2023年教師資格之中學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力真題練習(xí)試卷B卷附答案

2023年教師資格之中學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力真題練習(xí)試卷B卷附答案

單選題（共50題）1、Whichstageofthespeakinglessonistheleastcontrolledbyteachers?A.PresentationB.PracticeC.PreparationD.Production【答案】D2、_______wearesuccessful,wecanbesurethatwedidourbest.A.ProvidedthatB.IfonlyC.IfornotD.Whetherornot【答案】D3、Polyester(聚酯)isnowbeingusedforbottles.ICI,thechemicalsandplasticscompany,believesthatitisnowbeginningtobreakthegripofglassonthebottlebusinessandthustakeadvantageofthishugemarket.A.ThepriceofoilandplastichasrisenB.ItisnotsuitableforcontaininggassydrinksC.ThepublicliketraditionalglassbottlesD.Shop-keepersdislikereusablebottles【答案】C4、WhichofthefollowingcorrectlydescribestheEnglishphoneme/θ/A.AvoicelessdentalfricativeB.AvoicelessalveolarfricativeC.AvoicelessdentalplosiveD.Avoicelessalveolarplosive【答案】A5、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成第小題。A.HehasbenefitedfromtheAmericaneducationB.HehasbeenharmedbytheAmericaneducationC.HehasnotlaidasolidfoundationforhisacademiccareerD.Hehasselectedcoursesthatdonotsupporthisoverallacademicformation【答案】A6、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成第小題。A.UndisturbedB.InfuriatedC.UnconcernedD.Frustrated【答案】A7、Passage1A.TheincreaseofagediscriminationB.ThedecreaseofagediscriminationC.ThedecreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuitsD.Theincreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits【答案】C8、Toassesshowwellstudentsareabletoapplywhattheyhavelearnedincompletingagiventask,ateacherwoulduse__________assessment.A.performanceB.selfC.competenceD.peer【答案】A9、Passage1A.ShetookgoodcareoflittleOprahB.ShewasverystrictwithlittleOprahC.ShefailedtodisciplineOprahforhermisbehaviorD.Shemarriedagainandhadanothertwochildren【答案】C10、Passage2A.TheEskimosdonotsufferfromcoldsallthetimeB.ColdsarenotcausedbycoldC.PeoplesufferfromcoldsjustbecausetheyliketostayindoorsD.Apersonmaycatchacoldbytouchingsomeonewhoalreadyhasone【答案】C11、Passage1A.SomeeditorsofmainstreampublishersarecriticalB.ManyLatinowritersweremostlyfavoredbysmallpressesC."RainofGold"wasgoingtobeoneofthefirstChicanobooksD."RainofGold"wasintendedtobepublishedasanovelbytheauthor【答案】A12、請(qǐng)閱讀短文。A.anexcuseforlazinessB.theresultofpoorstudyhabitsC.arealproblemD.somethingthatcannotbechanged【答案】C13、請(qǐng)閱讀Passaqel，完成第小題。A.Ithasn'thelpedimprovebalancesheetsB.Itisanage-oldpracticeformostAmericansC.IthasbeenontherisesincetherecentrecessionbeganD.IthasreflectedtheAmericantraditionofself-abnegation【答案】C14、Writingexerciseslikecopying,fill-in,completionsandtransformationaremainlythetypeofexercisesusedin_________A.controlledwritingB.guidedwritingC.freewritingD.expressivewriting【答案】A15、Passage2A.trustourfirstimpressionB.doaspeopleusuallydoC.thinkbeforeweactD.askforexpertadvice【答案】C16、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage1，完成題：A.lastingdamagetothelungsB.destructionofthetissuesC.temporarynon-functioningoftheheartD.thattheorganismcannotberevived【答案】C17、Thiscellphonewilllastfor6hoursof__________use.Thenyou'llhavetorechargethebattery.A.complexB.temporaryC.exclusiveD.fragile【答案】B18、Whichofthefollowingshowsthegeneralintonationpatterninacomplexsentence?A.WhenIstartedmy↗careertherewasno↗unemploymentB.WhenIstartedmy↗careertherewasno↘unemploymentC.WhenIstartedmy↘careertherewasno↗unemploymentD.WhenIstartedmy↘careertherewasno↘unemployment【答案】B19、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成第小題。