人教版高考英語時態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)

EnglishBasicTenses(時態(tài))他昨天來了.他已經(jīng)來了.他明天來.漢語借助詞匯手段而非詞的形態(tài)變化來表示動作的發(fā)生,而英語主要通過謂語動詞時態(tài)變化來表現(xiàn).任何句子都要先注意時態(tài).Hecameyesterday.Hehascome.Hewillcometomorrow.一般現(xiàn)在時:be(am/are/is),do(does)一般過去時:did一般將來時:will+do.過去將來時:would+do.現(xiàn)在進行時:am/are/is+doing過去進行時:was/were+doing現(xiàn)在完成時:have/has+done.過去完成時:had+done.現(xiàn)在完成進行時：has/havebeen+doing一般時1.一般現(xiàn)在時1.表示習(xí)慣或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作及存在的狀態(tài).常與usually,often,always,sometimes,everyday/week…連用。I’manEnglishteacherandIteachEnglish.Heoftenstudiesinhisstudy.2.表示客觀事實或真理。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.3.在時間，條件及讓步狀語從句中表示將來。Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillputoffthespringouting.We’llcontinueourtopicwhenwemeetnexttime.構(gòu)成：一般現(xiàn)在時用行為動詞的原形，但第三人稱單數(shù)作主語時，動詞的詞尾要加-s。（一般的動詞詞尾+s。以sh/ch/s/x結(jié)尾的詞+es.以輔音字母Y結(jié)尾的把y變成i，+es。輔音字母o結(jié)尾的+es.)

love---lovesrun---runs

catch---catchescarry---carries

convey---conveys

do---does2.一般過去時1.表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)，常帶相應(yīng)的時間狀語或上下文暗示。常與justnow,yesterday,lastweek,in2016,afewdaysago等連用。Heleftschoolin2008andthenbegantowork.2.在具體語境中，表示“剛才，剛剛”，暗示現(xiàn)在不那樣了。Whatasmallworld!Ididn’tknowyouwerehereinLondontoo!巧記動詞過去時態(tài)動詞一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生事；be用was或用were,have,has變had；謂語動詞過去式，過去時間作標(biāo)志；一般動詞加-ed，若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡單，主語之后didn’t添；疑問句也不難，did放在主語前；如果謂語之前有did，謂語動詞需還原；動詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。規(guī)則動詞過去式的構(gòu)成構(gòu)成規(guī)則原形過去式一般在動詞原形末尾加-edworkplayworkedplayed結(jié)尾是e的動詞加-dhopelivehopedlived末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-edstopdropstoppeddropped結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動詞，先變“y”為“

i”再加-ed

studyworrystudiedworried請熟記不規(guī)則動詞的過去式！3.一般將來時1.表示臨時決定要做的動作或說話人認為，假定，希望將來要發(fā)生的動作。Weallbelievethatourmotherlandwillbericherandstronger.2.表示說話人主觀打算做某事，或客觀跡象即將發(fā)生某事。Ifyouaregoingtoattendthemeeting,youshouldgonow.Lookatthedarkcloudinthesky.Itisgoingtorain.

will+動詞原形begoingto+動詞原形3.表示計劃中約定的或按職責(zé)，義務(wù)和要求必須去做的事或即將發(fā)生的動作。Theworkersaretobuildanewhopeschoolheresoon.4.表示馬上要做的事，不強調(diào)主觀。不與具體的時間狀語連用。Look!Theraceisabouttobegin.

beto+動詞原形beaboutto+動詞原形與一般將來時連用的時間狀語：nexttime/week/month/year,tomorrow,inthefuture,beforelong(不久后)2023/5/17121．這家店每天晚上11點關(guān)門。2．老師告訴我們，光比聲音傳播速度更快。

3．共享單車在日常生活中為人們帶來了更多的便利。Theshopclosesat11:00p.m.everyday.Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.Sharedbicyclesbringmoreconveniencetopeopleindailylives.Translationpractice1.Inaword,massmedia

_________(be)allthemoreimportantinthefutureandtheirfunctionwillenormouslyexpand.2.InTsinghua,hemethiswifeYangJiang,whowastobecomeasuccessfulplaywrightandtranslator,and_______(marry)herin1935.willbe

married

進行時4.現(xiàn)在進行時1.表示此時此刻正在進行的動作，常與:now,rightnow,atthismoment,atpresent連用。eg:Whataretheydiscussingnow?Listen!Thestudentsaresingingsongs.2.表示近段時間主要進行的動作，說話時不一定正在進行。eg:Theworkersarebuildinganewfactory.3:.表示最近計劃或安排要進行的動作，常限于go,come,leave,start,arrive等表示位移的動詞。eg:HeisleavingforBeijingtomorrow.

現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成

動詞現(xiàn)在分詞助動詞be隨人稱變?yōu)?/p>

am,is,

are主語+be

+動詞-ing現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則一般在動詞原形后+ing

doask

study

doingasking

studying以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的，去e，+ing

writetake

writingtaking以-ie結(jié)尾的動詞，變ie為y再加-ingliedielyingdying重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母的，雙寫這一字母，再+ing

upsetrunswimcut

upsettingrunningswimmingcuttingListen!Thebirdissinging.Theycleanareingnow.5.過去進行時1.表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作。eg:Whatweretheydiscussingatthemeetingyesterday?2.表示過去某一階段主要從事的活動。eg:Theworkerswerebuildinganewfactory.3.表示某些感情色彩。eg:Hewasalwaysmakingmistakes.

