上高中課件外研必修5m2grammar

GrammarandFunctionModule

2A

Job

Worth

DoingObjectiveTo

review

the

use

of

the

pastsimple

tense,

pastcontinuoustense

and

past

perfecttenseThe

Past

Simple

Tense一般過去時Mozart

was

born

inSalzburg,

Austria.(P22,B2)Helearned

toplay

theharpsichordwhen

he

was

four.

(P22,

B2)As

he

grew

older,

he

began

to

go

deaf.(P22,B2)But

not

everybody

wanted

to

userockets

in

battles.

(P39,

B4)Are

you

familiar

with

these

sentences?Theyareall

fromthepassages

we’velearnt.We

decided

to

buy

tickets

for

the Jiangyou

boat.

(P42,

B4)We

left

the

docks

on

a

beautiful afternoon.

(P42,

B4)No

one

asked

him

to

do

the

job,

and

noone

pays

him

for

it.

(P13,B5)Before

he

volunteered

to

direct

traffic,Timoteo

had

had

lots

of

jobs.(P13,B5)He

was

driving

a

lorry

when

he

came

offthe

road.(P13,B5)

He

realised

that

he

was

lucky

to

bealive

himself.(P13,B5)(begin)togodeaf.Mozart

was

born

(bear)inSalzburg,Austria.He

learned

(learn)toplaytheharpsichord

when

he

was

four.3.

Ashe

grew(grow)

older,

he

beganBut

not

everybody

wanted

(want)

touse

rockets

in

battles.We decided

(decide)

to

buy

ticketsfor

the

Jiangyou

boat.goReady?We

left

(leave)

the

docks

on

abeautiful

afternoon.No

one

asked

(ask)

him

to

do

thejob,and

no

one

pays

him

for

it.Before

he

volunteered

(volunteer)todirect

traffic,

Timoteo

had

had

lots

of

jobs.He

was

driving

alorry

when

he

came

(come)

off

the

road.He

realised

(realise)

that

he

was

luckyto

bealivehimself.以上我們已經(jīng)通過歸納總結(jié)和練習(xí)對本課的語法內(nèi)容有了一定的了解，下面就讓我們根據(jù)之前練習(xí)的考察情

況進一步選擇講解

該語法項的重難點。一般過去時主要表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或情況（包括習(xí)慣性動作）。構(gòu)成:Tom

came

to

China

last

year.He

was

a

student3

years

ago.They

were

all

at

home

yesterday.1.

謂語為一般動詞時:主語+動詞過去式+其他2.

謂語為be

動詞時:主語+be

(was,were)+其他常見時間狀語：yesterday,the

day

beforeyesterday,in

the

past,last

night/week/month/year…,

hour/days/…ago.有些情況，發(fā)生的時間不很清楚，但實際上是過去發(fā)生的，應(yīng)當(dāng)用

過去時。What

did

you

say?你說什么？Pardon?

I

didn’t

catch

it.你能重復(fù)一遍嗎？我沒聽清。Ⅰ.單項選擇1.

—

Sorry,

but

your

address

again,

please.

I

catchit.—

It’s

28

Zhongshan

Road.A.

didn’tC.

won’tB.don’tD.

wouldn’t2.

—Did

you

wait

for

your

father

verylong?—Yes,I

to

bed

until

two

in

themorning.A.

didgoC.

had

goneB.didn’tgoD.

went3.

—

Tom

didn’t

go

to

see

the

film

withyou

last

night,

did

he?—

.A.

No,

he

didC.

Yes,

he

didB.

No,

he

doesn’tD.

Yes,

he

didn’t4.

—

Excuse

me.

Look

at

the

sign:

NOSMOKING!—Sorry,I

it.A.

don’t

seeC.

haven’t

seenB.

didn’t

seeD.

won’t

seeⅡ.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。He

visited

(visit)

the

Great

Walllastsummer.We

had

(have)

a

good

time

yesterday.We

often

went

(go)

to

school

by

bikelastyear.I

lived

(live)inthevillagewhen

I

was

achild.Mike

saw

(see)

abig

tiger

inthenaturepark

last

week.Sam

did

(do)

the

houseworkyesterday.