A.MouthandtongueB.NoseandmouthC.ChestandshouldersD.Elbowandforearms【答案】B20、Passage2A.Safe,wrappedandfactory-madeB.Original,homemadeandexpensiveC.Delicious,manufacturedandexpensiveD.Convenient,homemadeandinexpensive【答案】A21、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.Exercisingcan'thelpreducetheharmcausedbysittingB.TheharmdependsontheprolongedtimesittingatadeskC.ExercisingisnotnecessaryforpeopleD.Exercisinghasnoadvantagesforpeoplewhooftensit【答案】B22、Anaspiratedp,anunaspiratedpandanunreleasedpare__________ofthepphoneme.A.analoguesB.tagmemesC.morphemesD.allophones【答案】D23、Theword“transistor”isformedbyjoiningtogethertheinitialpartof“transfer”andthefinalpartof“resister”,andthiswordformationiscalled_______A.compoundingB.blendingC.back-formationD.borrowing【答案】B24、Inwriting,whichsessionisusedtogetstudentstothinkfreelyandputdownallpossibleideasrelatedtothetopicthatcometotheirminds?A.ProofreadingB.RevisingC.BrainstormingD.Mapping【答案】C25、Nowthatwe'vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions__________?A.takingB.takeC.takenD.totake【答案】C26、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2。完成第小題。A.TheWorldCupbroadcasthasbrokenitsrecordinAmericaB.Americans'interestinfootballhassurgedthisyearC.SmartphonesandtabletsbecomemoreandmorepopularD.AmericanswerenotinterestedinTheWorldCuppreviously【答案】B27、Passage2A.BadmomentB.GoldentimeC.RushhourD.Luckyday【答案】B28、Passage1A.Preparingstudentsforhigh-stakestestsB.Developingstudents’analyticalthinkingskillsC.AssistingstudentstoattaintheCommonCorestandardsD.Enhancingstudents’abilitytocopewithlearningpressures【答案】B29、Allthings__________,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.A.consideredB.beconsideredC.consideringD.havingconsidered【答案】A30、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.ThereshouldbeanationalfundingmodelB.CostofdeliveringeducationshouldnotbethemajorconcernofschoolfundingC.Thereisacloserelationshipbetweenincreasedexpenditureandraisingstandards,D.Theeducationaldepartmentschoolshouldcontroltheallocationoffundingtoindependentschool【答案】A31、Nancy′sgonetoworkbuthercar′sstillthere.She__________bybus.A.musthavegoneB.shouldhavegoneC.oughttohavegoneD.couldhavegone【答案】A32、Readingistothemind__________foodistothebody.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what【答案】D33、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成第小題。A.criticalB.questioningC.approvingD.objective【答案】C34、Mostpeopleonthisislandarerecreationalfishers,and__________,fishingformsanactualpartoftheirleisuretime．A.accidentallyB.purposefullyC.obviouslyD.formally【答案】C35、Whichofthefollowinginstructionsishelpfulindevelopingstudents′abilitytomakeinferencesA.ListentoastoryandwriteasummaryB.Listentoastoryandworkoutthewriter'sintentionC.ListentothestoryofaboyandthendrawapictureofhimD.Listentoastoryandnotedownthespecificdateofanevent【答案】B36、Whichofthefollowingisacommunicationgame?A.BingoB.WordchainC.RearranginganddescribingD.Cross-wordpuzzle【答案】C37、請(qǐng)閱讀短文，完成此題。