高中英語語法-主語從句(共22張PPT)

1TheSubjectClause

主語從句2一、主語從句的定義二、主語從句的構(gòu)成三、主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞四、it可作形式主語五、主語從句需注意的問題3找出下列句子中的主語：1)Youareastudent.2)Hisjobisimportant.3)Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.4)Smokingisbadforyou.5)Whathedoesisimportant.主語是動作的發(fā)出者或受到描述的對象。

通常位于謂語動詞或系動詞之前。4一、主語從句的定義：在復(fù)合句中位于謂語動詞或系動詞之前充當(dāng)主語的句子，叫主語從句。

Thatheisstillaliveisawonder.二、主語從句的構(gòu)成：

引導(dǎo)詞

+簡單句

+謂語動詞/系動詞+其他成分.Whathewantsisabook.5三、主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：從屬連詞:that,whether；連接代詞:who,whom,whose,which,what；

whatever，whoever，whichever連接副詞:when,where,how,why。6that

that引導(dǎo)主語從句,that在從句中只起連接作用，不作成分，沒有意義，不能省略。

Thathewillcome

iscertain.2.whether1)whether引導(dǎo)主語從句，譯為“是否”,不能省略。if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句。

Whether

he’ll

come

here

isaproblem.

7

3.

who,whom,whose,what,whichwhen,where,how,why1)wh-詞各有自己的實際意義，2)在從句中作成分，3)不能省略，4）從句中要用陳述語序。Whowillwritethepoem

hasnotbeendecidedyet.Whomsheborrowedmoneyfromstillpuzzledhim.Whichsidewillwin

isnotclear.Whatshesaidtoday

wasquiteright.

8Whenhewillbeback

dependsontheweather.Wherethetestwillbegiven

isnotyetdecided.Whereandwhenhewasborn

isasecret.Whyhecamehere

isnotknown.Howwecanprotecttheendangeredanimals

needstobediscussed.Howmanypeoplediedintheearthquake

wasunknown.9注意：whatever，whoever，whichever在主語從句中不含疑問意義。它引導(dǎo)主語從句，并在從句中作主語、賓語或表語等。

Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.(whoever=thepersonwho)來的人將受到歡迎。

Whateverhedidwasright.(whatever=thethingthat)他所做的事情是正確的。

Whicheverofyoucomesinwillreceiveaprize.(whichever=anyoneofyouwho)你們當(dāng)中不論哪個進來將會得到獎勵。10四、it可作形式主語為了使句子保持平衡，避免頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語.其結(jié)構(gòu)為：

It+謂語動詞/系動詞+賓語/表語+主語從句.

例如:

Thatweshallbelateiscertain.=Itiscertainthatweshallbelate.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.=Itisknowntoallthattheearthisround.2.whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.=Itwasaproblemwhethertheywouldsupportus.

111.

It+be+形容詞+that從句(obvious,

true,

surprising,

good,

wonderful,

funny,

possible,

likely,

certain,

…)

如：

It

is

certain

that

she

will

do

well

in

her

exam.

2.It+be+名詞詞組+that從句

(an

honor,

a

fact,

a

pity,

…）如：

It’s

a

pity

that

we

can’t

go.

用it作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)：123.

It+be+過去分詞+that從句(said,

reported,

believed,suggested,known,thought,

expected,

decided,

…）如：

It

is

said

that

Mr.

Green

has

arrived

in

Beijing.

=Mr.GreenissaidtohavearrivedinBeijing.

主語+issaidtodotobedoingtohavedone(動作發(fā)生在issaid之前)tohavebeendonetohavebeendoing13Heissaidtogoabroadsoon.據(jù)說他不久要出國。表示不定式所表示的動作尚未發(fā)生或?qū)⒁l(fā)生Thetigersaresaidtobeendangered.據(jù)說這些虎處于瀕危狀態(tài)表示一般情況(尤其是當(dāng)不定式表示狀態(tài)而非動作時)。Theyaresaidtoberesearchingintothequestion.所說他們正在研究這個問題。Thefilmissaidtohavebeengoingonfortwomonths.據(jù)說這部電影已經(jīng)上演兩個月了。Thisbookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoseveralforeignlanguages.據(jù)說這本書已經(jīng)被譯成好幾種外語。144.

It+不及物動詞或短語+that從句(seem,happen,doesn’t

matter,…）如：

It

happened

that

I

was

out

that

day.

(碰巧…)Itseemsthathehasknownit.(好像...)It

doesn’t

matter

whether

she

will

come

or

not.

15注意:that后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可以省去。Itissuggested(ordered,required...)

that...+(should)do“據(jù)建議；有命令,有人要求…”該句型中的過去分詞是表示請求，建議，命令等詞時e.g.Itissuggestedthatwe（should）goatonce.Itisrequiredthateveryonehereshouldbeabletousecomputer.2.Itisimportant/necessary/strange...

that...+(should)doe.g.ItisimportantthatthestudentslearnEnglishwell.Itisstrangethatyoushouldlikehim.Itisnecessarythatyoushouldmasterthecomputer.161.主語從句的“that”一般不能?。?.主語從句中用陳述語序；主語從句只能用whether引導(dǎo)，不能用if引導(dǎo)；五、主語從句需注意的問題174.主語從句后面的謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)；

Whether

he’ll

come

here

____(be)not

clear.

5.what引導(dǎo)主語從句時，謂語動詞：1）常與其后的名詞表語一致2）根據(jù)句子的語境而定。

Whatyouleft_____(be)onlyseveraloldbooks.Whatyousaid____(be)ofgreatimportance.isareis

181.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisn’tdecided.2.Youhavemadeamistakeisafact.3.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.4.Ifthepolicemenwillcomeisnotcertain.weshallThatIt

Whether改錯練習(xí):195.Itissaythathewasafamouswriter.6.Itisseemedthatitisgoingtorainsoon.7.Wholeavestheroomlastoughttoturn

offthelights.saidseemsWhoever201._______hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether2.__________youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.That B.What C.Which D.This3.________the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.Whether D.That

√√√單項選擇：214.Itworriedherabit_______herhairwasturningwhite.A.while B.that C.ifD.for5._______hesaidatthemeetingshockedeverybodypresent.A.What B.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter

6._________wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan_________wehave.A.What