河北省承德市2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期2月期末英語(yǔ)試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)河北承德2022～2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高二年級(jí)期末考試英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案車涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳這項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Whendoestheplanetakeoff?A.At8:15.B.At8:50.C.At18:15.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Theyarelisteningtotheirteacher.B.Theyareplayingagame.C.Theyaredoinganexperiment.3.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?AAtarestaurant.B.Athome.C.Atacinema.4.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthetermpaper?A.Shewilltypeitnextweek.B.Shestillhasn’tfinishedit.C.Ittookheranentireweektotypeit.5.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Hewenttothewoman’sparry.B.Hehadapicnicwithhisfamily.C.Heboughtagiftforthewoman.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Enjoyarockconcert.B.Playanopera.C.Watchamovie.7.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodofirst?A.Attendtheconcert.B.HavesupperC.Buytwotickets.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Howdidthemangetthetickets?A.Fromafriend.B.Fromtheticketoffice.C.Fromstrangerswithtickets.9.Whatcanyoulearnabouttheexhibition?A.Itisverypopular.B.Itisexpensive.C.Itisboring.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthewoman?A.Acarparkattendant.B.Adriver.C.Apolicewoman.11.Whereisthecarpark?A.It’snearahotel.B.It’saroundthecorner.C.It’sattheendofthestreet.12.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Driveaway.B.Gotothepolicestation.C.Showthewomanhislicense.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shelostherwallet.B.Shedidn’tfinishhispaper.C.Shewascaughtbypolicemen.14.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheafternoon.15.Wheredidthewomangofirsttoday?A.Thepolicestation.B.Therestaurant.C.Theshop.16.Whodoesthemansuggestthewomanphone?A.Thewoman’sfriend.B.Theshop’smanager.C.Therestaurant’smanager.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whydidthespeakergototakecareofhernieces?A.Shewantedtowatchafilmwiththem.B.Herniecescalledhertoplayagame.C.Hersisterwentouttoseeadoctor.18.Whendidthespeakerfirstseethefilm?A.Lastnight.B.Attheageof9.C.Attheageof20.19.Whydidthespeakerthinkitwasagoodfilm?,A.Becauseitexcitedher.B.Becauseitwasafunnystory.C.Becauseshelikeditattheirage20.Whatenddoesthefilmhave?A.Boring.B.Sad.C.Happy.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMakeeverydayfeelasmagicalasasnowydayinyourmiddleschoolELA(EnglishLanguageArts)classroomwithWinterPoetryAnalysis(分析)!WinterPoetryAnalysisincludesfourclassicwinterpoems,analysisguidelines,lessonplans,fullanswers,andasnowflake(雪花)projectthatcanhangin-yourclassroomallwinter!Fourclassicpoems:WinterTreesbyWilliamCarlosWilliamsTheColdEarthSleptBelowbyPercyByssheShelleyStoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEveningbyRobertFrostBlizzardbyWilliamCarlosWilliamsTPCASTTanalysisworksheets(工作表):Itcanhelpstudentsunderstandeachpoem.TPCASTTstandsfortitle,paraphrase,con-notation,attitude/tone,shift,titleandtheme.FullanswersandpictureexamplesofcompletedsnowflakeprojectCloudandsnowflakepatternInstructionsforcompletingananalysisofpoetrySuggestionsforapplicationStandardsmastered:Listseveralpiecesoftextualevidencetosupportananalysis.Determineathemeorcentralideaofatextandanalyzeitsdevelopment.Analyzehowparticularelementsofastoryinteract.Determinethemeaningofwordsandphrasesasthey’reusedinatext.Analyzehowapoem’sformorstructurecontributestoitsmeaning.Makeyourclassroomfeellikeawinterwonderlandwithclassicwinterpoemsanalysis!1.WhichiscontainedinWinterPoetryAnalysis?A.Wordnumbersinapoem. B.Rewardsforthefirstprize.C.Analysisguidanceforpoems. D.Basictrainingforbeginners.2.Whowrotetwoofthefourclassicpoemsmentionedinthetext?A.RobertFrost. B.PercyByssheShelley.C.WilliamWordsworth. D.WilliamCarlosWilliams.3.Whichofthefollowingisthestandardyoumustmaster?A.Determiningthebackgroundofthewriter’swritingthepoem.B.Confirmingthemeaningofthewordsandphrasesofthepoem.C.Comparinganotherpoemwiththeoneyouarereadingaboutthetopic.D.Analyzinghowawriter’sexperiencecontributestohispoem’smeaning.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了《冬季詩(shī)歌分析》的詳細(xì)信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WinterPoetryAnalysisincludesfourclassicwinterpoems,analysisguidelines,lessonplans,fullanswers,/andasnowflake(雪花)projectthatcanhangin-yourclassroomallwinter!(《冬季詩(shī)歌分析》包括四首經(jīng)典的冬季詩(shī)歌、分析指導(dǎo)、課程計(jì)劃、完整答案，以及一個(gè)可以掛在教室里整個(gè)冬天的雪花項(xiàng)目！)”可知，《冬季詩(shī)歌分析》中包含了詩(shī)歌分析指導(dǎo)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Fourclassicpoems:部分中的“WinterTreesbyWilliamCarlosWilliams(威廉·卡洛斯·威廉姆斯的《冬日樹》)”和“BlizzardbyWilliamCarlosWilliams(威廉·卡洛斯·威廉姆斯的《暴雪》)”可知，文中提到的四首經(jīng)典詩(shī)歌中有兩首是威廉·卡洛斯·威廉姆斯寫的。故選D。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Standardsmastered:部分中的“Determinethemeaningofwordsandphrasesasthey’reusedinatext.(確定單詞和短語(yǔ)在文本中的含義。)”可知，你必須掌握的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是：確認(rèn)詩(shī)中單詞和短語(yǔ)的含義。故選B。BWhenRooseveltwasakid,hisdoctorsclaimedthathewastooweaktoliveanormallifelikemostchildrenofhisage.Theystronglyrecommendedhimtoavoidparticipationinanyphysicalactivities,fearingthatitcouldworsenhishealthconditionandpotentiallyleadtohisdeath.Theiropinionsimpliedthathewouldfaceuptoalifefullofallkindsoflimitations.Insteadofpermittingtheirlimitingbeliefsaboutwhathecoulddoandachieve,hechosetoliveameaningfullife.Despitehisdoctors’strongsuggestionsthatheremaininactive,hedidn’twanttobeacarefreeobserveroftheworldasitpassedhimby.Hewasdeterminedtoforcehimselftobeactive.Roosevelthaddailyadventuresinthewoodsasaboy.Hecontinuedtoplaysportswhenhegottocollege.Infact,hedidn’tjustplay,butheexcelledinbothboxingandrowing,bothofwhichrequireastonishinglevelsofstrengthandendurance.WhenRooseveltgraduatedfromcollege,hisdoctorswerestillnotcompletelysureabouthishealthcondition.Theystillbelievedthathewouldbeputtinghimselfinseriousdanger,becausehisheartproblemshadnotimproved.Theyfirmlybelievedthatitwouldbebesttofindadeskjobforhimaftercompletingacollegedegree.Onceagain,Rooseveltdecidedtochallengehimselftohisphysicallimitsbylivinganextremelyenergeticadultlife.Inabouteveryfieldhetookpart,hewouldaimtopushhisphysicallimits.Impressively,hewasexcellentasanexplorer,ahunter,anauthor,asoldierandapolitician.Eventually,Rooseveltwentbeyondthemistakenlimitationuponhimandlivedanamazinglife.4.WhatwouldhappenifRooseveltfollowedhisdoctors’suggestions?A.Hewouldliveameaningfullife.B.Hislifewouldbefulloflimitations.C.Hisparentswouldfeelsatisfiedwithhim.D.Hewouldbecomeanextraordinaryperson.5.WhatdidhisdoctorsexpectRoosevelttobecomeaftercollegegraduation?A.Anexplorer. B.Aboxingplayer.C.Anofficeclerk. D.Apolitician.6.