2013年考研英語二真題及答案解析

SectionIUseofDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically. ,atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed,predictionsofsuchasocietyhavebeen fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition.Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofpayment“wouldsoonrevolutionizethevery ofmoneyitself,”onlyto itselfseveralyearslater.Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso incoming?Althoughe-moneymightbemoreconvenientandmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystembasedonpaper,severalfactorswork ofthepapersystem.First,itisvery tosetupthecomputer,cardreader, municationsnetworksnecessarytomakeelectronicmoneytheformofpayment.Second,papercheckshavetheadvantagethatreceipts,somethingthatmanyconsumersareunwillingto Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof"float"-ittakesseveraldays 11 acheckiscashedandfundsare account,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckcanearninterestonthefundsintheme electronicpaymentsareimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer. ,electronicmeansofpayment securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalter Becausethisisnotan occurrence,unscrupulous smightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand fundsbymovingthemfromsomeoneelse’saccountsintotheirown.The ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andawholenewfieldofcomputersciencehasdevelopedto securityissues.Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic thatcontainsalargeamountof aldataonbuyinghabits.Thereareworriesthat employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyencroachingonourprivacy.[A]However[B]Moreover[C]Therefore[D][A]off[B]back[C]over[D][A]power[B]concept[C]history[D][A]reward[B]resist[C]resume[D][A]silent[B]sudden[C]slow[D][A]for[B]against[C]with[D][A]imaginative[B]expensive[C]sensitive[D][A]similar[B]original[C]temporary[D][A]collect[B]provide[C]copy[D][A]giveup[B]takeover[C]bringback[D]pass[A]before[B]after[C]since[D][A]kept[B]borrowed[C]released[D][A]Unless[B]Until[C]Because[D][A]hide[B]express[C]raise yzed[B]shared[C]stored[D]dis[A]unsafe[B]unnatural mon[D][A]steal[B]choose[C]benefit[D][A]consideration[B]prevention[C]manipulation[D][A]copewith[B]fightagainst[C]adaptto[D]call[A]chunk[B]chip[C]path[D]Inanessay,entitled“MakingItinAmerica,”inthelatestissueofTheAtlantic,theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottoncountryaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:Theaveragemillhasonlytwoemployeestoday,“amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedog,andthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachinesDavidson’sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointthatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentandsaggingmiddle-class estodayislargelybecauseofthebigdropindemandbecauseoftheGreatRecession,butitisalsobecauseofthequantumadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverrecinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworkers。Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,nganaveragejob,couldearnanaveragelifestyle.But,today,averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwon’tearnyouwhatitusedto.Itcan’twhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra—theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.Averageisover。Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Astheysay,ifhorsescouldhavevoted,thereneverwouldhavebeencars.Butthere’sbeenanacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,“Inthe10yearsendingin2009,[U.S.]factoriesshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years;roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs—about6millionintotal—disappearedAndyouain’tseennothin’yet.LastApril,AnnieLowreyofSlatewroteaboutastart-upcalled“ElaCarte”thatisouttoshrinktheneedforwaitersandwaitresses:The “hasproducedakindofsouped-upiPadthatletsyouorderandpayrightatyourtable.ThebrainchildofabunchofM.I.T.engineers,theniftyinvention,knownasthePresto,mightbefoundatarestaurantnearyousoon....Youselectwhatyouwanttoeatandadditemstoacart.Dependingontherestaurant’spreferences,theconsolecouldshowyounutritionalinformation,ingredientslistsandphotographs.Youcanmakespecialrequests,like‘dressingontheside’or‘quintuplebacon.’Whenyou’redone,theorderzingsovertothekitchen,andthePrestolsyouhowlongitwilltakeforyouritemstocomeout....Boredwithyourcompanions?ygamesonthemachine.Whenyou’rethroughwithyourmeal,youpayontheconsole,splittingthebillitembyitemifyouwishandpayinghoweveryouwant.Andyoucanhaveyourreceipte-mailedtoyou....Eachconsolegoesfor$100permonth.Ifarestaurantservesmealseighthoursaday,sevendaysaweek,itworksoutto42centsperhourpertablemakingthePrestocheaperthaneventheverycheapestwaiterWhattheiPadwon’tdoinanaboveaverageway workerConsiderthisparagraphfromSunday’sterrificarticleinTheTimesbyCharlesDuhiggandKeithBradsheraboutwhyAppledoessomuchofitsmanufacturingin:“Applehadredesignedthe’sscreenatthelastminute,forcinganassembly-lineoverhaul.Newscreensbeganarrivingatthe[]ntnearmidnight.Aforemanimmediayroused8,000workersinsidethe’sdormitories,accordingtotheexecutive.Eachemployeewasgivenabiscuitandacupoftea,guidedtoaworkstationandwithinhalfanhourstarteda12-hourshiftfittingglassscreensintobeveledframes.Within96hours,thentwasproducingover10,000saday.‘Thespeedandflexibilityisbreathtaking,’theexecutivesaid.‘There’snoAmericanntthatcanAndautomationisnotjustcomingtomanufacturing,exinsCurtisCarlson,thechiefexecutiveofSRIInternational,aSiliconValleyidealabthatinventedtheAppleprogramknownasSiri,thedigital alassistant.“Siriisthebeginningofahugetransformationinhowweinctwithbanks,insurancecompanies,retailstores,healthcareproviders,informationretrievalservicesandproductservicesTherewillalwaysbechange—newjobs,newproducts,newservices.ButtheonethingweknowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheI.T.revolution,thebestjobswillrequireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.HerearethelatestunemploymentratesfromtheBureauofLaborStatisticsforAmericansover25yearsold:thosewithlessthanahighschooldegree,13.8percent;thosewithahighschooldegreeandnocollege,8.7percent;thosewithsomecollegeorassociatedegree,7.7percent;andthosewithbachelor’sdegreeorhigher,4.1percent。Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover,therearemanythingsweneedtodotobuttressemployment,butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG.I.Billforthe21stcenturythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstopost-highschooleducation。(AdamDavidson)《在制造》一文中提到南部種棉地區(qū)的一個笑Duhigg)和基斯？布拉德舍(KeithBradsher)在周日在本報(《》)上的一一刻，蘋果公司重新設計了的屏幕，因此裝配線需要全部調(diào)整。午夜時果的個人數(shù)字助理服務Siri程序。“在改變我們與銀行、公司、零售能保證21世紀的每個都能接受高中之后的教育。