Physiology生理學(xué)知到章節(jié)答案智慧樹2023年山東第一醫(yī)科大學(xué)

Physiology生理學(xué)知到章節(jié)測試答案智慧樹2023年最新山東第一醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一章測試

Whichofthefollowingtermsdescribesthebody'sabilitytomaintainitsnormalstate?（）

參考答案:

Homeostasis

Thelevelofresearchwhichcanhelptorevealthefundamentallawsoflifephenomenais（）

參考答案:

Cellularandmolecularlevel

Themostactivepartoftheinternalenvironmentis（）

參考答案:

Plasma

Themostbasicfeatureoforganism'slifeactivitiesis（）

參考答案:

Metabolism

TheFalseStatementabouthomeostasisisthat（）

參考答案:

Thephysicalandchemicalpropertiesoftheinternalenvironmentareabsolutelyconstant

Thebasicmodesofneuroregulationis（）

參考答案:

Reflection

Thebody'smainmodeofregulation（）

參考答案:

Neuromodulation

Whenitiscold,thyroidhormoneincreasesbecauseof（）

參考答案:

Neuro-humoralregulation

Undernormalconditions,renalbloodflowremainsrelativestableby（）

參考答案:

Self-regulation

Themaintenanceofbodyhomeostasismainlydependson（）

參考答案:

Negativefeedbackregulation

Whichofthefollowingorganactivitiesisinvolvedinmaintaininghomeostasisintheinternalenvironment（）

參考答案:

Thedigestionandabsorptionofthedigestivesystem;Bloodcirculation;Respiration;Excretoryfunctionofthekidney

Whatistrueaboutthephysiologicaldescription（）

參考答案:

Belongingtoabranchofbiology;Thenormalphysiologicalfunctionofthebody;Itisnotonlyabasicmedicalsubject,butalsoanexperimentalsubject;Theobjectofstudyisorganism

Belongstotheinternalenvironmentis（）

參考答案:

Interstitialfluid;Lymph;Urine;Plasma

Whatistrueaboutthedescriptionofhumoralregulation（）

參考答案:

Longdurationofaction;Largescopeofaction;Slowaction

Physiologicalactivitiesregulatedbypositivefeedback（）

參考答案:

Childbirth;Actionpotentialdepolarizationphase;Micturitionreflex;Bloodcoagulation

第二章測試

Transmembranetransportofthefollowingsubstancesisnotsimplediffusion（）

參考答案:

Aminoacid

Underphysiologicalconditions,eachcycleofsodiumpumpactivitycanmake（）

參考答案:

3Na+weremovedoutofthecell,and2K+weremovedintothecell

Themechanismofglucoseabsorptionbyrenaltubularepithelialcellsbelongsto（）

參考答案:

Secondaryactivetransport

Therestingpotentialiscloseto（）

參考答案:

K+equilibriumpotential

Whencellsarestimulatedandexcited,theabsolutevalueofthemembranepotentialdecreases,whichiscalled（）

參考答案:

Depolarization

Themaincomponentsofnervecellactionpotentialare（）

參考答案:

Peakpotential

Themostcommonlyusedindicatorstojudgetheleveloftissueexcitabilityare（）

參考答案:

Thresholdintensity

Whichofthefollowingisasubstancethataidsthetransmissionofnerveimpulsestothemuscles?（）

參考答案:

Acetylcholine

Thebasicstructuralunitsofskeletalmusclecontractionandrelaxationare:（）

參考答案:

Sarcomere

TheenergyrequiredforK+outflowgeneratingtherestingpotentialcomesfrom（）

參考答案:

Electrochemicalgradient

Themaximumactionpotentialisgeneratedwhenthecellisproperlystimulated（）

參考答案:

Normalperiod

InthedepolarizationphaseofnervecellactionpotentialNa+transportbelongsto（）

參考答案:

Faciliteddiffusion

TheoutflowofK+duringanactionpotentialiscalled（）

參考答案:

Repolarization

Thecommonmanifestationofmostexcitablecellsrespondingtostimuliistoproduce（）

參考答案:

Actionpotential

Substancethatachievetheexcitation-contractioncouplingis（）

參考答案:

Ca2+

Thecharacteristicsoffacilitateddiffusionmediatedbyacarrieris（）

參考答案:

Competitiveinhibition;Saturation;Structuralspecificity;Passivetransport

Statementsabouttherestingpotentialofnervefibersarecorrect（）

參考答案:

Itisarelativestablepotential;Itispositiveoutsidethemembraneandnegativeinsidethemembrane;ItsmagnitudeisclosetoK+equilibriumpotential

Factorsaffectingrestingpotentiallevelinclude（）

參考答案:

Na+pumpactivity;K+concentrationgradientbetweenbothsidesofthemembrane;RelativepermeabilityofthemembranetoK+andNa+

Thecharacteristicsoflocalreactionsarethat（）

參考答案:

Multiplelocalpotentialcanbesuperimposed;Theamplitudeishierarchical;Conductionshowsattenuation

The1:1transmissionofexcitationatthenerve-musclejunctionisdueto（）

參考答案:

Theendplatepotentialsgeneratedarelargeenough;Anerveimpulsereleasesasufficientnumberoftransmittersfromthenerveendings;Achwashydrolyzedbycholinesteraseinthejointclearanceintime

Whencellexcitabilityisreduced,whicharecorrectinthefollowingdescriptions（）

參考答案:

Thethresholdintensityincreases;Upwardshiftofthresholdpotential

Whichiscorrectinthefollowingdescriptionsofsecondaryactivetransport（）

參考答案:

Itisalsocalledcombinedtransport;DirectenergyisthetransmembraneconcentrationgradientofNa+;Includingpositivetransferandreversetransfer;Transportagainsttheconcentrationgradient

WhentheintracellularNa+contentistoohigh,itcan（）

參考答案:

ActivatetheNa+pump;Causecelledema;Decreasethelevelofaminoacidsintheepithelialcellsofrenaltubules;Decreasetherestingpotential

Whenexcitablecellsarestimulated（）

參考答案:

Bioelectricchangesoccurfirstly,andthenexternalfunctionalchangesoccur;Cellswithdifferentfunctionsshowdifferentfunctionalactivities;Cellswithdifferentfunctionsproduceacommonbioelectricalchangecalledactionpotential;Theactionpotentialiscausedbythedepolarizationofthemembranepotentialtothethresholdpotential;Thegenerationofactionpotentialisalsocalledexcitation

Inordertorelaxthemuscle,whichpointcanbesuppressedduringtheprocessofthenerve-musclejunction（）

參考答案:

NerveterminalcytoplasmicCa2+;Ca2+channelsinnerveendings;AChreceptorgatedchannelonendplatemembrane;ReleaseofAChfromnerveendings

第三章測試

Haematocritreferstotheratioofredbloodcellsto（）

參考答案:

Bloodvolume

Elevatedplasmacrystalosmoticpressuremaycause（）

參考答案:

Shrinkageofredbloodcells

Theformationofplasmacolloidosmoticpressuredependsmainlyonthe（）

參考答案:

Albumin

Poorsuspensionstabilityoferythrocyteresultsin（）.

參考答案:

Acceleratederythrocytesedimentationrate

Theacceleratederythrocytesedimentationratewascausedby（）

參考答案:

Haematocytosis

Theimportantrawmaterialforhemoglobinsynthesisduringerythropoiesisis（）

參考答案:

Proteinandiron

Thefinalstageofthebloodcoagulationprocessis（）

參考答案:

Theformationoffibrin

Whichisnotaproteininthefollowingclottingfactors（）

參考答案:

FactorIV

WhichantigenisontheerythrocytemembraneoftypeABblood（）

參考答案:

Aantigen

WhichistheantibodyintheRhblood（）

參考答案:

IgD

ThefollowingcomponentsassociatedwithESRare（）

參考答案:

Plasma;Redbloodcells

WhichisincorrectThefollowingstatementaboutplasma（）

參考答案:

Plasmaistheliquidseparatedfromcoagulatedblood;PlasmaisfreeofCa2+andotherelectrolytes

Aboutthedescriptionofphysiologicalhemostasismechanism,Whichofthefollowingiscorrect（）

參考答案:

Includinglocalvasoconstriction,preventingthrombosisandbloodcoagulation;Prolongedbleedingtimewiththrombocytopenia;Shortdurationoflocalvasoconstrictionreaction;Plateletsareinvolvedintheformationofthrombosisandbloodclots

