英語(yǔ)中考備考八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Modules7～9

八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Modules7～9Ⅰ.單詞記憶【核心速記】1.______(v.)跟隨;緊跟2._____(conj.)當(dāng)……的時(shí)候3.____(v.)降落(或跳落、跌落)到地面(或水面上)4.____(adj.)干的;干燥的5.___(v.)(使)碰撞6.____(adj.)高興的;歡喜的followwhilelanddryhitglad7._____(v.)爬;攀爬8.____(v.)躲;躲藏9._______(n.&v.)增大;增長(zhǎng)10._______(n.)垃圾;廢棄物11.______(adj.)公共的;公眾的climbhideincreaserubbishpublic【構(gòu)詞串記】1.two(num.)→_____(adv.)兩次2.deep(adj.)→______(adv.)深深地→_____(n.)深度3.appear(v.)→__________(n.)出現(xiàn);露面

→_________(v.)消失4.bad(adj.)→_____(比較級(jí)adj.)更糟的

→_____(adv.)壞地5.noise(n.)→_____(adj.)嘈雜的

→______(adv.)喧鬧地twicedeeplydepthappearancedisappearworsebadlynoisynoisily6.report(n.)→________(n.)記者7.five(num.)

→____(num.)第五8.quiet(adj.)

→______(adv.)寂靜地9.pollute(v.)

→________(n.)污染10.serve(v.)

→______(n.)服務(wù)11.solve(v.)

→_______(n.)解決辦法reporterfifthquietlypollutionservicesolutionⅡ.短語(yǔ)快譯1.偶爾;一兩次once_______2.考慮think_____3.及時(shí)__time4.從……跌落fall___...5.……的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)therisk__6.注意;留心____attention7.并排地;肩并肩地side___side8.為……做準(zhǔn)備prepare___ortwiceaboutinoffofpaybyfor9.稍等hang___10.(永久)關(guān)閉;關(guān)停close_____11.事實(shí)上______ondowninfactⅢ.句式填寫(xiě)1.“沒(méi)有插畫(huà)也沒(méi)有對(duì)話的書(shū)有什么用?”愛(ài)麗絲想?！癆nd_____isabook___,”thoughtAlice,“withoutpicturesorconversations?”2.對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)天太黑了,什么也看不見(jiàn)。Itwas___darkforher__seeanything.3.當(dāng)她正往下跌落的時(shí)候,她在考慮她的貓。______she__________,she_________________hercat.4.當(dāng)它又咬我的時(shí)候,我正試圖把它撿起來(lái)。___________topickitup_____it___meagain.whatfortootoWhilewasfallingwasthinkingaboutIwastryingwhenbit5.中國(guó)的人口大約為13.7億。________________China__about1.37billion.6.那幾乎是世界人口的五分之一。That’salmost__________theworld’spopulation.7.乘公共汽車(chē)到那里需要一個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間。_______anhour_____therebybus.ThepopulationofisonefifthofIttakestoget

【即時(shí)基礎(chǔ)小測(cè)】Ⅰ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示寫(xiě)出下列單詞1.Wehaveonlyoneearth.Sowemusttryourbesttostopthe________(污染).2.Takethemedicine_____(兩次)adayanddrinkmorewater,andyouwillbebettersoon.3.Theholeis30metres_____(深)andthefrogcan’tjumpoutofit.4.Ithinkthe_________(增長(zhǎng)的)populationisthebiggestproblemintheworldtoday.pollutiontwicedeepincreasing5.Thursdayisthe____(第五)dayintheweek.6.Pleasekeep_____(安靜的),thebabyissleeping.fifthquietⅡ.根據(jù)提示寫(xiě)出下列詞組或句型1.不要和你的朋友肩并肩地騎自行車(chē)。Don’tride___________withyourfriends.2.你為什么坐在桌子上?_____areyousittingonthedesk___?3.我們應(yīng)該更加重視發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)。Weshould____more__________developingagriculture.sidebysideWhatforpayattentionto4.那個(gè)女孩從自行車(chē)上摔了下來(lái),傷了她的腿。Thatgirl______thebikeandhurtherleg.5.我每天花半個(gè)小時(shí)去學(xué)校。_______mehalfanhour_____toschooleveryday.felloffIttakestogo考點(diǎn)一:too...to...太……以至于不能……【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】“too...to”三考點(diǎn)

(1)“too+adj./adv.+to+do

sth.”句型,意為“太……而不能……”。

(2)“too+adj./adv.+to+do

sth.”句型中的動(dòng)詞不定式前加forsb./sth.時(shí),sb./sth.是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。ThisEnglishbookistoodifficultformetoread.這本英語(yǔ)書(shū)太難了,我讀不懂。