Did

(do)

you

enjoy

(enjoy)yourselfyesterday?I

ate

(eat)abighamburger

yesterday.I

watched

(watch)

a

cartoon

onSaturday.Her

father

read

(read)

a

novel

last night.

Did

you

visit

(visit)yourrelatives

last

Spring

Festival?The

PastContinuousTense過去進行時Amateur

astronomer

David

Bates

waslooking

at

the

moon

throughhistelescope

last

night

when

he

got

a

bigsurprise.

(P45,B2)While

she

was

waiting

for

a

taxioutside

the

studio,

she

met

SamParrish,

who

is

two

metres

tall.

(P45,

B2)Are

you

familiar

with

these

sentences?Theyareall

fromthepassages

we’velearnt.They

were

getting

out

of

aspaceship.(P45,B2)When

hewas

orbiting

in

thecapsule,he

took

photographs

of

planet

earth.(P43,B2)The

sun

was

shinning

brightly

as

we

sailed

downstream

through

a

hilly

region. (P42,B4)The

Chinese

flag

wasblowing

in

the

wind.(P42,B4)The

soldiers

were

walking

along

theside

of

thelake.

(P52,B4)A

third

report

came

from

Li

Xiaohe, who

wasvisiting

the

lake

with

his family.

(P52,

B4)Hewas

driving

alorrywhen

he

came

offthe

road.(P13,

B5)Back

in

the

kitchen

the

assistant

cookwas

crying.(P14,

B5)1.

Amateur

astronomer

David

Batesoutside

the

studio,

she

met

Sam

Parrish,

was

looking

at

(look

at)

the

moon

throughhis

telescope

last

night

when

he

got

a

bigsurprise.2.

While

she

was

waiting

for

(wait

for)

a

taxi3.

They

were

getting

out

of

(get

out

of)aspaceship.Whenhe was

orbiting

(orbit)inthecapsule,

he

took

photographs

of

planet

earth.Thesun was

shinning

(shine)brightlyaswe

sailed

downstream

through

a

hilly

region.who

is

two

metrRegs

toealal.

dy?The

Chinese

flag

was

blowing

(blow)

inthe

wind.The

soldiers

were

walking

along

(walkalong)

the

side

of

the

lake.A

third

report

came

from

Li

Xiaohe,

who was

visiting

(visit)

the

lake

with

hisfamily.He

wasdriving

(drive)

a

lorry

when

hecame

off

the

road.Back

in

the

kitchen

the

assistant

cook

was

crying

(cry).以上我們已經(jīng)通過歸納總結(jié)和練習(xí)對本課的語法內(nèi)容有了一定的了解，下面就讓我們根據(jù)之前練習(xí)的考察情

況進一步選擇講解

該語法項的重難點。過去進行時表示過去某一時刻或一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作，常和表示過去時間的詞組或從句連用。構(gòu)成:肯定句:主語+was/were+v.-ing否定句:主語+wasn’t/weren’t+v.-ing疑問句:Was/Were

+主語+v.-ing?Yes,主語+was/were.No,主語+wasn’t/weren’t.過去進行時表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作，常和表過去的時間狀語連用，如:atthistimeyesterday/

at

9:00

lastnight等。What

were

you

doing

at

this

timeyesterday?昨天這個時候你正在做什么？表示過去某一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作。We