Bloodtransfusionmaybeconsideredunderthefollowingstatements（）

參考答案:

null

Thephysiologicalcharacteristicsofredbloodcellsare（）

參考答案:

Osmoticbrittleness;Suspensionstability;Plasticdeformation

Plasmaproteinsaremainly（）

參考答案:

Globulin;Albumin;Fibrinogen

Whichareincorrectinthefollowingstatementsaboutbloodcoagulation（）

參考答案:

All12factorsinvolvedinbloodcoagulationareproteins;FactorⅡistheinitiatingfactorofbloodcoagulation;All12factorsinvolvedinbloodcoagulationaresynthesizedbytheliver

Thephysiologicalhemostasisprocessincludes（）

參考答案:

Constrictionofbloodvesselsatthesiteofinjury;Fibrinogenbecomesfibrin;Formationofplateletthrombosis

第四章測試

Duringwhichphaseofthecardiaccycledoesthemitralvalve

open?（）

參考答案:

Atrialsystole

Iftheejectionfractionincreases,therewillbeadecreasein（）

參考答案:

End-systolicvolume

Inthesinoatrial(SA)node,phase4depolarization(pacemakerpotential)isattributableto（）

參考答案:

AnincreaseinNa+conductance

Thegreatestpressuredecreaseinthecirculationoccursacrossthearteriolesbecause（）

參考答案:

Theyhavethegreatestresistance

Intheearlystageofventricularenlargement,whenthepumpingfunctiondecreases,theappropriateevaluationindexis().

參考答案:

heartindex

Thephysiologicfunctionoftherelativelyslowconductionthroughtheatrioventricularnodeistoallowsufficienttimefor（）

參考答案:

Fillingoftheventricles

Starling’slawoftheheart.（）

參考答案:

Explainstheincreaseincardiacoutputthatoccurswhenvenousreturnisincreased

Thefactorsaffectingbothexcitabilityandconductivityofmyocardiumare（）

參考答案:

Restingpotentiallevel

Thedurationofeffectiverefractoryperiodofventricularmuscledependsmainlyon（）

參考答案:

Thedurationofphase2ofactionpotential

Thewrongdescriptionabouttheroleofthesympatheticnerveontheheartisthat（）

參考答案:

Increaseventricularend-diastolicvolume

Themaincharacteristicsofventricularmyocyteactionpotentialare（）

參考答案:

Formationofphase2platform

Whichcanmeasurecardiomyocyteautorhythmicity（）

參考答案:

Rateofautomaticdepolarizationinphase4

Duringthecardiaccycle,theleftventricularpressureincreasedsharplyin（）

參考答案:

Isovolumetricsystole

Theheartindexisequalto（）

參考答案:

Cardiacoutput/bodysurfacearea

Ingeneral,thediastolicpressurecanreflect（）

參考答案:

Peripheralresistance

Ventricularmusclecellsdifferfromskeletalmusclecellsin（）

參考答案:

Longeffectiverefractoryperiod;Thereisanobviousplateau;Durationofactionpotential;Theascendinganddescendingbranchesoftheactionpotentialareasymmetrical

Factorsthatcanincreasestrokeoutputare（）

參考答案:

Lowerarterialbloodpressure;Increasedmyocardialcontractility;Increasedend-diastolicventricularvolume

Currentscausedbytheopeningofwhichofthefollowingchannelscontributetotherepolarizationphaseoftheactionpotentialofventricularmusclefibers?（）

參考答案:

Ca2+channels;K+channels

Factorsaffectingarterialbloodpressureare（）

參考答案:

Strokeoutput;Circulatingbloodvolume;Heartrate;Peripheralresistance;Flexibilityoftheaorta

Thecorrectdescriptionaboutdecompressionreflexisthat（）

參考答案:

Theefferentnervesarethesympatheticandvagusnerves;Thecenterislocatedinthemedullaoblongata;Thereceptorsarelocatedinthecarotidsinusandtheaorticarch;Theafferentnervesaretheaorticandsinusnerves

Factorsthatcanincreasemyocardialcontractilityinclude（）

參考答案:

increasedcatecholamines;IncreasedCa2+concentrationinextracellularfluid;IncreasedCa2+affinityfortroponin;IncreasedmyosinATPaseactivity

