其他和工具書(shū)類魔法英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

第一章動(dòng)詞時(shí)

魔法英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法AA一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成TheywantgoodThecoatmatchestheThisworkdoesnotsatisfyDoyouunderstand?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本用法HealwaystakesawalkafterEveryoneisinhighspiritsThesunrisesintheeastandsetsintheSoundtravelsfasterthroughwaterthanitdoesthroughTimeandtidewaitfornoThisclothfeelsIloveclassical stillseemsabletofindtimetogoThemeetingbeginsatWeleavehereat8:00Whenyoucomenexttime,bringmesomeIftimeallows,weshallgothereWhetherheagreesornot,Iwillstayat②一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的特殊用法DeclaresMannedSpaceflightSuccessful中國(guó)宣布載人航天飛行成LauraBushArrivesin Francisslipspast,passestheballtoYaoMing,whojumps,catchesandshootsitintothebasket.穿過(guò)去，把球傳給，跳起來(lái)，接住球投進(jìn)籃里。Now,look,Ipressthebuttonandturnonthemachine.YoumindyourownIfhedoesthatagain,hegoestoHerecomesthebus.TheregoestheBB一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成HiswordsfetchedalaughfromallIdidnotsleepwelllastDidyoudirectthetouristtotheho提示提示【誤】IvisitedthePalaceMuseum.在沒(méi)有上下文的情況下，應(yīng)【正】【正】IvisitedthePalaceMuseumlast【正】IhavevisitedthePalace一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法HesuddenlyfellillTheenginestoppedbecausethefuelwasusedIwrotehomeonceaweekatcollege.Hewasalreadyinthehabitofreadingwidelyinhis點(diǎn)津坊點(diǎn)津坊SheusedtostudylateintothenightwhenshewasinSeniorHewouldsitfor ngThestudentsgotupearlyinthemorning,didmorningexercisesandthenreadEnglishaloudintheopenair.Wewouldnotleaveuntiltheteachercameback.ShetoldmeshewouldnotgoifitrainedthenextIt'stimeweIwishIweretwentyyearsIwouldratheryoudidn'tdoanythingforthetimeIwonderedifyoucouldgivemeaMightIcomeandseeyou一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較Hisfatherisafilm他父親是導(dǎo)演 Hisfatherwasafilm Howdoyoulikethe Howdidyoulikethe CC—一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)是由"will/shall+動(dòng)詞"構(gòu)成的。shall只限于第一人稱，主要見(jiàn)于英國(guó)英語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在的趨勢(shì)是第一、二、三人稱的單復(fù)數(shù)形式均用will表示。在口語(yǔ)中，shall和will?？s寫(xiě)成ll緊接在主語(yǔ)否定式shallnot和willnot的簡(jiǎn)略shan'twon't。提示youandIboth提示youandIbothofus等短語(yǔ)后，只用will，不用shall。YouandIwillarrivetherenextMonday.Bothofuswillgraduatefrommiddleschoolnextyear.WhenwillyouknowyourexamIcanseeyou'rebusy,soIwon'tstay一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法Ishallbe thisafternoon.There'llbenochemistryclassesTheywillprobablygotoShanghaifortheir點(diǎn)津坊點(diǎn)津坊ngwillshall MyunclewillcometoseemeeveryI'llbeseeingafriendoffattheairport.I'llbeseeingafriendoffattheairport. Thatbaglooksheavy.I'llhelpyouwithIwon'tlanyonewhathappened,IFlowerswilldiewithoutWaterwillchangeintoiceatThiswillbeyoursister,I一般將來(lái)時(shí)的常用結(jié)構(gòu)①用于"IexpectI'msureIthink,Iwonder+賓語(yǔ)從句"Don'tworryabouttheexam.I'msureyou'llIwonderwhatwillIdon'tthinkthetestwillbevery②用于"+and+陳術(shù)句"中。Workhardandyouwillsucceed.GoatonceandyouwillseeI'llletyouknowassoonasheIfyouaskhim,hewillhelpWeshallgounlessitrains.將來(lái)時(shí)間的其他表達(dá)法①begoingto+動(dòng)詞I'mgoingtobuyanewcoatthisAreyougoingtoybasketballafterHeisgoingtobeadoctorwhenhegrowsWhatareyougoingtodoLookatthoseblackclouds.ItisgoingtoThecarisgoingtoturnThereisgoingtobea比較"be比較"begoingto+"與"willshall+1.begoingtowill/shall既可表示不久的將來(lái)，也可Sheisgoingtoget Shewillget willwill表示將來(lái)，通常是指事先無(wú)計(jì)劃的意圖，是臨時(shí)決定的；begoingto則表示事－Georgephonedwhileyouwere －Ok.I'llphonehim －Matthewphonedwhileyouwere －Yes,Iknow.I'mgoingtophonehimback. Themeetingwillbeginat10:00a.m.10Coffeewillbeservedfrom9:30fromtodayonwards.9:30開(kāi)始供應(yīng)咖Ifeelterrible.IthinkI'mgoingtobesick. Ifyouaregoingtoattendthemeeting,you'dbetterleave ②be+動(dòng)詞-ing"be+動(dòng)詞-ing形式"表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的計(jì)劃或安排，預(yù)期將會(huì)發(fā)生某事，這種安排不容leavemovestartstay,geteatmeetdieseeoff等，并與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間HeisleavingforinafewIamdiningoutTheneistakingoffTheoldmanisdying.