were

watching

TV

from

seven

to

ninelastnight.我們昨晚從七點到九點一直在看電視。過去進行時與always,

constantly,frequently等詞連用，表示說話人的贊美、厭煩等情緒

The

two

boys

were

frequently

quarreling,which

made

their

parents

worried.這兩個男孩經(jīng)常爭吵,這使他們的父母擔(dān)心。was/were

doing…when…

正在做……這時……The

students

were

playing

an

interestinggame

whenthe

bell

rang.當(dāng)鈴聲響的時候，學(xué)生們正在玩一個有趣的游戲。Mary

was

making

a

dress

when

she

cuther

finger.(was

making表示正在做衣服的過程，如用

made則表示這一動作已結(jié)束，做衣服的動作已結(jié)束與cut

her

finger就沒有聯(lián)系)1.過去進行時著重描述當(dāng)時正在持續(xù)進行的動作，它的特點是：暫時，持續(xù)和未完成，強調(diào)過程；一般過去時表示發(fā)生過的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，即表示動作發(fā)生過，而且已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，強調(diào)結(jié)果。He

was

writingall

night

lastnight.（生動的描寫，他一直寫……）He

wrote

something

last

night.（說明他寫了……的事實）2.過去進行時側(cè)重表示動作延長的時間長度；一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生過某事，側(cè)重說明事實。注：下列幾類動詞通常不用過去進行時。①表示狀態(tài)的動詞be；②感官動詞：feel,

hear,see,smell,taste等；③表示思維或心理狀態(tài)的動詞：forget,consider,

know,

remember,

hope,

wish,want,

believe（認為）等；④表示所屬關(guān)系的動詞：belong,have,own,

hold（容納）等。Ⅰ.單項選擇1.What

from

three

to

fouryesterday

afternoon?A.

have

you

doneC.

didyoudoB.

had

you

doneD.

were

you

doing2.—I

calledyouyesterdayevening,butthere

was

no

answer.—Oh,I’msorryI

dinner

at

myfriend’s

home.A.

homeC.

washavingB.hadD.

havehadMymother

whilemyfather

TV.cooked;was

watchingwas

cooking;

waswatchingwas

cooked;

watchedcooked;watchedWhenIgothome,myson

the music.am

listeningto B.

listenedtoC.

was

listening

to D.

was

listeningⅡ.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。I

was

playing

(play)

computer

games

attenlastnight.Jim’s

family

were

having

(have)

supperwhen

I

camein.It

wasraining

(rain)

hard

at

thistimeyesterday.What

were

you

doing

(do)whileI

was

making

(make)

a

model

plane?He

was

just

leaving

(leave)

when

thetelephonerang.The

Past

PerfectTense過去完成時He

had

hadlotsof

jobs.By

nine

o’clock

last

night,

we

had

got200

pictures

from

the

spaceship.I

had

been

at

the

bus

stop

for

20minutes

when

a

bus

finallycame.I

returned

the

book

that

Ihad

borrowed.Are

you

familiar

with

these

sentences?Theyareall

fromthepassages

we’velearnt.Other

composers

had

writtensymphonies

before

Haydn,

but

hechanged

the

symphony

into

a

longpiece

for

a

large

orchestra.

(p22,

B2)By

the

time

he

was

14,

Mozart

hadcomposed

many

pieces

for

theharpsichord,

piano

and

violin,

as

wellas

for

orchestras.

(p23,

B2)After

they

had

known

eachother

formany

years,

Beethoven

said,

“He

is

agood

composer,

but

he

has

taught

menothing.”

(p23,B2)go(get)

200

pictures

from

the

spaceship.(be)

at

the

bus

stop

for

20He

had

had

(have)lotsofjobs.By

nine

o’clock

last

night,

we

had

got3.I

hadbeenminutes

when

a

bus

finallycame.4.

I

returned

the

book

that

I

had

borrowed(borrow).5.