(3)“too+adj./adv.+to+do

sth.”句型,可以轉(zhuǎn)化為not...enoughtodosth.和so/such...that...句型,此時(shí)that從句用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。Heistooyoungtodothework.=Heissoyoungthathecan’tdothework.=Heisnotoldenoughtodothework.他太年輕了,不能做這項(xiàng)工作?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①這輛車(chē)太貴了,我買(mǎi)不起。Thecaris___expensiveforme__buy.②Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tdresshimself.(改為同義句)=Theboyis___young__dresshimself.=Theboyisn’t____________dresshimself.toototootooldenoughto考點(diǎn)二:onefifth五分之一【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】英語(yǔ)分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法:(1)用“基數(shù)詞+序數(shù)詞”表示,其中基數(shù)詞表示分子,序數(shù)詞表示分母。分子除用one外,也可用a;如果分子大于1,分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

(2)若它們?cè)诰渥又凶髦髡Z(yǔ),則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞,即與分?jǐn)?shù)所修飾的名詞保持一致。Abouttwothirdsofthestudentsattendedthemeeting.大約2/3的學(xué)生參加了會(huì)議。Threefifthsofthewaterisfromthatlake.五分之三的水來(lái)自那個(gè)湖泊?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】分子基數(shù)詞,分母序數(shù)詞;分子大于1,分母加-s?！緶剀疤崾尽?/2不能說(shuō)a(one)second,而要說(shuō)a(one)half。1/4和3/4可以說(shuō)a(one)fourth或threefourths,但常用aquarter和threequarters表示?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①—Whatdoyouthinkoftheenvironmenthere?—Wonderful!Two_____(five)oftheland__(be)coveredwithtreesandgrass.②Fourfifthsofthestudents___________theexam.五分之四的學(xué)生考試及格了。fifthsishavepassed考點(diǎn)三:noisen.噪聲;雜音【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】“聲音”的不同noise作名詞,專(zhuān)指噪聲和不悅耳的聲音。指刺耳的“噪音”是可數(shù)名詞;作“喧鬧聲”講,是不可數(shù)名詞。前面可用some,much,alotof等修飾voice指人的“嗓音”,如說(shuō)話聲,笑聲,歌聲,也可指鳥(niǎo)兒的鳴叫聲sound作名詞,指自然界各種人耳能聽(tīng)到的聲音I’mafraidsomepeoplecan’tstandthenoise!恐怕有些人不能忍受噪音!Shehasasweetvoice.她有一個(gè)甜美的聲音。Listen!Canyouhearthestrangesound?聽(tīng)!你能聽(tīng)到奇怪的聲音嗎?【圖解助記】【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①(2014·平?jīng)鲋锌?Theboydidn’tsleepwelllastnightbecauseofthe

fromthefactory.A.voice

B.noise

C.music

D.song【解析】選B?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意:那個(gè)男孩因?yàn)閬?lái)自工廠的

昨晚沒(méi)睡好。voice嗓音;noise噪音;music音樂(lè);song歌。根據(jù)句意可知是工廠的噪音。故選B。②(2013·寧波中考)Don’tmakeany_____(噪音)whenyouareinthelibrary.noise考點(diǎn)四:Sheheardtherabbitsay,“Ohdear!Ohdear!I’llbelate!”andshedidnotthinkitwasstrange.她聽(tīng)到兔子開(kāi)口講話說(shuō)“哦,天啊!哦,天啊!我要遲到了!”她

(也)沒(méi)感到奇怪?！局R(shí)構(gòu)建】hearsb.dosth./hearsb.doingsth.

hearsb.dosth.聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做了某事

(動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程或經(jīng)常發(fā)生)hearsb.doingsth.聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人正在做某事

(動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)注意:大多數(shù)的感官動(dòng)詞

(如see,watch,notice,find等)都可以用于這兩種結(jié)構(gòu),但意義并不相同【溫馨提示】在hearsb.dosth.結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),do要改為todo,即sb.beheardtodosth.?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①SheheardTom___(go)upstairsjustnow.②TheteachersawTonygointotheclassroomjustnow.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Tony____seen_____intotheclassroomjustnow.gowastogo考點(diǎn)五:

Whileshewasfalling,shewasthinkingabouthercat,Dinah.當(dāng)她正往下跌落的時(shí)候,她在考慮她的貓,黛娜?！局R(shí)構(gòu)建】(1)此句是由while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,其中while用作連詞,意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”,主句和從句均為進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)在進(jìn)行。

