherethepatientislivingwhichdoeslittlehelptohim.問題5選項A.Descriptionoftheexperimentofputtingsomesanepeopleinpsychiatrichospitals.B.Argumentagainstthedifficultyofdistinguishingthesanefromtheinsane.C.Descriptionoftheexperimentofsaneandinsanepeopleinthesamepsychiatrichospitals.D.Argumentforthedifficultyoffindingoutwhoarerealpatients.9.單選題Todayinthetechno-societiesthereisanalmostironcladconsensusaboutthefutureoffreedom.Maximumindividualchoiceisregardedasthedemocraticideal.Yetmostwriterspredictthatweshallmovefurtherandfurtherfromthisideal.Theyconjureupadarkvisionofthefuture,inwhichpeopleappearasmindlessconsumercreatures,surroundedbystandardizedgoods,educatedinstandardizedschools,fedadietofstandardizedmassculture,andforcedtoadoptstandardizedstylesoflife.Suchpredictionshavespawnedagenerationoffuturehatersandtechnophobes,asonemightexpect.OneofthemostextremeofthereisaFrenchreligiousmystic,JacquesEllul,whosebooksareenjoyingacampusvogue.AccordingtoEllul,manwasfarfreerinthepastwhen“Choicewasarealpossibilityforhim.”Bycontrast,today,thehumanbeingis“nolongerinanysensetheagentofchoice.”And,asfortomorrow,“Inthefuture,manwillapparentlybeconfinedtotheroleofarecordingdevice.”Robbedofchoice,hewillbeactedupon,notactive.Hewilllive,Ellulwarns,inatotalitarianstaterunbyavelvet-glovedGestapo.Thissametheme---thelossofchoice---runsthroughmuchoftheworkofArnoldToynbee.ItisrepeatedbyeveryonefromhippiegurustoSupremeCourtjustices,tabloideditorialistsandexistentialistphilosophers.Putinitssimplestform,thetheoryofVanishingChoicerestsonacrudesyllogism:scienceandtechnologyhavefosteredstandardization.Scienceandtechnologywilladvance,makingthefutureevenmorestandardizedthanthepresent.Ergo,manwillprogressivelylosehisfreedomofchoice.Ifinsteadofblindlyacceptingthissyllogism,westoptoanalyzeit,however,wemakeanextraordinarydiscovery.Fornotonlyisthelogicitselffaulty,theentireideaispremisedonsheerfactualignoranceaboutthenature,themeaningandthedirectionofthesuper-industrialrevolution.Certainly,itwouldbedifficulttodenythatindustrialismhashadalevelingeffect.Ourabilitytoproducemillionsofnearlyidenticalunitsitthegrowingachievementoftheindustrialage.Thus,whenintellectualsbewailthesamenessofourmaterialgoods,theyaccuratelyreflectthestateofaffairsofunder-industrialism.Inthesamebreath,however,theyrevealshockingignoranceaboutthecharacterofsuper-industrialism.Focusedonwhatsocietywas,theyareblindedtowhatitisfastbecoming,forthesocietyofthefuturewilloffernotarestricted,standardizedflowofgoods,butthegreatestvarietyofunstandardizedgoodsandservicesanysocietyhaseverseen.Wearemovinggottowardsafurtherextensionofmaterialstandardization,buttowardsitsdialecticalnegation.Theendofstandardizationisalreadyinsight.However,thepacevariesfromindustrytoindustry,andfromcountrytocountry.1.Thepredictionsaboutthefuturemadebymanywriters,intheauthor’sopinion,are（）.2.TheauthorgivestheworksofJacquesEllulandArnoldToynbeeasexamplestoprovethat（）.3.Bysaying“Inthefuture,manwillapparentlybeconfinedtotheroleofarecordingdevice”(Paragraph2),Ellulimpliesthathe(man)（）.4.Theauthor’sattitudetowardintellectualsinParagraph5and6isoneof（）.5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?