比較比較"be+動(dòng)詞-ing形式"和"begoingto+Wearemovingtoanewflat=Wearegoingtomovetoanewflat詞-ing形式。Youaregoingtofallifyouclimbthat Becareful.Youaregoingtobreakthatchair. ③be+be(amis,are)(was,were)ThehighwayistobeopentotrafficinAmItotakeoverhiswork?Ifwearetotakethe5:00train,wemustleaveYouaretobebackbefore10:00Youarenottogooutaloneat比較比較"be+動(dòng)詞不定式"與"begoingto+1."begoingto+動(dòng)詞 "側(cè)重說(shuō)話人個(gè)人的意圖和打算，"be+動(dòng)詞不定式"側(cè)重I'mgoingtotrymybesttowritethisarticleAmItowaitheretilltheirarrival?2.2.表示由于客觀因素或不受人控制的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，只用"begoingto動(dòng)詞It'sgoingtorain天要下雨了。（It'stoRachelisgoingto TomorrowisWhattimedoesthenexttrainleaveforI'llgivethebooktoyouafterIfinishIfhearrives,wemustgoandmeethimattherailwayIhopealliswellwithSuppsewegohikingDD一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)是由"should/would+動(dòng)詞"構(gòu)成的。HeaskedmeyesterdaywhenIshouldleaveforParis.Theywantedtoknowhowtheywouldfinishthe一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的用法HesaidtheywouldarrangeaIaskedifhewouldcomeandfixmyTVIfIhadachancetostudyabroad,IwouldstudyatCambridgeIwishhewouldgowithmetothecinema今晚他能和我一起去看就好了過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間其他表達(dá)法①was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞HesaidthathewasgoingtoliveinthecountrywhenheTheythoughtitwasgoingto②was/were+動(dòng)詞-ingNobodyknewwhethertheguestswereIwastoldthatthetrainwasleavinginafew③was/wereShesaidshewastocleantheclassroomafter 點(diǎn)津坊點(diǎn)津坊"was/weregoingto動(dòng)詞LastSundayweweregoingtovisittheGreatWall,butitIwastohavehelpedwiththeperformance,butIgotflutheday④was/wereaboutto"was/wereabouttodo"表示說(shuō)話的瞬間就會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Ifeltsomethingterriblewasabouttohappen.⑤was/wereonthepoint I'mgladyouhavecome.Iwasonthepointofcallingyou,butyou'vesavedmethetroublenow. 提提"beabouttodo"和"beonthepointof 示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但后面可以接when引導(dǎo)的分句。IwasabouttostartwhenitsuddenlybegantoAA現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是由"am,isare+現(xiàn)在分詞"I'mreadingtheeveningNowitisn'tsnowingAretheyyingsoccerinthe現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法SheismakingafireListen!MaryissinginganEnglishsongintheTheyarentingtreesonthehillthesearrivebegin,comedodriveflygoleave,stay等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞。這種用法比較生動(dòng)，給人以一種期待感。JaneandBettyaregoingonholidayinafewWhereareyoustayinginShe'sconstantlycomMybrotherisalwaysleavingthingsHeisforeverthinking ngmoreforthe點(diǎn)津坊點(diǎn)津坊ApageisSomethingisThedressis ingThehouseisfallingTheweatherischangingfortheThetrainisarrivinglatealmosteverydaythissummer.Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Theboyisjumwith比較You比較YouarenotHewhohelpsothersis Ifyouinsist ngit,you ngaYouYouarenotbeing但有時(shí)可用"amis,arebeing形容詞"結(jié)構(gòu)表示暫時(shí)TheboyisbeingIdon'tthinkyouarebeingHeisbeing不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞seem,look,appearhavebelongtoown,holdThisbackpackbelongstoHeseemsratherangrywithdoubt等。Idon'tthinkhewillcomeIstillrememberthedayswhenwestudied提示提示SheisunderstandingbetterYourclothesneedHowIwishIwereacontinuekeeplastgoonEverydayafterfinishing ,hegoesontodosome點(diǎn)津坊Sheistastingthe點(diǎn)津坊SheistastingtheThedogissmellingtheThebellissoundingfor晚 seehear,smelltaste,feel等。Theapplestastegood.Thisflowersmellsnice.Yoursuggestionsounds現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的比較Thecomputerisworking

Thebusisstop.Thebus

works(一直如 Sheislivinginthe

彩He ngwellat(贊揚(yáng)Shelivesinthe