ImagineanewimmigrationAcenturyago,theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticincludedsettlersandsojourners.AlongwiththemanyfolkslookingtomakeapermanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadnointentiontostay,andwhowouldmakesomemoneyandthengohome.Between1908and1915,about7millionpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondepartedAboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexample,eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood.Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,"uccellidipassaggio,"birdsofpassage。Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedivide intotwocategories:legalorillegal,goodorbad.WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking,orbrandthemasaliensfitfordeportation.Thatframeworkhascontributedmightilytoourbrokenimmigrationsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit。Wedon''tneedmorecategories,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstrictdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,thoselivingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges。Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers,entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealth-careaidesandparticlephysicistsareamongtoday''sbirdsofpassage.Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobaleconomydrivenbytheflowofwork,moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem.Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneceandafamilyinanother。Withorwithoutpermission,theystraddlelaws,jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease.WeneedthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhilewithoutcommittingthemselvestostayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbebothhereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably。Imaginelifewitharadicallydifferentimmigration:TheJamaicanwomanwhocameasavisitorandwaslookingafteryourauntuntilshediedcouldtrylivinginCanadaforawhile.Youcouldeventuallyaskhertocomebacktocareforyourmother。ThensoftwaredevelopercouldtakesomeofhisSiliconValleyearningshometojoinfriendsinalittlestart-up,knowingthathecouldalwaysworkinCaliforniaagain.OrtheMexicanlaborerwhobustshisbackonaWisconsindairyfarmforwagesthatkeepmilkcheapwouldcomeandgoasneededbecausehecoulddecidewhichdairytoworkfor,andabi-nationalbankprogramwashelhimsavemoneytobuildabetterlifeforhiskidsinmodatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle.Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsand es,includingsomethatarenoteasyto plishlegallyintheexistingsystem。Anewsystemthatencouragesbothsojournersandsettlerswouldnotonlyhelpensurethatoursocietyreceivesthehumanresourcesitwillneedinthefuture,italsocouldhaveanaddedbenefit:Changingtherigidframeworkmighthelpusresolvethestatusoftheestimated11millionunauthorizedmigrantswhoareoursharedlegacyoffailures。Currently,wedonotdograyzoneswell.Hundredsofthousandsofpeopleslosharoundinindeterminatestatusbecausethey''recaughtinbureaucraticlimboorbecausetheyhavebeengrantedtemporarystaysthatarerepeatedly BarackObamacreatedapalershadeofgraythissummerbyexercisingprosecutorialdiscretionnottodeportsomeyoungpeoplewhowerebroughttothiscountryillegallyaschildren.Buttheseareexceptions,notrules。