初中英語語法形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)簡單記法

形容詞副的比較和高級(jí)一形詞和副詞比較級(jí)和最高的變化方法下(1)符合規(guī)的：情

況

加

法

例

詞一般情況以結(jié)尾的以輔音+y結(jié)尾的以個(gè)音母尾詞多節(jié)部雙節(jié)詞

直加-est加–-st變y為i再加-;-est輔字雙，加;-est在前more;

all-taller-tallestdry-drier-driestheavy-heavier-heaviestthin-thinner-thinnestdeliciousdelicious幾個(gè)不規(guī)則的形容詞和詞的比級(jí)和最高級(jí)下表：一分為有兩個(gè)，一是遠(yuǎn)來是老。合二為共三對，壞病兩多兩好。還有一雙意含，只譯少來譯小。原級(jí)faroldbad/ill/badly/much/

比級(jí)farther/furtherolder/elderworsebetter

最級(jí)/oldest/eldest其他雙節(jié)詞和多音詞，在面加more,most來構(gòu)成比級(jí)和最級(jí)。原級(jí)beautifulinterestingimportant(要的)expensive昂貴的不規(guī)則化原級(jí)good好的)well(健康的)bad(壞的ill(病的)oldmanymuch(多)

比較級(jí)morebeautifulmoreinterestingmoreimportantmoreexpensive比較級(jí)betterworseolder(elder)more

最高級(jí)mostbeautifulmostinterestingmostimportantmostexpensive最高級(jí)bestworstoldest(eldest)most

little少的)far(的)

lessfarther(further)

leastfarthest(furthest)二．形容和副詞比較的用法級(jí)別

比程

表方和義

例句

備

注原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)

肯定形同式等程否度定形式不程（于者較程加最程（于者三以）

原級(jí)+as(像……樣)not(as)原級(jí)(不如……那)比級(jí)+than(比……)比級(jí)+and+比級(jí)（來……）+比較，the+比級(jí)（……,越）最級(jí)(in)(最……)

isascan.isnotsodifficultscience.ShedoesnotwellIolderthanIporkgrowingtallerandtaller.andbooksshethesheSpringseasonLinTaoall.

比級(jí)面以much,even,still,little,abit等副最級(jí)面往省例解________thanverymoretoo解析：后面有可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)many的比較級(jí)形式為manymore修飾。應(yīng)選B.WhichisJapanAustralia?B.moremostdevelopeddeveloping解析：兩者比較用比較級(jí),表示"達(dá)"而是"發(fā)展中的"意．wereshopsincity1982in1990.littleB.C.D.解析：不修飾可數(shù)名詞，兩者比較用比較級(jí)，所應(yīng)選Ifarefreetoday,comeanother__________.B.C.insteadD.

解析：作詞用時(shí)意為"代，頂"，表前面的事情沒做，而做了后面的事Instead般位于句首。應(yīng)選C.．Hecan'ttellus________,Ithink.importantanythingimportantC.somethingD.important.解析：不定代詞與形容詞聯(lián)用需后置，否定句中應(yīng)該用anything而是因此應(yīng)選BRiverthe__________riverincountry.C.thelongest解析："定冠詞序詞+形容詞最高級(jí)"表示"幾大…"應(yīng)lightinwasn't________forbrightB.enoughC.brightlyD.解析：修名詞時(shí)可前可后，修形容詞或副詞時(shí)，后置。應(yīng)選B.wasanaccidentat________,the_________hurt.luckily,badlyB.Lucky,D.解析：第一空修飾全句需用副詞，第二空修飾形容詞hurt也用副詞，因選Youmusteyes_________doeyecloseopened解析:此處需用形容詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語。應(yīng)選C.10.Fivedayshaspassed,I________,alreadyC.tooD.解析：already與都可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。常用于肯定句，而yet常與否定句。應(yīng)選三．形容副詞比較級(jí)高級(jí)的其他用（1）冠連the＋容詞原級(jí)v(復(fù)，指一類人或物the＋形詞比較級(jí)，指兩者較的”那一個(gè)，eg.ofa/an＋容詞比較級(jí)Thepenisexpensive.Iacheaper(a)＋most＋容詞最高級(jí)非…”amostbeautifulcity(2相關(guān)構(gòu)2)

原級(jí)較：定句s….as….,否定句notso/as….as….比較：比較級(jí)than….或(less)….than…..