(一般事Hedoeswellatschool.實(shí))BB時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)是由"waswere+現(xiàn)在分詞"IwasngmyatthistimeWereyouexpectinghimTheywerenottalkingwhenIcame過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法Iwashavingsupperat7:00yesterday

提示我們也可以把兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞WelistenedShewasyingthepianowhileIwasreadingthe WeweretalkingaboutyouthewholeHewaswatchingTVathomefrom3:00to

readtheyesterday點(diǎn)津坊Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhensomeonecalledme.Wewereyingoutsidewhenitbegantorain.點(diǎn)津坊Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhensomeonecalledme.Wewereyingoutsidewhenitbegantorain.ShesaidshewasleavingforNewYorkthenextthefront.TomslippedintothehousewhennoonewasFiveminuteslater,hewasstandingatthedoor,Thebabywascryinghard,andsuddenlythecryingShewenttothedoctoryesterday.ShewashavingalotoftroublewithherIhaven'tfinishedmybecauseIwashelmymotheratalldayThegirlwasalwayschangingherInthepasthewasconstantlyaskingmefor過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較Shewrotealettertoherfriendlast Shewaswritingalettertoherfriendlast ShewavedtoShewaswavingtoTheboyjumpedupandTheboywasjumupand時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)是由"shall/willbe+現(xiàn)在分詞"Don'tphonemebetween8:00and10:00.We'llbehavingclassesthen.8點(diǎn)到10點(diǎn)之間不要給我打 WillyoubeusingyourbicyclethisShewon'tbehavingameetinginherofficeat8:00將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法I'llbetakingmyholidayTheywillbemeetingusattheIhopeyouwillbecomingonI'llbeseeingMrSmithTheministerwillbegivingaspeechoninternationalPleasecometomorrowafternoon,TomorrowmorningI'llbehavinga請(qǐng)你明天下午來(lái)吧。我明天上午有個(gè)會(huì)。(表原因Stopthechildorhewillbefalling抓住那個(gè)孩子，要不他會(huì)掉下去的。(表結(jié)果Youwillbemakinga WillyoubereadinganythingWhenshallwebemeetingThestudentsarestudyingUnit3thisweek,andnextweekthey'llbestudyingUnit4.MydutieswillendinJulyandIwillbereturningtoAA現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成形式是"havehas過(guò)去分詞"?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常被稱為“與現(xiàn)在有SomeonehasbrokentheIhaven'tseenmuchofherlaHowlonghavetheybeen現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法Ihaveboughta我買了一支筆。(結(jié)果：Ihaveapennow.)Thetemperaturehasincreasedby10℃.溫度上升了10攝氏度。 (結(jié)果：Itisquitehotnow.)Airpollutionhastakenthelivesofmanypeople. 點(diǎn)津坊點(diǎn)津坊【誤】IhaveboughtapenbutIhavelostit【正】IboughtapenbutIhavelostit〉【誤】【誤】IhavelostmypenbutIhavefoundit【正】IlostmypenbutIhavefoundit〉HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatIhavevisitedBeijingatleasttenShehasneverspentaholidayattheHe'slovedfishingforalong Ihavelivedhereformorethanthirty 點(diǎn)津坊點(diǎn)津坊leave等。如用這類動(dòng)詞表示“未完成”，通常只限于否定結(jié)構(gòu)。Ihaven'tseenafilmfor我已經(jīng)好幾個(gè)星期沒(méi)看Shehasn'twrittentomesince現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)★不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already,yet,before,recently,lay等I'veseenthefilmHaveyoubeenthere ★頻度時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：often,sometimes,ever,neveroncerarelyWehaveneverheardofHehassometimeyedBigBenhasrarelygone★包含現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：nowjusttodaythismorningthisweek,thisyear等。IhavejustfinishedtheletterYouhavejustmissedtheHashedonemuchwork比較比較Shehasalreadygone.Haveyoueatenyourdineralready?Hehasnotcomeyet.★since+具體時(shí)間，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從何時(shí)開(kāi)始。Sincethen,hehasdevelopedanotherbadhabit.Hehasn'tbeenhomesincehe★forWehaveworkedhereforTherehasbeennorainherefornearlytwo★untilnow,uptillnow,sofaruptothemoment，到目前為止。Ihavenotseenhimsofar.Uptothepresent,everythinghasbeen★in/duringthepast/lastfiveyears,在剛剛過(guò)去的5年里。Hehasbeenawayfromschoolduringthelasttwoweeks.Inthepastfewyearstheyhavedealtwithquiteafewinternationalcorporationssuccessfully.