Thebasicmechanismforlegalimmigrationtoday,apartfromthespecialcategoryofrefugee,isthelegalpermanentresidentvisa,orgreencard.MostrecipientsarepeoplesponsoredbycloserelativeswholiveintheUnitedStates.Asthenameimplies,thismechanismisdesignedforimmigrantswhoaresettlingdown.Thevisacanberevokediftheholderdoesnotshow"intenttoremain"bynotmaintainingaU.S.address,goingabroadtoworkfulltimeorjusttraveling y.Legalresidentsareassumedtobeontheirwayto Americans,physically,culturallyandlegally.Afterfiveyearsoflivinghere,theyeeligibleforcitizenshipandachancetogainvotingrightsandfullaccesstothesocialsafetynetThisisafinewaytodealwithpeoplewhoarrivewithdeepconnectionstothecountryandwhoresolvetostay.Thatcanandshouldbemostimmigrants.Butthismechanismhastwoproblems:Thenationisnotpreparedtooffercitizenshiptoeverymigrantwhoisofferedajob.Andnoteveryonewhocomesherewantstostayforever。Itmayhaveoncemadesensetothinkofimmigrantsassodbusterswhowerecomingtosettleemptyspaces.Butthatantiquereasoningdoesnotapplywhenthecountryislookingatalong,steepracetoremaincompetitiveintheworldeconomy,particularlynotwheninnovationandentrepreneurshiparesupposedtobeourcomparativeadvantage.Tosucceedweneedmodernbirdsofpassage。Thechallengesdifferdependingonwhetheryouarelookingatthehighendoftheskillsspectrum,theinformationworkersoratlow-skilledlaborers。Afrequentproposalforhighlyskilledworkerscomeswiththeslogan,"Stapleagreencardtothediploma."ThatissupposedtoensurethatagreatershareofbrainyinternationalstudentsremainintheUnitedStatesafterearningdegreesinscienceandtechnology.Butwhatiftheyarenotreadyforalong-termcommitment?NoonewouldsuggestthatinvestmentcapitalordesignprocessesneedtoresidepermanentlyinonenationTalenttodayyearnstobeequally.Ratherthantrytoobligesmartyoungpeoplefromabroadtostayhere,weshouldallowthemtothinkoftheUnitedStatesasacewheretheycanalwaysreturn,acewheretheywillspendpart,notall,oftheirlives,oneofseveralceswheretheycanliveandworkandinvest。Temporary-workerprogramsareaconventionalapproachtomeetinglow-skilledlaborneedswithoutillegalimmigration.That''swhatGeorgeW.Bushproposedin2004,sayingtheernmentshould"matchwillingforeignworkerswithwillingAmericanemployers."Animmigrantcomestodoaparticularjobforalimitedperiodoftimeandthengoeshome.Butsuchprogramsriskrecingonekindofrigiditywithanother.Therelativelysmallprogramscurrentlyincedon''tmanagethematakingverywell。Competingdomesticworkersneedtobeprotected,asdothemigrantworkers,andtheprocessmustbenimbleenoughtomeetlabormarketdemand.Nobodyreallyhaspulledthatoff,andthereisnoreasontobelieveitcanbedoneonagrandscale.Ratherthantryingtolinkspecificmigrantstospecificjobs,differenttypesoftemporaryworkvisascouldbepeggedtoindustries,tocesortotimeperiods.Youcouldgetanengineeringvisa,notonlyavisatoworkatBothshort-termvisasandpermanentresidenceneedtobepartofthemix,buttheyarenotthewholeanswer.Anothervaluabletoolistheprovisionalvisa,whichAustraliausesasakindofintermediarystageinwhichtemporaryimmigrantsspendseveralyearsbefore ingeligibleforpermanentresidency.TheU.S.systempracticallyobligesvisitorstospendtimeherewithoutauthorizationwhenthey''vemarriedacitizen,gottenajobordonesomethingelsethatqualifiesthemtostaylegally。WealsocouldborrowfromEuropeandcreatelong-termpermissiontoresideforcertainmigrantsthatiscontingentonsimplybeingemployed,notonhavingaspecificjob.And,legislationcouldloosenthedefinitionsofpermanentresidencysothatmigrantscouldgainalifetimerighttoliveandworkintheUnitedStateswithouthavingtobehere(andpaytaxeshere)moreorlessTheideathat ersareeithersaintsorsinnersisnotwrittenindeliblyeitherinourheartsorinourlaws.Asthesizeoftheunauthorizedpopulationhasgrownoverthepast20yearsorso,thepoliticalresponsehasdictatedseeingimmigrationthroughthestarklensoflawenment:Whomdowelockup,kickout,fenceoff?Prominentpoliticiansofbothparties,includingbothialcandidates,haveengagedinmachoone-upmanshipwhenitcomestoimmigration.So, Obamabrokerecordsfordeportations.MittRomney,meanwhile,vowstobreakrecordsforbordersecurity。