(2)while/when的用法辨析共同點(diǎn)都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”不同點(diǎn)while所引導(dǎo)從句中的動(dòng)詞常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,主從句動(dòng)作若同時(shí)發(fā)生則主從句都用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)when所引導(dǎo)從句中的動(dòng)詞既可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,也可以是非延續(xù)性

(終止性)動(dòng)詞,從句中時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①(2014·河南中考)He’snotaperfectchild.Hesometimestalksback

hisparentstalkwithhim.A.ifB.before

C.when

D.until【解析】選C?？疾檫B詞的用法。句意:他不是一個(gè)完美的孩子。有時(shí)父母和他交談時(shí)他會(huì)頂撞。if意為“如果,是否”;before意為“在……之前”;when意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”;until意為“直到”。由句意,應(yīng)選C。②用when,while填空。Mymotherwascleaningtheroom_____myfatherwascookinginthekitchen_____Igothomeyesterdayevening.whilewhen考點(diǎn)六:

Itwasn’tverypoliteofyoutositdown.你坐下是不太禮貌的。【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】it作形式主語(yǔ)時(shí)常用的兩種句式結(jié)構(gòu):Itis+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.形容詞描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì),如kind,friendly,nice,right,clever,polite,careless,cute等Itis+adj.+forsb.+todosth.形容詞描述事物特征、性質(zhì),如easy,difficult,interesting,funny,dangerous,important,impossible,useful等辨異:It’sinterestingforustoplaygamesinthepark,butIthinkit’simpoliteofustomakesomuchnoise.我們?cè)诠珗@里玩游戲是很有意思,但我覺(jué)得我們這么吵鬧是不禮貌的?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①(2014·安順中考)It’skind

you

helpmewithmyEnglish.A.of;to

B.for;to

C.of;for

D.to;to【解析】選A?？疾榻樵~。題干意思:你真是太好了,幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。由于kind為形容人物性格的形容詞,故用介詞of,而不定式tohelp則為真正的主語(yǔ)。故選A。②

isimpossible

ustofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.A.This;toB.It;of

C.This;for

D.It;for【解析】選D?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。It’s+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是……的。因?yàn)閕mpossible是描述事物的,故選D?！緜溥x要點(diǎn)】考點(diǎn)一:problemn.麻煩;問(wèn)題【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】(1)problem與question的辨析單詞用法problem泛指

(數(shù)學(xué),物理等)難題或待解決的問(wèn)題,常與solve,workout等動(dòng)詞或詞組連用question指有疑問(wèn),有質(zhì)疑,需要“回答”的問(wèn)題,常與answer連用Shespentalldaytryingtosolvethistechnicalproblem.她花了一整天嘗試著解決這個(gè)技術(shù)問(wèn)題。Youcanasktheteacherifyouhavegotanyquestion.如果你有任何問(wèn)題,你可以問(wèn)老師。【一言辨異】Ifthereisaquestion,youneedananswer.Ifthereisaproblem,youneedasolution.

(2)與problem有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)findaproblem發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題faceaproblem面對(duì)問(wèn)題solvetheproblem解決問(wèn)題aseriousproblem

嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題noproblem沒(méi)問(wèn)題;沒(méi)關(guān)系【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①Theyhavesome

gettingthere.A.questions

B.problems

C.question

D.problem【解析】選B。考查詞義辨析。句意:他們想要到達(dá)那里是有一些困難的。此處指的是有待解決的問(wèn)題,故用problem。haveproblems(in)doingsth.做某事有困難。②用problem/question的適當(dāng)形式填空。The________nowisthatwehavelotsof_________blemquestions考點(diǎn)二:haveto不得不【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】haveto與musthaveto表示客觀上的需要,強(qiáng)調(diào)“不得不”。haveto有人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化must情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表示“必須”,后接動(dòng)詞原形;表示主觀意識(shí)必須做某事;must沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化Itisraininghardoutside.Wehavetostayintheclassroom.外面雨下得很大。我們不得不待在教室里。Thechildrenmustbebackby4o’clock.孩子們必須在4點(diǎn)以前回來(lái)?！緶剀疤崾尽縣aveto的否定形式為nothaveto,用法與needn’t一樣;must的否定形式為mustn’t。【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】用must,haveto及其否定式填空。①Asstudents,we_______studyhardtomakeourcountrybecomestronger.②Itisgettingdark.I_______gohomeatonce.③You_______tellJerrywhatI’vesaid.④You____________tellBettythenewsbecauseI’vetoldheraboutit.havetohavetomustn’tdon’thaveto考點(diǎn)三:hitv.(使)碰撞【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】(1)hit的不同含義