Thefurnitureinthanthatinshop.(注意代詞that的法)3)

比較＋and＋比較級(jí)＋比較越來…”richerandricher,moreandmoreinteresting4)Themore…..,themore…..…，越”Thelookatpicture,betteryouwilllikeit.

比較any

＋n.

（單適用范圍一致）(all)

＋n.

（復(fù)6)

any＋n.(單（適用范圍一致）Hetallerthanotherstudent/allotherinclass.studentinclass.倍數(shù)達(dá)法Aetc.)timestheetc.)ofAetc.)timesasbig(high,long,Athree

用

表倍通常于三以上，兩倍可以或Thebuilding(theheight)oftheold這座新樓比那座舊樓大三倍（高三倍AsiaislargeasEurope.洲比歐洲大三倍。Youristhreetimesbiggerours.們的學(xué)校比我們的學(xué)校大三倍。7)more…than結(jié)構(gòu)其意往than…可譯……而不……”或顛倒詞序譯作與其說……，如說…Thatgirlismore那個(gè)小姑娘是累了而不是餓了。moremotherthanwifeShemoreofmotherthanawife.她是賢妻，更是良母。8)toBtoD和的關(guān)就像C和的系A(chǔ)irwhatwaterisfish.空對于人類就像水和魚的關(guān)系。9)nomorethan=only“只不”，言其少notthan=atmost“不，“少，指事實(shí)。nomore…than……一樣不

如單音節(jié)使用比較級(jí)形式not不…更sthan=asmuchas“多達(dá)than=as例Inomorefiveyuaninmypocket.我口袋里的錢只不過5元Ihavenotmorefiveyuaninmy我口袋里的錢不多于。HenoI.和我一樣窮。Henodeterminedthanyou.他的決心不亞于你。determined等“其決心不亞于你，其大Henotdeterminedyou.他的決心不比你小。determinedthan于“決心不小”，無言其大或小的含)

最高in/among….Hetallestthree/amonginisclass.四．相關(guān)語辨析1.veryA修形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)修比較級(jí)；修飾動(dòng)詞用much或eg.Ilike因?yàn)镮Englishmuch.B)表狀態(tài)的過去詞前用averyfrightenedvery一的情況下以結(jié)的分詞多用much、等飾。如：Wewere/muchshockednewsabout已化為形容詞的現(xiàn)在分詞前用very如：/worrying/excitingD）用much/far,用。//lottoo另外，在too/much,too/little前。We’vegotfarmanyfarcups.E)還有修飾詞既不用very,也不用much.eg.bewellworthbewellabovethe2.so和

A)so…that與…that…的區(qū)。so+形詞/副詞+thatso+形容詞+（n+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+thatso+//littlefew名that…such+a(n)+形容詞單可數(shù)名詞+…such+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+that…such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞that…注意但當(dāng)

表“小時(shí)用。如：areboysthattheycandresst下列的用法錯(cuò)誤：soaproblem,sohot。B)any/each/all/few/one/+such+n.eg.no3.bemuch+n.bemuchtoo+adj.bemuchfor

對太過分4.can’tbetoo+adj.=can’tbe+adj.+enough無…都不”cancarefulenough.=Youcannevertoo你小心越好。練習(xí)與固選最答填：worry,I'msureIcanruncatchwithslowlyenoughC.fastenoughD.fasttextisveryeasyforThere________newinafewB.C.fewIt's________filmthatallthestudentsareininteresting;B.interested;interestingC.interesting;gotupveryhecameto______.late;latelylately;lateC.latelyD.late;lateI________healthyconditions.timesC.sometimestimesWedon'thave________everyday.alotofschoolworksC.anyworksschoolwork-Look!fasttheare--Oh,yes!TheynearlyupslowerandslowermoreneckandinlifewillThethebetterThefewer;betterD.More;ofinaregetting________.andmorerichmoremoreC.andricher10._______,thisoneorthatone?C.morethe11."Ahappenedat7:30a.m."thepolicemanserious,seriousB.seriously,serious,