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A.Byfollowingtimeorder. B.Bylistingobviousreasons.C.Bygivingsomeexamples. D.Bymakingnecessarycomparisons.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRoosevelt?A.Humorous. B.Generous. C.Considerate. D.Ambitious.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。Roosevelt小時(shí)候身體虛弱，醫(yī)生建議他不要參加任何體育活動(dòng)，但他突破身體的限制，選擇過一種有意義的人生。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Theiropinionsimpliedthathewouldfaceuptoalifefullofallkindsoflimitations.(他們的意見暗示他將面對(duì)充滿各種限制的生活)”可知，如果遵照醫(yī)生的建議，Roosevelt的生活將充斥著各種各樣的限制。故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“WhenRooseveltgraduatedfromcollege,hisdoctorswerestillnotcompletelysureabouthishealthcondition.Theystillbelievedthathewouldbeputtinghimselfinseriousdanger,becausehisheartproblemshadnotimproved.Theyfirmlybelievedthatitwouldbebesttofindadeskjobforhimaftercompletingacollegedegree.(羅斯福大學(xué)畢業(yè)時(shí)，他的醫(yī)生們?nèi)匀粚?duì)他的健康狀況不完全確定。他們?nèi)匀徽J(rèn)為他將把自己置于嚴(yán)重的危險(xiǎn)之中，因?yàn)樗男呐K問題沒有得到改善。他們堅(jiān)信，在他完成大學(xué)學(xué)位后，最好為他找一份辦公室工作。)”可知，醫(yī)生認(rèn)為Roosevelt大學(xué)畢業(yè)后最好找一份辦公室工作。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhenRooseveltwasakid,hisdoctorsclaimedthathewastooweaktoliveanormallifelikemostchildrenofhisage.(當(dāng)羅斯福還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，他的醫(yī)生說他太虛弱了，不能像大多數(shù)同齡的孩子那樣過正常的生活)”；第三段中“Hecontinuedtoplaysportswhenhegottocollege.(上大學(xué)后，他繼續(xù)參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng))”以及“Theyfirmlybelievedthatitwouldbebesttofindadeskjobforhimaftercompletingacollegedegree.(他們堅(jiān)信，在他完成大學(xué)學(xué)位后，最好為他找一份辦公室工作)”可知，文章主要是按時(shí)間順序敘述的。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Insteadofpermittingtheirlimitingbeliefsaboutwhathecoulddoandachieve,hechosetoliveameaningfullife.(他選擇過有意義的生活，而不是讓他們限制他能做什么和取得什么成就。)”，第二段的“Hewasdeterminedtoforcehimselftobeactive.Roosevelthaddailyadventuresinthewoodsasaboy.(他決心強(qiáng)迫自己積極起來。羅斯福小時(shí)候每天都在森林里冒險(xiǎn)。)”以及第三段的“Impressively,hewasexcellentasanexplorer,ahunter,anauthor,asoldierandapolitician.(令人印象深刻的是，他是一位出色的探險(xiǎn)家、獵人、作家、士兵和政治家。)”可知，在Roosevelt小時(shí)候，他的醫(yī)生建議他不要參加任何體育活動(dòng)，擔(dān)心參加體育活動(dòng)會(huì)使他的健康狀況惡化，但他選擇過一種有意義的人生，成為出色的探險(xiǎn)家、獵人、作家、士兵和政治家。由此可推知，Roosevelt有理想有抱負(fù)。故選D。CTalkingtoyourchildrenaboutthemisinformationtheymayfindonlineisagreatidea.Childrendon’talwayshavethejudgmentorcriticalthinkingskillstotestwhattheyreadorwatch,butthey’lldeveloptheseabilitiesquicklyifyouhelpthemfigureouthowtoseparatefactfromfiction.We’reheretohelpyoudojustthat!Don’twaitforyourkidstoapproachyouwithquestions——instead,takeafewminutestositdownwiththem.Letthemknowthatthere’salotofcontentoutthereontheInternet,andnotallo￡itistrue.Witheverythinggoingonintheworld,remindyourkidsthattheymightbeseeingalotofconfusing,falseinformationgoingaroundonsocialmediaandotherpartsoftheweb.It’sagoodideatoturnnewsreportsandTVshowsintoteachablemoments.Lookforsmallopportunitiestostarthelpfulconversationsaboutmisinformationwithyourkids.TakeaTVshowornewspaperarticleandtransformitintoahelpful,easywaytounderstandwhatmisinformationis9andhowtoavoidit.Misinformationcanbereallyupsettingandstressfulforyourkidstothinkabout.Letthemknowthatyou’realwaysavailabletolistenandanswertheirquestionsifthey’refeelingconfused.Reassureyourkidsthattherearenostupidquestions,andthatyou’realwayswillingtoexplainsomethingforthem.Teachyourkidsafewtrickstofact-checkmisinformationonline.Remindyourkidstobeonthelookoutforstrange-lookingwebsitelikethoseendingwithco.Tellthemtoreadthroughtheheadline.Ifithasalotofmistakes,orifit’swritteninallcapitalletters,there’sagoodchancethatitmightbemisinformation.Additionally,introduceyourkidstoofficialwebsites,whicharequickandeasywaystofact-checkinformation.8.Whyshouldpeopletalktotheirchildrenaboutonlinemisinformation?A.Thereisnoinformationholdingtrueonline,B.Thereisnooneelsewillingtoteachthechildren.C.Childrenlacktheabilitytojudgetheinformation.D.Childrencan’tdevelopthejudgementontheirown.9.Theapproachmentionedinparagraph4aimsto________.A.relievechildren’sfinancialburdenB.approachchildrenpositivelytohelpthemC.remindparentstoseizeeverychancetoteachD.encouragechildrentocommunicatewithparents10.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytobemisinformation?A.Apassageonthewebsitewww..B.A.C.ApassagetitledwithOriginsoftheMandelaEffect”.D.Apassagetitledwith”SHOK!GASRANOUTYESTERDAY“.11.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Parents. B.Teenagers. C.Students. D.Teachers.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說明文。文章介紹了家長(zhǎng)教育孩子辨別網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息真?zhèn)蔚姆椒??！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Childrendon’talwayshavethejudgmentorcriticalthinkingskillstotestwhattheyreadorwatch,butthey’lldeveloptheseabilitiesquicklyifyouhelpthemfigureouthowtoseparatefactfromfiction.(孩子們并不總是有判斷力或批判性思維能力來測(cè)試他們所讀或所看的內(nèi)容，但是如果你幫助他們弄清楚如何區(qū)分事實(shí)和虛構(gòu)，他們將很快發(fā)展這些能力。)”可知，我們要和孩子談?wù)摼W(wǎng)上的錯(cuò)誤信息，這是因?yàn)楹⒆觽內(nèi)鄙俦鎰e網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息真?zhèn)蔚哪芰?。故選C。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Misinformationcanbereallyupsettingandstressfulforyourkidstothinkabout.Letthemknowthatyou’realwaysavailabletolistenandanswertheirquestionsifthey’refeelingconfused.Reassureyourkidsthattherearenostupidquestions,andthatyou’realwayswillingtoexplainsomethingforthem.(錯(cuò)誤的信息對(duì)你的孩子來說是非常令人沮喪和有壓力的。讓他們知道，如果他們感到困惑，你隨時(shí)可以傾聽并回答他們的問題。讓你的孩子放心，沒有什么愚蠢的問題，你總是愿意為他們解釋一些事情。)”可推知，作者所列方法的目的是減輕孩子心理負(fù)擔(dān)，讓他們大膽與父母溝通。故選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Ifithasalotofmistakes,orifit’swritteninallcapitalletters,there’sagoodchancethatitmightbemisinformation.(如果它有很多錯(cuò)誤，或者它是用大寫字母寫的，很有可能是錯(cuò)誤的信息。)”可以判斷，標(biāo)題全是大寫字母且有錯(cuò)誤的文章傳達(dá)的往往是錯(cuò)誤信息。故選D。4.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Talkingtoyourchildrenaboutthemisinformationtheymayfindonlineisagreatidea.(和你的孩子談?wù)撍麄兛赡茉诰W(wǎng)上發(fā)現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤信息是一個(gè)很好的主意。)”可知，本文主要是寫給父母的。故選A。DWildlifecrossingsdon’tjustprotectanimals.Theycanalsomitigateproblemsrelatedtowildlife-vehiclecollisions(碰撞)andsavesignificantmoneyforacommunity.Wildlifecrossingsareman-madestructuresthathelpanimalsmovesafelyaroundtheirhabitat.Theyareoftenpathsunderoroveranotherexistingroadorrailway,orundergroundpassagesforanimalstogetpastforfoodoravoidingattacks.Someanimalsareunabletomigratetosurvive.Peoplestillrelyonhighwaysforbusinessandtravel,andanimalscontinuetohavemobilityneedsforsurvival,though.Whennewroadsarebuilt,animalslivinginapartoftheirhabitatcangreatlyincreasethenumberofwildlife-vehiclecollisionswhiletryingtocrossthenewbarriers.InanewstudyWisnuSugiarto,aWashingtonStateUniversityeconomiesdoctoralstudent,examineddatafor13ofthe22wildlifecrossings,includingbridgesandunderpasses,intheWashingtonState.Hecomparedthenumberofwildlife-vehiclecollisionseachyearbe-foreandaftertheconstructionofawildlifecrossing.Heconsideredtheareawithin10milesofacrossing.Thenhecomparedhisanalysistoaseparateareainthestatewithnocrossingsatall.