(2)hit作“打;擊”講時(shí)的用法hit表示“打在某人的某個(gè)部位”時(shí),常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“hitsb.in/on+the+部位”。一般情況下in用于較軟、凹陷的地方,如臉、眼睛等;on則用于較硬、凸出的部位,如鼻子、頭等。①hitsb.onthenose/...②heface/...【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】ChinahasofferedmuchhelptoJapansinceit

bytheearthquakeandtsunami(海嘯).A.hitsB.ishitC.washitD.willbehit【解析】選C?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:自從日本被地震和海嘯襲擊以來(lái),中國(guó)已經(jīng)提供了很多的幫助。由語(yǔ)境知此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去時(shí),故選C?？键c(diǎn)四:intime及時(shí)【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】intime與ontime短語(yǔ)用法intime表示“及時(shí)”,表示動(dòng)作在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)完成或比規(guī)定時(shí)間提早完成,即恰在時(shí)間點(diǎn)ontime表示“準(zhǔn)時(shí)”,即在規(guī)定時(shí)間之內(nèi)。強(qiáng)調(diào)準(zhǔn)時(shí),按時(shí),相當(dāng)于attherighttime【圖解助記】【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】用intime/ontime填空。①Wewerejust______forthebus.②Itisveryimportanttobe_______fortheinterview.

intimeontime考點(diǎn)五:Somepeoplesaythatnewstorieswritteninbookstodayarenotasentertainingastheoldones.一些人說(shuō)現(xiàn)在寫(xiě)在書(shū)上的新故事不如以前的有趣?！局R(shí)構(gòu)建】(1)這是that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,句中writteninbookstoday作newstories的定語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句中的語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序。

(2)從句時(shí)態(tài)要與主句時(shí)態(tài)保持一致;主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句可用任何時(shí)態(tài),主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句為相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),但是當(dāng)從句描述客觀事實(shí)時(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】(2014·曲靖中考)Aftertravelling,studentstalkedabout

.A.whatdidtheygetB.whattheygotC.whatwilltheyget

D.whattheyget【解析】選B。考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意:旅游后,學(xué)生們談?wù)撍麄兊氖斋@。賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該用陳述句式,可排除A項(xiàng)與C項(xiàng);其次,賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)要求告訴我們:當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去時(shí),從句用過(guò)去時(shí)的某一種時(shí)態(tài),可排除D項(xiàng)。故選B?？键c(diǎn)六:falloff...從……跌落【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】fall的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)Theboyfelldownfromthebikeandhurthisarmyesterday.=Theboyfelloffthebikeandhurthisarmyesterday.這個(gè)男孩兒昨天從自行車(chē)上摔了下來(lái),傷了他的手臂。Takecare!Don’tletthechildfallover.當(dāng)心!不要讓孩子跌倒。【溫馨提示】由fall構(gòu)成的其他短語(yǔ)fallbehind落后fallill生病fallasleep入睡

fallinto落入,陷入fallinlovewithsb.與某人相愛(ài);愛(ài)上某人【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①(2013·涼山中考)—WhathappenedtoMark?—Hefell

thebike

asnowymorning.A.off;in

B.down;at

C.off;on

【解析】選C。考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:——Mark發(fā)生了什么事?——他在一個(gè)下雪的早晨從自行車(chē)上摔下來(lái)了。falloff從……摔下來(lái),后直接跟賓語(yǔ)。②地上的雪太多,如果你騎得太快的話,你會(huì)摔倒的。Thereistoomuchsnowontheground.Ifyouridemuchtoofast,youwill_______.③當(dāng)他的母親出去的時(shí)候,那個(gè)嬰兒從床上掉了下來(lái)。Thebaby_____________/______thebedwhenhismotherwasout.falloverfelldownfromfelloff考點(diǎn)七:thinkabout考慮【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】thinkabout/thinkof/thinkover的用法區(qū)別thinkabout意為“思考;考慮”,后常接代詞、名詞或動(dòng)名詞或由疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的不定式或賓語(yǔ)從句thinkof意為“考慮到、想到”,后常接代詞、名詞或動(dòng)名詞thinkover意為“仔細(xì)考慮”,后常接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。當(dāng)后面接代詞時(shí),應(yīng)把代詞放在think與over之間【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①(2014·棗莊中考)你認(rèn)為情景劇怎么樣?__________________________②也許,畢業(yè)后我將考慮去當(dāng)一名英語(yǔ)教師而不是導(dǎo)游。MaybewhenIleaveschool,I’ll__________becominganEnglishteacherratherthanatourguide.Whatdoyouthinkofsitcom?thinkabout【即時(shí)考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Thereare

teachersinourschool,and

ofthemarew