Thereasonsthatdecreaseconductionofmyocardiumare（）

參考答案:

Theabsolutevalueofrestingpotentialdecreases;0depolarizationvelocityslowsdown;Theexcitabilityofadjacentmyocardiumislower;0depolarizationamplitudedecreased

Thecharacterizesofisovolemicsystoleare（）

參考答案:

Ventricularvolumedoesnotchange;Atrioventricularandsemilunarvalvesareclosed

Thestrengthofmyocardialcontractiondependson（）

參考答案:

Preload;Contractilityofthemyocardium;ConcentrationofCa2+inextracellularfluid;Afterload

Theincreaseinsystolicbloodpressureduringstrenuousexerciseisdueto（）

參考答案:

Increasedinitiallengthofmyocardium;Increasedheartrate;Increasedmyocardialcontractility;Increasedstrokevolume;Increasedvenousreturnbloodvolume

Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheeffectofthesympatheticnerveontheheartiscorrect（）

參考答案:

Increasetheconductionvelocity;Enhancemyocardialcontractility;Increaseheartrate

TheroleofangiotensinIIis（）

參考答案:

Topromotealdosteronerelease;Toinducethereleaseofnorepinephrinefromsympatheticnerveendings;Tocontractarteriolesthroughoutthebody;Toincreasethetensionofthesympatheticvasoconstrictorcenter;Toconstrictthevolumevessels

28、Whichofthestatementaboutdecompressionreflexiscorrect（）

參考答案:

Theefferentnervesarethesympatheticandvagusnerves;Thecenterislocatedinthemedullaoblongata;Theafferentnervesaretheaorticandsinusnerves;Thereceptorsarelocatedinthecarotidsinusandtheaorticarch

Theexcitationcycleofthemyocardiumincludes（）

參考答案:

Effectiverefractoryperiod;Supernormalperiod;Absoluterefractoryperiod

Thephysiologicalcharacteristicsofmyocardiuminclude（）

參考答案:

Autorhythmicity;Conductivity;Excitability;Contractility

第五章測試

Whichofthefollowingoccurduringinhalation?（）

參考答案:

Diaphragmandexternalintercostalscontract,pleuralandalveolarpressuresdecrease

Themaximumamountofairthatcanbeexpiredafteramaximuminspirationis:（）

參考答案:

Vitalcapacity

Whichofthefollowinglistsincludesonlystructuresthatcomposetheanatomicdead-space?（）

參考答案:

Pharynx,nasalcavity,trachea,bronchi

Whichofthefollowingwilldecreasetherateofoxygentransferbetweenthealveolarairandthepulmonarycapillaryblood?（）

參考答案:

Destructionofalveolarseptaandpulmonarycapillariesbyadiseaseknownasalveolaremphysema

WhichofthefollowingcouldpotentiallyresultinmorelowV/Qregionswithinthelung?（）

參考答案:

Atelectasisofonelobeofadoglung

AnincreaseinthepHofbloodwill:（）

參考答案:

DecreaseP50

Quantitatively,themostimportantformofcarbondioxidetransportit?（）

參考答案:

HCO3-producedinerythrocyte

Therhythmicityofbreathingisthoughttooriginatesolelyinthe:（）

參考答案:

Dorsalrespiratorygroupofmedullaryneurons

Allthefollowingshifttheoxyhemoglobindissociationcurvetotherightexcept:（）

參考答案:

AnincreaseinPCO

Theprimemotivityoflungventilationis（）

參考答案:

Rhythmicbreathingmovementcausedbyrelaxationandcontractionofrespiratorymuscles

Undernormalcircumstances,pulmonaryventilationresistancemainlycomesfrom（）

參考答案:

Alveolarsurfacetension

Attheendofnormalexpiratory,theamountofairkeptinthelungsisequivalentto（）

參考答案:

Functionalresidualcapacity

Alveolarventilationrefersto（）

參考答案:

Intakeoffreshairintoalveoliperminute

WhatiswronginthefollowingstatementsaboutbloodtransportO2（）

參考答案:

Themainformoftransportisphysicaldissolution

Theexcitatoryeffectofhypoxiaonrespirationisvia（）

參考答案:

Reflexiveeffectsachievedbyperipheralchemoreceptors

Pulmonarysurfactant:（）

參考答案:

Decreasessurfacetensionofthefluidliningthealveoli;Maintainalveoliofdifferentsizesstable;Canbedeficientinprematurenewborns;Isinpartcomposedofdipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine;IsproducedintypeIIalveolarcells

Thetotallungvolumeisequalto（）

參考答案:

Vitalcapacity+residualvolume;Inspiratoryreservevolume+expiratoryreservevolume;Functionalresidualcapacity+inspiratoryreservevolume+tidalvolume

Themainfactorsaffectingpulmonaryventilationare（）.