“Thefindingsreportedthatwildlifecrossingstructuresreducedthenumberofwildlife-vehiclecollisionsbyonetothreeaccidentsonaveragepermileperyear,”Sugiartosaid.“Therefore,buildingwildlifecrossingstructuresistypicallyanessentialandeffectivestrategytoreducewildlife-vehiclecollisions.”“Priortoworkingonthisresearch,Iwasn’tawareofanystrategiestoreducewildlife-vehiclecollisions.Ialsothoughtwecouldn’tdomuchaboutit,partlybecausewewouldn’tbeabletocommunicatewithwildlifeandcontroltheirmovement,”Sugiartoadded,“However,itturnsoutthattherearemultiplestrategiestodealwithissuesrelatedtowildlife-vehiclecollisionsandwecandosomethingaboutthem.”Itisreportedthatthegovernmenthasinvested$350millionoverfiveyearsfortheconstructionofwildlifecrossings.Everywildlifecrossingoffersameanbenefitofbetween$235,000and$443,000eachyear.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”inparagraphImean?A.Analyze. B.Reduce. C.Study. D.Discover.13.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytellus?A.Howthewildlifecrossingsarebuilt.B.Whywildlifecrossingsarenecessary.C.Whatshouldbedonetocrosstheroads.D.Whenwildlife-vehiclecollisionshappen.14.WhatisSugiarto’sattitudetotheconstructionofwildlifecrossings?A.Tolerant. B.Doubtful. C.Favorable. D.Unclear.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WildlifecrossingssavewildanimalsandmoneyB.ThesizeofwildlifecrossingsaffectsanimalsgreatlyC.EverywildlifecrossinghasagreateffectonroadsafetyD.Wildlifecrossingsmanagetohelpanimalsmigratesafely【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說明文。Sugiarto通過研究華盛頓州22個(gè)野生動(dòng)物過境點(diǎn)中的13個(gè)事故的數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)，建立野生動(dòng)物過境點(diǎn)既能減少野生動(dòng)物與車輛碰撞事故的發(fā)生，也能省錢?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Wildlifecrossingsdon’tjustprotectanimals.Theycanalsomitigateproblemsrelatedtowildlife-vehiclecollisions(碰撞)andsavesignificantmoneyforacommunity.(野生動(dòng)物過境點(diǎn)不僅僅是保護(hù)動(dòng)物。它們還可以mitigate野生動(dòng)物與車輛碰撞的問題，并為社區(qū)節(jié)省大量資金)”中的notjust和also可知，上下文都介紹野生動(dòng)物過境點(diǎn)的好處。由此推知，它可以減少野生動(dòng)物與車輛碰撞事故的發(fā)生。即mitigate意為“減少”，與reduce(減少)同義。故選B?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Someanimalsareunabletomigratetosurvive.Peoplestillrelyonhighwaysforbusinessandtravel,andanimalscontinuetohavemobilityneedsforsurvival,though.Whennewroadsarebuilt,animalslivinginapartoftheirhabitatcangreatlyincreasethenumberofwildlifevehiclecollisionswhiletryingtocrossthenewbarriers.(有些動(dòng)物無法遷徙生存。盡管如此，人們?nèi)匀灰蕾嚫咚俟愤M(jìn)行商業(yè)和旅行，動(dòng)物仍然有生存的流動(dòng)需求。當(dāng)修建新的道路時(shí)，生活在其棲息地一部分的動(dòng)物在試圖越過新的障礙物時(shí)，會(huì)大大增加野生動(dòng)物與車輛相撞的次數(shù))”可知，本段主要說明了建立野生動(dòng)物過境點(diǎn)的必要性。故選B。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的“Therefore,buildingwildlifecrossingstructuresistypicallyanessentialandeffectivestrategytoreducewildlife-vehiclecollisions.(因此，建造野生動(dòng)物穿越結(jié)構(gòu)通常是減少野生動(dòng)物車輛碰撞的一項(xiàng)重要而有效的策略)”推知，Sugiarto對(duì)建立野生動(dòng)物過境點(diǎn)是支持的。