A.MoststudentspreferextracurricularactivitiestoacademicsB.MoststudentsofHarvardUniversitystillpayattentiontoacademicsC.ThetuitionfeeofHarvardUniversityisquitehighD.Cheatingphenomenonmeannoenterpriseofstudents【答案】B38、Whenteachingstudentshowtogiveappropriateresponsestoacongratulationoranapology,theteacherisprobablyteachingat_________.A.lexicallevelB.sentencelevelC.grammaticallevelD.discourselevel【答案】D39、Passage2A.interpretthefunctionofforgettingB.illustratetheprocessofadaptingC.explaintheperformanceofmemoryD.emphasizetheimportanceoflearning【答案】A40、Whenateachersays,"Isthissentenceright?",he/shemaybedoingallofthefollowingEXCEPT____.A.givingstudentsfeedbackB.elicitingstudents'responsesC.invitingstudents'judgmentsD.correctingamistakeexplicitly【答案】D41、Passage2A.itmightbepossibletochangeitsatmosphereB.itsatmosphereisthesameastheearth'sC.thereisagoodsupplyofwateronVenusD.thedaysonVenusarelongenough【答案】A42、LittleisknownofOliver'schildhood，_____atthefactoryattheearlyageofeight.A.supposethatheworkedB.providedthatheworkedC.providingthatheworkedD.savethathebegantowork【答案】D43、Tom,takethisbaggageandputit__________youcanfindenoughspace.A.whichB.inwhichC.whereverD.whereas【答案】C44、Ihavepersonallycometounderstandthat“empowerment”isnotalessonthatcanbethoughtbywayoftextbooksorlectures,projectsorfieldtrips,andnotevenbywayofprinciplesandinspirationalteaching.Itmustbetaughtbypersonalexamples.A.OvercomeB.EncounterC.MovearoundD.Takeaway【答案】A45、Thesounds/praiz/shouldmatchtheword__________.A.prizeB.praiseC.priceD.piece【答案】A46、Don'tbediscouraged,__________andyouwillsurelypasstheexam.A.MakeabitmoreeffortB.TomakeabitmoreeffortC.MakingabitmoreeffortD.Ifyoumakeamoreeffort【答案】A47、WhichofthefolIowingstatementsabouttake-basedlanguageteachingisNOTtrue?A.StudentsshouldbegiventaskstoperformorproblemstosolveintheclassroomB.Studentsaretask-drivenC.Task-basedlanguageteachingisstudent-centeredD.Task-basedlanguageteachingisteacher-centered【答案】D48、Unlikeher__________sister,Judithisashy,unsociablepersonwhodislikestogotopartiesortomakenewfriends.A.charmingB.friendlyC.graciousD.gregarious【答案】D49、Passage1A.ThelyricisbeautifulpoetryofactionandstoryB.ThemostimportantfeatureofthelyricisitsmusicalformC.PoetrygainsitsmeaningwhenreadsilentlyandcarefullyD.Poedefinedallpoetryaspuremusicwithchimingsyllables【答案】B50、Consonantsareclassifiedintermsof__________.A.theplacewheretheairstreamobstructionoccursB.thepartoftonguethatisthehighestC.opennessofthemouthD.thelengthofthesound【答案】A大題（共10題）一、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。簡(jiǎn)述語(yǔ)法教學(xué)中常用的兩種教學(xué)方法和其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。【答案】演繹法和歸納法是語(yǔ)法教學(xué)常用的兩種教學(xué)方法。(1)在演繹教學(xué)中，教師首先直接講解語(yǔ)法規(guī)則并舉例說(shuō)明，然后讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行各種替換練習(xí)、句子練習(xí)等訓(xùn)練。這種教學(xué)方式講解清楚，易于理解。但是在這種方式下，學(xué)生對(duì)教師的依賴性比較強(qiáng)，學(xué)到的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)也容易遺忘。演繹法注重形式而非使用，學(xué)生處于被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)的狀態(tài)。(2)在歸納教學(xué)中，教師將學(xué)生首先置于含有語(yǔ)法規(guī)則的語(yǔ)境中，然后根據(jù)上下文的信息歸納出語(yǔ)法規(guī)則。這種方法有利于學(xué)生在語(yǔ)境中接觸語(yǔ)言，激發(fā)學(xué)生的參與興趣，使學(xué)生理解語(yǔ)法所適用的語(yǔ)境、表達(dá)的含義以及所承載的功能，分析、歸納、總結(jié)語(yǔ)言的使用規(guī)律。深化學(xué)生對(duì)語(yǔ)法的理解，有助于學(xué)生分析能力和注意力的培養(yǎng)。但是歸納法對(duì)學(xué)生和教師的要求都很高，也比較費(fèi)時(shí)。對(duì)教師來(lái)講，創(chuàng)造真實(shí)的語(yǔ)境有時(shí)比較困難，而且不一定能引導(dǎo)學(xué)生得出正確的規(guī)則，也不能滿足所有學(xué)生的需要。學(xué)生必須能夠主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)。愿意動(dòng)腦去發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律，否則會(huì)對(duì)規(guī)則的印象不深，難以鞏固。二、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。作業(yè)的意義是什么?(6分)請(qǐng)為“Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?”這一單元設(shè)計(jì)兩種不同形式的作業(yè)并闡述原因。(14分)【答案】(1)作業(yè)的意義：①可以檢查自己的學(xué)習(xí)效果。②可以加深對(duì)知識(shí)的理解。③可以培養(yǎng)思維能力。④做作業(yè)可以為總復(fù)習(xí)積累資料。(2)作業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)：①根據(jù)新課改的理念，老師在學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中要培養(yǎng)他們的動(dòng)手操作以及實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力，所以教師在本單元結(jié)束后可以讓孩子們?cè)诩依餅樽砸训陌职謰寢屪鲆槐涛?，這樣學(xué)生們不僅做到了學(xué)以致用，同時(shí)父母也可以了解孩子在學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容，也為一家人創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)溫馨相處的機(jī)會(huì)。②為了培養(yǎng)學(xué)生們的創(chuàng)新能力，教師可以讓學(xué)生們回去想想我們還可以用哪些材料制作飲品，并作記錄用英文在下節(jié)課中分享。這樣的作業(yè)新穎有趣，記錄過(guò)程也鍛煉了學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作能力，在課堂中分享也是為學(xué)生們提供一個(gè)展現(xiàn)自我的機(jī)會(huì)，培養(yǎng)他們的表達(dá)能力，幫學(xué)生建立自信心。三、請(qǐng)簡(jiǎn)要分析該教師的行為體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)反饋的什么要求。教學(xué)片段：T：What’sthethemeofthepassageWhydoyouthinksoStudentA，please．A：Thepassageisabouttheinventionoftabletennis．T：Good．AnyotherideasStudentB．B：Itisaboutwhoinventsthetabletennis．T：OK，sitdownplease．Anyoneelse(Afteraminute．)T：OK．WhoagreeswithStudentAPleaseraiseyourhand．(Somestudentsraisetheirhand．)T：WhoagreeswithStudentB(Someotherstudentsraisetheirhand．)T：Great．Nowlet’sreadthepassageagain，andpayattentiontothefirstsentenceofeachparagraph．Let’sworkouttogetherwhoseopinionisthemainideaofthepassage，A’sorB’s．【答案】這段案例體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)反饋要有目的性，要有及時(shí)性，要體現(xiàn)參與度和要有啟發(fā)性。本案例中讀完文章后教師立即設(shè)置問(wèn)題，體現(xiàn)了反饋的及時(shí)性。教師設(shè)置提問(wèn)反饋的目的是看看學(xué)生是否采取了正確的閱讀策略獲取文章大意，具有很強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性。通過(guò)讓學(xué)生舉手表決的方式，體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)反饋的參與度。通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)其他學(xué)生提出不同的見(jiàn)解，最后又點(diǎn)撥學(xué)生通過(guò)認(rèn)真讀每段的第一句話來(lái)總結(jié)文章的中心思想，體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)反饋的啟發(fā)性。四、根據(jù)提供的信息和語(yǔ)言素材設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語(yǔ)言素材，設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)25分鐘的閱讀訓(xùn)練活動(dòng)。教案沒(méi)有固定格式．但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications教學(xué)時(shí)間：25分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中一年級(jí)學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》五級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語(yǔ)言素材：Franklin'sFamousKiteExperimentIntheeighteenthcentury,BenjaminFranklinconductedanumberofexperimentsinwhichheshowedwhatelectricityis.Hereishowhedescribedoneofhisexperiments.【答案】Classtype：ReadingclassTeachingContents：Franklin’sFamousKiteExperimentTeachingObjectives：(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanmasterthefollowingwords,phrasesandthesentencepatterns.①I(mǎi)mportantwords:conduct,charge,shock,prove,tear,fasten,explain,appear②Importantphrases:doanexperiment,agreatdeal,tie...tostop...from...③Importantsentencepatterns:HavingrealizedthatIcoulduseIdecidedtodoanexperiment.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentscanimprovetheirreadingabilitythroughreadingactivities.(3)Emotionalobjectives①Afterlearningthepassage,studentsareexpectedtoknowaboutsomefamousscientistsandtheirinventionsandtrainstudents'qualitiesofscience.②Studentswillhaveaseriousattitudetowardsscience.TeachingKeyPoints:五、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)。用中文作答。下面是某初中老師對(duì)IfIbecomeanathlete，willIbehappy?閱讀課的目標(biāo)陳述。①語(yǔ)言技能目標(biāo)：能根據(jù)標(biāo)題預(yù)測(cè)文章大意；能充分使用略讀(skimming)、尋讀(scanning)、總結(jié)(summarizing)等閱讀微技巧。②語(yǔ)言知識(shí)目標(biāo)：知道如下重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語(yǔ)：professional，chance，charity，injured,make?aliving(by)doing／asa…，allthetime，haveadifficulttimewith／doing。③情感態(tài)度目標(biāo)：了解專業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的幸福與艱辛，知道每一種工作都有其好處與不足。④學(xué)習(xí)策略目標(biāo)：能在辯論中積極與小組成員合作。⑤文化意識(shí)目標(biāo)：知道中西方著名專業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的奮斗史。根據(jù)上面的信息，從下面三個(gè)方面作答：(1)從目標(biāo)建構(gòu)和陳述兩個(gè)角度，評(píng)析該教學(xué)目標(biāo)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。(12分)(2)對(duì)不合理的教學(xué)目標(biāo)進(jìn)行修改。(8分)(3)簡(jiǎn)述教師應(yīng)如何確定教學(xué)目標(biāo)。(10分)【答案】(1)優(yōu)點(diǎn)：①該教師的教學(xué)目標(biāo)陳述充分展示了教師對(duì)發(fā)展學(xué)生綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的課程理念的理解與運(yùn)用。②目標(biāo)陳述較為規(guī)范，采用了行為目標(biāo)的陳述方法，用學(xué)生“知道什么”和“能做什么”的句式陳述目標(biāo)。行為主體是學(xué)生，有明確的行為動(dòng)詞，如知道、預(yù)測(cè)、了解、辯論等。部分目標(biāo)陳述說(shuō)明了行為條件，如“根據(jù)標(biāo)題”“在辯論中”等；也說(shuō)明了表現(xiàn)程度，如“充分”“自由”等。缺點(diǎn)：①語(yǔ)言知識(shí)目標(biāo)中“知道如下重點(diǎn)詞匯與短語(yǔ)”，學(xué)習(xí)策略目標(biāo)中“能在辯論中積極與小組成員合作”不夠具體，比較籠統(tǒng)。②文化意識(shí)目標(biāo)不夠具體，如具體知道哪些中西方著名運(yùn)動(dòng)員的奮斗史。(2)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)目標(biāo)：在語(yǔ)境中正確理解和掌握單詞和詞組“professional，chance，charity，injured，makealiving(by)doing／asa…，allthetime，haveadifficulttimewith／doing”。學(xué)習(xí)策略目標(biāo)：懂得看待問(wèn)題要一分為二，看清事物的利弊，并在辯論中積極與小組成員合作，主動(dòng)與他人交流。文化意識(shí)目標(biāo)：知道中國(guó)著名專業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員林書(shū)豪的奮斗史。(3)確定教學(xué)目標(biāo)的主要依據(jù)是課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、教材內(nèi)容和學(xué)生實(shí)際情況。首先，課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是確定教學(xué)目標(biāo)的綱領(lǐng)。教師必須研讀課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，明晰課程總目標(biāo)，熟知其內(nèi)容標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，根據(jù)內(nèi)容標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和單元教學(xué)目標(biāo)來(lái)構(gòu)建具體課時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)。