Breakingoutoftheeither/ormentalityopensupmanyavenuesformanagingfutureimmigration.Itcouldalsohelpbreakthestalemateoverthecurrentpopulationofunauthorizedmigrants.NoelectionresultwillproduceaCongressthatoffersapathtocitizenshipforeverybody,butthereisnosupportfortotaldeportation,either。Ifweacceptthattherearespacesbetweenlegalandillegal,thenoptionsCitizenshipcouldbeaneventual eformost,notall,peoplehereillegally,buteveryonewouldgetsomekindofpapers,andwecanengineerawayforpeopletoworktheirwayfromonestatustoanother.Thenewlyarrivedandleastattachedcouldbegrantedstatusforalimitedtimeandreceivehelpwithreturningtotheirhomecountries.Othersmightbeofferedlife-longprivilegestoliveandworkhere,butnotcitizenship.We''dgivethefullest etothosewithhomes,childrenorlongtimejobs。ByinsistingthatimmigrantsareeitherAmericansoraliens,wemakeitharderforsomegoodfolkstocomeandweobligeotherstostayforthewrongreasons.Worse,weensurethattherewillalwaysbepeoplelivingamonguswhoareoutsidethelaw,andthatisnotgoodforthemorus。BeyondtheWhentheSupremeCourtannounceditsdecisionontheAffordableCareActlastmonth,themediawentwild.Therushtojudgmenttookseconds.CNNandFoxNewsinitiallydescribedthedecisionincorrectly,sayingfivejusticeshadstruckdownthelaw.Evenaftercorrections,thesnapysisthatfollowedwasn’tveryhelpful.Themultipartdecisioniscomplex,anditsramificationswilltakemonthsorevenyearstounderstand。Theblinkresponsetothiscaseisonlythelatestexampleofatroublingincreaseinthespeedofourreactions.E-mail,socialmediaandthe24-hournewscycleareinformationalamphetamines,acocktailofpillsthatwepopatanincreasinglyfastpace—andthatleadustomakemistakensplit-seconddecisionsEconomistslabeltheproblem“presentbiaswearevulnerabletofast,salientstimulation。Fortunay,thereisanantidote:theconsciouspause.Scientistshavefoundthatalthoughwearepronetosnapoverreactions,ifwetakeamomentandthinkabouthowwearelikelytoreact,wecanreduceoreveneliminatethenegativeeffectsofourquick,hard-wiredresponses。Forexample,countlessstudieshaveshownthatphysiciansimmediate,unconsciousreactionstoracialminoritiesleadthemtoundertreatblackpatients.InonestudypublishedintheJournalofGeneralInternalMedicinein2007,researchersaskedseveralhundreddoctorsaboutahypothetical50-year-oldmalepatientwhoshowedupwithchestpain.Theresearchersgavethedoctorsaphotographoftheman,randomlyvaryinghisrace.Halfsawhimaswhite;halfsawhimasblack。Sureenough,althoughthedoctorsinsistedtheywerenotraciallybiased,theyweremorelikelytoprescribethrombolysis,ananti-blood-clottingprocedure,forthewhitepatient,whilegivingtheblackpatientaless-aggressiveprescription.Thedoctorsdidn’tappearracist,yettheirunconscioussnapreactionsledthemtotreatblacksdifferently—theverydefinitionofracism。However,aboutoneinfourofthedoctorsguessedthatthestudywasdesignedtotestracialbias.Theystoppedforamomentandconsideredhowtheymightreactdifferentlydependingonrace.Theresearchersfoundthatthis“aware”subgroupdidnottreatpatientsdifferently.Oncetheypausedtoconsiderwhetherracewasanissue,racewasnolongeranissue。