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“Wildlifecrossingsdon’tjustprotectanimals.Theycanalsomitigateproblemsrelatedtowildlife-vehiclecollisions(碰撞)andsavesignificantmoneyforacommunity.(野生動(dòng)物過境點(diǎn)不僅僅是保護(hù)動(dòng)物。它們還可以減少野生動(dòng)物與車輛碰撞的問題，并為社區(qū)節(jié)省大量資金)”可知，本文主要介紹Sugiarto通過研究華盛頓州22個(gè)野生動(dòng)物過境點(diǎn)中的13個(gè)事故的數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)，建立野生動(dòng)物過境點(diǎn)既能減少野生動(dòng)物與車輛碰撞事故的發(fā)生，也能省錢。因此A項(xiàng)“Wildlifecrossingssavewildanimalsandmoney(野生動(dòng)物過境點(diǎn)既能拯救動(dòng)物還能省錢)”可以作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Environmentalissuescanoftenseemoverwhelming.We’veallseenthenewsheadlinesaboutplasticpollutionpoisoningouroceansandscaryclimatechangestatistics.Butinsteadoffeelingoverwhelmed,Iamchoosingtobemindful.Theeasiestplacewastostartwithmyhome.____16____.Replaceyourdisposables(一次性物品)withreusablethingsThefirstthingyoucandoisreplaceallyourplasticdrinkingbottleswithareusabledrinkbottle.____17____.Plasticisamajorpollutantofouroceans,that’sbecauseplastictakeshundredsofyearstobreakdownandouroceanlifemistakeitforfood!____18____Foodwasteisamajorissue!Foodsitsinourlandfillsandgivesoffpoisonousgreenhouseemissions.It’stimetodealwithfoodwasteinsteadofsendingthemtolandfill.Thismightbeassimpleassharingacompost(混合肥料)binwithyourneighborsorevenusingyourlocalcommunitycompost.Doasearchtoseewhatisaroundyou.Localneighborhoodsalsohaveworkshopsonsettingupacompostinyourownhome.Shoptheouteraisles(通道)ofthesupermarketShoppingtheouteraislesofthesupermarketmeansthatyouarebuyingpackage-freefood.Notonly-isthisbetterfortheplanet,it’salsoahealthieroptionforyouandyourfamily.____19____.MotherNaturehasalreadycreatedherownpackaging!Noplasticrequired!Consumeless____20____.Seeifyoucangooneweekoronemonthwithoutbuyinganyclothing,beautyitemsoraccessories.RealizingthatwehaveenoughandnotcravingmorehasbeenthebiggestlessonI’velearned.Thisissomethingyoucanteachyourfamilyaswell.A.ReuseandrecycleB.Putyourselfinano-spendingstateC.SetupaprocessingsystemthatworksforyouD.TheouteraislesarefulloffruitsandvegetablesE.Ifinallyfeltincontroloftheseseemingly“outofcontrol”issuesF.ThisisafunactivitythatshowswevalueourpreciousresourcesG.Plasticgrocerybagscanbereplacedwithreusableclothgrocerybags【答案】16E17.G18.C19.D20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述的是面對(duì)環(huán)境問題，作者認(rèn)為我們可以從自己的家里開始注意環(huán)境保護(hù)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Environmentalissuescanoftenseemoverwhelming.We’veallseenthenewsheadlinesaboutplasticpollutionpoisoningouroceansandscaryclimatechangestatistics.Butinsteadoffeelingoverwhelmed,Iamchoosingtobemindful.Theeasiestplacewastostartwithmyhome.(環(huán)境問題往往看起來勢(shì)不可擋。我們都看過關(guān)于塑料污染毒害海洋和可怕的氣候變化統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)的新聞?lì)^條。但我沒有感到不知所措，而是選擇保持警惕。最簡(jiǎn)單的地方就是從我的家開始。)”可知，作者面對(duì)環(huán)境問題，決定從身邊做起。而下文作者則列舉了具體的措施。因此可以推斷，空處應(yīng)該用于引出下文措施。選項(xiàng)E“Ifinallyfeltincontroloftheseseemingly“outofcontrol”issues(我終于覺得自己控制住了這些看似“失控”的問題)”承上啟下，符合上下文內(nèi)容。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Replaceyourdisposables(一次性物品)withreusablethings(用可重復(fù)使用的東西代替你的一次性物品)”可知，本段主要講述的是可以用可重復(fù)使用的東西代替一次性物品?？涨啊癟hefirstthingyoucandoisreplaceallyourplasticdrinkingbottleswithareusabledrinkbottle.(你能做的第一件事就是把所有的塑料飲料瓶換成可重復(fù)使用的飲料瓶。)”指的是用可重復(fù)使用的飲料瓶代替塑料瓶。選項(xiàng)G“Plasticgrocerybagscanbereplacedwithreusableclothgrocerybags(塑料購(gòu)物袋可以用可重復(fù)使用的布購(gòu)物袋代替)”指的是用布購(gòu)物袋取代塑料購(gòu)物袋。