其次，教師應(yīng)認(rèn)真分析教材。教材是教學(xué)任務(wù)的主要來(lái)源，教學(xué)必須要完成教材規(guī)定的基本教學(xué)任務(wù)。教材對(duì)教學(xué)重點(diǎn)的規(guī)定性決定了確定教學(xué)目標(biāo)必須建立在分析教材的基礎(chǔ)之上。再次，教師應(yīng)分析學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)需求。教師應(yīng)針對(duì)學(xué)生的群體特點(diǎn)和個(gè)體差異，依據(jù)學(xué)情制訂合理的教學(xué)目標(biāo)。六、根據(jù)題目要求完成-FN任務(wù)，用中文作答。在語(yǔ)法教學(xué)中，語(yǔ)法練習(xí)的形式有哪幾種(10分)?請(qǐng)對(duì)任意兩種練習(xí)形式進(jìn)行舉例說(shuō)明(10分)?！敬鸢浮?1)語(yǔ)法練習(xí)的形式①機(jī)械型練習(xí)。這類(lèi)練習(xí)的作用是幫助學(xué)生熟記、掌握語(yǔ)法規(guī)則和形式，一般使用互不連接的單獨(dú)結(jié)構(gòu)、短語(yǔ)或句子。常見(jiàn)的練習(xí)形式有填空、選擇和替換等。②意義型練習(xí)。這類(lèi)練習(xí)強(qiáng)調(diào)形式的正確理解和輸出，但同時(shí)涉及了意義。練習(xí)仍然使用互不連接的單獨(dú)結(jié)構(gòu)，答案通常是確定的。常見(jiàn)的練習(xí)形式有：基于意義的填空或選擇、配對(duì)、改錯(cuò)及合并句子、漢譯英或英譯漢等。③交際型練習(xí)。這類(lèi)練習(xí)最有使用價(jià)值和趣味性，它強(qiáng)調(diào)以交際為目的的意義輸出或理解，在交際過(guò)程中同時(shí)注意結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用。常見(jiàn)的練習(xí)形式有：兩人活動(dòng)、小組討論活動(dòng)、角色扮演活動(dòng)、頭腦風(fēng)暴活動(dòng)等。(2)練習(xí)舉例①機(jī)械型練習(xí)——替換練習(xí)T：I’mtryingtofindabookinthebox．S：I’mtryingtofindabookinthebox．T：shell．S：I’Hitryingtofindabookintheshelf．T：bed．S：I’mtryingtofindabookinthebed．②意義型練習(xí)——漢譯英我打算在我家鄉(xiāng)買(mǎi)套房子。七、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。請(qǐng)閱讀下面一份學(xué)生的書(shū)面表達(dá)以及教師的評(píng)語(yǔ)，并回答問(wèn)題。Hi，Suzanne，?Firstofall，welcometoChina．Infact，manystudentshavethesameproblemlikeyou．As?matteroffact，it?doesn’t?asdifficultasyouthink．Butways?aregreat?importance．Herearesometips：?Firstly，reviewyourlessonsSOthatitcanhelpyoucatchtheimportantpoints．Alsoreadbooksinadvance．Andputyourheartintoclass，especial?whattheteachersays．?Secondly．don’tbe?afraidmake?mistakes．It’sagoodstudyhabitwhich?playaimportant?role?inlearninglanguage．?Thirdly，trytodosomethinghardandalwaysdiscusssomeproblemswithyourclassmatesinChineseSOthatyoucanlearnChinesefromyourclassmates．?Finally，tobepatient?whenyoustilldopoorlyinChinese．Asyouknow，Romeisn’tbuildinaday．AstimegoesOil，youwill?success?soonerorlater．?IhopethatyoucanmakegreatprogressinChinese．Goodluck!Yours，?XiaoYu?教師的評(píng)語(yǔ)：結(jié)構(gòu)合理，層次清晰。過(guò)渡詞用得很好，使用了較復(fù)雜的句式為文章增色了許多。但畫(huà)線地方有誤，請(qǐng)改正。(1)該教師對(duì)學(xué)生作文的錯(cuò)誤地方畫(huà)線有何作用?(8分)【答案】(1)教師對(duì)學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤地方畫(huà)線，是一種讓學(xué)生修改其錯(cuò)誤的提示性標(biāo)記。材料中教師在錯(cuò)誤處畫(huà)線，有助于學(xué)生在自我更正的過(guò)程中積極地思考出錯(cuò)的原因，從錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)。同時(shí)，學(xué)生能夠?qū)λ鶎W(xué)知識(shí)進(jìn)行查漏補(bǔ)缺．可以認(rèn)識(shí)到自己還沒(méi)有完全掌握哪些知識(shí)點(diǎn)或哪些語(yǔ)言規(guī)則掌握得不準(zhǔn)確。學(xué)生可以從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)到知識(shí)，及時(shí)彌補(bǔ)知識(shí)的殘缺。(2)該教師在批改此學(xué)生的作文時(shí)，能夠認(rèn)真閱讀并指出錯(cuò)誤之處，并希望學(xué)生自行改正，是教師批改的一大優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但該教師沒(méi)有區(qū)分錯(cuò)誤的類(lèi)型，對(duì)于出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤不加區(qū)分一律畫(huà)線，是其批改中出現(xiàn)的不當(dāng)之處。有的學(xué)生可以領(lǐng)悟出來(lái)，如beafraidmakemistakes，playaimportant等。此類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤不必多加解釋，經(jīng)過(guò)提示，學(xué)生可以自行解決。