過去進行時的構(gòu)成：主語+was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing)1.表示將來某一時刻或時段正在進行的動作。常與一些標(biāo)志性時間狀語連用，如：atthistimetomorrow,bythen,from1:30to4:00tomorrow

等。

Wewillbehavinganimportantmeetingat8:00amtomorrow.2.表示計劃，安排或說話人的預(yù)料。IwillbewatchingTVat7o’clockthisevening.構(gòu)成：willbedoing(現(xiàn)在分詞）6.將來進行時2023/5/17221．Ourfoodsupplies_________(runout)

Wemustbuysomeimmediatelybeforethere'snoneleft.2．我們今天正面對著一個陌生的新世界，并且我們都在想我們要如何運用它。isrunningoutTodaywearefacingastrangenewworldandweareallwonderingwhatwearegoingtodowithit.Practice完成時7.現(xiàn)在完成時1.強調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，常與already,yet,never,just,bythistime,sofar等連用。Janehasalreadytoldmethenews.Mr.Smithhasnotleftyet.Pleasewaithere.2.表示過去的某一動作或行為一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。常與for,allmylife,allday,uptonow,sofar,inthepastyears,since等時間狀語連用。EverythinghaschangedsincehecametoJapan.Ihavebeenmarriedfor10years.3.

Itisthefirsttimethat+sb.have/hasdonethat從句用現(xiàn)在完成時。

現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成

規(guī)則變化以及不規(guī)則變化助動詞可以幫助構(gòu)成肯定，否定，疑問句主語+has/have+過去分詞不規(guī)則動詞的過去式以及過去分詞巧記規(guī)律

1.AAA

cost-cost-costread-read-read2.ABA

run-ran-runcome-came-come3.ABBtell-told-toldkeep-kept-kept4.ABCwrite-wrote-writtengo-went-gone1.have/hasgoneto去了（說話時某人不在，只用于第三人稱）have/hasbeento去過(常與never,oncetwice,ever連用)

have/hasbeenin

在…(與時間段連用,用howlong提問)2.某些瞬間動詞的完成時態(tài)不能與一段時間連用,此時要把該動詞進行轉(zhuǎn)換.e.g.Hediedfiveyearsago.Hehasbeendeadforfiveyears.Thefilmbegan10minutesago.Thefilmhasbeenonfor10minutes.

8.過去完成時1.表示過去某一時間之前已完成的動作，即“過去的過去”。常與by,since,before等連用。e.g.Janehadfinishedthehomeworkbeforeherdadreturned.2.表示從過去某一時間一直持續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作或狀態(tài)。常與bythen,bythetimeof..,bytheendof,before,since連用。e.g.Ihadbeenatthestationfor20minutesbeforethebusfinallycame.3.

表示“愿意，打算”的動詞用于過去完成時表示過去本打算實現(xiàn)而未實現(xiàn)的希望或計劃。（hope,want,expect,think,mean,intend）主語+had+動詞的過去分詞(p.p.)定義：必須要有個相對比的時間才能有過去完成時。1.在老師進入教室前,李磊擦了黑板.LiLei______________(clean)theblackboardbeforetheteachercameintotheclassroom.hadcleaned2.當(dāng)我們到那兒時火車已經(jīng)離開了。Thetrain__________(leave)whenwearrivedthere.hadleft強調(diào)過去某一個動作發(fā)生在另一個動作前,常常用過去完成時態(tài)。構(gòu)成：

常使用完成時的句型1.Itisthefirst/second/..lasttimethat+sb.has/havedoneItwasthefirst/second/..lasttimethat+sb.haddone這是某人第幾次做某事。2.hardly/scarcely...when,nosooner...than...主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時。2023/5/17311．I_________(read)

halfoftheEnglishnovel,andI'lltrytofinishitattheweekend.2．ThiswasthefirsttimeI_________(come)toChengduandIwastrulyimpressedbyit。3.ThisisthebestfilmI_________(watch).havereadhadcomePracticehavewatched9.現(xiàn)在完成進行時構(gòu)成：has/havebeen+V-ing

1.表示過去某一時刻之前開始的動作或產(chǎn)生的狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并有可能一直繼續(xù)下去，常用的時間狀語：allthismorning,thismonth,thesefewdays,since和for引導(dǎo)的狀語從句等。e.g.Themanagerhasbeentellingtheworkershowtoimprovetheprojectsince9a.m.2.所表示的動作有時并不是一直在不停地進行，而是在斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地重復(fù)。e.g.Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardonthestudiesandtheireffortswillpayoffintheend.ExercisesIusually____upat6:00,butyesterdayI______upat7:00andtomorrowI_________upat6:30.(get)Listen!Someone____________(knock)atthedoor.I___________(be)inBeijingfortwoyears.Howoften_____Andy_______(surf)theinternet?Hefellasleepwhilehe___________(read)abook.groupcompetitiongetwillgetgotisknocking

havebeen

doessurfwasreading6.I________never_______(hear)ofthatmanbefore.7.Mybrotheroften_________(go)forwalkslastsummer.8.Lilysaidshe_______(put)onthenewdressthenextday.9.______thestory________(happen)inLondonin1949?10.What______hismother______(do)whenheopenedthedoor?haveheardwentwouldDidhappenwasdoing11.Ifit______________(notrain)tomorrow,they___________(go)fishing.12.______yourmother________thepianoeverySunday?13.They_______(not)callyouthedayaftertomorrow.14.Tom_____________