2021屆寧?？h躍龍中學(xué)高三英語一模試題及參考答案

2021屆寧?？h躍龍中學(xué)高三英語一模試題及參考答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項AItrulythoughtthatImightdiethatday.HadInotseenthreebearsandafewwolvesoverthelastcoupleofdaysneartheroad,Imighthavejustlaindownandcalleditquits.WhatintheworldwasIthinking,draggingmybikeuptoYellowstoneandthinkingIcouldridefromWestYellowstonetoOldFaithfulinthesnow?Noless!Ihadplannedthistripformorethantwomonths,andIwasn'tabouttogiveupsoeasily.Thefirstfewmileswerebeautiful.Tenmilesin,Istartedsuckingwind.Fifteenmilesandmylegsfeltliketheyweremadeoflead.Bytwentymiles,mylungswereburningandfeltliketherewasnothingleftinthetank.ThatwaswhenIturnedaroundandsawmyhusbandandthreechildrencheeringmeoninthevanbehindme.IknewIcouldn'tquitbecauseItellmychildrenallthetimethatjustbecausesomethingisharddoesn'tmeanthatyoustopdoingit.IhadtolivewhatI'dbeenpreaching（說教）.Thatthoughtgotmeupthatmountainandtotheendoftheride.Theimportanceofthatridewasapparentafteronlyaweek.Myeight-year-olddaughterEmaleewantedtorideinatwelve-milecharityride.Thatdaywascoldaswell.Shewastheyoungestrider.Aboutfourmilesintotheride,shestartedfeelingcold.Thechill（寒冷）wasmakinghermusclescrampalittleandshebegantostruggle.Bysixmiles,shehadtearsrunningdownherface.Itbrokemyhearttoseehersufferinglikethat.Itoldherthatshedidn'thavetofinish.Shesaidthatshewouldn'tquit.ItoldherhowIhadwantedtoquittheweekbefore,butperseverancehadgottenmetotheendandIknewshecoulddoit,too.Thelookonherfaceasshepulledintothefinishwaspriceless.Shethrewherarmsaroundmeandsaid,“Youdidn'tquit,Mommy,soneitherdidI.”Whatmotivatedtheauthortofinishherride?Herfamily'sencouragement.Herowninstructionforchildren.Thebeautifulsceneryandweather.Thecarefulandthoroughpreparation.BydescribingtheconditionsEmaleemet,theauthorwantedto .showherguiltforherdaughterprovethatridingisatoughtaskpersuadeherdaughtertogiveupindicateshewasproudofEmaleeWhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusaccordingtothestory?Neversaydie.Donothingbyhalves.Childrenarewhatthemothersare.Everymother'schildishandsome.BGettingdrunkonicecreamusedtobethestuffofdreams,butthankstoWillRogers,inventorandownerofWDSDessertStationsinHinkley,Illinois,ithasbecomeadeliciousreality.TheBelowZeroicecreammachineusesauniquetechniquetofreezealcohol,whichallowsyoutoturnbeers,cocktailsandevenspirits（烈酒）intodelicioussoft—serveicecream.Rogerswastryingtocreateahighly—caffeinatedespressoicecreamflavorwhenherealizedhecouldusethesametechniquewithalcoholicbeverages.HestartedexperimentingwithvariousgumsandstabilizerscommonlyusedintheicecreamindustryandeventuallypatentedsomethingcalledtheNEAgel.It’sthismagicalconcoction（調(diào)制品）thatallowsthealcoholtofreezetoanearsolidinsidetheBelowZeroicecreammachine.EventhoughBelowZerochangesthetexture（質(zhì)地）ofbeer,cocktailsandevenspirits,essentiallyturningthemintosoft—serveicecream,itdoesnotaffectthealcoholcontentatall.TheABV（酒精度）remainsexactlythesame,whichmeansyoucangetdrunkonice—creamjustasyouwouldonthesameconcoctionsinliquidform.WillRogersclaimsthatittakesaround30minutesforbeertogofromliquidtoicecreamform,buthigheralcoholcontentdrinkstakelonger.Essentially,thehigherthealcohollevel,thelongerthewait.TheAmericaninventorplanstosellBelowZeroicecreammachinestobarsandbrewerieswantingtosurprisetheirpatrons.Metroreportsthatmachineswillsellforabout6,000.What’sthenameofthemachinewhichcanchangebeerandspiritsintoicecream?A.WillRogers B.WDSDessertStationsC.Hinkley D.BelowZeroWhatmakesalcoholtofreezetoanearsolidinsidethemachine?A.gums. B.stabilizers. C.NEAgel. D.ABV.