Other

composers

had

written

(write)symphonies

before

Haydn,

but

hechanged

the

symphony

into

a

longpiecefor

alarge

orchestra.Ready?By

thetime

he

was

14,

Mozart

had

composed

(compose)manypiecesforthe

harpsichord,

piano

and

violin,

as

wellas

for

orchestras.After

they

had

known

(know)eachother

for

manyyears,Beethovensaid,“He

is

a

good

composer,

but

hehastaughtmenothing.”以上我們已經(jīng)通過歸納總結(jié)和練習(xí)對本課的語法內(nèi)容有了一定的了解，下面就讓我們根據(jù)之前練習(xí)的考察情

況進一步選擇講解

該語法項的重難點。By

yesterdayeveningshe

hadfinishedreading

the

book.到昨天晚上，她已讀完了那本書。

When

I

came

to

Shanghai,he

hadbeenthere

for

a

long

time.我去上海時，他在那里已呆了很長時間了。過去完成時表示在過去發(fā)生動作之前已經(jīng)完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，即“過去的過去”。構(gòu)成：主語+had+過去分詞(done)They

have

lived

here

for

twentyyears.他們住在這二十年了。（“住”從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作用現(xiàn)在完成時）We

have

lived

in

Beijing

since

we

cameChina.自我們來中國就住在北京了。（“住”是從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作用現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時著眼于現(xiàn)在，強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的某動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果，或是由過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。過去完成時則主要體現(xiàn)過去發(fā)生的兩動作的先后有別，表達的是“過去的過

去”，即比過去發(fā)生的某動作都還要

“過去”，兩動作中先發(fā)生的就用過去完成時，后發(fā)生的則只用一般過去時。運用過去完成時的句子往往有兩過去的時間或動作。Mr.

Smith

had

lived

in

London

for

tenyears

before

he

came

toChina.史密斯先生在來中國之前就已經(jīng)在倫敦住過十年了。（“來”中國已成過去，而先前

“住”在紐約就是過去的過去）We

had

learned

2000

words

by

the

end

oflastterm.在上學(xué)期期末，我們就已經(jīng)學(xué)了2000個單詞。（“上學(xué)期期末”已過去，而在其前

“學(xué)”就是過去的過去）Ⅰ.單項選擇1.I

900

English

words

by

thetime

I

was

ten.A.

learnedC.

had

learnedB.

was

learningD.

learnt2.

By

the

time

my

parents

reached

homeyesterday,I

thedinner

already.A.

had

cookedC.

havecookedB.cookedD.

was

cookedⅡ.

Complete

these

sentences

with

the

verbs

inbrackets.1.

Unfortunately,

he

arrived

(arrive)

at

theshow

after

I

had

left

.

(leave)By

the

time

we

arrived

(arrive)

at

the stadium,

the

band

had

begun

(begin) playing.Fortunately,

the

power

cut

happened(happen)

after

the

fans

had

left

(leave)the

stadium.Before

he

made

(make)

his

latest

album, he

had

recorded

(record)

some

songswith

PaulMcCartney.復(fù)習(xí)下列時態(tài)：一般過去時The

Past

Simple

Tense過去進行時The

Past

Continuous

Tense過去完成時The

Past

Perfect

Tense漢譯英1.

他上周在巴黎。昨天早上9點鐘你在干什么?瑪麗在跳舞，而彼得在彈鋼琴。我見到老師的時候她正在和家長們談話。他們來賓館之前就已經(jīng)吃過飯了。他直到把工作做完之后才睡覺。AnswersHe

was

in

Parislastweek.What

were

you

doing

at

9o’clock yesterday

morning?Mary

was

dancing

while

Peter

wasplaying

the

piano.The

teacher

was

talking

to

someparentswhen

I

sawher.They

had

already

had

breakfast

beforethey

arrived

at

the

hotel.He

didn’t

go

to

beduntil

he

hadfinishedthe

work.1.

We

arrived

at

work

in

the

morningandfoundthatsomebody

intothe

office

during

the

night.A.

broke B.

had

brokenC.

has

broken D.

was

breaking2.

—

That

must

have

been

a

long

trip.—Yeah,it

us

a

whole

week

togetthere.A.

takesC.

tookB.

has

takenD.

was

taking3.

—

What

amistake!—Yes.I

his

doing

it

another

way,but

without

success.A.

was

suggestingC.

wouldsuggestB.

will

suggestD.

had

suggested4.In1942,Columbus

on

one

of

theBahama

islands,

but

he

mistook

it

foran

island

off

India.A.

landsC.

has

landedB.landedD.

had

landed5.