問題1選項A.pessimisticB.optimisticC.pleasingD.reasonable問題2選項A.agenerationoffuturewillbecomehatersandtechnophobesB.scienceandtechnologywillcertainlyadvanceC.manwillgraduallylosehisfreedomofchoiceD.scienceandtechnologywillmakethefuturemorestandardized問題3選項A.willrecordwhatotherpeoplesayandthenfollowthemB.willimitateotherpeoplewhenhetakesactionsC.candowhateverhewishesD.candonothingbutfollowothers問題4選項A.strongdisapprovalB.reservedconsentC.slightcontemptD.enthusiasticsupport問題5選項A.Peopleinthefuturewilleventuallylosealloftheirfreedom.B.Thesocietyofthefuturewillbecomemorestandardized.C.Standardizationwilltakeapredominantpositioninthesocietyofthefuture.D.Thesocietyofthefuturewillhaveadialecticaleffectofbothstandardizationandunstandardization.10.單選題Anumberofdevelopmentscombinedtodestroythemonetarysystem,leadingtoacrisisinwhichthecollapseofonecountry'seconomyandcurrency-inamodernversionofthecommercialdominotheory-leadstofiscal（）thatspreadsuncomfortablyaroundtheworld,wreakinghavoconglobalcapitalism.問題1選項A.contaminationB.contagionC.inflammationD.inflation第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】B【解析】形近異義詞辨析。complimentary“贈送的，稱贊的”；complementary“補(bǔ)足的”，commentary“評論，注釋”；contemptible“可鄙的，卑鄙的”。句意：這周，由兩黨贊成的補(bǔ)充議案被提交國會，這些議案旨在減少“信任赤字”，這種“信任赤字”是由斯諾登造成的，并且限制美國公民元數(shù)據(jù)的批量收集。選項B符合題意。2.【答案】B【解析】語法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知考查非限定性定語從句。非限定性定語從句中關(guān)系詞不能省，選項A可排除。又因為先行詞為letters，固定短語inletters“在信件中”，選項B符合題意。3.【答案】C【解析】語法和固定搭配。根據(jù)題意，空格前后的事情形成對比，存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。所以可排除選項B和D。句意：這位可憐的實業(yè)家曾經(jīng)說過，最低工資會讓他破產(chǎn)，但是卻被這位高貴的學(xué)者告知，如果當(dāng)初正確經(jīng)營公司，就不會有這樣的結(jié)果。onlytobetold為固定搭配，“卻被告知”。沒有搭配tobeonlytold。選項C符合題意。4.【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。deadline“截止線，界線”；finishline“終點線”，finishedline“竣工線”；沒有搭配deadline和finishingline，選項A和C可排除。句意：當(dāng)三號選手筋疲力盡地劃到終點，伏倒他的槳上，觀眾們歡呼起來。選項D符合題意。5.【答案】1.Europemaybeenjoyingafreerideintermsofglobalsecurity,thereismoretoEurope'sunwillingnesstobuildupitsmilitarypowerthancomfortwiththepresentAmericanguarantee.2.EuropeanshavegottenundertheAmericansecurityumbrella.3.EuropeansenjoythestatementofbeingsecuredbytheUnitedStated.4.ItrefersthatAmericawasambitiousformorepower.5.Becauseoftheirdifferenthistoricalexperiences.6.【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。fallfarshortof“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不足”；fallnothingshortof“無異于……”，沒有fallfarshortwith和fallnothingshortwith兩種搭配，選項A和C可排除。句意：周日早上，來自全球的談判代表關(guān)于氣候變化達(dá)成了一項協(xié)議，該協(xié)議承諾每個國家要減少溫室氣體的排放量。然而，對于延緩全球變暖所導(dǎo)致的危險和高昂的代價來說，是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。選項B符合題意。7.【答案】第1題:C第2題:C第3題:B第4題:D第5題:D第6題:A第7題:B第8題:A第9題:C第10題:C第11題:B第12題:A第13題:D第14題:B第15題:C第16題:A第17題:C第18題:D第19題:C第20題:B【解析】（1）動詞詞義辨析。obey“服從”；break“打破”；twist“扭曲”；adopt“采取”。