Snapdecisionscanbeimportantdefensemechanisms;ifwearejudgingwhethersomeoneisdangerous,ourbrainsandbodiesarehard-wiredtoreactveryquickly,withinmilliseconds.Butweneedmoretimetoassessotherfactors.Toaccuraylwhethersomeoneissociable,studiesshow,weneedatleastaminute,preferablyfive.Ittakesawhiletojudgecomplexaspectsof likeneuroticismoropen-mindedness.Ifweneedtounderstandhowninejusticesresolvedadifficultlegalissue,weneedevenmoretime。Butsnapdecisionsinreactiontorapid,evensubliminalstimuliarentexclusivetotheinter alrealm.SanfordDeVoeandChen-BoZhong,psychologistsattheUniversityofToronto,foundthatviewingafast-foodlogoforjustafewmillisecondsprimesustoread20percentfaster,eventhoughreadinghaslittletodowitheating.Weunconsciouslyassociatefastfoodwithspeedandimpatienceandcarrythoseimpulsesintowhateverelsewe’reng.Subjectsexposedtofast-foodflashesalsotendtothinkamusicalpiecelaststoolong。Yetwecanreversesuchinfluences.Ifweknowwewilloverreacttoconsumerproductsorhousingoptionswhenweseeahappyface(onereasongoodsalesrepresentativesandrealestateagentsarealwayssmiling)wecantakeamomentbeforebuying.Ifweknowfemalejobscreenersaremorelikelytorejectattractivefemaleapplicants,asastudybytheeconomistsBradleyRuffleandZe’evShtudinershows,wecanhelpscreenersunderstandtheirbiasesorhireoutsidescreeners。JohnGottman,themarriagegurumadefamousinMalcolmGladwellsbest-sellingbook“Blink,”exinsthatwequickly“thinslice”informationreliablyonlyafterwegroundsuchsnapreactionsin“thicksliced”long-termstudy.WhenDr.Gottmanreallywantstoassesswhetheracouplewillstaytogether,heinvitesthemtohisislandretreatforamuchlongerevaluation:twodays,nottwoseconds。Ourabilitytomuteourhard-wiredreactionsbypausingiswhatdifferentiatesusfromanimals:primatesanddogscanthinkaboutthefutureonlyintermittentlyorforafewminutes.Buthistoricallywehavespentabout12percentofourdayscontemtingthelongerterm。Thebeginningofsummerissupposedtobethetimeforustoslowdownandtakeabreath.Gotothebeachwithafewbooks.Spenddowntimewithfamily.Tuneout.Butinsteadofjumintotheswimmingpool,wehaveleaptintoawhirlpoolofnews。Still,althoughtechnologymightchangethewaywereactithasn’tchangedournature.Westillhavetheimaginativecapacitytoriseabovetemptationandreversethehigh-speedtrend.Thereareacoupleofsummermonthsleft,andnotimetowaste。FrankPartnoyisalawprofessorattheUniversityofSanDiegoandtheauthorof“Wait:TheArtandScienceofDelayScientistshavefoundthatalthoughwearepronetosnapoverreactions,ifwetakeamomentandthinkabouthowwearelikelytoreact,wecanreduceoreveneliminatethenegativeeffectsofourquick,hard-wiredresponses。Icanpickadatefromthepast53yearsandknowinstantlywhereIwas,whathappenedinthenewsandeventhedayoftheweek,I’vebeenabletodothis,sinceIwasfour。Ineverfeeloverwhelmedwiththeamountofinformationmybrainabsorbs.Mymindseemstobeabletocopeandtheinformationisstoredawayneatly.WhenIthinkofasadmemory.Idowhateverybodydoes-trytoputittooneside.Idon’tthinkit’sharderformejustbecausemymemoryisclearer.Powerfulmemorydoesn’tmakemyemotionsanymoreacuteorvivid.IcanrecallthedaymygrandfatherdiedandthesadnessIfeltwhenwewenttothehospitalthedaybefore.IalsorememberthatthemusicalyHairopenedonBroodwayonthesameday-theybothjustpopintomymindinthesameway。47Writingsupposeyourclassistoholdacharitysaleforkidsinneedofhelp.writeyourclassmatesantoinformthemaboutthedetailsencouragethemtoparticipate100wordsuseLiMing.Don''twriteyour48Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchartinyourwriting,youshould(1)interpretthechart,and(2)giveyour【答案】A