★allthewhilealldayShehasbeenbusyall現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較Helockedthe Hehaslockedthedoor. Whoturnedonthe誰(shuí)開(kāi)的燈 Whohasturnedonthe HehaslivedinBeijingforfouryears. HelivedinBeijingforfouryears. BB過(guò)去完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成SoonIrealizedIhadmadeaseriousThemansittingbesidemeonthenewasverynervous.Hehadnotflownbefore.Hadhegonehomewhenyou過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法點(diǎn)津坊在包beforeafter的復(fù)合， 某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成。句點(diǎn)津坊在包beforeafter的復(fù)合， By5:00yesterdaymorningwehaddonethatwork.。beforeIreached。beforeIreachedtheAfterhe(had)arrivedinEngland,MarxworkedhardtoimprovehisEnglish.HehadjustfinishedsweetheclassroomwhentheteacherreturnedfromtheTheycameearlierthanwehadexpected.Itrainedyesterdayafterithadbeendryformanymonths.UptothattimeallhadgoneJohnandJanehadknowneachotherforalongtimebeforetheirShesaidshehadmademuchprogresssinceshecame條件句以及wish，asif引導(dǎo)的從句中。Ifshehadworkedhard,shewouldhaveIwishIhadgonewithyoutotheconcert.Thetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyhadbeengoodfriendsformany”Hardlyhadhebeguntospeakwhentheaudienceinterrupted Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentaway點(diǎn)津坊點(diǎn)津坊intend,mean,hope,want, n,supposeexpectthink等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)可Ihadmeanttocome,butsomethingIhadintendedtocallonyou,butwasprevented ngTheyhadwantedtohelpbutcouldn'tgetherein 過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較IreturnedthebookthatIhadHedidn'tknowathingabouttheverb,forhehadnotstudiedhisIhadbeenatthebusstopfor20minuteswhenabusfinallyCC時(shí)將來(lái)完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成將來(lái)完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成是由"shall/willhave過(guò)去分詞"構(gòu)成的。Beforelonghewillhaveforgottenallaboutthematter.WillyouhaveknownKevinfor10yearsnextmonth?到下個(gè)月你認(rèn)識(shí)該有10年了吧？將來(lái)完成時(shí)的用法點(diǎn)津坊點(diǎn)津坊WhenIhavefinishedthat,IshallhavedoneallIamsupposedtodo.Pleasedon'tgetoffthebusuntilithasWeshallhavelearned12unitsbytheendofthisBythetimeyougethomeIwillhavecleanedthehousefromtoptobottom.②表示推測(cè)，相當(dāng)于"musthavedone"結(jié)構(gòu)。Youwillhaveheardofthis,Iguess.你已經(jīng)聽(tīng)這件事了。IamsurehewillhavegottheAA現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是由"have/hasbeen現(xiàn)在分詞"Heisill.He'sbeenlyinginbedforthreeYoureyesarered.HaveyoubeenWhathaveyou ngallthis現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法allthistimethisweek,thismonth,allnightallthemorning,recently等狀語(yǔ)以及sincefor引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)連用。IhavebeenreadingHemingway'sFarewelltoArmsThisiswhatIhavebeenexpectingsincemyMyclothesareallwet.I'vebeenworkingintheHeisdeaddrunk.He'sbeendrinkingwithhisYou'vebeensayingthatforfiveyears.Hehasbeenwritingarticlestothenewspapersandmagazinessincehebecameateacher.Whathaveyou ngtomyToomuchhasbeenhappening現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較HaveyoubeenmeetinghimHaveyoumethimIhavebeenwaitingforyoufortwo Ihavewaitedforyoufortwohours. Whohasbeeneatingthe Whohaseatentheoranges?B時(shí) B時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是由"hadbeen+現(xiàn)在分詞"ShehadbeensufferingfromabadcoldwhenshetooktheHadtheybeenexpectingthenewsforsomeRafaelwasscoldedeventhoughhehadn't nganything盡 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法IhadbeenlookingforitfordaysbeforeIfoundTheyhadonlybeenwaitingforthebusafewmomentswhenitHehadbeenmentioningyournametoYouhadbeengivingmeThedoctoraskedwhathehadbeenIaskedwheretheyhadbeenstayingallthoseIhadonlybeenreadingafewminuteswhenhecameShe'donlybeenreviewingherlessonsforashortwhilewhenherlittlesisterinterruptedher.