參考答案:

Alveolarventilation/bloodflowratio;Areaandthicknessofrespiratorymembrane

ThebindingcharacteristicsofHbandO2are（）

參考答案:

AffectedbyPO2;OnemoleculeofHbcanbindfourmoleculesofO2;ThebindingordissociationcurveofHbandO2iss-shaped,whichisrelatedtoallostericeffectofHb;ThecombinationofFe2+andO2isoxygenationratherthanoxidation;Fastreaction,reversible,noenzymecatalysis

WhatiscorrectinthefollowingstatementsabouttheregulationofrespirationbyCO2（）

參考答案:

CO2anesthesiaoccurswhentheamountofinhaledCO2istoohigh;Withinacertainrange,theamountofinhaledCO2ispositivelycorrelatedwithpulmonaryventilation;CO2excitesbreathebystimulatingcentralandperipheralchemoreceptors;Itisthemostimportantphysiologicalfactorinregulatingrespiration

Inanimalexperiments,themethodsthatmakebreathefasteranddeeperare（）

參考答案:

InhalingCO2;O2lack;Addinvalidcavities;Intravenousadministrationoflacticacid

Whatiscorrectinthefollowingstatementsaboutpulmonaryventilationpower（）

參考答案:

Theprimeforceistherelaxationandcontractionofrespiratorymuscles;Directforceisthedifferencebetweenthepulmonarypressureandatmosphericpressure

Duringcalmbreathing,thephasewhenthepulmonarypressureisequaltoatmosphericpressureis（）

參考答案:

Attheendofinhalation;Attheendofexhalation

Thefactorsthatformthelungretractionforceare（）

參考答案:

Elasticretractiveforceoflung;Alveolarsurfacetension

Whichiscorrectinthefollowingstatementsaboutthecentralchemoreceptor（）.

參考答案:

IthashighersensitivitytoH+thanperipheralchemoreceptors;Itlocatesatthesuperficialpartoftheventrallylateralmedullaoblongata

第六章測試

Whichisincorrectinthefollowingdescriptionaboutthephysiologicalpropertiesofthedigestivesmoothmuscle（）

參考答案:

Afastandregularautomaticrhythm

Whatiswronginthestatementaboutdigestiveinnervation（）

參考答案:

Thenervesthatcontrolthedigestivetractareallautonomicnervoussystems

Thebasisofcontrollingthecontractilerhythmofdigestivesmoothmuscleis（）

參考答案:

Slowwave

Thecomponentsinvolvingintheformationofthemucus-bicarbonatebarrierare（）

參考答案:

HCO3-

Stimulationofthevagusnervemaycause（）

參考答案:

Enhancedgastrointestinalmovementandincreasedsecretionofdigestivejuices

Inthefollowingchoices,theuniqueformofmovementofthestomachis（）

參考答案:

Receptiverelaxation

Themosteffectivedigestivefluidforfatandproteindigestionis（）

參考答案:

Pancreaticjuice

Secretingendogenousfactorsis（）

參考答案:

Wallcells

Hormonesthatpromotegastricsecretionandgastricmotilityare（）.