與上文內(nèi)容一致，和本段主要內(nèi)容——用可重復(fù)使用的東西代替你的一次性物品——保持一致。故選G?！?8題詳解】空處為小標(biāo)題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Foodwasteisamajorissue!Foodsitsinourlandfillsandgivesoffpoisonousgreenhouseemissions.It’stimetodealwithfoodwasteinsteadofsendingthemtolandfill.Thismightbeassimpleassharingacompost(混合肥料)binwithyourneighborsorevenusingyourlocalcommunitycompost.Doasearchtoseewhatisaroundyou.Localneighborhoodsalsohaveworkshopsonsettingupacompostinyourownhome.(食物浪費(fèi)是個(gè)大問題！食物被扔在垃圾填埋場(chǎng)，釋放出有毒的溫室氣體。是時(shí)候處理食物垃圾了，而不是把它們送到垃圾填埋場(chǎng)。這可能就像和你的鄰居共用一個(gè)堆肥箱一樣簡(jiǎn)單，甚至可以使用當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的堆肥。搜索一下你周圍有什么。當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)也有關(guān)于在自己家中設(shè)置堆肥的講習(xí)班。)”可知，本段主要建議讀者自己處理家里多余的食物，可以根據(jù)自己的周邊環(huán)境，選擇適合的方式。選項(xiàng)C“Setupaprocessingsystemthatworksforyou(建立一個(gè)適合你的處理系統(tǒng))”與下文內(nèi)容一致，故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Shoptheouteraisles(通道)ofthesupermarket(在超市的外通道購(gòu)物)”可知，本段主要建議讀者在超市的外通道購(gòu)物。根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Shoppingtheouteraislesofthesupermarketmeansthatyouarebuyingpackage-freefood.Notonly-isthisbetterfortheplanet,it’salsoahealthieroptionforyouandyourfamily.(在超市的外通道購(gòu)物意味著你買的是無包裝食品。這不僅對(duì)地球更好，對(duì)你和你的家人來說也是一個(gè)更健康的選擇。)”可知，上文主要講述的是在超市的外通道購(gòu)買無包裝的食品。選項(xiàng)D“Theouteraislesarefulloffruitsandvegetables(外面的過道里擺滿了水果和蔬菜)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，講的是可以在超市的外通道購(gòu)物。故選D?！?0題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Seeifyoucangooneweekoronemonthwithoutbuyinganyclothing,beautyitemsoraccessories.RealizingthatwehaveenoughandnotcravingmorehasbeenthebiggestlessonI’velearned.Thisissomethingyoucanteachyourfamilyaswell.(看看你能不能一周或一個(gè)月不買任何衣服、美容用品或配飾。意識(shí)到我們已經(jīng)足夠了，不再渴望更多，是我學(xué)到的最重要的一課。這也是你可以教給你的家人的。)”可知，本段主要建議讀者試一試不購(gòu)買非必要的東西。選項(xiàng)B“Putyourselfinano-spendingstate(讓自己處于不花錢的狀態(tài))”與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的都是不花錢。故選B。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。JacobMcFarlandlovesmakingandbringinghisparentscoffee.Andnowthe21-year-old,whohasautism(孤獨(dú)癥),hashisowncafe.Makingcoffeeforhisdadisapassion.Itmakeshimfeelvery___21___.Jacobishisfather’sbiggest___22___,andhelovescoffee.So,Jacobloveseverythinghisfatherloves.Jacobwas___23___himselfinalltypesofresearchabouttheproperbeanstouse,thebestwater,thewatertemperatureandthe___24___ofthewholething.Hisparents___25___arecordstoreintown,andtheyhadto___26___closeitsometimesbecauseitwasnotan___27___business.Jacob,whowas19atthetimeandhadgraduatedfromhighschool,wasstillincontinuingeducationcourses,butthose___28___too.So,thefamilydecidedtodoacoffeecart(推車)outsideoftheirstore.Thecoffeecartwasawaytokeep___29___comingout-eventhoughtheycouldn’tshopfor___30___insidethestore.Ithadadoublebenefit,becauseJacobgotto___31___hisdreamofbeingbarista(咖啡師).Notonlywasthecoffeebusinesssuccessful,ithelped___32___Jacob’slife.Thecafehasexpandedevenfurther,byemployingotheryoungpeoplewith___33___andhelpingthemwithfutureemploymentefforts.HavingabusinesshasalsohelpedJacobsocially.He’sfoundthe___34___sideofhimself.Andifthisweretoallgoawaytomorrow,the___35___inJacobintwoandahalfyearshasbeenwortheverything.21.A.famous B.injured C.happy D.tired22.A.fan B.son C.problem D.concern23.A.celebrating B.serving C.educating D.absorbing24.A.lecture B.technology C.point D.depth25.A.own B.buy