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Themachinecanchangeallliquidsintoicecream.Ittakes20minutesforbeertochangeintoicecream.Thehigherthealcohollevel,theshorterthewaitwillbe.Themachinechangesthetextureofbeer,cocktailsandevenspirits.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?Themachineaffectsthealcoholcontent.Youcangetdrunkifyouhaveice—creamsmadefromspirits.TheAmericaninventordoesn’twanttosellthemagicalmachine.Barsandbrewerieswillnotbecomepotentialbuyersofthemachine.CManyofusinChinaenjoyaddingchilies（辣椒）toourfood,butdidyouknowthatthisspicyvegetablecouldalsobedangerous?A34-year-oldUSmanrecentlyendedupinhospitalaftereatingaCarolinaReaper—thespiciestchiliintheworld.Aftertakingjustasinglebiteofone,themansufferedfromseriousheadachesinthefollowingfewdays,reportedBBCNews.Infact,reportsofstomachacheandheadachecausedbyeatingspicyfoodarenotsomethingunusual.Butifchiliesareharmful,whyisitthathumanbeingsaretheonlyanimalstoeatthisvegetable?AccordingtothewebsiteHuanqiu,about600millionChinesepeople—almosthalfofthenationalpopulation—arechilieaters.Sowhatmakespeoplelovechiliessomuch?Thehumanbodyreactstotheburningfeelingthatcomesfromeatingchiliesbyreleasingnaturalchemicalsthat“produceasenseofhappiness”,notedBBCNews.Andthebenefitsgoevenfurtherthanjustpersonalenjoyment.AsurveyconductedbytheChineseAcademyofMedicalSciencesfoundthatthedeathrateofthosewhoeatspicyfoodonceortwiceaweekis10percentlowerthanthosewhoeatitlessthanonceaweek.Thenumberdecreasedto14percentforthosewhoeatspicyfoodsixtoseventimesaweek.AndanotherstudydonebytheUniversityofVermontcametoasimilarconclusion.“Thedataencouragespeopletoeatmorespicyfoodtoimprovehealthandreducedeathriskatanearlyage,”LiuQi,anutritionistattheHarvardTHChanSchoolofPublicHealth,toldBBCNews.Chilieshaveanti-cancerqualityandtheabilitytoincreaseourmetabolism（新陳代謝）.So,don'tworryifyoulovespicyfood.Itseemsthatchiliesareactuallygoodforus—exceptfortheCarolinaReaper,perhaps.Theexampleofa34-year-oldAmericanismentionedinParagraph1toprove .A.chiliescanbebeneficial B.chiliesarepopularinAmericaC.chiliescanbedangerous D.seriousheadachescanbedangerousEatingchiliesgivespeopleasenseofhappinessby .A.decreasingdeathrate B.releasingnaturalchemicalsC.curingseriousheadaches D.providingenoughnutritionWhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?Humanaretheonlyanimalstoeatchilies.Stomachacheandheadachescausedbychiliesissomethingunusual.Themorechiliesyoueat,thehealthieryouare.Chilieshaveanti-cancerqualitybutitcan'tincreaseourmetabolism.Thewriterwrotethepassageto .A.warnpeopleofthedangersofchilies B.askpeopletoeatCarolinaReaperC.encouragepeopletoeatmorechilies D.tellpeoplethebenefitsofchiliesDThehealthbenefitsofstayingactivearealreadywell-known.Itcanhelpyoumanageweight,keepbloodsugarlevelsdownandreduceriskfactorsforheartdisease.Now,anewstudysuggeststhatregularlyplayingsports,especiallybadmintonortennis,isnotonlyhealthybutalsoreducesyourriskofdeath,atanyage,byapproximately50%.Thisisabigscalepopulationstudytoexplorethehealthbenefitsofsportsintermsofdeathrate.Thestudyevaluatedresponsesfrom80,306adultsaged30andaboveinEnglandandScotland,whoweresurveyedabouttheirhealth,lifestyleandexercisepatterns.Afteradjustingfactorssuchasage,sex,weight,smokinghabits,alcoholuse,educationandotherformsofexercisebesidesthenamedsports,theresearcherscomparedtheriskofdeathamongpeoplewhotookpartinasporttothosewhodidn’t.Thepercentageofreducedriskofdeathwasfoundtobe:47%forracket（球拍）sports,28%forswimmingand15%forcycling.Inadditiontothis,thestudydidn’tfindanysignificantreductionintheriskforsportslikerunningandfootball.Thefindingsalsoexposedthatover44%oftheparticipantsmettheguidelinesfortherecommendedexerciselevelstostayfitandhealthy,whichamountsto150minutesofmoderate（適度的）physicalactivityinaweek.Doesthismeanyoustoprunningorplayingfootballandswitchtotennisinstead?Everykindofsportandphysicalactivityhasdifferentphysical,socialandmentalbenefitsattachedtoit.Theapparentlackofbenefitsofrunningandfootballcouldresultfromseveralvariablesthatwerenottakenintoaccount.Beingactivehelpsyoufeelhappierandlivelonger.So,themostimportantstepistotakepartinanykindofsportthatyouarelikelytoenjoyandfollowinthelongterm.Howisthestudyconducted?A.Bydoingcomparativeexperiments. B.Byanalyzingpreviousdata.C.Byevaluatingsurveyinformation. D.Bytrackingparticipantsforalongtime.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thenamedsports”referto?A.Ballsports. B.Racketsports.C.Individualsports. D.Traditionalsports.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph5?A.Fewpeoplewillplayfootball. B.Tenniswillbecomemorepopular.C.Theresultofthisstudyiswrong. D.Thestudyneedstobefurtherimproved.Whatdoestheauthoradvisepeopletodo?A.Sticktoanysportthatyoulike. B.Playbadmintonandtennisonly.C.Stoprunningandplayingfootball. D.Doanysportaccordingtoguidelines.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項LifestyleHabitstoReduceStressAlittlebitofstressisgood,andnecessaryforsurvival,butseriousorcontinuingstresscanincreasetheriskforstress-relateddiseases,includingdepression,cancerandothers. 16 Here'showtostartmakinghealthychangestoreduceyourstresslevels.Findahobbyyouenjoy 17 Anythingthattakesyouawayfromday-to-dayconcernsishelpfulforloweringstresslevels.Thekeyistofocusonwhatyouaredoingtoblockouttherestofwhatisgoingon.AvoidstrictdietingIfyouarecuttingdowncaloriestoomuchinordertoloseyourweight,youmayactuallybedoingyourbodyharm.Eatingenoughcarbohydratesisimportant,sincetheyencouragethebraintomakeserotonin,whichhasacalmingeffectinthebody. 18 Doingsocancausedropsinbloodsugar,whichcanworsenstress.EnjoynatureGettingoutsideandspendingsometimeinnaturecanhelprelievestress,improveyourmoodandincreasefeelingsofhappinessandwell-being. 19 Beingneargreenspacesinparticularhasbeenassociatedwithreducedstress,andisassociatedwithreducedsymptomsofanxietyanddepression.Seeksupportandconnection 20 It'sthroughoursocialconnectionsthatwekeepourstresslevelsdown.Ifyoucan'tbewithafriendorlovedoneinperson,aphonecallorZoommeetingcanhelpyoustayconnected.Nowthatyouhavethesetips,let'sgetstarted.Pickonestrategytostartwiththisweek,andthenaddanotheronethefollowingweek.Putremindersonyourcalendarsoyouwillhaveyourownpersonalizedweek—by—weekplanforfightingagainststress.Humansaremeanttobesocial.Playingyourfavoritetunescanreducestresslevels.It'salsoimportanttoavoidlongperiodswithoutfood.Feelingcalmerandsleepingbetteraresomeofthebenefits.Thatcanmeanpracticinganinstrument,paintingorcooking.Researchhasshownnumeroushealthbenefitsfrombeinginnature.It'sunbelievablyimportantforoursenseofwell-beingtomanagestress.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項OnJuly24,1916,anaturalgasexplosiontrapped32menworkinginatunnel250feetbelowLakeErie.Thefirstrescuerswhoenteredthetunnelwere___21___bygas,andforhoursnooneelsedaredtoenterthesuffocating（窒息的）,___22___deathtrap.Then,latethatnight,someonehadanidea:___23___GarrettMorganandhisnewinvention.GarrettMorganwasasuccessful___24___ownerinCleveland.Thesonoffreedslavesandtheseventhof11children,mechanicallymindedMorganhadopenedhisownsewingmachineshop,whichhesoon___25___toatailoringfactorywith32employees.Intheearly1900s,factorybuildingswerecrowdedanduntidy.Theywereoften___26___ofwood,withnofireescapes.Firecouldcauseserious___27___.Concernedabouthisemployees,Morgan___28___witha“safetyhood（頭罩）thatwouldallowthewearerto___29___despiteafire’spoisonoussmoke.Morganknewsmokerisesduringafire. 