句意：律師給人的普遍印象是，不惜使用任何不道德違背法律的手段去達(dá)到自己的目的。選項C符合題意。（2）固定搭配。onbehalfof“代表，為了”，為固定搭配。沒有A、C、D搭配，可排除。句意：辯護(hù)律師經(jīng)常因為代表“明顯有罪”的被告進(jìn)行辯護(hù)而受到批評。選項C符合題意。（3）邏輯關(guān)系。civilliberties“公民自由”；justice“公平，正義”；transgression“海侵，犯罪”；ethics“倫理學(xué)”。通過關(guān)鍵詞“thusbecomingroadblocks”，可知律師這樣的做法在公平正義的道路上成為了一種障礙，所以空格中應(yīng)該填入正義。選項B符合題意。（4）邏輯關(guān)系。thus“因此”；furthermore“此外，而且”；moreover“而且”；however“然而”。根據(jù)空格前的tothecontrary可知，下文提到的內(nèi)容將與前文相反，構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞however，選項D符合題意。（5）固定搭配。beyondhispower“超出其權(quán)力”；inpower“執(zhí)政，掌權(quán)”；沒有athispower這種搭配，選項C可排除。withinhispower“在權(quán)力范圍之內(nèi)”。句意：然而，事實是每個律師都會盡一切努力在自己的權(quán)力范圍內(nèi)以對他的當(dāng)事人最有利的方式來闡述法律。選項D符合題意。（6）固定搭配。bynomeans“決不”；byanymeans“無論如何”；byallmeans“盡一切辦法”；bywhatmeans“用什么辦法”。句意：這樣的特征決不僅限于辯護(hù)律師，而是符合所有律師。選項A符合題意。（7）固定搭配。Inonerespect“在某個方面”；Inthisrespect“在這方面”；Insomerespects“在一些方面”；Innorespect“毫不，完全不”。句意：檢察官也會這樣做，利用自己所知道的法律知識來判定被告有罪。在這個方面，法律的不明確性得到了強(qiáng)調(diào)。選項B符合題意。（8）語法題。根據(jù)上文“anditbecomesavirtualnecessityforeachsidetouseeverytool”，可知每一方都必須使用每一種工具。所以是指公訴人和律師兩方，應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)their。根據(jù)固定搭配atone’sdisposal“由……支配”，可知disposal用單數(shù)。選項A符合題意。（9）語法題。根據(jù)題意，空格引導(dǎo)的句子為非限制性定語從句，因為inthisresult“在這種結(jié)果下”，所以用inwhich引導(dǎo)，在定語從句中作狀語。句意：在這種結(jié)果下，對方律師的詭計互相抵消，只留下真相。選項C符合題意。（10）固定搭配。fullof“充滿”；devoidof“缺乏”，沒有B和D項搭配，可排除。句意：只留下真相，更清晰并且不可操控。選項C符合題意。（11）固定搭配和語法。presentfor“遞交給……”；presentto“贈送，給予”。根據(jù)文章thejury’sconsideration，最終結(jié)果要求陪審團(tuán)共同考慮，所以證據(jù)要被遞交給陪審團(tuán)考慮，要用動詞的-ed分詞，選項B符合題意。（12）邏輯關(guān)系?？崭袂耙痪涮岬奖桓孓q護(hù)人是美國司法體系最重要的一個部分，空格后提到?jīng)]有被告辯護(hù)人，被告就沒有任何機(jī)會。所以后一句是前一句的原因解釋。inthat后接原因，選項A符合題意。（13）邏輯關(guān)系和語法。根據(jù)句意：即使是最明顯的被告也被保證有權(quán)得到公正的審判。所以應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài)，選項A和B可排除。這里是對憲法保證公平審判的事實，不需要用將來時態(tài)。選項D符合題意。（14）形容詞詞義辨析。ethical“倫理的，道德的”；unethical“不道德的”；guilty“有罪的，內(nèi)疚的”；unbiased“公正的”。句意：這個行業(yè)里面有些害群之馬，這些人沒有職業(yè)道德，并且不關(guān)心實際的公正。選項B符合題意。（15）語法題。根據(jù)文章意思，空格引導(dǎo)的句子應(yīng)該是一個非限制性定語從句，用來修飾上文提到的那些害群之馬，根據(jù)名詞concerns可知，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用whose在定語從句中作定語。句意：那些人的關(guān)注點只在他們的錢包上。選項C符合題意。（16）邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)上下文，可知這里是指沒有被告辯護(hù)律師，這一體系將崩潰為一個簡單的機(jī)器，在這個機(jī)器里，被告被假定有罪。選項A符合題意。（17）邏輯關(guān)系。further“而且，更遠(yuǎn)地”；nevertheless“然而，不過”；otherwise“另外，否則”；though“雖然，盡管”。句意：否則，被告將無機(jī)會去辯論或證明。選項C符合題意。（18）語法題。根據(jù)空格前的people可知，空格應(yīng)該作后置定語修飾people，因為無辜的人們是被指控的，所以存在被動關(guān)系，用動詞的-ed分詞作后置定語。選項D符合題意。（19）語法題。根據(jù)空格后mostunbiased用到了最高級，可知and前的空格也相應(yīng)地要用最高級。選項C符合題意。（20）語法題。根據(jù)文章，“Withoutdefenseattorneys,thatsystemcannotbecarriedout”，可知沒有辯護(hù)律師，這一制度將無法實施。所以是做出了沒有辯護(hù)律師的假定，可推斷下文空格會用到虛擬語氣。woulddo表示對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，句意：將會導(dǎo)致喪失國家享有和珍視的公民自由。又根據(jù)固定搭配resultin“導(dǎo)致”，選項B符合題意。8.【答案】第1題:A第2題:C第3題:B第4題:A第5題:A【解析】1.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Howevermuchwemaybepersonallyconvinced