過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)的比較Shehadcleanedtheoffice,soitwasvery Shehadbeencleaningtheoffice,sowehadtowait 第二詞語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)是由助動(dòng)詞be加及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。如果有必要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，AA十種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài) 語(yǔ)Wecleantheclassroomevery→TheclassroomiscleanedbyuseverySuchsongsareusuallysungbyRussianisnottaughtinourAremanygoodsshippedabroadeveryWecleanedtheclassroom→The Thewindowwasbrokenbymy Howmuchmoneywasstolenin語(yǔ)態(tài)：will/shallbeWewillcleantheclassroom→TheclassroomwillbecleanedTheworkwillbedoneimmediaWilltheschoolsportsmeetingbeheldnextWhenshallwebegivenalectureonthe什么時(shí)候給我們作有關(guān)因特網(wǎng)的講—般過(guò)去將—般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：would語(yǔ)態(tài)：wouldbeWetoldhimthatwewouldcleantheclassroomsoon.→Wetoldhimthattheclassroomwouldbecleanedsoon.HesaidthatanewtradecenterwouldbuiltinthecentreoftheSheaskedwhethertheirnwouldconsideredwithgreatIwasn'ttoldthatIshouldbeinvitedtothe主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am/isare語(yǔ)態(tài)：am/is/arebeingWearecleaningtheclassroom→TheclassroomisbeingcleanedAhospitalisbeingbuiltinthecentreoftheArethebabiesbeingtakencareofbythisHowisthenewteachingmethodbeingtried語(yǔ)態(tài)：was/werebeingWewerecleaningtheclassroomthistimeTheteachingnwasbeingdiscussedatthattime.WastheTVsetbeingfixedthisThehousewasbeingpaintedwhenarrivedathis主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：has/have語(yǔ)態(tài)：has/havebeenTheclassroomlookstidy.Wehavecleaned→Theclassroomlookstidy.IthasbeenManyforeignfihavebeenshownonsincelastTheradiohasnotbeenturnedonHasanewtrainingcentrebeensetupinour主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：had語(yǔ)態(tài)：hadbeenTheclassroomlookedtidy.Wehadcleaned→Theclassroomlookedtidy.IthadbeenHisnewlywrittennovelhadbeenintoEnglishbytheendoflastShetoldmethatshehadbeendismissedbyherboss.HerhadnotbeenfinishedwhenIgothome.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：will/shallhave語(yǔ)態(tài)：will/shallhavebeen→TheclassroomwillhavebeencleanedbyThenewbookswillhavebeenenteredintheregisterbeforeanotherparcelarrives.Howmanyexpresswayswillhavebeencompletedbytheendofnextyear?Beforeyoureturnmyworkwillhave過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)Isaidwewouldhavecleanedtheclassroomby5:00.→Isaidtheclassroomwouldhavebeencleanedby5:00.Theheadmastersaidthearticlewouldhavebeentranslatedbytheendofnextmonth.Thedaywasdrawingnearwhenthedamwouldhavebeencompleted.Hetoldmethatpreparationswouldbeenfinishedby過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成點(diǎn)津坊用"get+過(guò)去分詞"結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，其后的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者(即點(diǎn)津坊用"get+過(guò)去分詞"結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，其后的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者(即FinallyhisbikegotAsIpassedby,myskirtgotcaughtonaTheboygothurtwhenhewasridingtoDidyourlettergetCCseemappear+Sheseemedannoyedbyhis點(diǎn)津坊點(diǎn)津坊【誤】Shegotborninasmall【正】Shewasborninasmall【誤】Theoldmangotofferedalargesumof【正】Theoldmanwasofferedalargesumof【誤】Colingotcaughtcheatinginthe【正】Colinwascaughtcheatinginthe 語(yǔ)態(tài)中常用的介詞點(diǎn)津坊by引出的短語(yǔ)表示點(diǎn)津坊by引出的短語(yǔ)表示但語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中的by短語(yǔ)并不總Amanisknownbytheclotheshewears.Hewasmuchflatteredbyheraskinghimtodinner.DBywhomisthebookThechildrenweredrivenindoorsbytherain.with表示用某種工具或材料ThewolfwaskilledwithaThefieldwasspreadwithwild 表示源于某種物質(zhì)(看不出原材料Goodwineismadefrom 表示用某種材料制成(看得出原材料Thetableismadeof其他介詞Youarewantedonthe Heisknownto Shewascaughtinthe 語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法 AHowisthiswordScientistssaythatworkisdonewhenever