【解析】空前作者講到“鑒于電子貨幣的優(yōu)勢,你也許會認為,快速步入非現(xiàn)金AB.moreoverC.thereforeD.Otherwise【答案】D經(jīng)二十年了,但迄今還沒有實現(xiàn)。A.off停止B.back返回C.over結(jié)束，與后不構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，故答案選D.around出現(xiàn)?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】空格所在的句子意思為例如,1975年《商業(yè)》預測電子支付不久將“徹底改變貨幣本身的”將四個選項帶入，能夠徹底改變的對象只能是金錢的概念(定是復數(shù)roles,因為是金錢的作用不止一個，故答案選B?！敬鸢浮緿【解析】空格填入的動詞跟前面的動詞revolutionize()意思上應該是同義替換的，要選擇含有，徹底改變意思的詞匯，四個選項中A.rewardB.抵抗C.resume重新開始，繼續(xù)，都不合適，只有D選項reverse“”最為貼切，本句譯為“電子支付方式不久將改變貨幣的定義,并將在數(shù)年后貨幣本身?！薄敬鸢浮緾C。A.silent，B.sudden，D.steady【答案】B系統(tǒng)“不會”的原因，故答案選B，workagainst妨礙，對…產(chǎn)生消極影響。A.【答案】B【解析】空格所在句譯為...使得電子貨幣成為支付方式，將四個選項帶入，C,D選項。A.similarB.original原始的，獨創(chuàng)的,都不合適?！敬鸢浮緽【解析】紙質(zhì)支票支付能夠收據(jù),這是和電子支付相比的一大優(yōu)勢，A.collect收集收據(jù)，Ccopy，D.printB.provide【答案】A(givegiveup放棄一種優(yōu)勢，符合語境，為正確答案?！敬鸢浮緼好幾天”，符合句意的只有before，其它三項都不符合。【答案】D【答案】Cse可以表因果，其他三項均不能表因果。故答案為C。【答案】C([B]express“表達，表示”，[C]raise“舉起，提高，”，[D]ease“減輕，緩和”，四個選項中能和concerns構(gòu)成搭配的只有raise，故正確答案為[C]?！窘馕觥窟@句講了anunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation there.“一些電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫并且更改信息”根據(jù)空前信息可知是電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫，所以information是被在電腦 【解析】此題考查一致性?？崭袼诰洹癟hefactthatthisisnotan16_occurrencemeansthat…”中this指代上文中that從句的內(nèi)容，即能夠獲取電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫和更改notan_16_occurrenceWeoftenhearmediareportsthat…”，oftennotanoccurrenceoftenCmon【答案】A 的電腦科學領域正在形成來_19安全問題?！币虼耍揪湓谡務搶栴}的解決應對。18空格與19空格所填內(nèi)容語意上應該是一致的。瀏覽選項，18空只能選prevention，即防止這種行為發(fā)生并非易事，而C選項manipulation是“”的意思，D選項justification意為“解釋，證明……合理”，均不合理?！敬鸢浮緼.(copeewith合適。B選項fightagainst意為“對抗，”，而賓語是securityissues，因【解析】此空所在句提出了使用電子方式的又一個擔心，即會留下20_，空格后trailSectionIIReadingPartText3“Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.”意思是“因此，人人都需要有另出，題干中“tobeasuccessfulemployee”與第三段的最后一句話中的“thatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment”是同義替換，“everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontribution”與D“contributesomethingunique”是同義替換，所以D選項正確。A、BC一、二句話意思相反，重點關(guān)注的是“But,today,averageisofficiallyover.”，意思是“現(xiàn)如今，擁有一般水平?！薄窘馕觥扛鶕?jù)題干定位到第四段，第一句technologyhasbeeneatingjobs(技術(shù)使edworkers(解雇工人)”、“roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs-ab萬)”，可推斷出B選項。reduceunemployment一段，這段出現(xiàn)了與之類似的表達“supportemployment”促進就業(yè)，而題干表述“themostimportant”與文章“nothingwouldbemoreimportantthan”相對應，促進就吻合，故正確。A項加速產(chǎn)業(yè)，C項促進經(jīng)濟全球化，均未提及，故排除。D個文章的脈絡來看，第一段以?森一篇 工提出了更高的要求(extra-uniquevaluecontribution)。第四段就是員工只有不斷地提高自己的教育水平，才能讓自己脫穎而出(tohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage)。最后一段點明，averageisofficiallyover。由此可見，全文一直在圍繞這一宏觀主線展開，這一主線也統(tǒng)領全文，所以正確答案為C。Text【答案】C(stayinaforeign【解析】詞義句意題。根據(jù)題干，首先定位到首段末句。在這句中，birdsofpassag一世紀前的情況，而如今birdsofpassage可能來自世界各個角落，并非局限于兩岸。B項與段意不符，D項文中未提及?！敬鸢浮緾(shouldbeadoptedtomeetbutweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstickdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,…Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.”大意是者的存在，然后解決問題的?！盋項高度總結(jié)了以上幾點。A項與原文意思不符。B、D項在文中未提及?！敬鸢浮緿 domtostayand【解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干，可定位到第三段。解題關(guān)鍵在于對“Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem.Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.”大意是“他們跟著機會走，來去自如。他們可以在一個【答案】C(withlegal()應該怎樣對待這些短暫者?”在