但例如Asamatteroffact，學(xué)生很難發(fā)現(xiàn)其出錯(cuò)原因是前面用了infact，造成重復(fù)現(xiàn)象。還有tobepatientwhenyoustilldopoorlyinChinese，學(xué)生很可能搞不懂錯(cuò)在哪里。這時(shí)，教師應(yīng)給出詳細(xì)解釋，確保學(xué)生理解錯(cuò)誤原因。因此，對(duì)學(xué)生書(shū)面表達(dá)中出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤的處理方式應(yīng)有別于口語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤處理方式。從某種程度上說(shuō)．書(shū)面表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤的處理應(yīng)更加嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，要求學(xué)生充分運(yùn)用所掌握的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)來(lái)監(jiān)察和修改語(yǔ)言輸出，少出或不出語(yǔ)言形式方面的錯(cuò)誤。(3)教師如果在教學(xué)過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生普遍存在某一類(lèi)的言語(yǔ)錯(cuò)誤，此類(lèi)現(xiàn)象可以看作對(duì)課堂教學(xué)是否高效的一種反饋。教師可以通過(guò)對(duì)普遍性錯(cuò)誤的分析，找出教學(xué)中的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，從而針對(duì)學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況，及時(shí)優(yōu)化教學(xué)內(nèi)容，改進(jìn)教學(xué)方法，促進(jìn)教學(xué)質(zhì)量的進(jìn)一步提高。八、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)。用中文作答。簡(jiǎn)述語(yǔ)法教學(xué)中演繹法和歸納法的教學(xué)過(guò)程及其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)?！敬鸢浮坎捎醚堇[法教授語(yǔ)法，教師首先直接講解語(yǔ)法規(guī)則并舉例說(shuō)明，然后讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行各種替換練習(xí)、句子練習(xí)等訓(xùn)練。這種教學(xué)方式講解清楚，易于理解。比較適合具有強(qiáng)烈學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)的學(xué)習(xí)者。但是在這種方式下，學(xué)生對(duì)教師的依賴性比較強(qiáng)，學(xué)到的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)也容易遺忘。演繹法注重形式而非使用，學(xué)生處于被動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)的狀態(tài)。采用歸納法教授語(yǔ)法.教師讓學(xué)生首先接觸含有語(yǔ)法規(guī)則的語(yǔ)境.然后根據(jù)上下文的信息歸納出語(yǔ)法規(guī)則。這種方法可以增加學(xué)生和語(yǔ)言的接觸，有助于激發(fā)學(xué)生的參與。使學(xué)生理解語(yǔ)法所適用的語(yǔ)境、所表達(dá)的含義以及所承載的功能，分析歸納總結(jié)語(yǔ)言使用規(guī)律，深化學(xué)生對(duì)用法的理解，有助于學(xué)生分析能力和注意力的培養(yǎng)。但是使用歸納法教授語(yǔ)法，對(duì)學(xué)生和教師的要求都很高，學(xué)生必須能夠主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)，愿意動(dòng)腦筋，否則會(huì)對(duì)規(guī)則的印象不深.難以鞏固。九、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語(yǔ)言素材，設(shè)計(jì)一節(jié)課的教學(xué)方案。教案沒(méi)有固定格式，但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：·teachingobjectives·teachingcontents·keyanddifficultpoints·majorstepsandtimeallocation·activitiesandjustification教學(xué)時(shí)間：45分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中一年級(jí)第一學(xué)期學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《普通高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（實(shí)驗(yàn)）五級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語(yǔ)言素材：Pompeii:ThefactsAugust24,intheyearAD79,begannormallyforthepeopleinPompeii,atownatthefootof?MountVesuvius.Farmerswentouttotheirfields,shopkeeperssetouttheirgoodsforsale,craftspeople?openedtheirworkshopsandtherichwalkedtothepublicbathswhiletheirservantscleanedtheirhouses?andwashedtheirclothes.Unfortunately,theendofthedaywasfarfromnormalforthe20,000citizensof?Pompeii.Earlyintheafternoon,whenmanypeoplewererestingfromtheheatoftheday,MountVesuvius?erupted.Millionsoftonnesofash,lavaandpumicepouredontothesurroundinghillsideandoverthe?townofPompeiiandothertownsandvillages.ByeveningPompeiiwasburie