AgreaternumberofMagicEnglishbookswillbepublishednextB明年將有的魔法英語(yǔ)書(shū)B(niǎo)Ifyoubreaktheschoolrules,youwillbe AnewHopeSchoolwillbeopenedinour 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常這樣說(shuō)：Iexpectyoutobethereon英美人常這樣說(shuō)：YouareexpectedtobethereonAA主語(yǔ)++"主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu)中只有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，變?yōu)檎Z(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)TheywilldiscussthenattheThenwillbediscussedattheInthepastthekingpossessedgreatInthepastgreatwealthwaspossessedbytheB主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+B主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+在間接賓語(yǔ)前加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~(tofor在間接賓語(yǔ)前加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~(toforThehosthadcaughtussomeSomebooksweregiventothe→Some→Somefishhadbeencaughtforusbythehost.Hisfatherboughthimacomputerlastweek.Hewasboughtacomputerbyhisfatherlastweek.Acomputerwasboughtforhimbyhisfatherlastweek.C主語(yǔ)C主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+有些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞，如有些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞，如make,see,hear,watch,notice,observe,listento等，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中跟to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，在變?yōu)榻Y(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，不定式應(yīng)加上to。Weheardhimsaygood-byetohis→Hewasheardtosaygood-byetohisfriends.Thehouseswerepaintedwhitebyallthevillagers.TheykeptuswaitingforalongWewerekeptwaitingforalongWeregardedhimasthebestdoctorintown.Hewasregardedasthebestdoctorintown.D句can/coulddomay/mightdocan/couldbedonemay/mightbedonecan/coulddomay/mightdocan/couldbedonemay/mightbedonemustmustbehave/hadhave/hadtohave/hadtobewill/wouldwill/wouldbeshall/shouldshall/shouldbeoughtoughttooughttobeThemachinemustbeoperatedwithSuchasentenceoughtnottobeusedPeoplehadtoberemindedofthedangerthatEE含有"begoingtodo"等結(jié)構(gòu)的主動(dòng)句 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HeabsentedhimselffromaIcouldnotbelievemyeyeswhenIsawhimstillThedoctorshookhisheadandthenwentoutwithoutany必必 catcha loselosemakeamakeupmakethekeepkeepThiskindofdictionarycoststen ThecaseweighstwentyHelaughedaheartyShedreamtasweet⑤如果賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing形式時(shí)，謂語(yǔ) taketake taketake taketakeup HehasdecidedtogoandstudyHeleftthearmyinSheenteredthehallat⑦另外，不可拆開(kāi)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，如takece,loseheart,belongto,consistof,changecolour等，也不能改為語(yǔ)態(tài)。ThebookbelongstoShecaughtaverybadIwouldratherdoitnow.Hedarenotdoit.語(yǔ)態(tài)與系表結(jié) AA點(diǎn)津坊少數(shù)"連系動(dòng)詞be+點(diǎn)津坊少數(shù)"連系動(dòng)詞be+Theoldmanwassurroundedbysmallchildren.老人被孩子們團(tuán)團(tuán)圍住 態(tài)Guilinissurroundedbyhillsand Wewereheldupby語(yǔ) Thetreeisknownbyitsfruit. 構(gòu)Thegatetothegardenwaslockedbythegirl.花園門被那個(gè)鎖上了 (構(gòu)Thegatetothegarden Thetreewasblowndownbythehighwinds. (結(jié)構(gòu)Thetreewasblowndownwhenwesawit.我們看到那棵樹(shù)時(shí)，它已經(jīng)被吹倒B了 BThecompositioniswellwritten. Thecompositionisbeingwritten. CC用much修飾。Theboywastoofrightenedto Hewasveryexcited.他很激動(dòng) Hewasmuchexcitedbythe (結(jié)構(gòu)be不及物動(dòng)詞的-edHermoneyisallThehonouredguestsareThemoonisrisen.Sheisgrownup.WearepreparedfortheEE表示“充滿”意思的"bewith"結(jié)構(gòu)多為系表結(jié)構(gòu)。Themountainiscoveredwithsnowalltheyearround.TheclassroomwascrowdedwithThelakeisdottedwithfishingThefloorwaspiledwitholdFFfemain,feel,lie,stand以 ThematterremainedShefeltTheroadbecameGGThebankis Thebankisusuallyclosedat (語(yǔ)態(tài)Heis他結(jié)婚了 Hewasmarriedin (語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)形式表示意AWhendidtheaccidentIce-creamalwaysgoeswellinhotDoeslifeexistontheClassbeginsatThemeetingendedupwithwarmapThemachinerunsHisvoicerecordsDD某些動(dòng)詞+readwritetranslateactaddwash,wear,cook,lock,selltear,cut,keep,feel,burn,strike,last等常和表示行為方式的狀語(yǔ)連用，表示意義。