C.need D.build26.A.fluently B.gradually C.absolutely D.temporarily27.A.honorable B.exciting C.essential D.accessible28.A.spread B.stopped C.existed D.indicated29.A.businessmen B.guests C.passengers D.customers30.A.records B.vegetables C.equipments D.clothes31.A.gothrough B.comeup C.liveout D.cutin32.A.plan B.change C.design D.imagine33.A.disabilities B.skills C.knowledge D.experience34.A.original B.artificial C.inner D.social35.A.adventure B.anxiety C.progress D.promise【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.A26.D27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32.B33.A34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了JacobMcFarland一家因?yàn)樵谧约页晖忾_了一個(gè)咖啡車，改變了Jacob的生活的故事。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這使他感到非常高興。A.famous出名的；B.injured受傷的；C.happy快樂的；D.tired疲憊的。根據(jù)上文“Makingcoffeeforhisdadisapassion.(為他爸爸煮咖啡是他的愛好)”可知，煮咖啡讓他感到高興。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雅各布是他父親的頭號(hào)粉絲，而且他喜歡咖啡。A.fan愛好者；B.son兒子；C.problem問題；D.concern關(guān)心。根據(jù)后文“So,Jacobloveseverythinghisfatherloves.(所以，雅各愛他父親愛的一切)”可知，這里指雅各布是他父親的頭號(hào)粉絲，故選A。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雅各布全神貫注地研究各種各樣的問題，比如用什么豆子最合適，用什么水最好，水溫如何，還有整個(gè)過程的技術(shù)。A.celebrating慶祝；B.serving服務(wù)；C.educating教育；D.absorbing吸收，專心于。根據(jù)后文“himselfinalltypesofresearchabouttheproperbeanstouse,thebestwater,thewatertemperature”可知，雅各布專注于各種各樣的研究，包括合適的豆子、最好的水、水溫，短語(yǔ)beabsorboneselfin表示“全身心投入”。故選D。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雅各布全神貫注地研究各種各樣的問題，比如用什么豆子最合適，用什么水最好，水溫如何，還有整個(gè)過程的技術(shù)。A.lecture演講；B.technology技術(shù)；C.point要點(diǎn)；D.depth深度。根據(jù)后文“ofthewholething”此處指整個(gè)煮咖啡過程的技術(shù)。故選B。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父母在鎮(zhèn)上開了一家唱片店，有時(shí)他們不得不暫時(shí)關(guān)閉它，因?yàn)樗皇且粋€(gè)重要的業(yè)務(wù)。A.own擁有；B.buy購(gòu)買；C.need需要；D.build修建。根據(jù)后文“arecordstoreintown”指父母擁有一家唱片店鋪。故選A。【26題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父母在鎮(zhèn)上開了一家唱片店，有時(shí)他們不得不暫時(shí)關(guān)閉它，因?yàn)樗皇且粋€(gè)重要的業(yè)務(wù)。A.fluently流暢地；B.gradually逐漸地；C.absolutely絕對(duì)；D.temporarily暫時(shí)地。根據(jù)后文“closeitsometimesbecauseitwasnotan”可知，因?yàn)椴皇侵匾獦I(yè)務(wù)，所以會(huì)暫時(shí)關(guān)閉唱片店。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父母在鎮(zhèn)上開了一家唱片店，有時(shí)他們不得不暫時(shí)關(guān)閉它，因?yàn)樗皇且粋€(gè)重要的業(yè)務(wù)。A.honorable光榮的；B.exciting令人激動(dòng)的；C.essential重要的；D.accessible可達(dá)到的。根據(jù)上文“close”可知，暫時(shí)關(guān)閉是因?yàn)椴皇侵匾臉I(yè)務(wù)。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雅各布當(dāng)時(shí)19歲，高中畢業(yè)，還在繼續(xù)教育課程，但是那些課程也停止了。A.spread傳播；B.stopped停止；C.existed存在；D.indicated表明。根據(jù)上文“wasstillincontinuingeducationcourses,butthose”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明課程停止了。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：咖啡車是一種吸引顧客的方式——即使他們不能在店里買唱片。A.businessmen生意人；B.guests來賓，客人；C.passengers乘客；D.customers顧客。他們利用咖啡車來吸引顧客，應(yīng)用customers。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：咖啡車是一種吸引顧客的方式——即使他們不能在店里買唱片。A.records唱片；B.vegetables蔬菜；C.equipments裝備；D.clothes衣服。呼應(yīng)上文“arecordstoreintown”指在店里買唱片。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這有雙重好處，因?yàn)檠鸥鞑紝?shí)現(xiàn)了他當(dāng)咖啡師的夢(mèng)想。A.gothrough經(jīng)歷；B.comeup走近；C.liveout住在外面；D.cutin插嘴。根據(jù)后文“hisdreamofbeingbarista”指雅各布實(shí)現(xiàn)了他當(dāng)咖啡師的夢(mèng)想，應(yīng)用liveoutone’sdream。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：咖啡生意不僅成功了，還