12.itfromtoLupuHowB.HowoftenC.How13.Incity,itinbutit_______inhottestB.C.hotter;hot;hotter14.Thispencilis______longasnotas15.istwokilometers_______B.farawayC.farfromD.16.BeijingbusesthereisoftenatrafficintooD.17.Thisboxis______heavy________Iit.toB.so,C.that18.Indiahasthe_______intheB.C.smallestD.largest19.received________postcardsatChristmas.C.tooD.even20.cakeitgoodbadlyC.badD.well21.Whattheweatherlikeyesterday?---ItItrained________thatcouldA.hardly…h(huán)ardB.hardly…h(huán)ardlyC.hardhardlyD.…h(huán)ard22.meetingwillinhour,buttheygoteverythingready_____.B.alreadyC.yet23.What---It'sveryareonly________newinfewB.aC.D.little24.Howbeautifulshesings!I'venever________.bettervoiceB.agoodvoicebestvoicebettervoice25.Mrtellus.piecesofpiecesofnewsgoodpieceofofgoodnew26.I'mheadmaster_________meetthetooC.somuchverymuch27.-Dad,willfree?Yougowithfourago.--IamJean.IIwillhaveholidayfour-dayC.D.fourday28.inlooksespecially"TianYaHaiJiao"________.well,bestB.fine,C.nice,betterD.beautifully,best29.Whatdayitis!forawalk.B.lovelyrainyD.cloudy30.OftheAustralian,Masha________one.IthinkcanfindB,tallertallerD.選最答填：JohntoldthathavehardlyrarelyC.nearlyD.almost---donlikeshirt?---Itsnecknotformeatkindwith_____

C.bythebiggestatemperaturetoday℃belowOh,it____cold.B.C.mostmore---Doyouthinknaughtyenough?I’m___thannaughty.D.muchmoreclever_____asanyloseunwantedasausefulwayasaD.---What’swrong?Yourestless.waspayingfordoubledoubleofC.ofboyssinging.B.HappilyexcitedlyC.TohappyTobeexcitedly8.’mgladsaythathealreadyfinished_____50%ofthebookinthesethreedays.nothanB.nomorethanC.notthanD.than9.gettherebysix,if______.soonernoC.notD.quick10.aboutsameChina,butitsisfivetimes____.aslittleB.asfewD.fewer11.----Yes,it___whatI’mafter.very;B.just;exactlyC.aD.right;12.Hehasupdrinking.drinksneveragainnotanyC.moreD.once13.Hehurriedaway,_____tomeethisoldfriend.lookingforwardB.eager14.Everythingwasveryexpensive.I’tbuy____fruit,butI’vesomebigB.any;bigC.much;bigredbig15.---Areyougoingfootballgame?---No,ticketsare____expensiveforB.somuchfartooD.highly16.Welhavetowaita____twoknowexaminationB.furtherC.17.littletowngrownabigandiswhatitusedtobe.twicethetwotimesthetwicetwice18.awayand____.illthethe19.HelikesgoinguseslongB.bamboofishingC.polebamboofishingD.bamboofishinglongpole20.HewasawakepersonB.onlyC.onlypersonperson21.Ithinksuggestionisbad,andofyoursratherrathertooD.rather;fairly22.WouldyoubetellbyyourkindB.kindenoughkindverykind23.winnersarebroughtin

B.mostnearly24.technicalIplayinganimportanttodayrolewill____important.nolessB.noC.nonethenomore25.Ainbejustinpartofone’seducationusefulB.ausefulpartofone’seducationC.partofone’seducationusefulD.apartofoneducation26.______,thethiefdidntakeanythingvaluablebutnotebook.itisbestrangeC.Itstrange27