參考答案:

Gastrin

Themechanismofglucoseabsorptioninthesmallintestineis（）

參考答案:

Activetransshipment

Whichiscorrectinthefollowingdescriptionaboutgastricacid（）

參考答案:

Denatureproteininfoodanddecomposeiteasily;Sterilization;Promotethesecretionofdigestivejuices;Activatepepsinogen

Thefactorsthatinhibitgastricacidsecretionare（）

參考答案:

Somatostatin;Omeprazole;Gastricinhibitorypeptides;Trypsin

Digestivejuicesthatcandigestproteinare（）

參考答案:

Pancreaticjuice;Gastricjuice

Themovementsofthesmallintestineare（）

參考答案:

Peristalsis;Peristalticrush;Segmentedmovement;Tensioncontraction

Endogenoussubstancesthatstimulategastricsecretioninclude（）

參考答案:

Acetylcholine;Gastrin;Histamine

第七章測試

Whichoneyieldsthehighestenergypergram（）

參考答案:

Fat

WhichoneofthefollowinghasthehighestR.Q.（）

參考答案:

Malicacid

Thefoodwiththemostsignificantspecialdynamiceffectis（）

參考答案:

Protein

Thethermalequivalentofoxygenoffoodis（）

參考答案:

Theenergyreleasedwhenfoodisoxidizedtoconsume1literofoxygen

OneofthethingsthatyoucanstoreATPinyourbodyis（）

參考答案:

Creatinephosphate

Factorsthatpromoteenergymetabolismincreaseinclude（）

參考答案:

Theenvironmentishot;Musclemovements;Coldenvironment;Eating

Theconditionsfordeterminingbasalmetabolicrateare（）

參考答案:

Fastedatleast12hourspriortomeasurement;Keepemotionquiet;Measuredshortlyafterwakinginthemorning;Keeptheroomtemperaturebetween20℃and25℃

第八章測試

Whichofthefollowingisawasteproductnormallyexcretedbythekidneys?（）

參考答案:

Urea

Namethestructureofthenephronthatreabsorbsthemostsubstances.（）

參考答案:

Proximalconvolutedtubule

Theproximalconvolutedtubulesreabsorbhowmuchpercentageoffilteredwater?（）

參考答案:

65%

Factorsthatincreaseglomerularfiltrationrateare（）

參考答案:

Decreasedplasmacolloidosmoticpressure

Aftertheoriginalurinepassesthroughwhichofthefollowingparts,itscompositionwillnotchangeandbecomefinalurine（）

參考答案:

Collectingduct

Thesiteofglucosereabsorptioninthekidneyisat（）

參考答案:

Proximaltubule

WhichiscorrectinthefollowingstatementaboutHCO3-proximaltubulereabsorption（）

參考答案:

CouplingwithH+secretedbytubules

WhichiscorrectaboutthefollowingdescriptionofADH（）

參考答案:

Whenarterialbloodpressuredecreases,itsreleasevolumeincreases

Thephysiologicalfunctionofrenalparabulbarcellsis（）

參考答案:

Secreterenin

Themostcriticalsitefordeterminingurinevolumeis（）

參考答案:

Themanifold

Intravenousinjectionof20%glucosesolutioninrabbitsresultedinincreasedurineoutputdueto（）

參考答案:

Increasedsoluteconcentrationoftubulefluid

Themainreasonfordecreasedurineproductionduringtempestuousexerciseis（）

參考答案:

Renalarteriolescontractedandrenalbloodflowdecreased

Themainreasonfordecreasedurineoutputduringheavysweatingis（）

參考答案:

IncreasedosmoticpressureofplasmacrystalleadstoADHsecretion

Themaincauseofoliguriacausedbyinjectionofnorepinephrineis（）

參考答案:

Theglomerularcapillarybloodpressurewassignificantlyreduced

Themainwaythatkidneyregulateswaterbalanceistoalter（）

參考答案:

Reabsorptionofdistalconvolutedtubulesandcollectingtubes

Activereabsorptionofrenaltubules（）

參考答案:

K+;Glucoseandaminoacids;Na+

Theeffectiveglomerularfiltrationpressuredependson（）

參考答案:

Glomerularcapillarybloodpressure;Renalintracapsularpressure;Plasmacolloidosmoticpressure

Thephysiologicstimulus/stimuliforADHsecretionis/are:（）

參考答案:

Decreaseinbloodpressure;Increaseinplasmacrystalosmoticpressure;Decreaseinbloodvolume

Sympatheticexcitationcancause（）

參考答案:

Contractionofthearteriolesinandoutoftheglomerulus;IncreasedNa+reabsorptioninproximaltubulesandmedullaryloops;decreasedglomerularfiltrationrate;Increasedreninsecretion

Thefollowingdescriptionthatcanincreaseglomerularfiltrationrateis（）

參考答案:

Increasedrenalbloodflow;Rapidinjectionofnormalsaline

Whatshouldnotbepresentinnormalurine（）

參考答案:

Protein;Redbloodcells;Glucose

Thebasicprocessesofurineproductioninclude（）

參考答案:

Glomerularfiltration;Secretionandexcretionofrenaltubulesandcollectingducts;Reabsorptionofrenaltubulesandcollectingducts

Thebloodofkidneyischaracterizedby（）

參考答案:

Renalbloodflowcanbeself-regulated;Gothroughthecapillarynetworktwice;Hypotensionincapillariesaroundrenaltubules;Highbloodpressureinglomerularcapillaries;Largebloodflow,mainlysupplyingtherenalcortex

ThesignificanceofH+secretioninrenaltubulesis（）

參考答案:

ItisbeneficialforNa+reabsorption;FacilitatethesecretionofNH3;Itisbeneficialtomaintainacid-basebalance;ItisbeneficialtoHCO3-reabsorption

Thecausesofdecreasingurineoutputduringdehydrationare（）

參考答案:

Decreasedrenalbloodflow;Reductionofvolumereceptorsbystimulation;Increasedsecretionofvasopressin;Elevatedosmoticpressureofplasmacrystal

第九章測試

Intherefractionsystemoftheeye,theinterfacewiththegreatestrefractionabilityis（）

參考答案:

Air--anteriorsurfaceofcornea

Whenthefixatormovesfromfartonear,theeye'sregulatoryresponseis（）

參考答案:

Increasedlensconvexity,reducedpupilandconvergenceofopticaxis

Theeyethatparallellightraysfocusonbehindtheretinawhenviewingdistantobjectsiscalled（）

參考答案:

Presbyopia

Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutnearsightedness?（）

參考答案:

Weakrefractionoftheeyecanoccur

Themaincauseofpresbyopiais（）

參考答案:

Weakenedlenselasticity

Thefunctionsofconecellsare（）

參考答案:

Highvisualacuity;Poorsensitivitytolight;Distinguishthecolorsofobjects;Photopicvision

Thestatementaboutnearsightednessiscorrect（）

參考答案:

Suitableconcavelenscanbewornforcorrection;Farpointiscloserthantheeye

第十章測試

Thestructureofnonchemicalinformationtransmissionis（）

參考答案:

Gapconnection

Whennervecellsareexcited,neurotransmittersarereleasedfrom（）

參考答案:

Axonterminal

Thefollowingcharacteristicsofsynaptictransmissionarestatedcorrectly（）

參考答案:

Synapticdelay

Thesomatosensorycortexlocatesmainlyat（）

參考答案:

posteriorcentralgyrus

Themainfunctionofthespecificprojectionsystemofthethalamusis（）

參考答案:

Causespecificfeelings

Thefinalroadofsomaticmotorreflexrefersto（）

參考答案:

αneuronsintheanteriorhornofthespinalcord

Thebasiccenterofthestretchreflexislocatedat（）

參考答案:

Cerebralcortex

Themostbasicwaytomaintainthebodypositionis（）

參考答案:

Musculartensionreflex

Animalsthatarecutthebrainstembetweentheupperandlowercolliculusofthemidbrainwillappear（）

參考答案:

Brainrigormortis

ThemaincausesofParkinson'sdiseaseare（）

參考答案:

Thecircuitbetweennigraandstriatumdopamineisdamaged

Thecerebralcortexrepresentativeareasofbodymovementaremainlydistributedin（）

參考答案:

Anteriorcentralgyrus

Spinalshockiscausedby（）

參考答案:

Lossofhighcentralcontrolofthesubsectionalspinalcord

Thefollowingstatementsaboutneuronsaretrue（）

參考答案:

Axonscanreceiveinformation;Axonstransmitinformation;Dendritescanreceiveinformation;Thecellbodycantransmitinformation

Thecharacteristicsofnervefiberconductionexcitationare（）

參考答案:

Bidirectionalconduction;Structuralandfunctionalintegrity;Insulation

Themainfactorsaffectingthereleaseofpresynapticmembranetransmittersare（）

參考答案:

TheamountofCa2+enteringtheanteriormembrane;Numberofvesiclesthatreleasethetransmitter;Amplitudeofspike

Amon