30 ,hecreatedaheat-resistanthoodwithalongtubereachingtothefloor.WearingMorgan’shood,afirefightercouldbreathethe 31 airnearthe 32 Morganlinedthebreathingtubewithasponge-likematerialthatwaswettedbeforeuseto 33 theair.Asecondtubewasdesignedto 34 exhaled（呼出的）air.Calledtothesceneonthenightofthetunnelexplosion,Garrettarrivedwithsamplesofhissafetyhood.Stillintheirnightwear,heandhisbrotherFrankputonthehoodsand 35 enteredthetunnel.Itwasadangerous 36 oftheinvention,buttheysavedtwolivesand 37 fourbodiesbeforeofficialsclosedthe 38 .Morganknewthatmorelivesmighthavebeensavedifhehadbeencalledsooner.Thedaring 39 madeMorganfamousandbroughtrequestsforsafetyhoodsfromfiredepartmentsaroundthecountry.Buthisgreatest 40 wasknowingthathisinventionwouldnowsavemorepeople.21.A.litB.poweredC.overcomeD.overheated22.A.changeableB.remarkableC.cautiousD.poisonous23.A.showoffB.sendforC.ruleoutD.takeaway24.A.factoryB.slaveC.restaurantD.store25.A.declinedB.decidedC.expandedD.exported26.A.afraidB.trueC.consistedD.made27.A.businessB.damageC.illnessD.doubts28.A.experimentedB.associated C.equippedD.struggled29.A.existB.communicateC.breatheD.listen30.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.AnywayD.Besides31.A.cleanerB.thickerC.colderD.warmer32.A.ceilingB.groundC.roofD.window33.A.feelB.trapC.coolD.heat34.A.putonB.getoffC.polluteD.release35.A.unwillinglyB.bravelyC.graduallyD.simply36.A.taskB.testC.gameD.part37.A.overlookedB.identifiedC.recoveredD.buried38.A.gapB.caseC.dealD.site39.A.rescueB.attemptC.reformD.escape40.A.fortuneB.comfortC.achievementD.reward第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Withover1.4billionpeople,Chinahastheworld’slargestpopulation,butoneofthesmallestsurnamepools.Incontrast,theUnitedStates 41. （report）tohave6.3millionsurnamesinits2010census（人口普查）.Sowhatisit 42. leadstothisvastdifference?It’s 43. （part）becauseofthedifferenceinlanguage.Youcan’tjustaddastroke（筆畫）toaChinesecharacterandcreateanewsurname.Technologyisalsoafactoratplay.Werelyontechnologyon 44. dailybasis.Thesystemsthatprocessourinformationrelyona 45. （limit）listofstandardizedChinesecharacters, 46. meansthatthosewithrarecharactersintheirsurnamesmayfindusingthistechnologydifficult.Itcausesthem 47. （change）theirlastnamesoutofconvenience.Meanwhile,the 48. （lose）ofcertainsurnamesovertimeisanaturally 49. （occur）phenomenon.GivenChina’slonghistory,ithaslostmorenamesovertime,comparedtoyoungercountries. 50. ,thisphenomenonisstillonethatChinesepeoplearestrugglingwithinthedigitalage.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（回），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。TheremaybetwomainlyreasonsforthepopularityofEnglishinChinainrecentyear:theeconomicreformandtheopenpolicy.Withthedevelopmentofinternationaltradeandco-operation,Englishastheinternationallanguageplayamoreandmoreimportantrole.ThedemandforpeopleknownEnglishisincreasing.Thelabormarketneedsyoutodobusinesswithforeigncompanies,toopenforeignmarkets,andtolearntouseupadvancedtechnologyfromabroad.Theyarealsoneededtoparticipateinternationalaffairs.UniversitystudentswhoEnglishlevelishighareeasilyemployedandwellpay.ThisencouragespeopletolearnEnglish.第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）52.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Fourmenoncecametoawetplaceintheroadlessforesttofish.Theycasttheirtentuponpine-clothedrocks.Onsweet-smellingbranchestheysleptthesleepofunsuccessfulfishermen,forthesunmadethemlazyandtherainmadethemwetinturn.Finallytheyatethelastbitofbaconandthelastwonderfulcake.Immediatelyalittlemanvolunteeredtostayandholdthecampwhiletheremainingthreeshouldgomilestoafarmhouseforsupplies.Theylookedathimdismally（沮喪地