論《羅密歐與朱麗葉》地人物性格特點(diǎn)及封建家庭中地婚姻觀

大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)論文題目：AnalysisonCharacteristicsofCharactersinRomeoandJulietandMarriageViewofFeudalFamilies院系：專(zhuān)業(yè)：班級(jí)：學(xué)生姓名：指導(dǎo)教師：摘要《羅密歐與朱麗葉》是莎士比亞著名的愛(ài)情悲劇之一。羅密歐與朱麗葉這一對(duì)戀人相親相愛(ài)，他們忠于自己的愛(ài)情，忠于自己的誓言。他們?yōu)榱双@得幸福，不顧任何冷酷的現(xiàn)實(shí)，最后他們雙雙殉情自殺。莎士比亞正是通過(guò)羅密歐和朱麗葉的愛(ài)情悲劇，把愛(ài)情題材和文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的社會(huì)矛盾聯(lián)系起來(lái)，批判了封建道德觀念，表現(xiàn)了人文主義追求個(gè)人自由和個(gè)人幸福的理念。本文通過(guò)分析《羅密歐與朱麗葉》的人物性格特點(diǎn)及及其家庭來(lái)揭露在社會(huì)主義宗教改革和人文主義思想下的人物性格特點(diǎn)及封建家庭中的婚姻觀。關(guān)鍵詞：《羅密歐與朱麗葉》，人物性格，婚姻觀ABSTRACTRomeoandJulietisoneofthefamouslovetragediesofShakespeare.Asacouple,RomeoandJulietwhoweredeeplyattachedtoeachotherwereloyaltotheirloveandfaithfultotheiroath.Inordertoobtainhappiness,theywereregardlessofanycoldreality,andfinallytheloverscommittedsuicidetogetherforlove.ShakespearecorrelatedthesubjectmatterworksoflovewithsocialcontradictionsintheRenaissanceperiodthroughthelovetragedyRomeoandJuliet,criticizedthefeudalmoralconceptandexpressedthatthehumanismaimsatpursuingconceptsofpersonalfreedomandpersonalhappiness.ThispaperwillanalyzecharactersandfamiliesinRomeoandJuliettoexposethecharacteristicsofcharactersandmarriageviewoffeudalfamiliesundertheinfluenceofsocialistreligiousreformandhumanisticideas.Keyword:RomeoandJuliet,characters,marriageviewContentChapterIIntroductionTheAuthorTheBackgroundLiteratureReviewChapterIICharacteristicsofCharactersinRomeoandJuliet2.1MainPlotsofRomeoandJuliet2.2CharacteristicsofJuliet2.3CharacteristicsofRomeo2.4DiscussiononCharacteristicsofRomeoandJulietChapterIIIFeudalFamiliesinRomeoandJuliet3.1FeudalCapuletFamily…3.1.1Capulet…3.1.2Capulet’swife…3.2FeudalMontagueFamily3.2.1Montague…3.2.2Montague’swife…3.3MarriageViewofFeudalMontagueFamiliesChapterIVConclusionBibliography論《羅密歐與朱麗葉》的人物性格特點(diǎn)及封建家庭中的婚姻觀AnalysisonCharacteristicsofCharactersinRomeoandJulietandMarriageViewofFeudalFamiliesChapterIIntroductionLoveistheeternalthemeinliterature.Uptothepresent,itisunknownthatsomanypeoplepourouttheirsoul.Theysingalotoflove-paeanswithvehementpassions.Althoughwewishthatthelovershaveahappywedding,therearestillsometragiclove-storiesinliterature.1.1TheAuthorWilliamShakespeare(1564-1615)wasanEnglishdramatistandpoetandgenerallyregardedasthegreatestwriterintheEnglishlanguage.Hewrote37playsand154sonnetsinhislifetime.Hisimagination,hisrichnessoflanguageandhisdeepunderstandingofhumanbehaviorshadmadehimuniversallyknownandloved.HisinfluenceonEnglishliteratureandonthewritersofothercountriesisimmense.Shakespeareisoneofthefoundersofrealisminworldliterature.Hisdramaticcreationoftenusedthemethodofadaptations.Hislongexperiencewiththestageandhisintimateknowledgeofdramaticartthusacquiredmakehimamasterhandforplaywriting.HewasagreatmasteroftheEnglishlanguage.Hewasskilledinmanypoeticforms:thesong,thesonnet,thecouple,andthedramaticblankverse.1.2TheBackgroundShakespearewaslivingduringtherenaissanceperiod.TheEnglishrenaissancewaslargelyliteraryandachieveditsheightduringtheElizabethanperiod.Theagewasespeciallysignificantforthreeliteraryforms:thedrama,poetryandprose.Mostofthewritersintheeraoftherenaissanceweresometimescalledhumanists.InShakespeare’sworksvoicedthehumanaspirationforfreedomandequalityandagainstthefeudalrule.Livinginthehistoricalperiodofthetransitionfromfeudalismtocapitalism,Shakespearefaithfullyandvividlyreflectedthesocietythroughahostoftypicalcharactersinhisplays.1.3LiteratureReviewRomeoandJulietisShakespeare’searliestgreatsuccessintragedy,whichcombinesatragicsituationwithcomedyandgaiety.Theplayisanexposureoftheoldfeudalworldwithitsinternalstrifeanditsunnaturalhumanrelations.Thoughthetwoinnocentloversdieintheend,theplayhasnothingofpessimisminit.Thebalconysceneandthepartingscenearetwogreatlovescenesintheworld'sliterature.Thisplayhasalwaysremainedafavoritewithyoungreadersandaudience.ThetextofRomeoandJulietintheOxfordcopyoftheFirstFoliowasalmostthumbedtopiecesbyeagerstudentsoftheseventeenthcentury.Shakespeare’sworksarechieflyconcernedwiththeaffairsofyouthandfullofromanticsentiment.RomeoandJulietislyricalandoptimisticinspirit,litupbythespringandsunshineofSouthEurope,itshowsanextraordinaryfacilityinexpressionandafelicityinthechoiceofphrases,showsanincreasinginsightintocharactersandmind,andfinallygainedagoodcommandofcharacterization.ChapterIICharacteristicsofCharactersinRomeoandJuliet2.1MainPlotsofRomeoandJulietRomeoandJuliettookplaceinVeronacity.Thereweretwohugefamilygroups,theMontaguefamilyandtheCapuletfamily.Theyarousedaseriesofnewstruggles.However,theygavebirthtoapairofunfortunatelovers.“Sheisthepearloftheskytolandtheworld!”RomeodescribedJulietlikethis.Theyfellinlovewitheachotherdeeplyatthefirstsight.Inthegarden,withthemoonlight,theyexpressedtheirlove.Theygotmarrysecretly.Itseemedthatitwasthelinethatthesituationwouldturnaround.Noonewouldhavethoughtthatafterafewhourstheywoulddepart.RomeowastobebanishedbecausehekilledJuliet’scousinwhokilledRomeo’sgoodfriend.Julietwasingreatsorrow.Misfortunesnevercomesingly.Julietwasforcedtomarryanotherone.ThatnightRomeosecretlyclimbedJuliet’sroom.Itseemedtobeafarewell.Hehadtoleaveinthemorning.Itwasneverhopedthearrivalofthedawn.BeforegotmarryJuliettookthesleepingdeathmedicinefollowingtheadviceofapriestnamedFriarLawrencewhosentalettertoRomeototellthefact.HoweverRomeodidn’treceivethemessage.Withgriefandmadness,withpoison,hecametothetomb.BecausehethoughtJuliethadalreadydeadhetookthepoison.JustatthismomentJulietwokeup.Julietfoundherhusband’sdeathandsuicidedatonce.WhenthepriestFriarLawrencetoldtheirlovingstorytotheirfamilymembersthetowfamiliesfinallybroketheirbarriers.Theyturnedtheirconflictsandhatredintofriendship.Agoldenstatuswassettomemorytheirgreatlove.2.2CharacteristicsofJulietAsayoungerchild,shewascaredforbyaNursewhoisnowherconfidante.Julietisapproachingher14thbirthday(her16thinArthurBrooke'spoem).Shewasbornon"LammasEveatnight"(August1),soJuliet'sbirthdayisJuly31.Herbirthdayis"afortnighthence",puttingtheactionoftheplayinmid-July.Shakespeare'sJulietwasveryyoung;herfatherstatesthatshe"hathnotseenthechangeoffourteenyears".Thesacredloversarereunitedonthesamedeathbed.BoththeirfamiliesrealizedwhattheyhaddonebytryingtoseparatethestarcrossedloverswiththeeffectthattheCapuletsandMontaguesarereunitedandtheirfightingended.Shediesattheendoftheplay.2.2CharacteristicsofRomeoInthebeginningoftheplay,Romeopinedforanunrequitedlove,Rosaline.Tocheerhimup,hisfriendsBenvolioandMercutiotookhimtotheCapulets'celebrationindisguise,wherehemetandfellinlovewiththeCapulets'onlydaughter,Juliet.Laterthatnight,hemetJulietsecretlyandpledgedtomarry,despitetheirfamilies'long-standingfeud.Theymarriedthefollowingday,buttheirunionwassoonthrownintochaosbytheirfamilies;Juliet'scousinTybaltdueledandkilledRomeo'sfriendMercutiothatthrewRomeointosucharagethathekilledTybalt,andthePrinceofVeronasubsequentlybanishedhim.Meanwhile,Juliet'sfatherplannedtomarryherofftoParis,alocalaristocrat,withinthenextfewdays,threateningtoturnheroutonthestreetsifshedidn’tfollowthrough.Desperate,JulietbeggedRomeo'sconfidant,FriarLaurencetohelphertoescapetheforcedmarriage.Laurencedidsobygivingherapotionthatputherinadeath-likecoma.Theplanworked,buttoosoonforRomeotolearnofit;hegenuinelybelievedJuliettobedead,andsoresolvedtocommitsuicide.Romeo'sfinalwordswere"ThuswithakissIdie".HekilledhimselfatJuliet'sgrave,momentsbeforesheawaked;shekilledherselfinturnshortlythereafter.2.3DiscussiononCharacteristicsofRomeoandJulietTruelovegivestheheroandcouragetopursuethefreelove.AlthoughJulietknewthatRomeowasfromherenemy’sson.ShecannothelpresistingherlovetoRomeo.Itwaslovethatgavetheircouragetofightagainstfeudalism.JulietgaveupthenarrowclanconceptsandmaintainedherlovetoRomeo.Lovegavetheirloyalty.Theychosedeathtoshowtheirfaithfullovetotheirlovers.WhenRomeoknewJulietdeadhedrankpoisonanddeadinJuliet’stomb.ItwasallthesamewithJuliet.Beforetheirsuicidetheirmonologueswereextremelysimilarastheirlastsentences.Julietsaid:“Ididthecupforyou!”Romeosaid:“tomylove,Ididthecup!”Theirloveneverendedbytheboundaryoftheirhatred.Withthetruelovetheynevermindendingtheirpreciouslives.Yetwecanlookintotheplaycarefullyandwemaytrytofindouttowhatitselementshelptoelucidatethequestionoflove.TheevaluationtowhichonewillbeledafterinterpretingthetreatmentofloveinRomeoandJulietdependsontheaspectonwhichtheinvestigationfocuses:if,forexample,thedeedsofRomeoandJuliet,theirerrorsandresponsibilityareregardedasthecrucialpointofthequestion,theinvestigationwillprobablyshowthatRomeoisnottheperfectandideallover,butavain,partlyinconstant,inexperiencedyoungman,whoseoverhastylovetoJuliet,aswellinexperienced,leadstothedeathofboth.Butiftheincrediblecoincidencesandmisunderstandingsintheplayarethefocusofattention,thecorrespondingassessmentoflovewilllayemphasisonthepoweroffateandfortuneagainstthegoodintentionsandtherefinedfeelingsofthetwoyounglovers.ChapterIIIFeudalFamiliesinRomeoandJulietAtfirstsightRomeoandJulietmayseemtobeasimple,domesticromance.Ithasbeenmovingtheaudiencesofmorethanthreecenturiesandhasbeenthesourceformanyadaptations.ItisoneofthemostwidelyknownworksofShakespeareandsharesalargepopularityuptotoday.Butbeyondthistragicandromanticlove-story,whichuncountablepeoplehavesimplyenjoyedonstageorscreen,therecouldbemore:adidacticmessage,ahiddensocialcriticismorsomeelaboratedconcepts.Obviously,oneofthecentralsubjectsdealtwithinRomeoandJulietisthesubjectoflove.3.1FeudalCapuletFamilyThenameoftheCapuletfamily(inItalian,theCapuleti)wasanactualpoliticalfactionofthe13thcentury3.1.1CapuletCapuletisthepatriarchoftheCapuletfamily,thefatherofJuliet,anduncleofTybalt.Heisverywealthy,butheisnotanaristocrat;thatis,itwouldbeincorrecttorefertohimas"LordCapulet".Heissometimescommandingbutalsoconvivial,asattheball.CapuletbelievedheknewwhatwasbestforJuliet.Hesaidthathisconsenttothemarriagedependeduponwhatshewantedandtold\o"CountParis"Paristhatifhewantedtomarryherheshouldwaitawhilethenaskher.WhensherefusedtobecomeParis's"joyfulbride",sayingthatshecan"neverbeproudofwhatshehates",hebecamefurious,threateningtomakehera\o"Streetchildren"streeturchin,callingher"hilding"(meaning"slut"or"whore"),"unworthy","young\o"Baggage"baggage"and"disobedientwretch"(alongwith"green-sicknesscarrion"and"tallow-face"),butsentencedhertorottingawayin\o"Prison"prisonifshedidnotobeyherparents'orders).Hisactionsindicatedthathisdaughter'swantswereirrelevantallthewayuptothepointwhenhesawherunconsciousonherbed(presumablydead)andlaterwhenshewastrulydeadduringtheplay'sfinalscene.3.1.2Capulet'swifeCapulet'swifewasthematriarchofthehouseofCapulet,andJuliet'smother.SheplayedalargerrolethanMontague'swife,appearinginseveralscenes.InActOne,Scenethree,sherefusedtotalktoherdaughteraboutmarriage,asshefeltuncomfortableaboutit,butshewaspleasedabout\o"CountParis"CountParis's"interest"inherdaughter.WhenTybaltwaskilledinActThree,sheexpressedextremegriefandastrongdesireforrevengeonRomeo.Bythefinalact,shewasnearlyovercomebythetragiceventsoftheplay.WeknowthatJulietwasbornwhenhermotherwas14,thussheisabout28yearsold,andherhusbandwasmanyyearsolderthanher.Callingher"LadyCapulet"wasamodernconvention;itisanechoofJuliet'sformofaddressin3.5.65:"myladymother".Inthefirst\o"EarlytextsofShakespeare'sworks"quartosthestagedirectionandspeechheadingscanbe"mother","wife",oreven"oldlady",butnowhere"LadyCapulet".3.2FeudalMontagueFamilyTheMontaguefamily(inItalian,the\o"Montecchi"Montecchi)wasanactual\o"Political"politicalfactionofthe13thcentury.3.2.1MontagueOldMontaguewasthepatriarchofthehouseofMontague,andthefatherofRomeoanduncletoBenvolio.Hewasverywealthy,buthewasnotanaristocrat;thatwas,itwouldbeincorrecttorefertohimas"LordMontague".HeworriedoverRomeo'srelationshipwithRosaline(withwhomRomeowasinloveatthebeginningofthestory),butcannotgetthroughtohisson.HelaterpleadedwiththePrincetopreventhissonfrombeingexecuted,