這些動(dòng)提示這些動(dòng)詞常和情提示這些動(dòng)詞常和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(多半是否定式)連 Hiscarcan'tMypenwritesTheyreadsmoreeasilythanEE表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞 out等主動(dòng)形式表示意義。GoodmedicinetastesWhathesaidprovedtobeTheflowerssmellFF一些動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表 動(dòng)ThemeatisThebookisGGSheistoThehouseistolet.形式表示主動(dòng)意義 A反身動(dòng)詞 形式表示主動(dòng)意點(diǎn)津坊有些介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí)，也有的 點(diǎn)津坊有些介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí)，也有的 Theresultis childrenareinthechargethisHelosthimselfinthe Hewaslostinthe Hedressedhimselfinadarkbluesuit.Hewasdressedinadarkbluesuit. “引起感情”等動(dòng)詞 形式表主動(dòng)意TheteacherissatisfiedwithwhatheWeareopposedtounjust我們非正義的WearepreparedtoaccepthisHewastired yingallThisnurseisinchargeofthechildren.CCTheearthistiltedaHundredsofsoldierswerestationedaroundtheThevillageislocatedatthefootofaDD不及物動(dòng)詞的-edbeSpringisThemoonwassetanditwasveryHeisadvancedinEE表示終止的動(dòng)詞-edHeisdonewithMyfeverisgone,butIstillhaveaFFHewasgraduatedfromBeijingYouaremistaken.HeisGDobeBeprepared,Beconcernedmoreaboutthewell-beingoftheTHEDILIGENTOX勤勤懇懇的牛OxOxpeoplearehard-workingandTheyareconfidentyetnotsocial;theyappeartobesilentbutinfactimpulsivewhenangry.Oxcansucceedinartsandbusinesses,thankstoitsobservantandcreative Oxpeoplearestubbornyetcaring,patient,responsibleand 第三章虛擬語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣，又稱假設(shè)語(yǔ)氣，是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示說(shuō)話人敘述的內(nèi)容與事實(shí)相反， 動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ) 陳述語(yǔ)氣Wherethereisawill,there'saCanyouhelpmecarrytheboxHowImissedthelifeinthe祈使語(yǔ)氣Comethisway,Don'tmakeanynoise,willDobecarefulwhencrossingthe虛擬語(yǔ)氣IfIwereabird,IcouldflyintheIwishitwerespringalltheyearMaygoodluckbe條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ) AAIfhedoesn'tcomeat8:00,wewon'twaitforIfafloodhappenedinthepast,therewasusuallyagreatlossoflifeandproperty.Weshallgothereunlessitrainstomorrow.I'llletyouusemybikeonconditionthatyoukeepitBBwould(could/should/might)+hadwould(could/should/might)+havedonewould(could/should/might)+shouldwereto表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的條點(diǎn)津坊IfIwere→IamnotIfIhadknowyour →I 點(diǎn)津坊IfIwere→IamnotIfIhadknowyour →I ephonenumberIfitwereSundaytomorrow,Iwouldgoandseemyfriends.IfIwereyou,IshouldgoandIfwisheswerehorses,beggarsIwouldgoiftheytreatedmelikea表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的條should第一人稱would全部人稱IfIhadknownyour ephonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhave Ifithadnotrainedthismorning,IshouldhavegoneshopThefloodmighthavecausedgreatdamagestothepeopleifwehadnotbuiltsomanyreservoirs.表示在將來(lái)不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件比較IfIdo和IfIdid兩種結(jié)構(gòu)表示可能性較大，而IfIdid表示可能性較小，或完全沒(méi)有可If比較IfIdo和IfIdid兩種結(jié)構(gòu)表示可能性較大，而IfIdid表示可能性較小，或完全沒(méi)有可IfIwintherace...如果我跑了第一名??運(yùn)動(dòng)員這樣IfIwonfirstprize...如果我中了一等獎(jiǎng)?(買的人IfI e,IfIbecame,Ifhewereheretomorrow,IwouldspeaktoIfyoudroppedtheglass,itwouldIfshehadtime,shecouldhelp②shouldWewouldtrusthimifheshouldbeIfitshouldrain,thecropscouldbe③weretoIfIweretodothework,IshoulddoitinadifferentIftheheadmasterweretocome,whatwouldwesayto比較比較Ifitsnowedtomorrow,Iwouldstayathome. (用形式Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,Iwouldstayathome. (能性較小Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.萬(wàn)一明天要下雪的話，我就留在家里 if的條件句should放在主語(yǔ)前，用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Wereitnecessary,Imightgowithout (=Ifitwerenecessary,...)Hadyoutakenmyadvice,youwouldn'thavefailedinthe