The

manager

is

said

to

have

arrivedbackfromPariswherehe

someEuropean

business

partners.A.

would

meetC.

meetsB.ismeetingD.

had

met6.

Themanager

was

concerned

tohearthattwoofhistrustedworkers

.A.

willleaveC.

have

leftB.

are

leavingD.

were

leaving7.Thethreeofus

aroundEurope

for

about

a

month

lastsummer.A.

traveledC.

had

traveledB.

have

traveledD.

travel8. —Did

you

catchwhat

Isaid?—Sorry.I

a

text

message

justnow.A.

hadansweringC.

wouldanswerB.

have

answeredD.

was

answering—

I

don’t

understand

why

you

didn’t go

to

the

lectureyesterday afternoon.—I’msosorry.ButI

myhomework.haddone B.

was

doingC.

would

do D.

amdoing10.

He

was

unhappy

when

he

sold

hisguitar.Afterall,he

it

for

a

verylong

time.A.

has

hadC.

hasB.

had

hadD.

had11.

I

felt

very

tired

when

I

got

home,

andI

straighttobed.A.

goC.

had

goneB.wentD.

have

gone12.We

very

early

so

we

packedthe

night

before.A.

leaveC.

were

leavingB.

had

leftD.

have

left13.Thetwins,who

their

homework,wereallowed

to

play

badminton

on

theplayground.A.

willfinishC.

havefinishedB.finishD.

had

finished14.

I

found

the

lecture

hard

to

followbecauseit

whenIarrived.A.

startedC.

would

startB.

was

startingD.

hadstarted15.

—

Haven’t

seen

youfor

ages!

Wherehave

youbeen?—

I

went

to

Ningxia

and

therefor

one

year,

teaching

as

a

volunteer.A.

stayedC.

had

stayedB.stayD.

amstaying16.

Writing

out

all

the

invitations

by

handwas

more

time-consuming

than

we.A.

willexpectC.

expectB.

are

expectingD.

had

expectedDuring

his

stay

in

Xi’an,

Jerrytriedalmost

all

the

local

foods

his

friends

.would

mendhad

mendedhave

mendedwere

mendingShe

someone,

so

I

nodded

toher

and

went

away.A.

phonedC.

was

phoningB.

had

phonedD.

has

phoned19.

Sofia

looked

around

at

all

the

faces:

shehadtheimpressionthatshe

mostofthe

guests

before.A.

has

seenC.

sawB.

had

seenD.

would

see20.

James

has

just

arrived,

but

I

didn’tknow he

untilyesterday.A.

will

come

B.

was

comingC.

hadcome D.

came閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容(不多于3個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Once

upon

a

time

there

was

aprecioussword

belonging

to

a

great

king.

One

day,agreat

dispute

broke

out

(breakout)betweenthe

king

and

a

neighboring

country.

It

finally

turned

into

(turninto)awar.Thesword

was

(be)greatlyexcitedbecause

he

could

take

part

in

his

first

realbattle.

He

would

show

everyone

howbraveand

special

he

was.

Hewould efamousfor

itspower

throughout

the

kingdom.On

the

way

to

the

front

line,

the

sword

imagined

(imagine)

himself

as

thewinnerof

many

battles.

However,

when

he

arrived,the

war had

ended

(end),andtheswordgot

to

see

the

result

of

the

war.

What

he

saw

h(ahdave)

nothing

in

common

with

hisimagination.Everything was

cover(ecdover)with

blood

and

disgusting

smell.

Manysoldierswerehalf-deadand

(lliaey)

onthe

ground,

bleeding

from

wounds...

Theswordrealizedhe didn’t

li(kneot

like)wars.Function“情態(tài)動詞＋have＋過去分詞”的用法英語中,表示對過去某種情況進行推測或?qū)σ寻l(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)進行推測時,常用情態(tài)動詞must,

may

(might),can(