andgothiswishwhenthePrinceloweredRomeo'spunishmenttobanishment.Intheearliesttextshisnamewasactuallyspelled"Mountague",butMontaguenowseemswell-established.3.2.2Montague'swifeMontague'swifewasthematriarchofthehouseofMontague,andthemotherofRomeoandauntofBenvolio.Sheappearedtwicewithintheplay:inactone,sceneoneshefirstrestrainedMontaguefromenteringthequarrelhimself,andlaterspokewithBenvolioaboutthesamequarrel.ShereturnedwithherhusbandandthePrinceinactthree,sceneonetoseewhatthetroublewasinformedofRomeo'sbanishment.Shediedofgriefoffstagesoonafter(mentionedinactfive).ShewasveryprotectiveofhersonRomeoandwasveryhappywhenBenvoliotoldherthatRomeowasnotinvolvedinthebrawlthathappenedbetweentheCapuletsandMontagues.WhenRomeowasbanishedhismotherwasheartbrokenandthenshedied.AswithCapulet'swife,callingher"LadyMontague"isalaterinventionnotsupportedbytheearliesttexts.3.3MarriageViewofFeudalMontagueFamiliesTheactionsoftheRomeoandJulietandresistanceagainsttheirfamilymarriagereflecteddeeplydistinctanti-feudaltendency.IntheworkofRomeoandJuliet,wecannotonlyseethereflectionoftherenaissanceperiod,alsocanexperiencetheemotionandattitudeofthefeudalfamilies.Atthattime,,newbourgeoisieintheEuropecontinuedtorise,butthefeudalforceswasstillinclingingtodominantposition,RomeoandJulietweredeeplyinlove,forfreelove,theygreatlyconflictedwithfeudalpatriarchalsystem.Obviously,thisisconflictandcontradictionofthenewbourgeoisieandthefeudalforces.Sotospeak,RomeoandJulietwerethetypicalrepresentativesofthenewbourgeoisie,theywererichinyouthfulvitality,theyhadpurerloveintheworld,inordertofreeloveandregardlessoftheresultsoftheloveandfamilyhatred,theyfoughtagainstthefeudalpatriarchalsystemfortheirlove,thisismarriageviewofRomeoandJuliet.Thehumanismyoungpeople,thetragedyofthelovestoryofRomeoandJulietwasblamedonfeudaloldconsciousness,thelovethemewasconnectedwithsocialcontradictionsinrenaissanceperiod,thecriticismisdirectedtoagedandbarbarousmoralprinciplesinthemiddleagesandpointedtotherealityofthefeudalforces.IntheendoftheworksofShakespeare,thepersonalviewsonmarriagemakesthelightoflovedissolvehatredoftwofamiliesandconsequentlymakestheworkshinewithyouthandvigorconstantly.Thehumanismspiritin14-16centuriesofEuropeanwasarisingperiodoflifeview,valueandmarriageviewofthenewbourgeoisie.Viewingintheday,therearemanytimelimitationsnaturally.Butittookhumanassubjectivity,demandingcoreideasofrespectingonnatureandvalueandwasnotobsoleteinnowadays.Atpresent,eventhroughthehumanisticspiritlostgreatly,RomeoandJulietstillhavespiritnutritionwhichweneedtolearn.ChapterIVConclusionThepowerofloveissogreatthatbeyondourthinking.Nothingcandividethelovers.Althoughthesocietynotallowedfreeloving,withtruelove,peoplewouldneverretreat.Justliketheheroandtheherointheyneverstoppedstrugglingwiththefeudalemotionandarrangedmarriage.Theyrepresentedthenewopinionsaboutlove.Tosomedegreetheyweremoreindividualabouttheirprivatethinking.Iftheyfellinlovewitheachothertheywouldthrowalltheprejudice.