(=IfyouhadtakenmyShouldIhavetime,Iwouldcallon (=IfIshouldhaveDD點(diǎn)津坊在很多情況下，我們也可以用點(diǎn)津坊在很多情況下，我們也可以用was來(lái)代替當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱或第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)的were。Ifhewerehere也可以說(shuō)成：IfhewashereIwishIwerea也可以說(shuō)成：IwishIwasa但倒裝句型中的wereWereIinyourposition,Iwouldnotdoit.Ifyouhadn'twatchedTVyesterday,youwouldn'tbesosleepynow.wouldarriveinhalfanhour.Ifyouhesitatedthismoment,youmightsufferinthefuture.EE條件暗含在短語(yǔ)中HewouldnotgetsucharesultwithoutyourButforyou,IcouldnotberecoveredsoThissamething,happeninginthepast,wouldleadtoaHemusthavebeenthere,orhenevercouldknowtheceso條件可根據(jù)上下文推理出Itwoulddoyouno(ifyoushouldgiveupthejob如果你放棄這項(xiàng)工作的話)Theycouldhavewon.(iftheyhadbeenpatient如果他們有耐心的話)Suchmistakescouldhavebeenavoided.(條件可能是ifyouhadbeenmorecareful如果你更加一點(diǎn)的話Whydidn'tyoulmeaboutit?Ishouldhavehelped(ifyouhadtoldmeaboutit如果你當(dāng)時(shí)告訴我的話－Didyougotoseehim－Iwouldhave,butsomeonedroppedovertomyhousefora(ifnoonehaddroppedovertomyhouseforavisit如果沒(méi)人到我家來(lái)?xiàng)l件用其他形式來(lái)表示Youwouldn'tYouwouldn'tIwouldliketogowithbeenill...)Itoldhimtogotherehimself,butperhapsIshouldhavegonetogetherwithhim.暗示條件Supposeyouwereinmyshoes,whatwould

Totalkwithher,youwouldknowshecouldhearwithher...)Lefttohimself,hecouldnothavefinished動(dòng)詞-edIfhehadbeenlefttoAA主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣主語(yǔ)從句通常用于"Itis//動(dòng)詞-ed形式+that..."結(jié)構(gòu)。主語(yǔ)從句中是否用虛擬語(yǔ)氣取決于所用的形容詞或動(dòng)詞-ed形式，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用"should+動(dòng)詞原形"(英語(yǔ)常省略should，只用動(dòng)詞)。Itisimportantthatwe(should)workoutastudyItwillbebetterthatwe(should)meetsomeotherItissuggestedthateachstudent(should)singasonginItisdemandedthatheshouldleaveatItisstrangethathe(should)havefailedtoseehis Itisapity/shamethatI(should)beatschoolinsteadoflyinghereinItisnaturalthatyou(should)forgetit必背必背important,necessary,urgent,essential,vital,natural,strange,proper等動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞-ed形式：arrangedsuggestedorderedrequireddesireddemanded,proposed等Itisnecessarythattheprogram(should)beloadedintotheItisstrangethatheshouldhavelearnedsomuchinsuchashortItisdesiredthatwe(should)geteverythingreadyby賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣①在suggest(建議)，order(命令)，propose(建議)，insist(堅(jiān)持要做)，command(命令)，request要求)，advise建議等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用"should動(dòng)詞"(英語(yǔ)常省略should)。常見(jiàn)的賓語(yǔ)從句中需用常見(jiàn)的賓語(yǔ)從句中需用"should+動(dòng)詞"的動(dòng)詞兩個(gè)命令：order,command三個(gè)建議：suggestadvise,,ask,Theworkersdemandedthattheirwages(should)beraisedby10percent.Therequestedthathe(should)singa比較比較suggest作“建議”解時(shí)，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，作“使想起、暗示”解時(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Hissilencesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecision. HesuggestedthatI(should)sticktomy Heinsists ngmorningexercisesdoesgoodtopeople's HeHeinsiststhathe(should)domorningexercisesevery 一般過(guò)去 IwishIwereaIwishIknewthe過(guò)去完成 hadIwishshehadtakenmyIwishthatIhadseenher過(guò)去將來(lái) would/couldIwishyouwouldstayanhourlonger.Iwishitcouldstopraining.氣；hope表示“希望”，指可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望，后接從句時(shí)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。Thestudentshopethattheirfootballteamwillwinthe IwishIcouldseehimnow. 表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣"should+動(dòng)詞"結(jié)構(gòu)Thedemandisthatthecomposition(should)bewrittenononesideItismydesirethatallthemembersofthefamily(should)gatheronceaThesuggestionthateducation(should)bereformedis必背Basifasthough引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句可以用陳述語(yǔ)氣表示可能符合事實(shí)的情況，也Theteachertreatsthepupilasifhewereherown 子Ifeltasthoughwehadknowneachotherfor Itlooksasifitmightra